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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 01261312 EISSN : 23563931 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101

Core Subject : Science,

Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience

Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)

Articles 2,170 Documents

190 191 192 193 194

The role of transcatheter arterial chemoinfusion (TACI) in unresectable adenocarcinoma colorectal:a case report Bagaswoto Poedjomartono; P Pramiadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer in worldwide. In the last 10 years, the mortality rate of CRC decreased by more than 20% and 5-year survival remains approximately 60% due to the rising developments in diagnostic techniques and optimization of surgical, neoadjuvant and palliative therapies. We reported a case of 80-year-old woman with diarrhea, blood in the stool and weight loss for a year. The patient was diagnosed with colonic polyp eight years ago. In double-contrast barium enema (DCBE) showed filling defects in sigmoid with pedunculated form. Optical colonoscopy demonstrated tumor in sigmoid. Computed tomography (CT) abdomen showed circumferential thickening and luminal narrowing of sigmoid colon with stranding of the serosa and mesenteric fat as well as enlarge pericolic nodes without distant metastasis. Based on American Joint Committee on Cancer criteria the stage was T3N1M0. From histopathological diagnosis, the tumor was well differentiated adenocarcinoma. We concluded as unresectable adenocarcinoma colorectal. Patient received transcatheter arterial chemoinfusion (TACI) with oxaliplatin and bevacizunab in three courses every 2 months. After first TACI, symptoms and patient’s performance status improved without systemic side effects. Arteriography imaging showed decrease in tumor staining after third TACI. CT evaluation showed a significant decrease of tumor size, without nodal and distant metastasis.In this case, TACI treatment with oxaliplatin and bevacizumab in unresectable adenocarcinoma colorectaldemonstrated improvement of patient’s performance status, partial response, decrease stage and symptoms, without systemic side effects. It is proven that TACI treatment may be an effective palliative therapy for unresectable colorectal cancer. Further studies should be performed to verify these findings.We reported a case of a woman with unresectable adenocarcinoma colorectal showed good results after received TACI treatment.

Relationship between hyperuricemia and erectile dysfunction on hypertension patients Vera Ticoalu, Jansje Henny; Kandarina, Istiti; Rizal, Dicky Moch.; Pramantara Setiabudi, I Dewa Putu
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Hypertension is a major non-communicable disease worldwide including in Indonesia. It can cuase erectile dysfunction through vasculogenic pathway. Uric acid level could be a promising biomarker to predict erectile dysfunction due to it is related to endothelial dysfunction, microvascular disease, and hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between hyperuricemia and erectile dysfunction on hypertension patients. This was an observational study with cross-sectional design involving 88 male hypertension patients aged more than 18 years who registered as outpatient in the Bethesda Lempuyangwangi Public Hospital, Yogyakarta. Hyperuricemia was measured using uricase method and erectile dysfunction was measured using IIEF-5 form. The results showed that hyperuricemia (OR=3.89; CI 95% 1.08-15.70; p=0.017), blood pressure (OR=6.84; CI 95% 2.35-20.6; p<0.001), and age (p<0.001) are related with erectile dysfunction on the hypertension patients. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis showed that hyperuricemia, age, and blood pressure simultaneously affect the erectile dysfunction occurance, with good calibration (p=0.167) and discriminative level (0.8604). In conclusion, there is significantly relationship between hyperuricemia and erectile dysfunction on hypertension patients.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) serum levelsof patients with Helicobacter pylori gastritis with cytotoxin-associated gene A positive (CagA+)status Siregar, Wira Prihatin; Siregar, Gontar Alamsyah; Sungkar, Taufik
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) is an agent that causes gastritis and the ulcer of gaster, which are ultimately caused gastric tumors. The prevalence is about 80 % average in developing country and 20-50 % in developed countries. One of the virulence factor iscytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) that plays a role in the inflammation process,cell proliferation and metaplasia in gastric mucosa. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)is one of angiogenic factors that plays a role in the process of making new mucosal tissue after the inflammation by H.pylori. The escalation of VEGF expression levels contribute to the beginning of gastric carcinogenesis. The studywas aimed to analyze of VEGF serum levels between CagA(+) and CagA(-) in patients with H.pylori gastritis. Cross sectional study was conducted on 30 patients with H.pylori gastritis after conducted gastroscopy,biopsy and CLO test, which were continued with VEGF serum examination using ELISA test and perfomed PCR test to determinethe CagA status.The data was analyzed with SPSS 22 version andp value <0.05 was considered significant.The results of this study were18 men (60 %) and 12 women (46%) from 30 total subjects, with a median age average was 53.5 years old.Majority ethnic was Batak with 16 subjects (53.3%). Helicobacterpylori gastritis with CagA(+) was about 21 subjects (70%) and H.pylori gastritis with CagA(-) was about 9 subjects (30%). We found that median VEGF serum levels of patients with H.pylori gastritis with CagA(+)[480.3 pg/dL (115.5-2185.2)] significantly higher compared to thatwith CagA(-) [291.1 pg/dL (158.4-556.7)] (p<0.05).In conclusion, the VEGF serum levels ofpatients withH.pylori gastritis with CagA(+) is higher compared to that withCagA(-).

