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Evoking Huntington: Albania’s Democratic Transition and the Revival of Religious Freedom Tarifa, Fatos; Todhri, Fiona
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/n590qj07

After nearly half a century of totalitarian atheism, Albania’s transition to democracy in 1991 represented one of the most complex transformations in post-communist Eastern Europe. Framed within Samuel Huntington’s ‘third wave’ of democratization, this study revisits Albania’s early years of political transition to analyze the intertwined processes of democratic change and religious revival. The aim of this research is to understand how U.S. foreign policy, particularly through diplomatic and symbolic interventions, contributed to shaping Albania’s democratization and restoration of freedom of conscience. Using a qualitative historical-political approach, the study relies on library research that integrates primary sources—including diplomatic archives, official speeches, and media documents—with secondary literature from Scopus-indexed journals and academic books. Data were thematically analyzed across six interpretive clusters, connecting political, social, and religious dimensions of Albania’s transformation. The findings reveal that U.S. diplomatic engagement, especially Secretary James Baker’s 1991 visit, catalyzed pro-democracy movements and symbolized external support for Albania’s reentry into the democratic world, while the revival of religion expanded civil liberties and strengthened pluralism. The implication of this research is that international pressure, moral encouragement, and religious freedom jointly served as enduring safeguards against authoritarian relapse and remain essential to Albania’s democratic consolidation. Setelah hampir setengah abad hidup di bawah rezim ateis totaliter, transisi demokrasi Albania pada tahun 1991 menjadi salah satu perubahan politik dan sosial paling kompleks di Eropa Timur pascakomunis. Berangkat dari kerangka ‘gelombang ketiga’ demokratisasi yang dikemukakan Samuel Huntington, penelitian ini meninjau kembali tahun-tahun awal transisi politik Albania untuk memahami kaitan antara perubahan demokratis dan kebangkitan kehidupan beragama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan bagaimana kebijakan luar negeri Amerika Serikat, melalui diplomasi dan simbol-simbol politik, berperan dalam mendorong demokratisasi sekaligus memulihkan kebebasan berkeyakinan di Albania. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis historis-politik melalui studi pustaka yang menggabungkan sumber primer—seperti arsip diplomatik, pidato resmi, dan laporan media—dengan literatur akademik terkini. Data dianalisis secara tematik melalui enam klaster utama yang menghubungkan dimensi politik, sosial, dan keagamaan dalam proses transformasi Albania. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan diplomatik Amerika Serikat, terutama melalui kunjungan bersejarah James Baker pada tahun 1991, menjadi katalis bagi gerakan pro-demokrasi dan menandai dukungan internasional bagi kembalinya Albania ke dunia demokratis, sementara kebangkitan agama memperluas kebebasan sipil dan memperkuat pluralisme. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah bahwa tekanan internasional, dukungan moral, dan kebebasan beragama menjadi pilar penting bagi keberlanjutan demokrasi dan konsolidasi politik di Albania.

Modest Modernities: Muslim Identity, Globalisation, and Urban Transformation in Indonesia Luhuringbudi, Teguh; Kurniawan, Edi; Ahmad, Humaira; Muhtar, Amin; R. M. Imam Abdillah
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/tkcp7204

