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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 01261312 EISSN : 23563931 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101

Core Subject : Science,

Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience

Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 2,170 Documents

187 188 189 190 191

Hearing treshold before and after middle ear surgery in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) Bambang Udji Djoko Rianto*; . Suwardi; Edhie Samodra
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Hearing loss is a common symptom in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM),often cause social communication disturbance. Canal wall up tympanoplastyand canal wall down tympanoplasty are surgery procedures for managing thisdisease that no response to convensional treatment. These surgery proceduresshould consider to hearing function impact. The aim of this study was to evaluatethe difference hearing threshold between before and after middle ear surgeryon CSOM patients. It was an historical cohort study conducted from January2015 to December 2016 involving CSOM patients who underwent canal wall uptympanoplasty surgery and canal wall down tympanoplasty in The Otology Division,Departement of Ear, Nose, Throat, Head and Neck Health, Dr. Sardjito GeneralHospital, Yogyakarta. The inclusion criteria included basic data, diagnostics,surgery reports, and audiometry results before and 3 months postoperatively,while the exclusion criteria were not complete medical record data. Total of 64patients with CSOM were involved in this study consisting of 32 patients whounderwent canal wall up tympanoplasty and 32 patients who underwent canal walldown tympanoplasty. Significantly different in the increasing of hearing thresholdbetween before and after canal wall up tympanoplasty surgery compared to thecanal wall down tympanoplasty was observed (p = 0.021). In addition, surgicaltechnique was the main factor affecting postoperative hearing threshold in CSOMpatients (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the increasing of hearing threshold in CSOMpatients underwent canal wall up tympanoplasty surgery is better than those underwentcanal wall down tympanoplasty.

Life style risk factors for femoral neck fracture in Dr. Sardjito Hospital Helmiza Fahry; Sugeng Yuwana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

As life expentancy improved, the incidence of femoral neck fracture, as one of the mostcommon traumatic injuries in the elderly, has also increased. Risk for fracture is not onlydetermined by age and sex but also by the degree of osteoporosis and certain life-styles.The purpose of this study was to investigate life-style risk factors for femoral neck fracturein Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. In this case-control study, all patients withfemoral neck fractures admitted to the Orthopedic Division and Traumatology, Departmentof Surgery in 2013 – 2014 was included as cases. Controls were subjects withoutfracture of similar age and sex. Data of corticosteroid use, habitual coffee consumption,visual acuity disorders, habitual use of slippers and engagement in routine sport activitywere collected with questionnaires. We invited 63 patients (51 females and 12 males)and 63 controls. Corticosteroid use, habitual coffee consumption, visual acuity disorderand habitual use of slippers were risks factors for fractures, OR (95% CI) = 7.5 (2.9-21.6), p < 0.001; 7.5 (2.9-21.6), p < 0.001; 3.2 (1.6-6.8), p < 0.001 and 5.7 (2.7-12.6), p < 0.001, respectively. Engagement in routine sport activity was a protectingfactor, OR (95% CI) = 0.10 (0.02-0.33), p < 0.001. In conclusion, corticosteroid use,habitual coffee consumption, visual acuity disorder and habitual use of slippers are riskfor fractures, while engagement in routine sport is a protecting factor

Prognostic factors affecting the mortality of 2nd and 3rd degree burn injuries at a tertiary care center in Indonesia Ishandono Dachlan; Khoirul Anam
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