Aloe vera stimulate cell proliferation, cell migration, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1 (JNK-1) on fibroblast of diabetic rat models Firdaus, Insanul; Arfian, Nur; Wahyuningsih, Mae Sri Hartati; Agustiningsih, Denny
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

The disturbance of cell migration and cell proliferation,diminished production of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1 (JNK-1) are important factors in wound healing process. Aloe vera contains active compounds which can help in the wound healing process. Thestudy aimed to investigate the effect of ethanol extract ofA. veraon cell proliferation, cell migration, VEGF-A and JNK-1 expression of skin fibroblast cells of diabetic rats. The primary skin fibroblast cells were isolated from diabetic Wistar rat and incubated with the A. vera extract in various concentrations i.e. 500 (AV500), 250 (AV250), and 125 µg/Ml (AV125) for 24, 48 and 72 h.The cell proliferation was examined visually by counting the cells number, the cell migration was observed using in vitro scratch assay, whereas VEGF-A and JNK-1 expression were examined using RT-PCR. In 24 and 48h incubation,the cell proliferation of AV500 and AV250 groups had higher number of cells than negative control group,but there was no significant difference (p>0.05). However in72 h incubation,the cell proliferation of AV500 group (29.33±1.28x104 cells/mL)was significantly different compared to negative control group (22.91±3.21x104 cells/mL) (p<0.05). In 24 h incubation, the cell migration of AV500(78.13±7.18%), AV250 (73.88±4.75%) and AV125 (68.80±17.11%) groupswere significantly higher thanthat of negative control group (53.91±2.74%) (p<0.05). In contrastin 48 and 72 hincubation,there were no significantly different in cell migration (p>0.05).The expression of VEGF-A and JNK-1 after incubation with the AV500 for 48 h, weresignificantly higher than those of negative control group (p<0.05).In conclusion, A. vera increases cell proliferation, cell migration, VEGF-A and JNK-1 expression offibroblast cellof diabetic rat skin.

The protective role of single bulb garlic (Allium sativum L.) towards foam cells and vascular cell adhesion molecules-1 (VCAM-1) on mice (Mus musculus) with high-fat diet Chasanah, Isfatun; Ghofur, Abdul; Lestari, Sri Rahayu
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Atherosclerosis is initiated by inflammatory response characterized by the accumulation of lipids in the arteries, causing blockage of blood vessels. The excessive of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood is a major factor in endothelial dysfunction and results in an inflammatory process. The inflammatory process in atherosclerosis is due to the expression of adhesion molecules, vascular cell adhesion molecules-1 (VCAM-1). This research aimed to evaluate the effect of single bulb garlic oil extract (SGBOE) against VCAM-1 expression in high-fat diet mice. Thirty male mice strain Balb/C were acclimatized for one week. Mice were divided into 6 groups (n=5): normal, high-fat diet (HFD), HFD + simvastatin, and HFD + SBGOE 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg BW respectively. HFD was given for 45 days. The SGBOE was given for four weeks orally. The aortic VCAM-1 expression was assayed using the immunohistochemical-flouresencemethod. The result of One-Way ANOVA showed that the treatment influenced significantly (p<0.05). The foam cells increase in the high-fat diet group compared than normal mice. Dose 12,5 mg/kg BW reduces VCAM-1 expression near the normal group. Allicin and S-allyl cysteine (SAC) compounds in single bulb garlic are antioxidant compounds that act to prevent oxidative stress and prevention mechanisms against lipoprotein modification.