Global neoliberalism and rapid urbanization have transformed cities worldwide, redefining social life and religious identities. In Jakarta, Indonesia’s capital, these forces have intensified through economic growth, migration, and global connectivity, challenging the Muslim majority to sustain their faith within a consumerist and market-driven urban order. This study aims to analyze how neoliberal policies and globalization shape the social and cultural dynamics of Muslims in Jakarta and how they negotiate and adapt their identities amid modern urban transformation. Employing a qualitative descriptive design, this research relies on literature review and document analysis of official statistical reports and scholarly works on Jakarta’s socio-economic context. Data were analyzed thematically following Mezmir’s framework, involving coding, theme clustering, and narrative construction to interpret the relationship between urban transformation, neoliberalism, and Muslim identity. The findings reveal that Muslim identity in Jakarta is not eroded but hybridized—integrating Islamic ethics with modern practices such as digital zakat, halal lifestyle consumption, and mosque-based social welfare systems. These adaptations show resilience, creativity, and negotiation between religious tradition and global modernity. The implication of this study is the need for inclusive urban policies that protect religious practices, promote social equity, and strengthen community solidarity amid neoliberal pressures. Neoliberalisme global dan urbanisasi yang cepat telah mengubah wajah kota-kota di seluruh dunia, sekaligus memengaruhi kehidupan sosial dan identitas keagamaan masyarakat. Di Jakarta, sebagai ibu kota Indonesia, kekuatan tersebut semakin terasa melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi, arus migrasi, dan keterhubungan global yang tinggi. Kondisi ini menantang masyarakat Muslim untuk tetap mempertahankan nilai-nilai keagamaannya di tengah budaya kota yang kompetitif dan konsumtif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana kebijakan neoliberal dan globalisasi membentuk dinamika sosial dan budaya umat Muslim di Jakarta serta bagaimana mereka menegosiasikan dan menyesuaikan identitasnya di tengah transformasi kota modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur dan analisis dokumen yang terkait kondisi sosial-ekonomi Jakarta. Data dianalisis dengan metode tematik berdasarkan kerangka Mezmir, melalui proses pengkodean, pengelompokan tema, dan penyusunan narasi untuk menafsirkan hubungan antara transformasi kota, neoliberalisme, dan identitas Muslim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa identitas Muslim di Jakarta tidak hilang, tetapi bertransformasi menjadi bentuk hibrid yang memadukan etika Islam dengan praktik modern seperti zakat digital, gaya hidup halal, dan solidaritas sosial berbasis masjid. Adaptasi ini menunjukkan ketahanan dan kreativitas umat Muslim dalam menghadapi modernitas. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah pentingnya kebijakan kota yang inklusif, yang mampu melindungi praktik keagamaan, memperkuat keadilan sosial, dan mendorong solidaritas komunitas di tengah tekanan neoliberal.

Charisma, Symbols, and Pesantren Nationalism: Mbah Liem and NKRI Harga Mati Baskoro, Aji
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jsr.v20i2.3253

Pesantren play a vital role in shaping social morality, religious authority, and civic orientation in Indonesia, particularly as religious values and nationalism continue to be negotiated in public life. This study aims to analyze how Mbah Liem’s religious authority and nationalist vision were constructed, remembered, and institutionalized through Pondok Pesantren Al Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti and its social practices. This study employs a systematic qualitative review approach. Data were collected through literature searches on Google Scholar, Garuda, and DOAJ, complemented by backward and forward citation tracking of key sources. The data were analyzed using thematic synthesis through initial coding, thematic grouping, cross study comparison, and the formulation of social mechanisms linking actors, symbols, practices, and social effects. The findings show that pesantren nationalism in the case of Mbah Liem was not produced merely through political slogans, but through charismatic authority, institutional discipline, symbolic production, religious national boundary work, and social networks. The slogan “NKRI Harga Mati” gained its force because it was attached to Mbah Liem’s reputation, repeated within pesantren practices, and validated through wider public encounters. The implication of this study is that the sociology of religion needs to pay closer attention to how charisma, symbols, and institutional practices in pesantren produce civic belonging in Indonesian Muslim society. Pesantren memiliki peran penting dalam membentuk moralitas sosial, otoritas keagamaan, dan orientasi kewargaan di Indonesia, terutama ketika nilai agama dan nasionalisme terus dinegosiasikan dalam kehidupan publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana otoritas keagamaan dan visi kebangsaan Mbah Liem dikonstruksi, diingat, dan dilembagakan melalui Pondok Pesantren Al Muttaqien Pancasila Sakti serta praktik sosialnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan kualitatif sistematik. Data dikumpulkan melalui penelusuran literatur pada Google Scholar, Garuda, dan DOAJ, serta dilengkapi dengan backward dan forward citation tracking terhadap sumber kunci. Data dianalisis menggunakan sintesis tematik melalui coding awal, pengelompokan tema, perbandingan lintas studi, dan perumusan mekanisme sosial yang menghubungkan aktor, simbol, praktik, dan efek sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nasionalisme pesantren dalam kasus Mbah Liem tidak hanya dibentuk melalui slogan politik, tetapi melalui otoritas karismatik, disiplin institusional, produksi simbol, kerja batas religius-kebangsaan, dan jejaring sosial. Slogan “NKRI Harga Mati” memperoleh kekuatan karena dilekatkan pada reputasi Mbah Liem, diulang dalam praktik pesantren, dan divalidasi melalui perjumpaan publik yang lebih luas. Implikasi penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya sosiologi agama dalam memahami bagaimana karisma, simbol, dan praktik kelembagaan pesantren memproduksi keterikatan kewargaan dalam masyarakat Muslim Indonesia.

