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INDONESIA
Jurnal Sains Dasar
Published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
ISSN : 20859872     EISSN : 24431273     DOI : 10.21831
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 237 Documents
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PEMANFAATAN PESTISIDA NABATI PADA PENGENDALIAN HAMA PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica juncea L.) MENUJU PERTANIAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN suhartini, suhartini; Suryadarma, Putu; Budiwati, Budiwati
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (86.93 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v6i1.12998

Abstract

Abstrak Penggunaan pestisida kimia telah banyak memberikan dampak negatif pada lingkungan, sehingga diperlukan penggunaan pestisida nabati untuk menuju pertanian yang ramah lingkungan. Di desa ditemui banyak jenis daun yang dapat digunakan sebagai pestisida hayati, maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari ekstrak pestisida nabati yaitu daun tembakau, tapak liman, daun kayu kuning dan daun sirih hijau terhadap mortalitas hama Plutella Xylostella pada tanaman sawi (Brassica juncea L.) berat basah sawi dan kerusakan daun sawi.Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan jenis tanaman sebagai pestisida Nabati . Perlakuan yang digunakan ada 6 macam (taraf) yaitu kontrol negatif (P0), daun tembakau (P1), tapak liman (P2), daun kayu kuning (P3),  daun sirih hijau (P4) dan pestisida kimia sebagai kontrol positif (P5) dengan masing-masing kadar 10 %. Parameter yang diamati adalah mortalitas hama,  berat basah sawi dan tingkat kerusakan daun sawi. Analisis dilakukan dengan anova satu arah.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak daun tembakau ((Nicotiana tabacum), tapak liman ((Elephantopus sp.), daun kayu kuning (Arcangelisia flava L.) dan daun sirih hijau  (Piper betle Linn.) dengan konsentrasi 10 persen dari ekstrak belum memberikan pengaruh nyata pada mortalitas hama Plutella xylostella, berat basah sawi ((brassica juncea l.)  dan tingkat kerusakan daun sawi (brassica juncea l.). Ekstrak daun yang paling berpengaruh pada mortalitas Plutella xylostella secara berurutan adalah tembakau, daun sirih, daun kayu kuning dan tapak liman. Sedangkan pada berat basah sawi (brassica juncea l.) secara berurutan daun kayu kuning, daun sirih hijau, daun tapak liman dan daun tembakau. Sementara terhadap tingkat kerusakan daun sawi mulai yang paling kecil rusaknya  secara berurutan adalah daun sirih hijau, daun tembakau, tapak liman dan daun kayu kuning. Kata Kunci: Pestisida Nabati, ekstrak, Plutella xylostella, mortalitas, sawi (Brassica juncea) ABSTRACTThe use of chemical pesticides has many negative impacts on the environment, it is necessary for the use of biological pesticide towards sustainable agriculture or environmentally friendly agriculture. In the village were encountered many types of leaves that can be used as a biological pesticide, and therefore this study aims to determine the effectiveness of pesticide plant extracts of the leaves of some plants covering the leaves of tobacco, elephantopus, yellow wood and green betel on mortality of Plutella xylostella pests in plants mustard greens (Brassica juncea L), heavy wet mustard and mustard leaf damage   This study uses a completely randomized design with the treatment of various crops as a pesticide vegetable. The treatments used 6 kinds (degree) ie negative control (P0), the leaves of tobacco (P1), the leaves of elephantopus (P2), the leaves of yellow wood (P3), the leaves of greens betel (P4) and chemical pesticides as a positive control (P5) with each grade of 10 %. Parameters measured were mortality pests, heavy wet mustard greens and mustard greens leaf damage rate. The analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA.   The results showed that the extract from the leaves of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), the leaves of elephantopus, the leaves of yellow wood (Arcangelisia flava L.) and the leaves of green betel (Piper betle Linn.) With a 10 percent concentration of the extract on a variety of  leaves are not yet significant effect on mortality pests Plutella xylostella, heavy wet of mustard greens (brassica juncea l.) and severity of leaf mustard greens (brassica juncea l.). The leaf extract the most influence on mortality Plutella xylostella sequential is an extract of the leaves tobacco, the leaves of greens betel, the leaves of yellow wood and the leaves of elephantopus. While the effect on weight of wet mustard greens (Brassica juncea l.) in order are as follows: the leaves of yellow wood, the leaves of green betel, the leaves of elephantopus, and the leaves of tobacco. Meanwhile the level of damage to the mustard greens leaves are starting from the smallest breakdown in order are the leaves of green betel, the leaves of tobacco, the leaves of elephantopus and the leaves of yellow wood. Keywords: Pesticides Vegetable, extract, Plutella xylostella, mortality, Brassica juncea 
THE METHOD OF BASELINE MANIPULATION TO OVERCOME THE SENSOR DRIFT ON GAS SENSOR TEST FOR HERBAL DRINKS DISCRIMINATION Dyah Kurniawati Agustika; Kuwat Triyana
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 5, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (391.927 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v5i1.12667

