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Jurnal Sains Dasar

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Published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

ISSN : 20859872 EISSN : 24431273 DOI : 10.21831

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Articles 237 Documents

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Karakterisasi Subgrup Sylow Solvable Dari Grup Poin Senyawa Fosfor Pentaklorida Ema Carnia Carnia; Sisilia Sylviani; Elah Dewia
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Setiap molekul atau senyawa kimia memiliki operasi simetri yang mendeskripsikan keseluruhan karakter dari molekul tersebut. Himpunan dari semua operasi simetri yang berlaku pada suatu senyawa akan membentuk suatu grup. Semua operasi simetri yang berlaku pada senyawa Fosfor pentaklorida membentuk grup poin. Pada paper ini dibahas karakterisasi dari grup poin senyawa Fosfor pentaklorida dilihat dari sudut pandang teori grup. Salah satu hasil yang diperoleh adalah bahwa setiap subgrup Sylow dari senyawa Fosfor pentaklorida merupakan grup solvable.Kata kunci: simetri, grup poin, teori grup, p-subgrup Sylow, solvableCHARACTERIZATION OF SOLVABLE SYLOW SUBGROUP OF POINT GROUP PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE COMPOUNDPhosphorus pentachloride is a gaseous chemical compound. One of the uses of this compound is a substance that can accelerate the rate of chemical reactions. Phosphorus pentachloride compounds has a molecular geometry shape trigonal bipyramid with a total of 12 symmetry operations. The set of all symmetry operations completed with the operation of the function composition will form a group called the D_3h point group. In this paper discuss the characterization the points group of Phosphorus pentachloride compound from the perspective of group theory. Beginning with point group proofing, then determine all Sylow p-subgroup and normal subgroups of this group.The results obtained were the properties that Sylow 2-subgroup and Sylow 3-subgroup of Phosphorus pentachloride compounds and slices between Sylow subgroups and normal subgroup is solvable groups. Keywords: Phosphorus pentachloride, point group, group theory, Sylow p-subgroup, solvable

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A LAB-ON-A-PAPER FOR LOW-COST AND DISPOSABLE POINT-OF CARE DIAGNOSTICS Afnidar Afnidar; Bambang Kuswandi
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 5, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Abstract This paper presents a low-cost and disposable paper based microfluidic analysis system for point-of-care diagnostics. Detection is achieved by using a colorimetric or visual indicator. Immobilized specific reagent or enzymes designed for the parameter under consideration act as capture molecules on the surface of the detection zone. The sensor is integrated into a microfluidic system made of paper (cellulose). An additional component of the analysis system is a capillary unit which is used to introduce the analyte to the detection zone. For this purpose well- defined, millimeter-sized channel, comprising hydrophobic polymer bounded onto hydrophilic paper was created. Then the detection zone was coated with a sensitive reagent layer as a sensor region. The paper based microfluidics also called lab on paper, has been fabricated using screen printing technology as the basis for low-cost, disposable, portable and technically simple fabrication for mass production. Microfluidics in paper make it feasible to run single, dual or even multiple clinical analyses on one strip of paper while still using only small volumes of a single sample. The capability of lab on paper for detection of importance clinical analyte protein in urine, saliva and blood samples has been demonstrate successfully. Lab on paper as a diagnostic system is small, disposable, and easy to use and requires no external equipment, reagents, or power sources. This kind of diagnostic system is attractive for use in developing countries, in the field, or as a low-cost alternative to more-advanced technologies already used in clinical diagnostics. Keywords: Lab-on-a-paper, Point-of-care, Visual detection, Clinical diagnostic, Disposable sensor