Interreligious Dialogue in Indonesia: Reading Fakfak’s Interfaith Experiences Through Paul F. Knitter Ngabalin, Marthinus; Lattu, Izak Y.M; Listyani, Listyani
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jsr.v20i2.3502

Interreligious dialogue has become an urgent necessity in plural societies because social peace cannot be sustained through formal tolerance alone, but must also be grounded in shared everyday practices rooted in local culture. This study aims to analyse the relevance and implementation of Paul F. Knitter’s thought in the socio-religious life of the people of Fakfak. This research employs a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach to understand the meanings, social practices, and value systems that support interreligious dialogue in Fakfak Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving religious leaders and customary leaders selected purposively. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of attending to experience, transcribing experience, analysing experience, and reading experience, and was further strengthened by the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes data reduction, data display, and verification. The findings show that interreligious dialogue in Fakfak is concretely manifested through the practices of Gereja Maghi and Mesjid Maghi, interfaith mutual cooperation in the construction of houses of worship, reciprocal participation in religious celebrations, and kinship relations across different faiths. The study also reveals that the philosophy of Satu Tungku Tiga Batu, together with the values of Idu-idu, Mani-Nina, and Jojor, serves as a socio-cultural foundation that reinforces interreligious harmony. The implication of this study is that the strengthening of interreligious harmony in Indonesia needs to be built through the integration of interfaith dialogue and local wisdom as a contextual and sustainable social praxis. Dialog antaragama menjadi kebutuhan penting dalam masyarakat majemuk karena perdamaian sosial tidak cukup dibangun melalui toleransi formal, tetapi juga melalui praktik hidup bersama yang berakar pada budaya lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis relevansi dan implementasi pemikiran Paul F. Knitter dalam kehidupan sosial-keagamaan masyarakat Fakfak, Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi untuk memahami makna, praktik sosial, dan sistem nilai yang menopang dialog antaragama di Kabupaten Fakfak. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi terhadap tokoh agama serta tokoh adat yang dipilih secara purposif. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan attending to experience, transcribing experience, analyzing experience, dan reading experience, lalu diperdalam dengan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dialog antaragama di Fakfak terwujud secara nyata melalui praktik Gereja Maghi dan Mesjid Maghi, gotong royong lintas agama dalam pembangunan rumah ibadah, partisipasi timbal balik dalam perayaan keagamaan, serta relasi kekeluargaan lintas iman. Temuan ini juga menegaskan bahwa falsafah Satu Tungku Tiga Batu, bersama nilai Idu-idu, Mani-Nina, dan Jojor, menjadi fondasi sosial-kultural yang memperkuat harmoni antarumat beragama. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penguatan kerukunan antarumat beragama di Indonesia perlu dibangun melalui integrasi dialog lintas iman dan kearifan lokal sebagai praksis sosial yang kontekstual dan berkelanjutan.

The Essence of the Middle Class: A Review of Poulantzas’s Classes in Contemporary Capitalism Badridduja, Faiz
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/neyfwp94

Extract This review examines Nicos Poulantzas’s Classes in Contemporary Capitalism as an important work for understanding the relationship between social class, state apparatuses, and the dynamics of modern capitalism. Poulantzas argues that social class cannot be understood solely in economic terms, but must also be analysed through political, ideological, and class struggle dimensions. He further shows that state apparatuses, especially ideological apparatuses such as education, religion, and the media, play a central role in maintaining and reproducing class positions within capitalist society. Through his discussion of the bourgeoisie, the contradictions of monopoly capitalism, and the dilemma of the new petty bourgeoisie, the book offers a sharp framework for interpreting the middle class as a significant buffer group that lacks full political and ideological autonomy. In the Indonesian context, Poulantzas’s ideas are particularly relevant for understanding the Muslim middle class, which has developed through Islamic education, pesantren, digital media, religious lifestyles, and the commodification of religion. The book is therefore valuable not only for reading European capitalism, but also for providing a theoretical foundation for interpreting contemporary socio religious phenomena in Indonesia.

