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Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati
Published by Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta
ISSN : 25273221     EISSN : 2527323X     DOI : doi.org/10.24002/biota
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang memuat hasil-hasil penelitian, kajian-kajian pustaka dan berita-berita terbaru tentang ilmu dan teknologi kehayatian (biologi, bioteknologi dan bidang ilmu yang terkait). Biota terbit pertama kali bulan Juli 1995 dengan ISSN 0853-8670. Biota terbit tiga nomor dalam satu tahun (Februari, Juni, dan Oktober).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,193 Documents
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Effectiveness and Role of Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY) Kombucha Gel on Incisional Wound Healing in Mice (Mus musculus) Nafisah, Raihana Frika; Agustina, Eva; Purnamasari, Risa; Andiarna, Funsu; Hidayati, Irul
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i3.11282

Abstract

Incision wounds are common occurrences in daily life, and appropriate wound management is essential to promote and accelerate the healing process. Wound care can be performed using topical preparations such as gels containing bioactive compounds. SCOBY kombucha is believed to contain bioactive compounds, such as compounds from green tea (especially polyphenols) and metabolites produced by microbes (organic acids, alcohols, vitamins, etc.) The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of SCOBY kombucha gel on the healing of incision wounds in mice (Mus musculus). The method used in this research is a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 8 treatment groups, including 2 control groups and 6 test groups. The concentrations of SCOBY kombucha gel used are 0%, 2%, 4%, 8%, 10%, and 12%. The SCOBY kombucha gel is applied twice daily until the wound closes. Observation of the incision wound is carried out by measuring the length of the wound that has not yet closed. Based on the conducted research, it was found that SCOBY kombucha gel is effective in healing incision wounds as evidenced by the reduction in wound size due to the bioactive compounds in SCOBY. The most significant wound healing effect was observed with the 12% SCOBY kombucha gel, as there was a significant difference compared to the negative control group, 0%, 2%, 4%, and 8% SCOBY kombucha gels.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Pupuk Nitrogen terhadap Ketahanan Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘Manilo’) pada Cekaman Kekeringan Ardadi, Maharani Pratiwi Salsabila; Nurbaiti, Siti; Rachmawati, Diah
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i3.11663

Abstract

Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman unggulan yang berkontribusi dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Namun, perubahan iklim dapat memicu berbagai cekaman abiotik, seperti kekeringan yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan toleransi tanaman terhadap kekeringan adalah melalui pemberian pupuk nitrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian pupuk nitrogen terhadap ketahanan tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘Manilo’) pada cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode Rancangan Blok Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan kombinasi tiga tingkat ketersediaan air (100%, 75%, dan 50% kapasitas lapang) serta tiga dosis pupuk nitrogen (0,6; 1,2; dan 1,8 g/polybag). Parameter yang diamati meliputi respons tingkat kerusakan serta aktivitas antioksidan enzimatik. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan ANOVA dan uji DMRT pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil menunjukkan aplikasi pupuk nitrogen mampu meningkatkan aktivitas enzim antioksidan, terutama APX. Peningkatan dosis pupuk nitrogen berkorelasi positif dengan ketahanan tanaman terhadap kekeringan yang ditunjukkan melalui penurunan kebocoran elektrolit dan MDA, serta peningkatan aktivitas APX. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi ketahanan tembakau dengan pemberian pupuk nitrogen terhadap kondisi kekeringan.
Evaluation of Shrimp Head-Based Liquid Organic Fertilizer as a Sustainable Alternative Nutrient Source for Nannochloropsis sp. Culture Kartina; Nurdahlia
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i3.11822