Abstract

Abstract Gas sensor system is widely used for the detection of aroma. The main problem in this system is the sensor drift that makes poor reproducibility of the sensor. The reproducibility of the sensor can be improved by applying the feature selection of the sensor’s output response and baseline manipulation. This research focused on determining methods that can reduce the dift sensor of gas sensor by using  basaeline manipulation and selecting the optimal type of baseline manipulation when gas sensor system detects three different types of herbal drinks. The data that have been feature selected were then applied to three different types of baseline manipulation (differential, relative and fractional) and inserted into the pattern recognition system, Principal Component Analysis (PCA). From the analysis of PCA baseline manipulation that gives optimal results is differential one with the value of PC1 82.71%. This shows that differential baseline manipulation is effective in reducing the occurrence of sensor drift. Keywords: electronic nose, gas sensor, baseline manipulation, feature selection
KAJIAN ADSORPSI ION LOGAM Cr(VI) OLEH ADSORBEN KOMBINASI ARANG AKTIF SEKAM PADI DAN ZEOLIT MENGGUNAKAN METODE SOLID-PHASE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY (SPS) Saputro, Sulistyo; Masykuri, Mohammad; Mahardiani, Lina; Mulyani, Bhakti; Wahyuni, Nita Tri
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 5, No 2 (2016): October 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (262.242 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v5i2.13718

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan kombinasi arang aktif sekam padi dan zeolit sebagai adsorben dalam mengadsorpsi ion logam Cr(VI) dan mempelajari pengaruh komposisi adsorben kombinasi arang aktif sekam padi dan zeolit dalam mengadsorpsi ion logam Cr(VI), serta sensitivitas metode solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) untuk menentukan penurunan kadar ion logam Cr(VI) dalam skala μg/L. Arang aktif sekam padi yang digunakan diperoleh melalui proses aktivasi dengan perendaman dalam larutan ZnCl2 10% sedangkan zeolit menggunakan larutan H2SO4 10%. Pengontakan adsorben dengan ion logam Cr(VI) dilakukan dengan variasi komposisi adsorben arang aktif  sekam padi dan zeolit  1:1, 1:2, 1:3, dan 2:1. Analisis kadar Cr(VI) dilakukan menggunakan metode solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS). Karakterisasi arang aktif sekam padi dan zeolit dilakukan menggunakan FTIR. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kombinasi arang aktif sekam padi dan zeolit dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben dalam mengadsorpsi ion logam Cr(VI) dengan kapasitas adsorpsi 0,28 µg/g; (2) komposisi optimum adsorben adalah 1:2 dengan persentase penyerapan sebesar 40,99%; (3) solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) merupakan metode yang sensitif untuk analisis penurunan kadar  ion Cr(VI) dalam tingkat µg/L dengan Limit of Detection (LOD) sebesar 0,021 µg/L. Kata kunci : adsorpsi, Cr(VI), arang aktif sekam padi, zeolit, solid-phase spectrophotometry Abstract This study aims to study the use of activated rice husk charcoal and zeolite as combination adsorbents to adsorb Cr(VI) metal ions; the effect of the combination adsorbents of activated rice husk charcoal and zeolite’s compositions to adsorb Cr(VI) metal ions; and the sensitivity of solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) as a method to determine the reduced levels of Cr(VI) metal ions in the level of 15μ" g/L. The activated rice husk charcoal used were obtained through the activation process by soaking in a solution of ZnCl2 10% while the zeolite with a solution of H2SO4 10%. The contacting process of the adsorbents with Cr(VI) metal ions was done by varying the compositions of the activated rice husk charcoal and zeolite adsorbent, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 2:1. The data analysis of the Cr(VI) level used solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) method. Characterization of activated rice husk charcoal and zeolite used FTIR. The results showed that: (1) a combination of activated rice husk charcoal and zeolite can be used as adsorbent to adsorb Cr(VI) metal ions with the adsorption capacity was 0,28 15μ" g/g; (2) the optimum composition of adsorbents was 1:2 with the percentage of absorption was 40,99%; (3) solid-phase spectrophotometry (SPS) is a sensitive method to determine the reduced levels of Cr(VI) in the level of 15μ" g/L with the limit of detection (LOD) was 0,021 15μ" g/L. Keywords: adsorption, Cr(VI),  activated  rice husk charcoal,  zeolite, solid-phase spectrophotometry
Analisis Seismisitas dan Energi Gempabumi diKawasan Jalur Sesar OpakOyo Yogyakarta Nugroho Budi Wibowo; Juwita N S
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (932.124 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v6i2.15544