About two million people suffer from burn injuries in the United States eachyear, with 100,000 hospitalized in the burn unit. Around 1000 patients sufferfrom severe burn injuries, with each year average of 300 deaths. Improvementsin the understanding of the prognostic factors affecting burn injuries over thepast decades have led to advances in medical and surgical treatment. However,comprehensive data on the factors affecting burn injuries in Indonesia havenot been available, yet. The aim of the study was to investigate the prognosticfactors affecting the mortality of 2nd and 3rd burn injuries patients in Dr. SardjitoGeneral Hospital, Yogyakarta. This was a cross-sectional study conducted withinthe period of 2007-2011 using secondary data from the Department of MedicalRecords. Chi-square and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate thecorrelation between the prognostic factors and the mortality. A p value < 0.05(95% confidence interval) was considered to be significant. A significantlycorrelation between age, burn injuries percentage, arrival time, inhalation trauma,hemoglobin level, albumin level, creatinine level, hematocrit level and the patient’smortality was observed in this study (p<0.05). However, the cause of burn injuriesand leukocyte count had no correlation with the patient’s mortality (p>0.05).Furthermore, patients with albumin level < 3.5 mg/dL, burn injuries percentage>50%, inhalation trauma and hospitalized in 24 hours after the incident were at22.98, 7.65, 3.0 and 4.59 times higher risk of mortality, respectively (p<0.05).In conclusion, albumin level, burn injury percentage, inhalation trauma and time ofarrival are prognostic factors affecting the mortality of the burn injuries patients.

The role of Malassezia sp, sebum level and Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL) toward the dandruff severity between hijab and non hijab wearing subjects Kristiana Etnawati; Agnes Sri Siswati; Satiti Retno Pudjiati; Devi Artami Susetiati; Dwi Retno Adiwinarni; Affendi Purbananto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Dandruff is a common symptom in adolescence, which possibly due to increasing ofMalassezia sp. colonization, sebum level as well as skin hydration. Wearing hijab ispredicted to increase the humidity and sebum level lead to increase the number ofMalassezia sp. and dandruff severity. A case-control study was conducted on 19 femalewith dandruff who wear hijab and 19 female with dandruff who do not wear hijab, agebetween 18 and 27 years old. The dandruff severity was defined clinically using ascoring system (0-100), only subjects with minimum score of 28 will be included in thisstudy. The sebum and trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) levels were measured withSebumeter and Tewameter from Courage Khazaka. The Malassezia sp. was examinedusing microscopic examination of the squama and culture in the Saboraud medium.There were no significant differences found between hijab and non-hijab groups fordandruff severity. No difference found between two groups for sebum level, Malasseziasp. number microscopically, and Malassezia sp. colonization. Only TEWL level in hijabgroup that was found to be higher than non-hijab group. Wearing hijab does not increasethe dandruff severity, sebum level and colonization number of Malassezia sp. Wearinghijab is found to increase the TEWL level.

Effect of tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy on formant sound frequency Rianto, Bambang Udji Djoko; Jenny, .; Indrasari, Sagung Rai
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACT Vocal tract resonance characteristics are reflected by formant frequencies which determined by the size and shape of the vocal tract. Tonsillectomy may cause changes in the structure of the oral cavity as a resonator in the speech process. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of tonsillectomy on formant sound frequency. This study used a pre-test and post-test only design experimental. The study underwent in the Otorhinolaryngology Department between August up to November 2012. Inclusion criteria were: 1) chronic tonsillitis, 2) tonsil size was T3-T4, 3) age up to 5 years. The exclusion criteria were craniofacial abnormality and neurological disorders. All patients performed a sound analysis by recording vowel / a /, / e /, / i /, / o /, and / u / in 1 day before and 4 weeks after surgery. The sample consisted of 24 (60%) women and 16 (40%) men. The T3-T3 tonsil size were 25 (62.5%) samples and the lowest than T3-T4/T4-T3 were 6 (15%) samples. Based on paired T test there was a statistically significant increase of all F1 vowels (p <0.05), except for / i / (p> 0,05) and decrease of F2 / e / and F3 / u / (p >0,05). Based on these results it can be concluded that tonsillectomy affects the F1 mean difference almost in all vowel except the vowels / i /, F2 & F3.

