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INDONESIA
Jurnal Sains Dasar
Published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
ISSN : 20859872     EISSN : 24431273     DOI : 10.21831
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025" : 8 Documents clear
Isolation and Identification of Profenofos Pesticide-Tolerant Bacteria from Agriculture Land in Sleman Regency Pertiwi, Melania Citra; Rakhmawati, Anna; Octavia, Bernadetta; Aminatun, Tien; Suhartini
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Abstract

The intensive application of organophosphate pesticides containing profenofos as the active compound may lead to soil contamination and the emergence of pesticide-tolerant bacterial strains with potential for bioremediation. Comprehensive identification and characterization of these bacteria are crucial to support sustainable agricultural and environmental management practices. The aim of the study is to analyze the characteristics and identify indigenous bacteria tolerant to profenofos pesticide in Sleman agricultural land, DIY. This study is qualitative research using an exploratory-descriptive. Isolation was carried out by dilution to a level of 10-7 followed by a spread plate on Mineral Salt Medium (MSM) which was given with 100 ppm profenofos pesticide. Bacterial isolates were characterized and then identified using profile matching with reference genera. Based on the results of the study, it is found that 10 bacterial isolates tolerant to organophosphate pesticide with the active ingredient profenofos that have a similarity index of ≥70%. Based on the reference bacteria, 5 different genera are obtained, namely Paracoccus (D3, D8), Micrococcus (D5, D6, D9), Enterococcus (D2, D10), Arthrobacter (D1, D4), and Neisseria (D7). The bacterial isolates obtained have different characteristics. The characteristics of these bacteria are gram positive and negative bacteria with round, irregular, and rhizoid shapes. Their margins are lobate, curled, entire, undulate, and ciliate. Their elevations are umbonate, raised, and flat. The color of the bacteria is white to light orange, with various physiological test results.
Selection of Cellulolytic Bacteria Found in Mask Waste from Wana Tirta Mangrove Pramesti, Ariska Hanum; Octavia, Bernadetta
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Abstract

The amount of mask waste has increased significantly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Mask waste can be found everywhere, likewise in Wana Tirta Mangrove. Its existence in the mangrove ecosystem, making mask waste, has the potential for cellulolytic bacteria. The purpose of this study is to determine the cellulase enzyme activity, characteristics, and genus of purified cellulolytic bacteria found in mask waste from Wana Tirta Mangrove. The method used in this study was qualitative research. The samples for this research were bacterial isolates from mask waste, which had previously been isolated from the Wana Tirta Mangrove. Samples were grown on CMC media to determine isolates that were included in cellulolytic bacteria. The cellulase activity of cellulolytic bacteria was tested qualitatively and quantitatively. Morphological, physiological and biochemical tests were carried out to obtain phenetic characters which were then used as the basis for determining the genus of cellulolytic bacteria. The results showed that 10 isolates were cellulolytic bacteria. The highest activity of cellulase enzyme qualitatively was produced by isolate 72 with a value of 0.466 mm, while the highest activity of cellulase enzyme quantitatively was produced by isolate 84 with a value of 0.931 U/ml. The dendrogram result showed 4 genera of cellulolytic bacteria, including Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, Cellulomonas, and Aeromonas.
Reduction of the Heavy Metal Mercury (Hg) from Paningkaban Gold Mining Tailings, Bayumas, with Ageratum Conyzoides Althaaf, Nabila Tsabita; Aminatun, Tien; Rakhmawati, Anna; Atun, Sri
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Gold is a fairly large contributor to Indonesia's foreign exchange. The area that has the potential to have minerals is Banyumas Regency. This area has been indicated to have gold mineral reserves of around 16,000 hectares. Until now, the gold processing process still uses mercury, which produces negative impacts such as post-mining waste containing heavy metal mercury (Hg), which can cause environmental damage. Environmental damage that arises, such as pollution of the soil and water environment, due to the gold bioleaching process that is disposed of without any treatment. One alternative that can be used to overcome this problem is by using hyperaccumulator plants. One plant that falls into the hyperaccumulator category is the bandotan plant (Ageratum conyzoides), because it is often found in gold mining areas contaminated with mercury. Mercury contamination will be absorbed from the environment into the body of Ageratum conyzoides through membranes and converted into less toxic substances. The aim of this research is to determine the ability of the Ageratum conyzoides plant as a phytoremediation agent in reducing mercury metal (Hg) in tailings from Paningkaban Village, Banyumas. There are two treatments, namely the planting media used with 2 kg of tailings soil and 2 kg of planting media mixed with tailings and compost. The mixture ratio between tailings and compost is 1:1. Each treatment, consisting of three replications, was observed using plant growth parameters (plant height and number of leaves), as well as control parameters (edaphic and microclimatic). The results of the research show that the Ageratum conyzoides plant is a phytoremediation agent that can reduce levels of the heavy metal mercury (Hg) in the planting medium of mining tailings soil from Paningkaban Village, because it gives test results of BCF values > 1 and TF < 1, which indicates that the Ageratum conyzoides plant has potential as a phytostabilizing agent.
Stingles Bee Propolis Extract as An Active Ingredient in Antibacterial Ointment Formula Arrijal, Nail Zufar; Fauziyyah, Fadhilah Fida; Sugiarto, Eko; Hayati, Septi Nur; Rizal, Wahyu Anggo
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Stingless bees, also known as kelulut or klanceng (in local languages), are now widely cultivated in Indonesia. Stingless bees produce honey and propolis, which is the residue from honey extraction and is more abundant than honey itself. In this study, the processing of honey sacs or propolis into active ingredients for antibacterial ointments was optimized, specifically to address skin diseases caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. Propolis was extracted using aqua dest and 96% ethanol and optimized using three methods, namely sonication, maceration, and decoction, and antibacterial testing was carried out on S. aureus and S. mutans test bacteria. Antibacterial testing was carried out on the extracts using the diffusion method and the microdilution method. The results of the testing showed that propolis extract was most effectively extracted with water solvent, which had a bacterial inhibition concentration of 1,000–8,000 μg/mL. Water-based propolis extract can be used as a raw material for antibacterial ointments with a usage concentration of 5–15% and has been proven effective in inhibiting bacterial growth as observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
Connectivity Indices of Power Graphs over Dihedral Groups of a Certain Order Munandar, Arif
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Abstract