Abstract

Laboratory-scale Nannochloropsis sp. cultures typically rely on expensive commercial nutrients for aquaculture feed production. Shrimp head waste contains important nutrients that can be used to produce liquid organic fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using commercial fertilizer combined with liquid organic shrimp head fertilizer (LOF) on the growth of Nannochloropsis sp. on a controlled scale. The experimental design included four treatments (P0:100% commercial fertilizer), P1 (50% commercial + 50% LOF), P2 (75% commercial + 25% LOF), and P3 (100% LOF). Cell growth data were subjected to ANOVA and Duncan's tests. The use of LOF significantly influenced the growth of Nannochloropsis sp. on day 7. Peak growth occurred on day 7. P0 treatment (100% commercial fertilizer) showed the highest growth (15.7 × 104 cells/ml), although it was not statistically different from P1 (50% commercial + 50% LOF) and P2 (75% commercial + 25% LOF). The highest Specific Growth Rate was observed in the P0 treatment (0.22). This suggests that while shrimp head LOF alone may not be sufficient, its combination with commercial fertilizers holds promise for the sustainable cultivation of Nannochloropsis sp.
QTL Analysis in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench): A Review Dinanty, Fawwaz; Rachman, Fathur
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v11i1.10928

Abstract

Sorghum is a Gramineae crop with two sets of chromosomes (2n = 2x = 20). Sorghum has a euchromatin and heterochromatin size of about 252 Mbp and 460 Mbp, respectively. QTL analysis determines the region in the genome that controls a quantitative character phenotype. The methods of analysis include SMA, SIM, CIM, and MQM. Genotyping generally uses molecular markers with a high polymorphism, such as RFLP, AFLP, SSR, SNP, and DArT. QTL analysis has been conducted on sorghum crops for various purposes and traits. The analyzed agronomic traits were plant height, days to flowering, 1000 grain weight, and seed length. The grain quality, including mineral content (Fe and Zn), starch, fat, fibre, protein, and carotenoid content, can be analyzed. Disease resistance that can be analyzed is resistance to leaf spot and anthracnose. Several QTLs were co-localized between traits and between populations. The data that has been obtained can be used for the preparation of the QTL consensus.
Exploration Of Potential Endophytic Fungi From Ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn.) As An Antibacterial Agent Raihana, Iffat; Imaningsih, Witiyasti; Wathan, Nashrul
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v11i1.11050

Abstract

This study investigates the endophytic fungi found in ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri T et. B), a plant valued by the Kalimantan community for its medicinal uses, especially in treating rheumatism and diabetes. The main goal was to identify these fungi and evaluate their potential antibacterial properties. Samples of ironwood, including leaves and roots, were collected from the CV Nursery at Nusantara Asri, Cempaka Baru, Gunung Kupang, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, with coordinates -3.4892255, 114.8907642, 723. Using a series of steps—such as sterilizing samples, isolating fungi, conducting secondary metabolic fermentation, and testing for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli—11 fungal isolates were successfully obtained from the plant's roots, leaves, and seeds. Five isolates were chosen for further study based on their growth rates, representing various genera including Cladosporium sp., Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., and Hyphomycetes sp. Although the antimicrobial tests revealed that none of these isolates inhibited the bacteria, the results offer valuable insights into the interactions between these fungi and the bacterial strains tested.
Dekolorisasi Reactive Red oleh Konsorsium Bacillus velezensis IBLTT_1 dan Bacillus cereus IBLTT_5 Fitri, Erinna Azalia; Meitiniarti, Vincentia Irene; Nugroho, Rully Adi
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v11i1.11205