The effects of furosemide on kidney damage in acute kidney injury rat models Afifah Afifah; . Ngatidjan; Nur Arfian
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

The most frequent cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) is ischemia reperfusion injuriesthat causes inflammation. Furosemide is still used in AKI’s therapy. The advantages anddisadvantages of furosemide in AKI remain controversial. The aim of the study was toinvestigate the effect of furosemide on kidney damage in AKI rat models. Twenty-fivemale (2-3 months old) Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups; sham operation(SO, n=5), ischemic-reperfusion (IR, n=5), IR+furosemide 3.6 mg/kgBW (IR+F1,n=5), IR+furosemide 7.2 mg/kgBW (IR+F2, n=5), and IR+furosemide 14.4 mg/kgBW(IR+F3, n=5). Abdominal surgery was performed under ketamine anesthesia to produceischemic reperfusion (IR) by mean of renal artery clamping for 45 min. Urine output,serum creatinine level, tubular injury score, and TLR4 gene expression were examinedto investigate kidney damage. Periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining was measured toexamine kidney tubular injury. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test with significance level of p<0.05. AKI rat models which were given 3.6 and7.2 mg/kgBW of furosemide (0.014±0.001 mL/min; and 0.012±0.007) showed higher(p>0.05) creatinine clearance compared to IR (0.009±0.003) while administration of 14.4mg/kgBW furosemide (0.009±0.004) denoted equal creatinine clearance to IR (p>0,05).Kidney tubular injury score of 3.6 mg/kgBW furosemide (2.89±0.13) was lower (p>0.05)than IR (3.26±0.19) whereas 7.2 mg/kgBW and 14.4 mg/kgBW furosemide (3.55±0.26;3.83±0.19) were higher (p<0.05) than IR. Administration of 3.6 mg/kgBW furosemide(0.99±0.08) indicated lower (p<0.05) TLR4 gene expression than IR (1.20±0.08) whilst7.2 mg/kgBW furosemide (1.23±0.13) was not-significantly higher (p>0.05) and 14.4 mg/kgBW furosemide (1.63±0.12) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than IR. In conclusion,administration of 3.6 mg/kgBW furosemide reduces kidney damage in AKI rat modelswhile higher dosages (7.2 mg/kgBW and 14.4 mg/kgBW) increase kidney damage.

Correlation between specific rubella immunoglobulin G (Ig G) and response evoked brainstem audiometry examination on confirmed congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) patients Rianto, Bambang Udji Djoko; Pratomo, Akmaluddin Agung; Prasetyo, Ashadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is a health problem that can cause deaf child. Itsdiagnosis is based on clinical manifestation, specific rubella Immunoglobulin M (IgM) andIgG examination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the specificrubella IgG level and the brainstem evoked response audiometry wave V. This was across sectional study involving congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) child patients at Dr.Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta from 2011 to December 2016. The inclusion criteriawere 1) aged less than 24 months; 2) wave V of brainstem evoked response audiometryexamination has been identified. The exclusion criteria were 1) the patient’s parents refusedto participate and 2) incomplete data. Based on α: 5%, β: 20% and coefficient correlationestimation 0.04, minimal sample size were 47 subjects. All of subjects was underwentspecific rubella IgG examination. Statistical analysis by using Spearman`s correlation test.Wave V at the level <25 dB were found in 2 patients (4.3%), 26-40 dB results in 3 (6.4%)patients, 41-60 dB in 1 (2.1%) patient, 61-80dB was found in 9 (19.1%) patients and > 81db in 32 (68.1%) patients. A significant positive linear correlation between IgG levels (4-400 IU/mL) and wave V of brainstem evoked response audiometry was reported (p<0.05;r = 0.432). In conclusion, there is a positive correlation between specific rubella IgG leveland brainstem evoked response audiometry test results.

The role of isoflavon in reducing blood glucose levels Prasetyastuti, .
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Plants provide excellent sources of medicinal compounds. Over 5000 flavonoids havebeen isolated and identified from plant sources. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compoundsmainly recognized as pigments which produce the colors found in flowers, fruit and leaves.Dietary polyphenols are commonly found in plants and are abundant in fruit, vegetables,chocolate, and nuts. These polyphenols also found in beverages including tea, coffee,wine, and soy milk. Flavonoids are known to lower glucose levels, decrease cholesteroland triglycerides, and increase liver enzyme levels most likely by stimulating pancreaticinsulin release. By activating cell-signaling pathways involved in controlling blood glucoselevels, flavonoids aid in carbohydrate digestion, and adipose deposition. Flavonoidscontaining isoflavones, flavanols, flavanones, flavonols, flavones, and anthocyaninshave been studied from clinic study until pre clinic study. However, not all of the studiesconducted had adequate results. Isoflavone is one of the potential flavonoids that still canbe explored for future research. Research on isoflavone supplementation in animals andhumans in reducing blood glucose levels is still limited. Short-term supplementation didnot improve blood glucose levels in postmenopausal women, while other studies suggestthat the long-term isoflavone supplementation can reduce postmenopausal blood glucoselevels. These findings found that isoflavone is a component of flavonoids that have potencyin reducing blood glucose levels.