The dihedral group is a mathematical structure generated by rotational and reflection symmetries. In this study, the representation of the group is described using a power graph, where all elements of the group are treated as vertices, and two distinct elements are considered adjacent when one is a power of the other. By analyzing the structural patterns of the resulting power graphs, various connectivity indices can be determined, particularly for dihedral groups whose orders are powers of a prime number. This research focuses on six specific connectivity indices: the first Zagreb index, the second Zagreb index, the Wiener index, the hyper-Wiener index, the Harary index, and the Szeged index.
Anti-Mosquito Spray Based on Carbon Nanodots from Durian Peel Waste Ufairah, Ghina Syifa; Rukasih, Tina; Yuflihza, Zaharani; Dwandaru, Wipsar Sunu Brams
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v14i1.72108

Abstract

The accumulation of organic waste can cause various diseases and environmental pollution. One of the diseases caused by this is Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Organic waste such as durian peel waste contains carbon, which can be processed into carbon nanodots (C-dots). The C-dots from durian peel waste can be used as a basic ingredient for mosquito repellent spray because durian peel contains essential oils, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, which are toxic to mosquitoes. The synthesis of C-dots can also reduce environmental pollution due to durian peel waste. The purpose of this study was i) to prepare and characterize C-dots from durian peel waste using UV-Vis and PSA tests, and ii) to identify the effect of the C-dots solution in a mosquito repellent test in order to determine the ability of the anti-mosquito spray. This was an experimental study on the preparation of C-dots from durian peel waste using the two-steps low heating (TSLH) method. The anti-mosquito spray was made of 3 ratios of C-dots mass to distilled water volume, i.e.: (0.1 g : 200 ml); (0.2 g : 200 ml); and (0.3 g : 200 ml). Based on the results of the UV-Vis and PSA characterizations, it was found that the absorption peaks of the C-dots were at the wavelength interval of 288–332 nm and the sizes of the C-dots were 178.6 nm (69.3%) and 54.1 (20%). The mosquito repellent test showed that the anti-mosquito spray could repel and eradicate mosquitoes at the best ratio of (0.1 g C-dots : 200 ml of distilled water) with the highest mosquito’s mortality of 11 mosquitoes in 17 minutes and 29 seconds. This proves that the C-dots from durian peel waste can be used as an anti-mosquito spray.
The Effect of Organic Waste Combination in Feed Medium on the Growth and Development of Hermetia illucens Larvae Corani, Bernadetha Chanelia Dwi; Suhandoyo
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v14i1.74230

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of fermented tofu pulp, coconut pulp, rice bran, and cabbage waste on: 1) the growth and; 2) development of BSF larvae. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) at the Biology Garden of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Yogyakarta State University. The independent variables used were combinations of feed media with fermented tofu pulp, cabbage waste, coconut pulp, and rice bran in 3 treatments. The dependent variables observed were growth, including biomass increase and individual larval growth, as well as BSF larval development. The control variables of the study were container size, initial BSF larva biomass, and BSF larva age, which was 10 days after hatching. Observations of individual growth and BSF larva development were conducted once a week. BSF larva biomass measurements were conducted every 2 weeks using the gravimetric method. Data analysis for this study used ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The combination of fermented tofu pulp, coconut pulp, rice bran, and cabbage waste had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the increase in biomass and individual growth of BSF larvae, as well as on the speed of BSF larvae development into pupae.
Analysis of Regional Clusters in Indonesia based on Factors Causing Stunting using Self Organizing Map Algorithm Karyati; Bellapurani, Larrachita Rizka
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v14i1.76468

Abstract

This study aimed to classify regions in Indonesia based on the causes of stunting which are included in specific intervention and sensitive intervention framework, so that related parties can use them to address the biggest causal factors in each region. This research used the Self Organizing Map (SOM) method. The variables used were the percentage of children aged less than 6 months who were exclusively breastfed, the percentage of children aged 12-23 months who received complete basic immunization, the percentage of ever-married women aged 15-49 years whose last birth was facilitated by health workers and assisted by health workers, the percentage of households that have access to proper drinking water sources, and the percentage of households that have access to proper sanitation. The results obtained 6 clusters with their respective characteristics. Cluster 1 consists of 27 districts/cities, cluster 2 consists of 59 districts/cities, cluster 3 consists of 23 districts/cities, cluster 4 consists of 264 districts/cities, cluster 5 consists of 103 districts/cities and cluster 6 consists of 38 districts/cities.

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