Contested Gus Titles in Mediatized Public Culture: A Weberian Analysis of the Gus Through the Gus Miftah Controversy Ma'rufah, Umi; Ramdhani, Tri Cahya
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jsr.v20i2.3559

In contemporary Javanese Muslim society, the title Gus functions as a marker of religious distinction rooted in pesantren tradition, yet it now circulates within a public sphere that is increasingly mediatized and politicized. This study aims to explain how the title Gus works as a source of symbolic legitimacy that is produced, recognized, contested, and translated into public authority through the case of Gus Miftah, with reference to Max Weber’s typology of authority. This study employs a qualitative design based on document analysis by taking the issue of the title Gus in relation to Gus Miftah. Data were collected from secondary sources, such as scholarly works, books, journal articles, online news reports, and digital materials, which were selected purposively based on relevance, their connection to claims about authority and legitimacy, and public traceability. The analysis was conducted through repeated reading, thematic grouping, and Weberian interpretation, by comparing diverse types of sources to strengthen the credibility of the analysis. The findings show that the title Gus operates as inherited symbolic legitimacy that provides an initial basis for recognition, but its effectiveness depends on performance and circulation in public arenas. The issue of the title Gus in the case of Gus Miftah shows that when the title enters broader public spaces and political networks, legitimacy becomes open to dispute and forms a hybrid configuration of traditional prestige, charismatic visibility, and limited legal rational recognition. The implication of this study is the need to examine religious titles as mechanisms of legitimacy that are negotiated in digital and political public spheres. Gelar Gus dalam masyarakat Muslim Jawa kontemporer berfungsi sebagai penanda distingsi religius yang berakar pada tradisi pesantren, namun kini beredar dalam ruang publik yang semakin termediatisasi dan terpolitisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana gelar Gus bekerja sebagai sumber legitimasi simbolik yang diproduksi, diakui, diperdebatkan, dan diterjemahkan menjadi otoritas publik melalui kasus Gus Miftah dengan rujukan tipologi otoritas Max Weber. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kualitatif berbasis analisis dokumen dengan mengambil isu gelar Gus pada Gus Miftah. Data dikumpulkan dari sumber sekunder, seperti karya ilmiah, buku, artikel jurnal, laporan berita daring, dan materi digital yang dipilih secara purposif berdasarkan relevansi, keterkaitan dengan klaim otoritas/legitimasi, dan keterlacakan publik. Analisis dilakukan melalui pembacaan berulang, pengelompokan tematik, serta interpretasi Weberian, dengan membandingkan beragam jenis sumber untuk memperkuat kredibilitas analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gelar Gus beroperasi sebagai legitimasi simbolik yang diwariskan dan memberi basis awal pengakuan, tetapi efektivitasnya bergantung pada performa dan sirkulasi dalam arena publik. Isu gelar 'Gus' pada Gus Miftah memperlihatkan bahwa ketika gelar memasuki ruang publik luas dan jejaring politik, legitimasi menjadi terbuka untuk dipersoalkan dan membentuk konfigurasi hibrid antara prestise tradisional, visibilitas karismatik, dan pengakuan legal-rasional yang terbatas. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah perlunya mengkaji gelar religius sebagai mekanisme legitimasi yang dinegosiasikan di ruang publik digital dan politik.

Celebrating Difference: Eid al Fitr, Social Cohesion, and Religious Moderation in Magelang, Indonesia Gunawan
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jsr.v20i2.3611