KEANEKARAGAMAN ANGGREK ALAM DAN KEBERADAAN MIKORIZA ANGGREK DI DUSUN TURGO PAKEM, SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA Sugiyarto, Lili; Umniyatie, Siti; Henuhili, Victoria
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 5, No 2 (2016): October 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keanekaragaman, mikoriza simbion, dan keberadaan mikoriza di akar anggrek alam di Dusun Turgo Pakem Yogyakarta. Metode yang digunakan dengan mengidentifikasi jenis anggrek, mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi fungi mikoriza adalah media PDA (potato dextrose agar) yang dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi setiap fungi yang diperoleh. Pengukuran faktor lingkungan abiotik meliputi faktor edafik yaitu kelembaban, pH, suhu tanah, dan mikroklimat yaitu suhu udara, kelembaban udara, dan intensitas cahaya. Infeksi mikoriza diamati dengan mengamati keberadaan fungi pada jaringan akar. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan adanya 8 spesies anggrek alam yaitu : Zeuxine petakinensis, endrobium sagittatum, Bulbophyllum chaetonium, Dendrobium mutabile, Eria retusa, Eria oblitterata, Pholidota carnea, Rhomboda velutina. Beberapa anggrek spesies di hutan tersebut dalam keadaan dorman sehingga tidak dapat diidentifikasi. Keberadaan mikoriza dari hasil pengamatan mikroskopis menunjukkan bahwa pada umumnya akar anggrek spesies yang ditemui berasosiasi simbiose dengan mikoriza yang masing-masing menunjukkan jenis fungi yang berbeda. Fungi yang dapat didentifikasi diantaranya termasuk dalam genus Rhizoctonia, Glomus, Chaetonium, Scopulariopsis dan TrichodermaKata kunci: spesies anggrek, mikoriza, fungi anggrek Abstract This research aims to identify the diversity of orchids and to find the existence of mycorrrhizal symbiont in wild orchid roots in Turgo village, Pakem Sleman. The samples of orchids and orchid roots were done by taking samples in Puspa Forest of Turgo Village, Pakem Sleman Yogyakarta. This research were exploration research on existing orchids’ diversity. The methods that have been used to identify the existing orchid species in the forest, isolation, and characterization mycorrhizal fungi is PDA (potato dextrose agar). Measurement of environmental factors for including edhapic factors were humidity, pH, soil temperature, and microclimate factors were air temperature, air humidity, and light intensity. The mycorrhizal infection was done by observing of mycorrhizal fungi existence. The results of the research are retrieved 8 species of orchids are Zeuxine petakinensis, Dendrobium sagittatum, Bulbophyllum chaetonium, Dendrobium mutabile, Eria retusa, Eria oblitterata, Pholidota carnea, Rhomboda velutina. Some orchids in the forest are dormant, therefore it couldn’t be identified. The mycorrhizal symbiosis from microscopic characterization had been known as different on each mychorriza. The mycorrhizal fungi that have been identified were genus of Rhizoctonia, Glomus, Chaetonium, Scopulariopsis and Trichoderma. Keywords: orchid species, mychorrhiza, orchid fungi

Prediction of Tourist Arrivals to the Island of Bali with Holt Method of Winter and Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) Agus Supriatna; Elis Hertini; Dwi Susanti; Sudradjat Supian
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

The tourism sector is one of the contributors of foreign exchange is quite influential in improving the economy of Indonesia. The development of this sector will have a positive impact, including employment opportunities and opportunities for entrepreneurship in various industries such as adventure tourism, craft or hospitality. The beauty and natural resources owned by Indonesia become a tourist attraction for domestic and foreign tourists. One of the many tourist destination is the island of Bali. The island of Bali is not only famous for its natural, cultural diversity and arts but there are also add the value of tourism. In 2015 the increase in the number of tourist arrivals amounted to 6.24% from the previous year. In improving the quality of services, facing a surge of visitors, or prepare a strategy in attracting tourists need a prediction of arrival so that planning can be more efficient and effective. This research used Holt Winter's method and Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) method to predict tourist arrivals. Based on data of foreign tourist arrivals who visited the Bali island in January 2007 until June 2016, the result of Holt Winter's method with parameter values α=0.1 ,β=0.1 ,γ=0.3 has an error MAPE is 6,171873. While the result of SARIMA method with (0,1,1)〖(1,0,0)〗12 model has an error MAPE is 5,788615 and it can be concluded that SARIMA method is better.Keywords: Foreign Tourist, Prediction, Bali Island, Holt-Winter’s, SARIMA.

SYNTHESIS OF MEMBRANES FROM PILLARED CLAY FeCl3 FOR SEAWATER DESALINATION APPLICATION Muslimin, Muslimin; Darmawan, Adi; Lusiana, RA.
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 7, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Synthesis of membranes has been done using pillared clay FeCl3for desalination application. Pillared clays FeCl3were synthesized via a sol-gel method using [OH] / [Fe] 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 2.5. Formed sol-gel was furnace on 600oC for 2 hours. The membranes which were cooled at room temperature for 3 days then tested filtration of seawater. The results showed that membrane pillared clays FeCl3 with a ratio [OH] / [Fe] 0.25 reached filtration purity 99.99% with the initial TDS 27.58 ppm and resulted rejection TDS 00.22 ppm after filtration. Membrane with ratio [OH] / [Fe] 0.5 reached filtration purity 80%, with initial TDS 27.58 ppm and resulted rejection TDS 11.76 ppm, while membranes with ratio [OH] / [Fe] 1,2 and 2,5 was broken during the filtration proces, its resulted very small rejection. Keywords: membrane, pillared clay, FeCl3, Seawater desalination

APLIKASI KOORDINAT PARALEL DI DALAM RUANG DIMENSI 4 PADA DISPLAY LALU-LINTAS PESAWAT Hartono Hartono; Kus Prihantoso Krisnawan; Husna Arifah
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 4, No 2 (2015): October 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v4i2.9814