The role of genital tract infection inpreterm delivery: aretrospective study Satria, Yohanes Aditya Adhi; Budihastuti, Uki Retno; Susilawati, Tri Nugraha
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Preterm delivery is associated with higher mortality and morbidity of neonates, also increasestheir risk of having growth and development impairment.This study aimed toidentify the role ofgenital tract infection in preterm delivery. A retrospective study was conducted on medical records of mothers who had preterm delivery in a tertiary hospital in Surakarta, Indonesia during 2017. The data collected were mothers’ age and their gestational age, the history of current pregnancy, the number of previous abortion(s), mothers’ body temperature, the extent of abnormal vaginal discharge, and laboratory findings (white blood cell count, platelet count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin count, hematocrit level, urinalysis and microbiology results). The statistical differences amongst categorical and numerical data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and the Mann-Whitney test. Based on the patient’s history and the examination results, we suspected genital tract infections in22.52% (25/111)of subjects. All of them had abnormal vaginal discharge despite only one case had been confirmed as streptococcal infection. This study found that the majority of mothers with probable genital tract infection hadpreterm premature rupture of the membrane whilst preeclampsiawas more evident in those without genital tract infection. We conclude that genital tract infection during pregnancy is a significant contributor to the occurence of premature birth so that microbiological testing is needed to confirm the diagnosis.

Sequence variation of latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A)gene from Epstein-Barr virus epitope cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)related to human leucocyte antigen-A24 (HLA-A24)in peripheral blood sample and cytobrushof nasopharyngeal cancer patients Maya Esther Wullur Moningka; Agus Surono; Sofia Mubarika
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects lymphocyte B and triggers latent phase in the host so that it causes nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Latent membraneprotein 2A (LMP2A) epitope CTL-HLA-A24 is a target for recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL). The change in the epitope could influence the latency of particular EBV in the host due toits ability to evade immune surveillance mediated by CTL. The study aimed to determine thesequence variation of LMP2A epitope CTL-HLA-A24 gene from the peripheral blood samples and cytobrush of the NPC patients. Case-series study was conducted with total 16 cytobrush samples from NPC patients. DNA isolation, polymerasechain reaction (PCR) and gene sequencing were performed in this study. From cytobrush samples of NPC patients, it was found the changes of base sequence variation of LMP2A gene from GGC>GGA, CCA>CCC, TGC>TCC, GGT>GGC and TCT>ACT. CCA>CCC and TGC>TCC variations were found in epitope associated with HLA-A2 where there was a change of epitope sequence from TYGPVFMCL to TYGPVFMSL caused by missense mutation. The change of base sequence caused amino acid alteration from cysteine to serine. Whereas the variation of CCA>CCC did not change the sequence of amino acid proline so that the epitopewas unaffected. In epitope associated HLA-A2 (CLGGLLTMV), there was a change in base sequence from GGT to GGC, but there was no changes in amino acid and still as glycine. There were some new variations: in the upstream sequence of LMP2A from GGC>GGA which is silent mutation and the other variation is in downstream sequence of LMP2A from TCT>ACT which is missense mutation. Thesequence variations of LMP2A gene found in this research were GGC>GGA, CCA>CCC, TGC>TCC, GGT>GGC and TCT>ACT. In our research, we found another variation compared the previous research. The variation was in the upstream sequence of LMP2A from GGC>GGA which is silent mutation and the other variation is in the downstream sequence of LMP2A from TCT>ACT which is missense mutation.