In Indonesia, the celebration of Eid al Fitr in a plural and complex society is not only a religious ritual for Muslims, but can also serve as a social space that strengthens cohesion and tolerance across identities. This study aims to analyse how the celebration of Eid al Fitr in Magelang, Indonesia, fosters interreligious harmony while renewing social attachment across identities through perceptions, values, and religious practices in the midst of diversity. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through observation of the sequence of Eid al Fitr celebrations, including takbiran, the Eid prayer, halalbihalal, and house to house visits, as well as in depth interviews with key informants who directly experienced the dynamics of Lebaran visits and interreligious relations. The data were analysed iteratively through repeated reading, thematic grouping, and interpretation using Émile Durkheim’s framework of social solidarity, particularly mechanical solidarity, organic solidarity, and collective effervescence. The findings show that Eid al Fitr in Desa Pepe functions not only as a spiritual obligation, but also as a social mechanism that strengthens cohesion through shared emotions, norms of respect, and repeated social exchange. The findings also reveal that interreligious harmony is sustained through institutionalised coexistence and the negotiation of boundaries that preserve peaceful relations without blurring the distinct religious identities of each group. This study contributes to the strengthening of the sociology of religion, particularly in understanding religious ritual as a social practice that shapes interaction, identity, and shared life in a plural society. Di Indonesia, perayaan Idul Fitri di masyarakat yang majemuk dan kompleks tidak hanya menjadi ritus keagamaan umat Islam, tetapi juga dapat menjadi ruang sosial yang memperkuat kohesi dan toleransi lintas identitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana perayaan Idul Fitri di Magelang, Indonesia, menumbuhkan harmoni antar umat beragama sekaligus memperbarui keterikatan sosial lintas identitas melalui persepsi, nilai, dan praktik keagamaan di tengah keberagaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi terhadap rangkaian perayaan Idul Fitri, meliputi takbiran, salat Id, halalbihalal, dan silaturahmi dari rumah ke rumah, serta wawancara mendalam dengan informan kunci yang mengalami langsung dinamika kunjungan Lebaran dan relasi lintas agama. Data dianalisis secara iteratif melalui pembacaan berulang, pengelompokan tema, dan interpretasi dengan kerangka solidaritas sosial Émile Durkheim, terutama solidaritas mekanik, solidaritas organik, dan collective effervescence. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Idul Fitri di Magelang tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai kewajiban spiritual, tetapi juga sebagai mekanisme sosial yang memperkuat kohesi melalui emosi bersama, norma penghormatan, dan pertukaran sosial yang berulang. Temuan ini juga memperlihatkan bahwa harmoni lintas agama dipelihara melalui koeksistensi yang terlembaga dan negosiasi batas yang menjaga hubungan tetap rukun tanpa mengaburkan identitas keagamaan masing-masing. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada penguatan kajian sosiologi agama, khususnya dalam memahami ritual keagamaan sebagai praktik sosial yang membentuk interaksi, identitas, dan kehidupan bersama dalam masyarakat plural.

Managing Religious Tension: MUI, Legitimacy, and Urban Conflict Resolution Elkarimah, Mia Fitriah; Susilawati; Siti Fuadah
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jsr.v20i2.3686

Religious conflict in Indonesia does not always stem from doctrinal differences, but often arises from issues of communication, governance, public perception, and social relations within heterogeneous urban spaces. This study aims to analyze the intervention of the Indonesian Ulema Council in the conflict involving Majelis Taklim Umi Cinta in Bekasi City Indonesia, with a focus on how MUI exercised its authority in resolving a non-doctrinal religious conflict. This research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with MUI administrators, local government officials, Islamic religious counselors, community leaders, reporting residents, and the leader of the study group, as well as through document analysis of MUI decrees, mediation records, media reports, and activity documentation. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings show that the conflict was not primarily caused by doctrinal deviation, but by miscommunication, media framing, environmental disturbance, and weak governance of a non-formal religious assembly. The study also finds that MUI’s authority operated effectively through tabayyun, mediation, and cross-institutional coordination based on moral legitimacy rather than legal coercion. The implication of this research is that religious authority in contemporary Indonesia should be understood not only as a guardian of doctrine, but also as a form of social mediation in managing public perception, religious governance, and coexistence in heterogeneous communities. Konflik keagamaan di Indonesia tidak selalu berakar pada perbedaan doktrin, tetapi kerap muncul dari persoalan komunikasi, tata kelola, persepsi publik, dan relasi sosial dalam ruang perkotaan yang heterogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis intervensi Majelis Ulama Indonesia dalam konflik yang melibatkan Majelis Taklim Umi Cinta di Kota Bekasi Indonesia, dengan fokus pada cara MUI menjalankan otoritasnya dalam menyelesaikan konflik keagamaan yang bersifat non-doktrinal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pengurus MUI, aparatur pemerintah setempat, penyuluh agama, tokoh masyarakat, warga pelapor, dan pimpinan majelis taklim, serta melalui analisis dokumen seperti surat keputusan MUI, notulen mediasi, laporan media, dan dokumentasi kegiatan. Data dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan dan verifikasi kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik yang terjadi tidak terutama disebabkan oleh penyimpangan akidah, melainkan oleh miskomunikasi, framing media, gangguan lingkungan, dan lemahnya tata kelola majelis taklim non-formal. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa otoritas MUI bekerja secara efektif melalui tabayyun, mediasi, dan koordinasi lintas institusi berbasis legitimasi moral, bukan paksaan hukum. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa otoritas keagamaan di Indonesia kontemporer perlu dipahami tidak hanya sebagai pengawas doktrin, tetapi juga sebagai mediator sosial dalam mengelola persepsi publik, tata kelola keagamaan, dan koeksistensi di Masyarakat heterogen.