Abstract

Perkembangan industri tekstil di Indonesia telah berkontribusi pada polusi lingkungan, yaitu melalui pembuangan air limbah yang mengandung pewarna. Diperkirakan sekitar 10-15% pewarna tekstil yang digunakan dalam proses pewarnaan dilepaskan ke dalamke dalam air bilasan dan selanjutnya dibuang ke lingkungan perairan.  Air limbah yang mengandung pewarna tekstil harus diolah karena dapat mencemari lingkungan. Reactive Red merupakan salah satu pewarna azo yang banyak digunakan dalam industri tekstil. Salah satu pendekatan untuk mengoptimalkan proses degradasi pewarna azo adalah dengan memutus ikatan azo menggunakan kultur campuran bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan potensi kultur tunggal dan campuran isolat Bacillus velezensis IBLTT_1 dan Bacillus cereus IBLTT_5 dalam mendekolorisasi Reactive Red. Kedua isolat bakteri tersebut diinokulasi secara tunggal dan campur ke dalam media yang mengandung Reactive Red dengan empat perlakuan konsentrasi inokula yaitu 0%, 2%, 4%, dan 8% dari volume kerja. Dekolorisasi tertinggi (76,80%) ditemukan pada kultur campuran dengan konsentrasi 8%, dimana kedua spesies bakteri ditambahkan dalam perbandingan 1:1. Dekolorisasi yang signifikan pada kultur campuran kemungkinan disebabkan oleh aksi sinergis antara dua spesies bakteri yang diinokulasikan secara bersamaan.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Selulolitik dari Hutan Mangrove Bengkalis, Riau: Potensi Sebagai Agen Biofertilizer Aisah; Zul, Delita
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v11i1.11824

Abstract

Hutan mangrove merupakan ekosistem pesisir yang kaya akan bahan organik dan mendukung pertumbuhan mikroorganisme penghasil enzim selulase. Salah satu kelompok mikroorganisme penting di lingkungan ini adalah bakteri selulolitik yang mampu mendegradasi selulosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk isolasi dan karakterisasi bakteri selulolitik dari sedimen dan rizosfer tanaman alami mangrove di Desa Kelapapati, Kabupaten Bengkalis, Riau. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pengambilan sampel sedimen dan rizosfer, isolasi bakteri menggunakan medium Cellulose Congo Red Agar (CCRA), uji aktivitas selulolitik berdasarkan zona bening yang terbentuk di sekeliling koloni, dan karakterisasi makroskopis dan mikroskopis terhadap isolat yang menunjukkan aktivitas selulolitik. Sebanyak 36 isolat berhasil diisolasi, terdiri atas 21 isolat asal rizosfer dan 15 isolat asal sedimen. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 20 isolat konfirmasi membentuk zona bening dengan indeks selulolitik pada kategori tinggi sebanyak 13 isolat, kategori sedang sebanyak empat isolat, dan kategori rendah sebanyak tiga isolat. Isolat MAT 1.1 menunjukkan indeks selulolitik tertinggi mencapai 10,8±0,6 dan potensial sebagai agen biofertilizer. Sebagian besar isolat tergolong bakteri Gram negatif berbentuk bacil dan streptobacil. Lingkungan mangrove dengan pH 6, suhu rata-rata 30°C, dan salinitas 12,67 dS/m mendukung pertumbuhan bakteri selulolitik. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hutan mangrove Desa Kelapapati, Bengkalis, Riau merupakan sumber potensial bakteri selulolitik yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai agen biofertilizer.
Analisis Epidemiologis dan Faktor Determinan Ektoparasit pada Benih Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) di Kabupaten Sorong Makulassy, Hatab; Rahim, Nurfitri; Linda
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v11i1.12254

Abstract

Kabupaten Sorong memiliki potensi besar dalam budidaya ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus), namun masih menghadapi permasalahan penyakit akibat ektoparasit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis ektoparasit serta menganalisis prevalensi, intensitas, dan dominasinya pada benih ikan nila. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel acak terhadap 60 ekor benih ikan berukuran 4 – 6 cm dari tiga lokasi pembenihan, yaitu Aimas, Mayamuk, dan Salawati. Pemeriksaan ektoparasit dilakukan pada organ insang, permukaan tubuh, dan sirip ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya tiga jenis ektoparasit, yaitu Trichodina sp., Cichlidogyrus sp., dan Oodinium sp. Prevalensi tertinggi Trichodina sp. mencapai 100% di Mayamuk dan Salawati, sedangkan Cichlidogyrus sp. mencapai 100% di Aimas dan Mayamuk. Oodinium sp. hanya ditemukan di Aimas dan Mayamuk dengan prevalensi rendah (5%). Intensitas tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh Trichodina sp. di Mayamuk (218 ind/ekor), sementara dominasi tertinggi Cichlidogyrus sp. terdapat di Aimas (65,38%). Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi dasar dalam penerapan manajemen kesehatan ikan dan pengendalian ektoparasit guna mendukung keberhasilan kegiatan pembenihan ikan nila di Kabupaten Sorong.
Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria with Solid Carrier Material in The Cultivation of Sweet Corn Pudjiwati, Eko Hary; Mansyur, Nur Indah; Marpaung, Esra Margaretha; Adiwena, Muhmmad
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v11i1.12477