This research aims to describe ann-dimensional line on a parallel coordinate and uses the representation as a display of aircraft motion which flies at a straight line and constant velocity. A parallel coordinate of n-dimensional space depicted in the form of nparallel vertical lines which represent axis.Every two adjacent axes have the same distance. A horizontal line that cutsall axes indicates the initial pointsof each axis. In a parallel coordinate,an 15n" -dimensional point is represented as a polygonal chainwhere the vertices located on its axis. Based on the representations of some of collinear points, a line is described on a parallel coordinate. On the other hand, one can consider a graph of an aircraft motion as a graph of a 4-dimensional space. At a constant speed with a straight line orbit, the graph of an aircraft movementis a graph of 4-dimensional line. The result shows that, on a parallel coordinate, an n-dimensional line represented as 15n-1" dots. As a consequence, the graph of an aircraft that moveat a constant speed with a straight line orbitrepresented as3 dots. By this representation, the coordinate and altitude of the aircraft can be observes at anytime. It also shows whether the movement of an aircraft disturb (strike or too close to) another plane or not. Keywords: parallel coordinate, n-dimensional space, aircraft movement display

SINTESIS ANALOG KURKUMIN MONOKETON BERBAHAN DASAR SINAMALDEHIDA DAN UJI AKTIVITASNYA SEBAGAI INHIBITOR ENZIM α-GLUKOSIDASE Yunia Mardianis; Chairil Anwar; Winarto Haryadi
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Telah dilakukan sintesis analog kurkumin monoketon sebagai senyawa target yang berbahan dasar sinamaldehida dan uji aktivitasnya sebagai inhibitor enzim α-glukosidase. Tahap sintesis melibatkan reaksi kondensasi aldol silang Claisen-Schmidt dengan variasi keton sehingga dihasilkan senyawa analog kurkumin monoketon. Pengujian aktivitas antidiabetes senyawa analog kurkumin dilakukan melalui inhibisi enzim α-glukosidase yang diisolasi dari beras lapuk (Oryza sativa). Tahapan awal penelitian ini yaitu analog kurkumin (2E,5E)-2,5-bis((E)-3-fenilalilidin) siklopentanon disintesis dengan mereaksikan sinamaldehid dan monoketon siklopentanon dalam pelarut etanol. Sintesis tersebut dilakukan dalam kondisi basa KOH dengan pengadukan pada suhu 52 °C selama 50 menit. Senyawa hasil sintesis dianalisis strukturnya menggunakan FTIR, direct inlet-MS, 1H- dan 13C-NMR. Tahap selanjutnya analog kurkumin hasil sintesis diuji aktivitasnya sebagai inhibitor enzim α-glukosidase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa analog kurkumin monoketon hasil sintesis diperoleh rendemen sebesar 72,15%. Hasil berupa padatan berwana kuning dengan titik leleh sebesar 196,20–200,10 °C. Hasil uji inhibisi terhadap enzim α-glukosidase mengindikasi bahwa analog kurkumin memiliki aktivitas antidiabetik dan cukup berpotensi untuk menginhibisi enzim α-glukosidase dengan persentase inhibisi sebesar 70,71%. THE SYNTHESIS OF CURCUMINE ANALOGUE MONOCETONE FROM CINAMALDEHYDE AND ITS ACTIVITY TEST AS α-GLUCOCYDE ENZYME INHIBITORThe synthesis of curcumin analog monoketone as target compounds from cinnamaldehyde and inhibition assay against α-glucosidase enzyme had been performed. The stepwise of synthesis was performed by aldol condensation Claisen-Schmidt reaction and used ketone to give curcumin analog monoketone. The antidiabetic activity of curcumin analog was carried out by inhibition test against α-glucosidase enzyme isolated from rotten (Oryza sativa). The first step of synthesis (2E,5E)-2,5-bis((E)-3-phenylallylidene) cyclopentanone was started by reacting cinnamaldehyde and cyclopentanone as monoketone in etanol as solvent. The synthesis was carried out in base condition (KOH) by stirring at 52 °C for 50 minutes. The structures of product was identified by using FTIR, direct inlet-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR. Futhermore, the activity of curcumin analog was tested against with α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition. The results show that the curcumin analog was yielded in 72.15% as yellow solid. The melting point of curcumin analog was at 196.20–200.10 °C. The inhibition against α-glucosidase enzyme indicated that the curcumin analog was potential to inhibit α-glucosidase enzyme with the highest activity by giving inhibtion percentage of about 70.71% at 2.5 mM.