Who Controls Tradition? Religious Authority, Moral Order, And Belonging in Indonesia: The Case of Sambang Punden Amri, Ulil; Kristiono Dwi Susilo, Rachmad
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jsr.v20i2.3749

As a multicultural archipelago, Indonesia sustains local traditions that shape collective identity and social order, including the Sambang Punden ritual in Bulukerto Village, East Java, Indonesia. This study examines how Sambang Punden produces religious authority, regulates moral norms, and defines community boundaries through inclusion and exclusion. The research adopts a qualitative design to capture meanings, interactions, and local social dynamics surrounding the ritual. Data were collected through observation of the ritual sequence, in depth interviews, and document review related to the organization and public framing of the practice. Data analysis followed an interactive process of organizing materials, coding key themes, refining interpretations, and triangulating sources, while using the concepts of power and knowledge, discourse, and governmentality as analytical tools. The findings show that the ritual’s authority and legitimacy are produced and sustained through the roles of elders, customary actors, and village authorities, while also being questioned by differing religious interpretations. The study further indicates that participation supports moral regulation through social expectations and informal monitoring, and it marks community membership by distinguishing insiders from those positioned at the margins. The implication of this research is that local rituals should be analysed as sociological mechanisms that generate authority, sustain moral governance, and produce social boundaries in village life. Sebagai negara kepulauan multikultural, Indonesia memiliki tradisi lokal yang ikut membentuk identitas dan keteraturan sosial, termasuk ritual Sambang Punden di Desa Bulukerto, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana Sambang Punden menghasilkan otoritas keagamaan, mengatur norma moral, dan membentuk batas komunitas melalui inklusi dan eksklusi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kualitatif untuk memahami makna, interaksi, dan dinamika sosial di sekitar praktik ritual. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi rangkaian ritual, wawancara mendalam, dan telaah dokumen yang relevan dengan penyelenggaraan serta pembingkaian ritual. Data dianalisis secara interaktif melalui pengorganisasian data, pengodean tema, penajaman interpretasi, dan triangulasi sumber, dengan konsep relasi kuasa pengetahuan, wacana, dan governmentality sebagai alat bantu analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa otoritas dan legitimasi ritual diproduksi dan dipertahankan melalui peran sesepuh, lembaga adat, dan aktor pemerintahan desa, sekaligus diperdebatkan oleh pandangan keagamaan yang berbeda. Temuan juga memperlihatkan bahwa partisipasi ritual mendorong regulasi moral melalui ekspektasi sosial dan pemantauan informal, serta menandai keanggotaan komunitas melalui batas “di dalam” dan “di luar.” Implikasi penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa ritual lokal dapat dipahami sebagai mekanisme sosiologis yang membentuk otoritas, tata moral, dan batas sosial dalam kehidupan desa.