Abstract

The limited availability of fertile land is a strong reason to utilize marginal land. Marginal land has potential for agricultural development because it has relatively high total phosphorus, but this phosphorus is in a form that is not available to plants. The use of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can be an alternative to change this form. The effectiveness of PSB activity in altering this form can be enhanced through carriers that are able to maintain their viability and activity in the soil. This study investigates the use of marginal land treated with phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) incorporated with carrier materials to addressing the demand for sweet corn. PSB application followed a Randomized Block Design (RBD) involving the treatments as follows: control (T0), 150 kg Super Phosphate-36 (SP-36) per hectare (T1), PSB B5(6) + shrimp shells + 75 kg SP-36 per hectare (T2), PSB B1(17) + shrimp shells + 75 kg SP-36 per hectare (T3), PSB B5(6) + husk charcoal + 75 kg SP-36 per hectare (T4) and PSB B1(17) + husk charcoal + 75 kg SP-36 per hectare (T5). The results yield the optimum outcome associated with T2 by plant height (±70.25 cm), number of leaves (±8.97 pieces) and roots (±41 cm), root length (±31.10 cm) and volume (±14.05 ml), plant fresh (±53.72 gr) and dry weight (±28.01 gr), cob weight with husk (± 23.68) and without husk (±14.67 gr), cob length with husk (±12.88 cm) and without husk (±7.38 cm), cob diameter with husk (±22.76 cm) and without husk (±16.67 cm). T2 can reduce the use of inorganic phosphorus fertilizer up to 50% and increase production by approximately 7 times better than control.
Accelerated Fermentation of Pineapple Peel-Based Eco-Enzyme with Ganoderma lucidum: A Novel Bioconversion Strategy for Antidermatophytic Maritsa, Hasna Ul; Destiana, Anggari Linda; Husnuddin, Uni Baroroh; Mulyani, Putri Dwi; Utami, Diah Tri; Rasid, Aris Abdul
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v11i1.12743

Abstract

Pineapple peel waste, rich in lignocellulosic compounds and bioactive metabolites, remains underutilized despite its potential. Traditional eco-enzyme production from pineapple peels, molasses, and water (3:1:10 ratio) requires 90 days of spontaneous fermentation, limiting efficiency. This study investigates Ganoderma lucidum, a medicinal white-rot fungus, as a biocatalyst to accelerate fermentation and enhance antidermatophytic activity against Trichophyton rubrum. Fermentation substrates were prepared with or without G. lucidum mycelial plugs and monitored at 15 and 45 days for pH, aroma, color, and organoleptic changes. Eco-enzyme efficacy was assessed via agar well diffusion assays at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, measuring T. rubrum colony diameters.Results showed G. lucidum significantly hastened organic decomposition and secondary metabolite production. By day 45, inoculated samples reached pH 2.85 (vs. 3.2 in controls), exhibited faster aroma stabilization and darker coloration, and achieved complete inhibition (0.0 mm colony diameter) across all concentrations. At day 15, inhibition was already strong (0.7 mm vs. 90 mm in untreated controls). This approach reduces fermentation time by over 50%, yielding a potent antifungal agent from waste. It offers a sustainable bioconversion strategy for eco-enzyme production with therapeutic potential.

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