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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 01261312 EISSN : 23563931 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101

Core Subject : Science,

Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience

Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 2,170 Documents

189 190 191 192 193

Cervical cancer screening coverage in urban and rural areas in Southeast Sulawesi: its determinants Saimin, Juminten; Wicaksono, Satrio; Ashaeryanto, .
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Cervical cancer is a woman’s health problem that is still widespread throughout the world, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. The high incidence of cervical cancer is related with early detection program. Visual inspection of acetic acid (VIA) is used as an alternative screening method because it is easier, cheaper and its effectiveness is not much different from the Pap test. There are differences on coverage of VIA test in urban and rural areas. This study aimed to identify determinants of cervical cancer screening coverage in urban and rural areas. The study was a cross sectional study. Total of 372 women who did the VIA test in urban areas of Kendari and rural areas of South Konawe in January to June 2016 were included in this study. Coverage of cervical cancer screening was examined in relation to the level of education, knowledge, distance of health facilities and family support. The data was analyzed using Chi-square test with a significance value p < 0.05. The majority of respondents were the age groupof 31-40 years old, low parity, and first intercourse at ≥ 17 years old. There were significant difference of education level (p=0.000), knowledge (p=0.000) and distance of health facilitiesin urban and rural areas (p=0.000). There was no significant differences between family support in urban and rural areas (p=0.224). In conclusions, education level, knowledge, and distance of health facilities are determinants of cervical cancer screening coverage in urban and rural areas in Southeast Sulawesi.

Critical appraisal of neuropathic pain guidelines in Asia Rizaldy Taslim Pinzon; Rosa De Lima Renita Sanyasi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Neuropathic pain (NP) is type of chronic pain that is common and often difficult to treat. Clinicians may be guided by a number of published guidelines and algorithms for the management of neuropathic pain. It is important for every clinician to know the quality of guidelines. The availability of current guideline in Asian countries is not well understood. Critical appraisal of NP guidelines in Asia has not performed, yet. The aim of this study was to appraise the quality of pharmacological treatment from neuropathic pain guidelines in Asia. Systematic searches were conducted by using combination of keywords i.e NP, Asia, and guideline. Guidelines evaluation was using appraisal of guidelines for research & evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument. The result interpreted as (i) a strongly recommended for use in practice if most domains scored above 50%; (ii) recommended for use with some modification if most domains scored between 30% to 50%; or (iii) not recommended for use in practice if most domains scored below 30%. After matched to inclusion and exclusion criteria there were 5 guidelines left: a guideline from Philippines, China, South Korea, Malaysia and Middle East. All of guidelines are recommended for use with some modification. The guidelines mention that first line treatment for NP are tricyclic antidepressants, selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) and alpha 2-delta ligand calcium channel blocker (CCB). Most of the evidences come from peripheral NP. There were limited evidences for the treatment of central neuropathic pain (central post stroke pain and pain after spinal cord injury). All the existing guideline mention, that the first line treatment for neuropathic are the tricyclic antidepressants, SNRI and alpha 2-delta ligand CCB.

Effects of resistant starch of mixed tubers snacks on glucose metabolism, leptin, visceral fat and body mass index in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Hidayat, Jenny; Sunarti, .; Mustofa, .; Sadewa, Ahmad Hamim
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Resistant starch could lower blood glucose, decrease adipocyte in adipose tissue and affect satiety hormones such as leptin. Tubers and pumpkin have high content of resistant starch, but their effectiveness to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been known clearly. This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of snack consumption made from tubers and pumpkins to BMI, visceral fat, glucose and leptin levels in the blood of T2DM patients and the correlation between the variables. The research method was pre-post clinical trial. Sixteen T2DM patients were in treatment (RS) and control groups. Subjects in RS group were given snack twice daily for 4 weeks. After following wash out process for 4 weeks, the same subjects was continued as subjects’ control. Paired t-test and/or Wilcoxon-test was used to analyze the differences between values before and after treatment in the group and between groups. Pearson test was used to analyze the correlation of BMI, visceral fat, glucose and leptin level. The visceral fat was increased in RS group (p=0.04) after 4 weeks consuming snack but decrease in control group (p=0.04) without significant change of BMI. Leptin level was decreased (p=0.00) in RS group. Blood glucose significantly decreased (p=0.01) and leptin level increased slightly in control group. Comparing the RS and control group at the end of study, there were significantly different in the variation of visceral fat in the female groups (p=0.05) and leptin (p=0.05). Visceral fat correlated with BMI in the RS and control group. In conclusion, the mixed tubers and pumpkin snack decreased the leptin level but increased visceral fat.

