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Achmad Zainal Arifin, Ph.D
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Laboratorium Sosiologi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Jl. Adisucipto 1, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 55281
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : 19780362     EISSN : 25284177     DOI : https://doi.org/10.14421/jsr.v15i1.1959
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Social,
Religion Humanities Education Social Sciences
JSR focuses on disseminating researches on social and religious issues within Muslim community, especially related to issue of strengthening civil society in its various aspects. Besides, JSR also receive an article based on a library research, which aims to develop integrated sociological theories with Islamic studies, such as a discourse on Prophetic Social Science, Transformative Islam, and other perspectives.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Sosiologi dan Ilmu Politik
Articles 282 Documents
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Evoking Huntington: Albania’s Democratic Transition and the Revival of Religious Freedom Tarifa, Fatos; Todhri, Fiona
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/n590qj07

Abstract

After nearly half a century of totalitarian atheism, Albania’s transition to democracy in 1991 represented one of the most complex transformations in post-communist Eastern Europe. Framed within Samuel Huntington’s ‘third wave’ of democratization, this study revisits Albania’s early years of political transition to analyze the intertwined processes of democratic change and religious revival. The aim of this research is to understand how U.S. foreign policy, particularly through diplomatic and symbolic interventions, contributed to shaping Albania’s democratization and restoration of freedom of conscience. Using a qualitative historical-political approach, the study relies on library research that integrates primary sources—including diplomatic archives, official speeches, and media documents—with secondary literature from Scopus-indexed journals and academic books. Data were thematically analyzed across six interpretive clusters, connecting political, social, and religious dimensions of Albania’s transformation. The findings reveal that U.S. diplomatic engagement, especially Secretary James Baker’s 1991 visit, catalyzed pro-democracy movements and symbolized external support for Albania’s reentry into the democratic world, while the revival of religion expanded civil liberties and strengthened pluralism. The implication of this research is that international pressure, moral encouragement, and religious freedom jointly served as enduring safeguards against authoritarian relapse and remain essential to Albania’s democratic consolidation. Setelah hampir setengah abad hidup di bawah rezim ateis totaliter, transisi demokrasi Albania pada tahun 1991 menjadi salah satu perubahan politik dan sosial paling kompleks di Eropa Timur pascakomunis. Berangkat dari kerangka ‘gelombang ketiga’ demokratisasi yang dikemukakan Samuel Huntington, penelitian ini meninjau kembali tahun-tahun awal transisi politik Albania untuk memahami kaitan antara perubahan demokratis dan kebangkitan kehidupan beragama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan bagaimana kebijakan luar negeri Amerika Serikat, melalui diplomasi dan simbol-simbol politik, berperan dalam mendorong demokratisasi sekaligus memulihkan kebebasan berkeyakinan di Albania. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis historis-politik melalui studi pustaka yang menggabungkan sumber primer—seperti arsip diplomatik, pidato resmi, dan laporan media—dengan literatur akademik terkini. Data dianalisis secara tematik melalui enam klaster utama yang menghubungkan dimensi politik, sosial, dan keagamaan dalam proses transformasi Albania. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan diplomatik Amerika Serikat, terutama melalui kunjungan bersejarah James Baker pada tahun 1991, menjadi katalis bagi gerakan pro-demokrasi dan menandai dukungan internasional bagi kembalinya Albania ke dunia demokratis, sementara kebangkitan agama memperluas kebebasan sipil dan memperkuat pluralisme. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah bahwa tekanan internasional, dukungan moral, dan kebebasan beragama menjadi pilar penting bagi keberlanjutan demokrasi dan konsolidasi politik di Albania.
Modest Modernities: Muslim Identity, Globalisation, and Urban Transformation in Indonesia Luhuringbudi, Teguh; Kurniawan, Edi; Ahmad, Humaira; Muhtar, Amin; R. M. Imam Abdillah
Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif Vol. 20 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/tkcp7204

Abstract

Global neoliberalism and rapid urbanization have transformed cities worldwide, redefining social life and religious identities. In Jakarta, Indonesia’s capital, these forces have intensified through economic growth, migration, and global connectivity, challenging the Muslim majority to sustain their faith within a consumerist and market-driven urban order. This study aims to analyze how neoliberal policies and globalization shape the social and cultural dynamics of Muslims in Jakarta and how they negotiate and adapt their identities amid modern urban transformation. Employing a qualitative descriptive design, this research relies on literature review and document analysis of official statistical reports and scholarly works on Jakarta’s socio-economic context. Data were analyzed thematically following Mezmir’s framework, involving coding, theme clustering, and narrative construction to interpret the relationship between urban transformation, neoliberalism, and Muslim identity. The findings reveal that Muslim identity in Jakarta is not eroded but hybridized—integrating Islamic ethics with modern practices such as digital zakat, halal lifestyle consumption, and mosque-based social welfare systems. These adaptations show resilience, creativity, and negotiation between religious tradition and global modernity. The implication of this study is the need for inclusive urban policies that protect religious practices, promote social equity, and strengthen community solidarity amid neoliberal pressures. Neoliberalisme global dan urbanisasi yang cepat telah mengubah wajah kota-kota di seluruh dunia, sekaligus memengaruhi kehidupan sosial dan identitas keagamaan masyarakat. Di Jakarta, sebagai ibu kota Indonesia, kekuatan tersebut semakin terasa melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi, arus migrasi, dan keterhubungan global yang tinggi. Kondisi ini menantang masyarakat Muslim untuk tetap mempertahankan nilai-nilai keagamaannya di tengah budaya kota yang kompetitif dan konsumtif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana kebijakan neoliberal dan globalisasi membentuk dinamika sosial dan budaya umat Muslim di Jakarta serta bagaimana mereka menegosiasikan dan menyesuaikan identitasnya di tengah transformasi kota modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur dan analisis dokumen yang terkait kondisi sosial-ekonomi Jakarta. Data dianalisis dengan metode tematik berdasarkan kerangka Mezmir, melalui proses pengkodean, pengelompokan tema, dan penyusunan narasi untuk menafsirkan hubungan antara transformasi kota, neoliberalisme, dan identitas Muslim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa identitas Muslim di Jakarta tidak hilang, tetapi bertransformasi menjadi bentuk hibrid yang memadukan etika Islam dengan praktik modern seperti zakat digital, gaya hidup halal, dan solidaritas sosial berbasis masjid. Adaptasi ini menunjukkan ketahanan dan kreativitas umat Muslim dalam menghadapi modernitas. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah pentingnya kebijakan kota yang inklusif, yang mampu melindungi praktik keagamaan, memperkuat keadilan sosial, dan mendorong solidaritas komunitas di tengah tekanan neoliberal.

Page 29 of 29 | Total Record : 282

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