Abstract

Gempabumi yang terjadi di wilayah D.I Yogyakarta terjadi akibat aktifitas sesar yang terdapat dipermukaan, seperti Sesar Opak – Oyo, Sesar Dengkeng dan Sesar yang terdapat di Perbukitan Menoreh serta aktifitas lempeng tektonik yang terdapat di Selatan Pulau Jawa.Aktifitas sesar Opak Oyo dapat tercermin dari distribusi episenter dan energi gempabumi yang terjadi.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis energi gempabumi yang memiliki episenter disekitar Sesar Opak Oyo secara spasial dan temporal.Berdasarkandata gempabumi tahun 2008 – 2016terdapat 66 event gempabumi dengan 11 event terasa.Distribusi episenter tergambar dalam peta seismisitas dan untuk parameter tektonik digunakan metode least square.Peta seismisitas kawasan Sesar Opak Oyo menunjukkan distribusi episenter lebih banyak di sebelah Timur dan Tenggara Jalur Sesar dengan nilai b hasil perhitungan metode least square yaitu 0.4.Secara temporal, terdapat trend peningkatan kejadian dari tahun 2008 hingga 2015 dan penurunan trend kejadian gempabumi dari tahun 2015 hingga 2017. Energi yang dihasilkan dari gempa pada kawasan Sesar Opak Oyo bervariasi dari 1x105.2 – 1x1012 Joule. Sedangkan, energi yang berasosiasi dengan keberadaan Jalur Sesar Opak memiliki nilaiberkisar antara 1x105.2 – 1x109.6 Joule dengan hiposenter 10 -20 Km.Pola sebaran energi memiliki pola yang hampir sama dengan formasi geologi dikawasan tersebut. THE ANALYSIS OF SEISMICITY AND EARTHQUAKE ENERGY IN OPAK-OYA FAULT AREA YOGYAKARTA Earthquake occurred in the Region of Yogyakarta were caused by fault activities on the surface, such as Opak-Oyo Fault, Dengkeng Fault and faults in the Menoreh Hills and plate tectonic activities in South of Java. Opak-Oyo Fault activity are reflected from epicenter distribution and earthquake energy. This research aimed to analyze the earthquake energy which has epicenter around the Opak-Oyo Fault in spatial and temporal. Based on earthquake catalogue from 2008 – 2016, there were 66 earthquakes with 11 significant events. Epicenter distribution was reflected in seismicity map and for the tectonic parameter least square method was used. Seismicity map of Opak-Oyo Fault area showed that distribution of epicenter in the Eastern and Southeastern of fault line with the calculation result of b value using least square method is 0.4. In temporal, there is an increasing trend of events in 2008-2015 and declining trend of earthquake in 2015-2017. Earthquake energy that released in Opak-Oyo Fault area has varying value about 1×105.2 – 1×1012 joules. Meanwhile, the energy that associated with the existence of Opak Fault Lines has value between 1×105.2 – 1×109.6 joule with hypocenter of 10-20 km. The energy distribution has similar pattern with geological formations in that area. Keyword : Opak-Oyo Fault, epicenter, seismicity, least square, energy.
IDENTIFICATION OF 3D LEACHATE DISTRIBUTION IN SEMARANG STATE UNIVERSITY LANDFILL Tri Mugirahayu; Supriyadi Supriyadi; Fianti Fianti
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 5, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (675.438 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v5i1.12660