Correlation between micro-RNA-21 expression and inflammation cytokine in rabbits implanted with bare metal stent with the incidence of neo intimal hyperplasia Hariawan, Hariadi; Soesatyo, Marsetyawan HNE; Munawar, Muhammad; Ghozali, Ahmad
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

In-stent restenosis after stenting in vascular occurs secondary to the accumulation of smooth muscle cell and extracellular matrix. This condition is a major complication caused by the occurrence of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH). The study aimed to prove the role of miRNA-21 as a risk predictor of the NIH event in aorta of rabbits animal model who underwent bare metal (BM) type stent implantation and to know the miRNA-21 role in IL-6 and IL-8 expressions. This study was quasi experimental, coducted in Catheterization Laboratory Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta. Stent implantation was observed intravascular ultrasonography. Blood vessel which was already deployed by stent taken as sample for pathologic examination. Rabbit blood samples were collected on day 0, 7, and 28. Quantification miRNA-21 expression has been done with qPCR and ELISA approach. These 10 rabbits divided into two groups in which one group as control (without stent deployment, 4 models) and another group as intervention (with BM type stent deployment, 6 models). The increase in expression of miRNA-21 on the day 7 and day 28 in the intervention group compared to the control group. Neointimal hyperplasia increased in intervention group on day 7, and 28 were from mild grade to moderate, and severe respectively. In addition, levels of IL-6 and IL-8 increased on day 28 compared with on day 7. This study showed increase of miRNA-21 expression on day 7 and NIH rise from the mild to moderate. Furthermore, on day 28, that increases of miRNA-21 expression and NIH rose from to moderate to severe. The increase of miRNA-21 was also shown on day 7 and 28 followed by the increase of IL-6 and IL-8 levels.

Chronic wound mitomycin-c-induced animal models Andreas Ariawan; Aditya Wicaksana; Aditya Rifqi Fauzi; Rosadi Seswandhana*
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACTChronic wound is a problem often encountered, especially in areas that do not have adequate health facilities. Some of the factors that caused the injury are mechanical, chemical, electrical, or heat. Chronic inflammation and bacterial infections are the two major factors that affect the process of wound chronicity. Mitomycin-C (MMC) is widely used as an intravenous, oral, and topical anti-cancer drug. MMC that is applied topically to a wound can cause cross-linking and decrease or stop the process of DNA transcription so that the wound will not develop the healing phase because MMC works as an inhibitor of fibroblast and proliferation that can inhibit wound healing. This study aimed to create animal models of chronic wound using topical MMC compared to those who given exposure of NaCl without topical MMC. This study used eight female Wistar rats aged 70 to 90 days, weighed between 300 to 350 grams. Wounds were made in the hip area with a diameter of approximately two centimeters. The subjects were divided into two groups. The first group, we compressed the wounds using sterile gauze moistened with MMC 0.5 mg/ml for 5 minutes and rinsed with a saline solution as much as 10 ml6. The second group was compressed using sterile gauze moistened with saline for 5 minutes. On day 3, 5, and 15 we observed the wound profile that was consist of diameter (as an indicator of wound healing), necrosis, and the consistency. The wounds that were compressed using MMC showed brownish-black, dry, thick chronic wounds and took longer to heal compared to those with NaCl. Application of MMC topically on the wound after day 15 showed an inhibition of wound healing process. The animal models showed a slower decrease of wound diameter, fewer scar tissue formation, and development of necrotic tissue.

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