Mode of action of tocotrienol as anticancer Widiyasri Lodu; Ferry Fredy Karwur
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Tocotrienols are fat soluble substances members of the vitamin E family with the main properties of antioxidant. They are composed of the chiral center of chromanol ring with polypreniyl side chains. Research suggests that tocotrienols have a number of health benefit, and one of them as an anticancer agent. As an anticancer, tocotrienols could perform in different processes of the multi stages of cancer development and interact with other anticancer medicines and other bioactive substances, suchs geneistein, lovastin, hydroxychavicol, 6- gingerol and sesamin. The anticancer activities occur through their roles as antioxidant, coenzyme, gene expression regulator, and preventing cholesterol synthesis by inhibiting the expression of HMGCR enzyme after transcription, through this method, tocotrienols could control the cholesterol level of cancer cells and prevent the growth of the cancer. Tocotrienols target several signalling pathways at cellular and molecular levels.

Polyherbal formulation containing Saoropus androgynous, Trigonella foenum-graceum, and Moringa oleifera increased the expression of mRNA smooth muscle α-actin (ACTA2) and cytokeratin 14 (CK14) in lactating rats Fara Silvia Yuliani; Setyo Purwono; Ahmad Hamim Sadewa; Didik Setyo Heriyanto; Rahmaningsih Mara Sabirin; . Mustofa
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Polyherbal formulation (PHF) containing extracts of Sauropus androgynous, Trigonella foenum-graceum and Moringa oleifera has been proven can induce milk production in animal model. However, its molecular of action has not been elucidated, yet. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the PHF on the mRNA expressions of α-actin smooth muscle (ACTA2) and cytokeratin 14 (CK14) on the myoepithelial cells of the lactating rats mammary glands. Thirty female Wistar rats were divided into five groups with six of each. Group I was orally administered aquadest. Group II, III, and IV rats were orally administered the PHF at dose level of 26.25, 52.5, and 105 mg/kg once a day, for 15 days, respectively. Group V was orally administered 2.7 mg domperidone. On 16th day, rats were sacrificed. Mammary glands were isolated and processed for mRNA expression analysis using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results demonstrated that the mRNA expression of ACTA2 and CK14 increased in dose-dependent manner in the groups of PHF. Significantly different between the Group III, IV, and V compared to Group I was observed (p < 0.05). However, there was no significantly different between Group IV and Group V (p>0.05). In conclusion, the PHF increases the mRNA expression of ACTA2 and CK14 on myoepithelial cells of the mammary glands on lactating rats.

The eyelid tumor in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Agus Supartoto; Annisa Nurina Ayuningtyas; Banu Aji Dibyasakti; Purjanto Tepo Utomo; Datu Respatika; Muhammad Bayu Sasongko
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Many types of eyelid tumors may easily be diagnosed from a clinical point of view. However only a small number of large studies exist exploring the frequency of eyelid lesions from different regions. According to the epidemiology of various eyelid lesions happened in Yogyakarta Special Region, this study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of eyelid tumors in Yogyakarta Special Region. A total of 94 patients were enrolled in a descriptive study. The data were taken retrospectively from the medical record. All patients were diagnosed with eyelid tumors from January 2014 until December 2017 by histopathological examination. Among the subjects, 56 (59.6%) were male and 38 (40.4%) were female. There was no difference found in laterality (OD 46% vs OS 50%). Sebaceous carcinoma was found in 15 (16%) patients, followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) 13 (13.8%), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) 11 (11.7%), epidermoid cyst 7 (7.4%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma 7 (7.4%), and others. We also found that 11 (11.7%) of patients showed an inflammation appearance only. The therapy was varied from extirpation and biopsy (39.4%), wide excision (27.7%), excision and biopsy (18.1%), exenteration (10.6%), and also anterior and lateral orbitotomy (2.1%) for each procedure. The eyelid tumor was found equally in the right and the left eye. Sebaceous carcinoma followed by SCC and BCC were the most common eyelid tumor found in this study. A further study is needed to determine the risk factor of each tumor.

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