Abstract

Abstract Waste management system at Semarang State University (UNNES) landfill implements a system of open dumping located in Banaran, Gunungpati, Semarang City. Data from Conservation Team UNNES on December 28, 2010 about the volume of waste per day from UNNES showed that the majority of waste is organic waste. This study aims to determine of 3D distribution leachate. Resistivity geoelectrical method Schlumberger configuration is used to indicate leachate. Data collection was performed three tracks, which three tracks parallel East-West direction, with a path length of 75 m each. The profile of leachate water in the surrounding area of UNNES landfill can be observed ± 20 m depth from the surface. Data processing was performed using software Res2Dinv, Surfer 10.0, and RockWorks 15. Based on the results, resistivity of leachate is 1,87-9,9 Ωm with the direction of flow to a lower elevation areas. Keywords: geoelectrical, leachate, resistivity, Schlumberger's configuration
PENGARUH PENYISIPAN LOGAM FE DENGAN BERBAGAI VARIASI MASSA PADA LAPISAN AKTIF TITANIA TERHADAP STRUKTUR MORFOLOGI, SPEKTRUM ABSORBANSI, RESISTANSI DAN PERFORMANSI SEL SURYA YANG DIHASILKAN Rita Prasetyowati; Laila Katriani; Windya Setya Ningtias
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 5, No 2 (2016): October 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (539.597 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v5i2.13712

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyisipan logam Fe dengan berbagai variasi massa terhadap struktur morfologi lapisan titania, spektrum absorbansi lapisan titania, resistansi lapisan titania, dan performansi (tegangan) sel surya. Preparasi lapisan titania-besi (TiO2) menjadi bentuk pasta dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode sol-gel. Pasta titania-besi dideposisikan pada elektroda transparan (Indium Tin Oxide) dengan metode doctor blade. Dilakukan lima variasi massa Fe yang disisipkan pada 1 g lapisan titania aktif, yaitu 0,050; 0,075; 0,100; 0,125; dan 0,150 g. Hasil analisis SEM menunjukkan bahwa penyisipan logam Fe tidak mempengaruhi struktur morfologi lapisan titania, meskipun hasil EDS menunjukkan adanya logam Fe pada lapisan titania tersebut. Lapisan TiO2  dan lapisan TiO2-Fe dapat menyerap cahaya dengan baik pada panjang gelombang 200–390 nm dan pada panjang gelombang 650–800 nm. Lapisan TiO2-Fe memiliki nilai absorbansi yang lebih besar daripada lapisan TiO2. Nilai resistansi untuk lapisan TiO2 yaitu 3.190 Ω. Sedangkan nilai resistansi untuk lapisan titania sampel 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 secara berturut-turut adalah 3188,49; 3188,40; 3188,39; 3187,98 dan 3184.87Ω. Besarnya tegangan sel surya yang menggunakan lapisan titania sampel 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 secara berturut-turut adalah 0,370; 0,398; 0,334; 0,488; dan 0,545 Volt.Kata kunci: titania, besi, struktur morfologi, absorbansi, resistansi, tegangan, sel surya Abstract This study aims to determine the effect of Fe metal insertion with a variety of mass to the morphological structure, absorbance spectrum, the resistance, and solar cells performance. Preparation of TiO2-Fe to form a paste made using sol-gel method. Pasta TiO2-Fe deposited on a transparent electrode (Indium Tin Oxide) with a doctor blade method. There were five variations of mass Fe is pasted on a layer of 1 g titania, namely 0.050; 0.075; 0.100; 0.125; and 0.150 g. SEM analysis showed that the insertion Fe on titania layer does not affect the structure morphology of the titania, even the EDS results showed that the composition of TiO2-Fe contains Ti element. A layer of TiO2 and Fe-TiO2 coating can absorb light very well at a wavelength of 200-390 nm and at a wavelength of 650-800 nm. TiO2-Fe layers have absorbance values greater than the TiO2 layer. The resistance value for TiO2 layer is 3,190 Ω. While the resistance value for titania coating samples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively are 3,188.49; 3,188.40; 3,188.39; 3,187.98 and 3,184.87Ω. The magnitude of the voltage solar cells that use titania coating samples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are 0.370, 0.398, 0.334, 0.488 and 0.545 volt, respectively. Keywords: titania, iron, structure morphology, absorbance, resistance, voltage, solar cells
Simulasi Aliran Fluida Yang Disertai Pertukaran Panas Menggunakan Metode Finite Volume Particle (FVP) Rida SN Mahmudah; Denny Darmawan; Koji Morita
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1956.841 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v6i2.11751

Abstract

Pertukaran panas yang melibatkan perubahan fasa pada fluida mengalir merupakan fenomena penting dalam bidang sains dan rekayasa. Beberapa metode komputasi dinamika fluida telah dikembangkan untuk mensimulasikan fenomena ini, baik yang berbasis kisi maupun tanpa kisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat simulasi aliran fluida yang disertai aliran panas dengan menggunakan metode Finite Volume Particle (FVP). Mula-mula, dibuat kode simulasi pertukaran panas yang disebabkan oleh konduksi pada rongga persegi dan memvalidasi hasilnya dengan solusi analitis konduksi panas 1D. Dari proses validasi ini, diketahui bahwa hasil simulasi dan solusi analitis menunjukkan kesesuaian yang sangat baik. Kode yang sudah divalidasi ini kemudian dikembangkan untuk mensimulasikan pertukaran panas yang disebabkan oleh aliran fluida (konveksi). Hasil dari simulasi konveksi ini dibandingkan secara kualitatif dengan referensi dan menunjukkan hasil yang memuaskan. Dengan demikian, pada penelitian ini telah dihasilkan kode simulasi pertukaran panas karena konduksi dan konveksi dengan metode FVP yang telah tervalidasi dengan baik.  FLUID FLOWS SIMULATION WITH HEAT TRANSFER USING FINITE VOLUME PARTICLE (FVP) METHODHeat transfer involving phase change on flowing fluids is an important phenomena in science and engineering. Several methods on computational fluid dynamics has been developed to simulate this phenomena, either with mesh and/or meshless-based methods. This research is aimed to build a simulation code to simulate fluid flows with heat transfer using Finite Volume Particle (FVP) method. First, a simulation code simulating heat transfer due to conduction in a square cavity was built, and the results were validated with analytical solution of 1D heat conduction. This validation results showed a reasonably good agreement between simulation result and analytical solution. This validated code then was improved to simulate heat transfer due to fluid flows (convection). Results from this convection simulation was compared qualitatively with reference and showed good agreement. Therefor, this research has resulted in simulation code of heat transfer due to conduction and convection with FVP method and has been fairly validated.Key words: fluid flow simulation, heat transfer, finite volume particle method
REGENERATING CODETECHNIQUE IN DISTRIBUTED STORAGE Agus Maman Abadi; Karyati Karyati; Musthofa Musthofa; Emut Emut
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 5, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (648.394 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v5i1.12669

Abstract

Abstract The Increasing need of storing large amounts of data presents a new challenge. One way to address this challenge is to use distributed data storage system. One of the strategies implemented in the distributed data storage system is using the technique of regenerating code. The code used in this technique is based on the algebraic structure of fields. Some studies have also been carried out to create code that is based on the other algebraic structure namely module. In this study, we attempted to assess the implementation of the code module at regenerating technique code. The study showed there is a potential properties code based on module that can be used in regenerating code technique. Keywords: Distributed storage, regenerating code technique, module code
PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI NANOPARTIKEL EKSTRAK ETANOL TEMU KUNCI (Boesenbergia pandurata) PADA BERBAGAI VARIASI KOMPOSISI KITOSAN Dessy Kurniasari; Sri Atun
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 6, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (461.388 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v6i1.13610