Rebuilding Climate Authority: A Neo Khaldunian Framework of Asabiyya and Mulk Marhaendra, Gregory Yehezkiel
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/jsr.v20i2.3808

In Scientists view the climate crisis as an urgent emergency, yet many government policies move slowly and can easily shift direction. In this context, Ibn Khaldun’s theoretical framework helps explain why collective commitment weakens and why authority often fails to prioritise long term protection. This study aims to analyse a Neo Khaldunian framework to explain the social foundations of climate governance and to guide institutional design that can strengthen solidarity, asabiyya, and redirect authority, mulk, toward ecological stewardship. The study uses an integrative literature review with a critical interpretive approach to develop a theoretical framework, rather than to test hypotheses with field data. The data were collected purposively from peer reviewed journal articles, scholarly books, and major reports, including selected studies on Islamic environmental politics in Indonesia and other Muslim contexts, through Google Scholar and Scopus. The analysis proceeded through repeated reading, comparison, conceptual grouping, and critical synthesis that connects scholarship on climate governance, social solidarity, sociology of religion, and Ibn Khaldun. The findings show that climate governance failure can be understood as a problem of civilisational order unfolding across five dimensions, namely ideas, individuals, society, the state, and civilisation. The study also finds that the erosion of asabiyya and the distortion of mulk undermine ecological commitment, while Islamic institutions, as contested organisational actors, can strengthen or weaken commitment through networks, legitimacy, organisational capacity, public influence, and political alliances. The sociological implication is that climate governance should be understood as a problem of social order and legitimacy, so institutional design that protects long term commitments becomes essential. Para ilmuwan menilai krisis iklim sebagai keadaan mendesak, tetapi banyak kebijakan pemerintah berjalan lambat dan mudah berubah. Dalam konteks ini, kerangka teori Ibn Khaldun membantu menjelaskan mengapa komitmen bersama melemah dan otoritas sering tidak fokus pada perlindungan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kerangka Neo Khaldunian guna menjelaskan dasar sosial tata kelola iklim dan memberi arah desain lembaga yang dapat memperkuat solidaritas asabiyya serta mengarahkan otoritas mulk menuju pengelolaan ekologis. Penelitian ini menggunakan tinjauan literatur integratif dengan pendekatan interpretif kritis untuk menyusun kerangka teoretis, bukan untuk menguji hipotesis dengan data lapangan. Data dikumpulkan secara purposif dari artikel jurnal, buku ilmiah, dan laporan utama, termasuk studi terpilih tentang politik lingkungan Islam di Indonesia dan konteks Muslim, melalui Google Scholar dan Scopus. Analisis dilakukan lewat pembacaan berulang, perbandingan, pengelompokan konsep, dan sintesis kritis yang menghubungkan literatur tata kelola iklim, solidaritas sosial, sosiologi agama, dan kajian Ibn Khaldun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegagalan tata kelola iklim dapat dipahami sebagai masalah tatanan peradaban dalam lima dimensi, yaitu ide, individu, sosial, negara, dan peradaban. Temuan juga menunjukkan bahwa melemahnya asabiyya dan menyimpangnya mulk merusak komitmen ekologis, sementara institusi Islam sebagai aktor organisasi yang diperebutkan dapat memperkuat atau melemahkan komitmen melalui jejaring, legitimasi, kapasitas organisasi, pengaruh publik, dan aliansi politik. Implikasi sosiologisnya adalah isu iklim perlu dipahami sebagai masalah keteraturan sosial dan legitimasi, sehingga desain lembaga yang menjaga komitmen jangka panjang menjadi hal penting.

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Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Achmad Zainal Arifin, Ph.D

Contact Email
achmad.arifin@uin-suka.ac.id

Phone
+6281578735880

Journal Mail Official
sosiologireflektif@uin-suka.ac.id

Editorial Address
Laboratorium Sosiologi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Jl. Adisucipto 1, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA

Abstract

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Achmad Zainal Arifin, Ph.D

Contact Email achmad.arifin@uin-suka.ac.id

Phone +6281578735880

Journal Mail Official sosiologireflektif@uin-suka.ac.id

Editorial Address Laboratorium Sosiologi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Jl. Adisucipto 1, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 55281

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

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Contact Name
Achmad Zainal Arifin, Ph.D

Contact Email
achmad.arifin@uin-suka.ac.id

Phone
+6281578735880

Journal Mail Official
sosiologireflektif@uin-suka.ac.id

Editorial Address
Laboratorium Sosiologi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Jl. Adisucipto 1, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA