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INDONESIA
Jurnal Sains Dasar
Published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
ISSN : 20859872     EISSN : 24431273     DOI : 10.21831
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 237 Documents
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BIODEGRADASI MASKER MEDIS DAN NONMEDIS MENGGUNAKAN ISOLAT BAKTERI DALAM KOLOM WINOGRADSKY Ambarwati, Nella Sri
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 13, No 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v13i1.65994

Abstract

Sampah masker merupakan sampah infeksius dan sulit terurai di alam sehingga dampaknya berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Salah satu strategi untuk mengendalikan dampak sampah masker adalah biodegradasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan degradasi masker medis dan nonmedis oleh 2 isolat bakteri terseleksi sebagai pendegradasi masker dalam kolom winogradsky yang diinkubasi pada kondisi lingkungan berbeda. Kolom winogradsky diinkubasi selama 40 hari dengan parameter yang diukur adalah jumlah dan kerapatan bakteri, pH, dan kehilangan massa masker setelah inkubasi. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA α=0,05 menunjukkan bahwa jenis inokulum dan kondisi lingkungan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai degradasi masker medis dan nonmedis. Uji DMRT menunjukkan bahwa inokulum terbaik dalam mendegradasi masker yaitu pada kondisi terang yaitu konsorsium AB dengan rerata persentase degradasi masker medis dan nonmedis secara berurutan 1,9% dan 3,24%, diikuti inokulum A sebesar 1,84% dan 2,69%; inokulum B sebesar 0,97% dan 1,29%. Setelah uji biodegradasi selama 40 hari terlihat bahwa inokulum A, B, AB, dan kontrol lumpur steril secara berurutan memiliki rerata jumlah koloni 2,95 x 1012 CFU/ml, 7,35 x 1011 CFU/ml, 5,96 x 1012 CFU/ml, dan 0 CFU/ml. Sementara itu, rerata nilai opticl density secara berurutan juga yaitu 0,240; 0,235; 0,249; dan 0,105.Kata kunci: Biodegradasi, masker, kolom winogradsky
DEVELOPMENT OF AMMONIA GAS SENSOR BASED ON QUART CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE Katriani, Laila
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol 13, No 2 (2024): Oktober 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jsd.v13i2.77623

Abstract

Ammonia gas sensor was developed and analyzed using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) coated with Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) that was overlied by Chitosan. The fabrication process included the electrospinning method to produce nanofiber PVAc on the surface of a QCM. The chitosan solution was diluted to concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 wt%. Subsequently, the chitosan deposition was performed using the drop casting technique on QCM-PVAc. The QCM-PVAc/Chitosan 0.3% composite exhibits a sensitivity of 1.7 Hz ppm-1. Additionally, it demonstrates a linearity of 0.99 within the concentration range of 50 to 500 ppm. In the present study, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were determined to be 0,94 ppm and 2,86 ppm, respectively. The response time of the system was measured to be 7 seconds, indicating a relatively quick detection capability. Furthermore, the sensor exhibited stability during the course of the experiment. Notably, it demonstrated high selectivity towards ethanol, toluene, methanol, acetone, and water molecules. The incorporation of chitosan by drop casting has resulted in enhanced selectivity and sensitivity of the sensor.bstract in English.
Isolation and Identification of Profenofos Pesticide-Tolerant Bacteria from Agriculture Land in Sleman Regency Pertiwi, Melania Citra; Rakhmawati, Anna; Octavia, Bernadetta; Aminatun, Tien; Suhartini
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Abstract

The intensive application of organophosphate pesticides containing profenofos as the active compound may lead to soil contamination and the emergence of pesticide-tolerant bacterial strains with potential for bioremediation. Comprehensive identification and characterization of these bacteria are crucial to support sustainable agricultural and environmental management practices. The aim of the study is to analyze the characteristics and identify indigenous bacteria tolerant to profenofos pesticide in Sleman agricultural land, DIY. This study is qualitative research using an exploratory-descriptive. Isolation was carried out by dilution to a level of 10-7 followed by a spread plate on Mineral Salt Medium (MSM) which was given with 100 ppm profenofos pesticide. Bacterial isolates were characterized and then identified using profile matching with reference genera. Based on the results of the study, it is found that 10 bacterial isolates tolerant to organophosphate pesticide with the active ingredient profenofos that have a similarity index of ≥70%. Based on the reference bacteria, 5 different genera are obtained, namely Paracoccus (D3, D8), Micrococcus (D5, D6, D9), Enterococcus (D2, D10), Arthrobacter (D1, D4), and Neisseria (D7). The bacterial isolates obtained have different characteristics. The characteristics of these bacteria are gram positive and negative bacteria with round, irregular, and rhizoid shapes. Their margins are lobate, curled, entire, undulate, and ciliate. Their elevations are umbonate, raised, and flat. The color of the bacteria is white to light orange, with various physiological test results.
Selection of Cellulolytic Bacteria Found in Mask Waste from Wana Tirta Mangrove Pramesti, Ariska Hanum; Octavia, Bernadetta
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Abstract

The amount of mask waste has increased significantly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Mask waste can be found everywhere, likewise in Wana Tirta Mangrove. Its existence in the mangrove ecosystem, making mask waste, has the potential for cellulolytic bacteria. The purpose of this study is to determine the cellulase enzyme activity, characteristics, and genus of purified cellulolytic bacteria found in mask waste from Wana Tirta Mangrove. The method used in this study was qualitative research. The samples for this research were bacterial isolates from mask waste, which had previously been isolated from the Wana Tirta Mangrove. Samples were grown on CMC media to determine isolates that were included in cellulolytic bacteria. The cellulase activity of cellulolytic bacteria was tested qualitatively and quantitatively. Morphological, physiological and biochemical tests were carried out to obtain phenetic characters which were then used as the basis for determining the genus of cellulolytic bacteria. The results showed that 10 isolates were cellulolytic bacteria. The highest activity of cellulase enzyme qualitatively was produced by isolate 72 with a value of 0.466 mm, while the highest activity of cellulase enzyme quantitatively was produced by isolate 84 with a value of 0.931 U/ml. The dendrogram result showed 4 genera of cellulolytic bacteria, including Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, Cellulomonas, and Aeromonas.
Reduction of the Heavy Metal Mercury (Hg) from Paningkaban Gold Mining Tailings, Bayumas, with Ageratum Conyzoides Althaaf, Nabila Tsabita; Aminatun, Tien; Rakhmawati, Anna; Atun, Sri
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Gold is a fairly large contributor to Indonesia's foreign exchange. The area that has the potential to have minerals is Banyumas Regency. This area has been indicated to have gold mineral reserves of around 16,000 hectares. Until now, the gold processing process still uses mercury, which produces negative impacts such as post-mining waste containing heavy metal mercury (Hg), which can cause environmental damage. Environmental damage that arises, such as pollution of the soil and water environment, due to the gold bioleaching process that is disposed of without any treatment. One alternative that can be used to overcome this problem is by using hyperaccumulator plants. One plant that falls into the hyperaccumulator category is the bandotan plant (Ageratum conyzoides), because it is often found in gold mining areas contaminated with mercury. Mercury contamination will be absorbed from the environment into the body of Ageratum conyzoides through membranes and converted into less toxic substances. The aim of this research is to determine the ability of the Ageratum conyzoides plant as a phytoremediation agent in reducing mercury metal (Hg) in tailings from Paningkaban Village, Banyumas. There are two treatments, namely the planting media used with 2 kg of tailings soil and 2 kg of planting media mixed with tailings and compost. The mixture ratio between tailings and compost is 1:1. Each treatment, consisting of three replications, was observed using plant growth parameters (plant height and number of leaves), as well as control parameters (edaphic and microclimatic). The results of the research show that the Ageratum conyzoides plant is a phytoremediation agent that can reduce levels of the heavy metal mercury (Hg) in the planting medium of mining tailings soil from Paningkaban Village, because it gives test results of BCF values > 1 and TF < 1, which indicates that the Ageratum conyzoides plant has potential as a phytostabilizing agent.
Stingles Bee Propolis Extract as An Active Ingredient in Antibacterial Ointment Formula Arrijal, Nail Zufar; Fauziyyah, Fadhilah Fida; Sugiarto, Eko; Hayati, Septi Nur; Rizal, Wahyu Anggo
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Stingless bees, also known as kelulut or klanceng (in local languages), are now widely cultivated in Indonesia. Stingless bees produce honey and propolis, which is the residue from honey extraction and is more abundant than honey itself. In this study, the processing of honey sacs or propolis into active ingredients for antibacterial ointments was optimized, specifically to address skin diseases caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. Propolis was extracted using aqua dest and 96% ethanol and optimized using three methods, namely sonication, maceration, and decoction, and antibacterial testing was carried out on S. aureus and S. mutans test bacteria. Antibacterial testing was carried out on the extracts using the diffusion method and the microdilution method. The results of the testing showed that propolis extract was most effectively extracted with water solvent, which had a bacterial inhibition concentration of 1,000–8,000 μg/mL. Water-based propolis extract can be used as a raw material for antibacterial ointments with a usage concentration of 5–15% and has been proven effective in inhibiting bacterial growth as observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
Connectivity Indices of Power Graphs over Dihedral Groups of a Certain Order Munandar, Arif
Jurnal Sains Dasar Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Abstract

The dihedral group is a mathematical structure generated by rotational and reflection symmetries. In this study, the representation of the group is described using a power graph, where all elements of the group are treated as vertices, and two distinct elements are considered adjacent when one is a power of the other. By analyzing the structural patterns of the resulting power graphs, various connectivity indices can be determined, particularly for dihedral groups whose orders are powers of a prime number. This research focuses on six specific connectivity indices: the first Zagreb index, the second Zagreb index, the Wiener index, the hyper-Wiener index, the Harary index, and the Szeged index.

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