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat dan mengetahui karakteristik nanopartikel dari ekstrak etanol temu kunci (Boesenbergia pandurata) dan rasio optimal variasi konsentrasi kitosan dan NaTPP dalam pembuatan nanopartikel temu kunci.            Pembuatan ekstrak temu kunci (Boesenbergia pandurata) menggunakan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol teknis 96% dilanjutkan evaporasi hingga terbentuk ekstrak kental temu kunci. Koloid nanopartikel dibuat dengan mencampurkan ekstrak temu kunci dalam etanol p.a, akuades, larutan kitosan dalam asam asetat glasial, dan larutan NaTPP. Ada 9 variasi komposisi antara larutan kitosan dan  NaTPP yakni rasio (5:1); (10:1); (15:1); (20:1); (3,33:1); (8:1); (9:1); (11:1); dan (12:1). Padatan dalam koloid nanopartikel dipisahkan dengan cara sentrifugasi. Endapan yang didapatkan disimpan dalam freezer. Koloid nanopartikel yang terbentuk dikarakterisasi menggunakan Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) dan Zeta Sizeruntuk mengetahui ukuran partikel dan nilai zeta potensial. Padatan yang didapatkan dari proses sentrifugasi selanjutnya dikarakterisasi menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) untuk mengetahui kondisi morfologi padatan tersebut. Karakterisasi dengan KLT pada padatan yang didapatkan bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesamaan kandungan senyawa antara ekstrak etanol temu kunci dan ekstrak etanol temu kunci dalam sediaan berukuran nano.            Koloid nanopartikel yang telah dibuat berwarna kuning dan setelah di sentrifugasi terbentuk padatan berwarna kuning kecokelatan. Karakterisasi menggunakan PSA menunjukkan ukuran partikel pada rentang 389-877 nm sebanyak 98,1% pada rasio konsentrasi kitosan dan NaTPP = (8:1). Nilai rerata zeta potensial adalah 41,87 mV. Hasil foto SEM menunjukkan morfologi partikel yang memiliki permukaan yang tidak rata. Rf keenam sampel menunjukkan hasil bahwa senyawa yang terkandung dalam ekstrak etanol temu kunci maupun ekstrak etanol temu kunci dalam sediaan nanopartikel adalah sama. Kata Kunci : kitosan, NaTPP, ekstrak etanol temu kunci, KLT, SEM, PSA, zeta sizer
PENGARUH GUGUS p-METOKSI PADA REAKSI KONDENSASI CLAYSEN-SCHMIDT MENGGUNAKAN METODA GRINDING Karim Theresih; Cornelia Budimarwanti
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 5, No 2 (2016): October 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (507.686 KB) | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v5i2.13719

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis senyawa dibenzalaseton, 4-metoksikalkon dan dianizalaseton melalui reaksi kondensasi Claysen Schmidt menggunakan metode grinding dan mengetahui pengaruh gugus p-metoksi pada reaksi tersebut. Sintesis dibenzalaseton menggunakan benzaldehida, aseton, dan NaOH. Senyawa 4-metoksikhalkon disintesis dari campuran 4-metoksibenzaldehida, asetofenon, dan NaOH. Sedangkan sintesis senyawa dianisalseton melalui reaksi Claysen-schmidt antara aseton, anisaldehid, dan katalis basa NaOH dengan perbandingan mol yang digunakan secara berturut-turut 2:1:2. Sintesis dilakukan dengan metode grinding bebas pelarut. Bahan dasar dan katalis digerus secara bersamaan dalam mortir selama 15 menit hingga membentuk pasta yang dikeringkan dan direkristalisasi. Ketiga senyawa hasil yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi menggunakan KLT, FTIR, dan GC-MS. Berdasarkan  hasil analisis FTIR dan GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa dibenzalaseton, 4-metoksikhalkon dan dianizalaseton dapat disintesis dan memiliki rendemen berturut-turut 59,93 %, 86,21 % dan 70,39 %.  Ada  pengaruh gugus p-metoksi pada reaksi kondensasi Claysen-Schmidt pada sintesis senyawa dibenzalaseton, 4-metoksikalkon dan dianizalaseton menggunakan metoda Grinding.Kata kunci : dibenzalaseton, 4-metoksikhalkon , dianizalaseton , metode grinding Abstract This research aims to synthesize the compound dibenzalaceton, 4-methoksikalkon and dianisalaceton through Claysen Schmidt condensation reaction with grinding method and to determine the effect of p-methoxy groups on the reaction. Dibenzalaceton compound was synthesized from benzaldehyde, acetone, and NaOH. Synthesis of compound 4-metoksikhalkon was done using 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, acetophenone, and NaOH. Dianisalceton compound was synthesized through Claysen-schmidt reaction between acetone, anisaldehide, and the catalysts NaOH. This synthesis were performed through solvent-free grinding method. Catalyst base material and simultaneously crushed in mortar for 15 minutes to form a paste. The pasta is dried and recrystallized. The resulted compounds were characterized by TLC, FTIR and GC-MS. Based on the results of the analysis of FTIR and GC-MS showed that dibenzalaceton, 4-methoksikhalkon and dianisalaceton can be synthesized and have succession yield 59.93%, 86.21% and 70.39% . There is the influence of p-methoxy groups in a condensation reaction Claysen-Schmidt on the synthesis of compounds dibenzalaceton, 4-methoksikhalkon and dianizalaceton use grinding method. Keywords: dibenzalaceton, 4-methoksikhalkon, dianizalaceton, grinding method

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