Urinary tract infection in premature rupture of membrane (PROM): an academic hospital based study Rahman, Muhammad Nurhadi; Liligoly, Rivaldi D; Pangastuti, Nuring
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Premature rupture of membrane (PROM) and preterm PROM (PPROM) are commonly related with poor maternal and perinatal outcomes. Urinary tract infection (UTI) has been known as one of its risk factors. The aim of study was to ascertain the frequency and pattern of urinary symptoms as well as the risk factors for UTI in PROM and PPROM. A retrospective study was conducted at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. All pregnancy cases with the history of PROM/PPROM from January to December 2015 were included. The research subjects were obtained from medical records, using the format of basic data collection to identify the risk factors of UTI in pregnancy. One hundred cases of complicated pregnancy with either PROM or PPROM were obtained. The mean of maternal age, gestational age, and birth weight were 28 ± 5.99 yr; 34.05 ± 4:28 wk; 2170.79 ± 835.447 g; respectively. Urinalysis was done in 58 patients. The prevalence of bacteriuria was 55.17%. Symptomatic vs. asymptomatic bacteriuria showed statistically significant differences (p

Comparative histochemical study of the kidney of six mammalian species Oghoverere, Abiokuta Blessing; Igho, Odokuma Emmanuel
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Comparative anatomy describes the similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species. Comparative anatomical studies do not only provide evidence for evolution but also indicate that various organisms originate from a common ancestor. They assist scientists in classifying these organisms based on similar characteristics of their anatomical structure. The aim of this study was to compare histochemical of the kidney of six mammalian species. The animals were grouped into three based on their dietary patterns i.e herbivores (Capra aegagrus and Bos taurus), carnivores (Canis lupus and Felis catus) and omnivores (Rattus norvegicus and Sus scrofa). Tissues were obtained from each of the studied species and preserved in 10% formal saline for one week until analysis. The tissues were then subsequently processed and stained using general and specific histochemical techniques. It was observed from this study all the mammalian kidneys consisted of similar histological features which explained that these studied mammals undergo the same evolutionary trend, adaptational changes and phylogenic relationship that exist between the kidneys of the studied species. Despite their differences in dietary patterns, the studied species have similar histological features with little observed variation. However, they have little differences in histochemical staining pattern for glycogen and glycoprotein but in reticulin they all stain intensely. This study has established a strong relationship in the histology of the kidney in six mammalian species.

Correlation between ratio of Nrf2/Keap1 and catalase gene expression in liver of hyperlipidemic rats after administration of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy- 3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one Prasetyastuti, .; Rubi, Dianandha Septiana; Pramana, Abrory Agus Cahya; Sadewa, Ahmad Hamim
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Hyperlipidemia results in excessive superoxide anion radicals that are the cause ofoxidative stress. Phytochemical compounds can reduce oxidative stress. The aim of thisstudy was to investigate the correlations between ratio of Nrf2/Keap1 and catalase geneexpression in livers of hyperlipidemic rats after administration of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one. Twenty-four Rattus norvegicus rats, aged 8 weeks andweighing an average of 200 g were randomly divided into 6 groups i.e. Group 1 wasnormal group (N), Group 2 was hyperlipidemic rats (HL), Group 3 was hyperlipidemicrats with simvastatin (HL+SV), and Groups 4-6 were hyperlipidemic rats with 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one doses 10 mg (HL+10), 30 mg (HL+30) or 90 mg/200 g BW (HL+90), respectively, administered orally by gavages. At the end ofthe study, the rats were euthanized and the livers were used to analyze the ratio of Nrf2/Keap 1 and catalase gene expression. Nrf2/Keap1 ratio and catalase gene expressionbetween groups were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test. Spearman’s correlation test wasused to analyze the correlations between Nrf2/Keap1 ratio and catalase gene expression.The administration of 3 different doses of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one on hyperlipidemic rats increased catalase gene expression. There wasno correlation between ratio Nrf2/Keap1 and catalase gene expression. In conclusion,administration of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-chromen-4-one can improvecatalase gene expression in hyperlipidemic rats. However, there is no correlation betweenthe ratio of Nrf2/Keap1 gene expression and the catalase gene expression.

The difference of nasal mucosal cytology features in gas station workers compared to non-gas station workers Rianto, Bambang Udji Djoko; Kurniawan, Linggawati; Sudarman, Kartono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

The pollutants contained in an outdoor air environment for example gasoline vapors can cause epithelial inflammation, metaplasia, and dysplasia. This study aimed to determine the difference in cytological nasal mucosa between gas station workers and non-gas station workers. This research used a cross-sectional design. There were 80 samples with inclusion criteria: aged 20-50 years, worked more than 3 months, consisting of 40 gas station workers (exposed group) and 40 non-gas station workers (unexposed group) who did not use nasal drops in the last ten days. The exclusion criteria of both groups were: 1) patients with acute rhinitis, 2) had nasal trauma, 3) had nasal surgery, 4) consume alcohol, 5) history of allergic rhinitis, and 6) refused to participate in the study. All samples performed brushing at 1/3 anterior nose inferior turbinate and cytology examination. The statistical analyses used X2 tests. From the exposed group we found 18 (45%) with inflammation, 17 samples (42.5%) with metaplasia, and 9 samples (22.5%) with dysplasia, while in the unexposed group there were 10 (20.5%) with inflammation, 4 (10.0%) with metaplasia and 2 (5.0%) dysplasia. There were statistically significant differences in nasal mucosal cytology, particularly metaplasia (p: 0.001; RP: 6.65; 95% CI: 1.78-27.01) and dysplasia (p: 0.023; RP: 5.52; 95% CI: 1.22-32.10) between both group samples. It can be concluded that there are statistically significant differences involving metaplasia and dysplasia in nasal mucosa cytology features of gas station workers compared to non-gas station workers.

An evaluation study of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant GRA1 protein for detection of igg antibodies againts Toxoplasma gondii infections Nina Difla Muflikhah; Wayan Tunas Artama
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Reliable laboratory testing is important to detect Toxoplasma gondii infection and focuses on improving the low cost and easy to use the diagnostic instrument. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method can be used to determine a large number of samples within a short period of time which based on antibody or antigen detection. We tested the sensitivity and specificity of GRA1 protein of as antigen using the ELISA method to toxoplasmosis diagnosis and compared it with commercial ELISA kit. Seventy sera samples were collected and tested using indirect ELISA, commercial ELISA kit and GRA1 protein-coated as antigen. The results showed 48 and 51 samples had positive IgG antibody using ELISA-GRA1 and commercial ELISA kit, respectively. The GRA1 sensitivity and specificity on ELISA were 100% and 86.36%, respectively. Whereas positive predictive value (PPV) was 94.11%. This result indicated that the recombinant GRA1 protein is a highly immunogenic protein in human toxoplasmosis and marker for toxoplasmosis screening.

Prevalence ratio of free fatty acid in obese group with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Rosmeri Handayani; Siti Muchayat Purnamaningsih; Usi Sukorini
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is liver disorders characterized by macrovesicular fatty liver, fibrosis, cirrhosis that not associated with alcohol consumption. The prevalence of NAFLD has risen with a pandemic of obesity. The increase of free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation will induce endoplasmic reticulum stress that cause mitochondrial dysfunction and lead to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production causing apoptosis of liver cells. The aim of study was to determine the prevalence of FFA in the obese group. This was an observational analytical study with cross-sectional design to determine the prevalence ratio of FFA in the obese group with NAFLD compared to the group without NAFLD. Obese women who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria were involved in this study. Five mL venous blood sample was collected for the measurement of lipid profile, liver enzyme and FFA. Fatty liver was evaluated using abdominal USG. The Chi-square test was used to analyze different proportions of FFA between the both groups. Sixty four subjects were participated in this study and classified into obese with NAFLD (39 subjects) and obese without NAFLD (25 subjects). The prevalence ratio of FFA with cutoff value ≥2.66 nmol/mL in the obese group with NAFLD was 4.3 times higher than those without NAFLD (95% IC: 3.5 – 42.3; p<0.001).

Solitary dermal cylindroma: a rare case report Wahyu Tri Widayati; . Irianiwati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Dermal cylindromas are rare benign skin appendageal tumors that has two clinical presentation, solitary and multiple form. The diagnosis is unusual.However, it must be considered in clinical practice.A 51-year-old woman hadpainless nodule on right arm. Skin examinatipn revealedtwo fragmented nodules, 1x0.5x0.5cm, tan to white, and rubbery. Histopathological findings revealed a well demarcated and an unencapsulated epithelial dermal tumor, composed of numerous oval and polygonal nests molded into a "jig-saw" or "mosaic" appearance at low power. The nests of cells were composed of basaloid cells with scant cytoplasm and hyperchromatic nuclei and paler cells at the center. Nests of epithelial cells were surrounded and penetrated by a thickened band of basement membrane material that was PAS-positive. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining with p63 showed positive staining on basaloid cells. Langerhans dendritic cells in the surrounding nests stained positive with CD1a. Solitary dermal cylindroma occurred sporadically in patients without family history of cutaneous cylindromas.Combination of morphologic, histochemystry and immunohistochemystry staining were needed for accurate diagnosis.

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