FUZZY RINGS AND ITS PROPERTIES Utama, Rifki Chandra; Karyati, Karyati
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 5, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Abstract One of algebraic structure that involves a binary operation is a group that is defined an un empty set (classical) with an associative binary operation, it has identity elements and each element has an inverse. In the structure of the group known as the term subgroup, normal subgroup, subgroup and factor group homomorphism and its properties. Classical algebraic structure is developed to algebraic structure fuzzy by the researchers as an example semi group fuzzy and fuzzy group after fuzzy sets is introduced by L. A. Zadeh at 1965. It is inspired of writing about semi group fuzzy and group of fuzzy, a research on the algebraic structure of the ring is held with reviewing ring fuzzy, ideal ring fuzzy, homomorphism ring fuzzy and quotient ring fuzzy with its properties. The results of this study are obtained fuzzy properties of the ring, ring ideal properties fuzzy, properties of fuzzy ring homomorphism and properties of fuzzy quotient ring by utilizing a subset of a subset level and strong level as well as image and pre-image homomorphism fuzzy ring. Keywords: fuzzy ring, subset level, homomorphism fuzzy ring, fuzzy quotient ring

THE EFFECT OF VOLUME VARIATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLE SOLUTION TOWARDS THE POROSITY AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF MORTAR W.S.B. Dwandaru; H.S.A Tina; A. Andreyani
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 5, No 2 (2016): October 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

As the world is growing rapidly, people need better building materials such as mortar. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of adding silver nanoparticle solution towards the porosity and compressive strength of mortar. This research was started by making silver nanoparticle solution from nitrate silver (AgNO3). The solution is then characterized using Uv-Vis spectrophotometer. 5 mM silver nanoparticle is added in the process of mortar production with volume variation of the silver nanoparticle solution. The porosity, compressive strength, and the content of mortar were determined by digital scale, universal testing machine, and X-ray diffraction, respectively. For silver nanoparticle solution volumes of (in mL) 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 the porosity obtained are (in %) 20.38, 19.48, 19.42, 18.9, 17.8, and 17.5, respectively. The best increase in compressive strength is obtained for (in MPa) 29,068, 29,308, and 31,385, with nanoparticle solution volumes of (in mL) 5, 10, and 15 Keywords: mortar, silver nanoparticle, compressive strength

Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur Kelajuan Udara Tipe Thermal Terintegrasi Termometer Udara Berbasis Sensor LM35 dan PT100 Laila Katriani; Subroto Subroto; Asri Setyaningrum; Widi Sulistia N
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang bangun alat ukur kelajuan udara tipe thermal yang terintegrasi termometer udara menggunakan sensor LM35 dan PT100. Penelitian dimulai pada bulan Mei s/d Oktober 2016. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Elektronika dan Instrumentasi Jurusan Pendidikan Fisika Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Rancang bangun alat ukur kelajuan udara ini terdiri dari dua tahapan yaitu, perancangan perangkat keras (hardware) dan perancangan perangkat lunak (software). Perancangan perangkat keras terdiri dari perancangan sensor (LM35 dan PT100), perancangan IC LM317, perancangan pengolah data dan display. Perancangan perangkat lunak menggunakan bahasa C. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan bahwa keluaran sensor LM35, yaitu tegangan sebanding dengan perubahan temperatur, yang memiliki sensitifitas sebesar 0,009 volt/ºC dan tegangan keluaran awal dari sensor pada saat temperatur 0 ºC sebesar 0,041 volt. Keluaran sensor PT100, yaitu resistansi sebanding dengan perubahan temperatur yang memiliki sensitifitas sebesar 0,391 Ω/oC dan resistansi keluaran awal dari sensor pada saat 28 oC sebesar 100,8 Ω. Persen error dari pengujian alat ukur kelajuan udara tipe thermal sebesar 4%. DEVELOPMENT OF THERMAL TYPE ANEMOMETERINTEGRATED WITH AIR THERMOMETER USING LM35 SENSOR AND PT100 SENSORThis research aimed to design a thermal type anemometer integrated with air thermometer using Lm35 sensor and PT100 sensor. The study began in Mei until Oktober 2016. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Electronics and Instrumentation, Department of Physics Education, State University of Yogyakarta. The design of the thermal type anemometer consists of two stages, namely, the design of the hardware and software design. Hardware design consists of a sensor system design (LM35 and PT100), LM317 design, system design for data processing and display. Software design using C language. Based on the results of tests that had been done, shows that the sensor output LM35, whic is voltage is proportional to temperature changes, which had a sensitivity of 0.009 volts / ºC and initial output voltage of the sensor when the temperature reach 0 °C is 0,041 volts. PT100 sensor output, which is resistance is proportional to temperature changes, which had sensitivity of 0.391 Ω/oC and initial output resistance of the sensor when temperature reach 28 °C is 100,8 Ω. Error percent of thermal-type air speed measuring instrument testing is 4%.

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