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Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati
Published by Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta
ISSN : 25273221     EISSN : 2527323X     DOI : doi.org/10.24002/biota
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang memuat hasil-hasil penelitian, kajian-kajian pustaka dan berita-berita terbaru tentang ilmu dan teknologi kehayatian (biologi, bioteknologi dan bidang ilmu yang terkait). Biota terbit pertama kali bulan Juli 1995 dengan ISSN 0853-8670. Biota terbit tiga nomor dalam satu tahun (Februari, Juni, dan Oktober).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,193 Documents
 115   116   117   118   119 
The Role of Chloroplast DNA Markers (psbA) in Maintaining the Position of Lemnoideae Sururi, Zaki Fahreza; Nururrahmani, Azmah; Sihombing, Maria Engzelita; Hidayat, Topik
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i1.8906

Abstract

The duckweed plant group belongs to the botanical family Araceae and has the potential as a food source. It is difficult to classify and the plants were originally grouped as the Lemnaceae family. However, current molecular taxonomy studies revealed the integration of Lemnaceae into the Araceae family, thus becoming the Lemnoideae subfamily. It is necessary to strengthen the position of Lemnoideae in Araceae using molecular marker psbA from chloroplast DNA This study aimed to determine the role of the psbA chloroplast DNA marker in regulating the position of Lemnoideae. A total of 41 sequences of the psbA gene taken from the species from seven subfamilies in Araceae and one outgroup were collected from the NCBI GenBank and then arranged in FASTA format. Sequence data was then aligned by ClustalX, and phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using PAUP and MEGA. From the resulting phylogenetic trees, it can be conferred that the Lemnoideae subfamily does not form a monophyletic group. Thereby, this in silico study using psbA markers concludes the position ofthe Lemnoideae subfamily in the family Araceae and we recommend not separating the plant group from the family Araceae.
Modification of Starch with Amylosucrase: Methods, Physicochemical Properties and Health Implications Dewi, Angela Myrra Puspita; Tethool, Eduard Fransisco
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 9, No 2 (2024): June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v9i2.9095

Abstract

Amylosucrase is a transglucosylase enzyme that utilizes sucrose as a substrate to produce α-1,4 glucan (amylose-like polymer). Modification of starch with Amylosucrase can increase the degree of polymerization, degree of crystallinity, heat stability, and increase the proportion of slow digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS). Thus, Amylosucrase (ASase) modified starch has enormous potential to be developed in the food industry because the consumption of ASase modified starch can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce blood glucose response, making it suitable for consumption by people with Diabetes Mellitus. In addition, consumption of ASase-modified starch also has the potential to prevent obesity and improve blood lipid profile.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk.) dalam Edible Oil Sakhi, Fillah Mufti; Mahmudah, Rif'atul; Yulianti, Eny
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i1.9132

Abstract

Daun kelor merupakan bagian dari tanaman kelor yang banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai obat karena memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif salah satunya flavonoid yang dapat menangkal radikal bebas. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak maserasi daun kelor dalam extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) dan virgin coconut oil (VCO) dengan metode DPPH menggunakan variasi waktu ekstrasi dan variasi volume tween 80. Variasi dilakukan dengan penambahan volume tween 80 sebesar 0 - 0,4 mL dan waktu ekstraksi selama 2-4 jam. Penambahan tween 80 dan lama waktu ekstraksi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan daun kelor dalam EVOO menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada volume tween 80 0,4 mL dan waktu ekstraksi 4 jam dengan EC50 sebesar 106,848 ± 4,746 ppm. Sementara itu, dalam VCO memberikan hasil terbaik pada volume tween 80 0,4 mL dengan lama ekstraksi 4 jam menghasilkan EC50 sebesar 282,914 ± 10,008 ppm.
Efektivitas Ekoenzim Kulit Pisang Kepok Manado Muda sebagai Insektisida Nabati terhadap Hama Penghisap Buah Kakao (Helopeltis sp.) Agustin, Meli; Pratami, Gina Dania; Priyambodo; Agustrina, Rochmah
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i1.9288

Abstract

Kakao merupakan tanaman perkebunan yang mempunyai peran cukup penting dalam perekonomian nasional. Salah satu kendala pada budidaya kakao adalah kehadiran organisme pengganggu tanaman, yaitu kepik penghisap buah kakao (Helopeltis sp.). Pemakaian insektisida kimia secara berlebihan dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif sehingga diperlukan insektisida alternatif yang ramah lingkungan. Ekoenzim kulit pisang kepok manado muda memiliki kandungan bahan aktif yang berpotensi dijadikan insektisida nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ekoenzim kulit pisang kepok manado muda yang efektif dalam mematikan hama penghisap buah kakao. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial 2 faktor perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi ekoenzim (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%). Faktor kedua adalah waktu pengamatan (6, 12, 24, 48, dan 72 jam). Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dengan uji lanjut Tukey dan nilai LC50 dianalisis menggunakan probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekoenzim kulit pisang kepok manado muda berpotensi sebagai insektisida nabati terhadap hama penghisap buah kakao dengan konsentrasi paling efektif adalah 20%. Sementara hasil analisis probit didapatkan nilai LC50 sebesar 17,95% pada waktu pengamatan 72 jam.
Isolation and Electrochemical Evaluation of Electrogenic Bacteria from the Sediment of Two Waterlogged-Ecosystems Indriyani, Yohanna Anisa; Rusmana, Iman; Anwar, Syaiful; Djajakirana, Gunawan; Santosa, Dwi Andreas
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i1.9476

Abstract

Electrogenic microbes have been exploited in the microbial fuel cell (MFC) system for harvesting bioelectricity. Electrogens are widely distributed in various environments, but the exploration of this microbial group from ecosystems in Indonesia is still limited. This present study aimed to isolate the electrogenic bacteria from sediments of two waterlogged ecosystems (dam and paddy field) using serial dilution into extinction method prior to streak plate method on the solid thioglycollate media supplemented with Fe3+. Electrochemical evaluation was conducted in glucose-fed dual-chamber MFC by using Arduino UNO-based data logger for the accurate monitoring of electricity production in the term of open circuit voltage (OCV). A total of 54 electrogens were successfully isolated from these two ecosystems, ranging from weakness to strongest electrogens (OCV >800 mV) and ranging from microaerophilic, aerotolerant and facultative anaerobes, to obligate anaerobes. This result also suggested that sediment of waterlogged ecosystems rich in electron donor and solid acceptor electron compounds could potentially host electrogenic microbes. The exploration of electrogens from many other waterlogged ecosystems in Indonesia, both natural and anthropic ecosystems, could be conducted to collect genetic resources of novel electrogenic bacteria for the development of MFC technology in Indonesia.
Abundance of Perifiton as Natural Fish Food in The Banjaran River, Banyumas Indonesia Al Hidayah; Rahayu, Nur Laila; Zaenuri, Musyarif
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i1.9597

Abstract

Fresh waters in Indonesia are strongly broad and play a role for aquaculture as well as human activities, thus impacting water quality and river ecosystems. Periphyton acts as a natural food source. This study aimed to determine the abundance of periphyton species as natural food for fish in the Banjaran River, and the quality of river water. Survey method and purposive sampling were used and conducted at four stations. This research was conducted in situ and ex situ and the test results were analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The percentage of periphyton abundance the Banjaran River is 28% from the class Bacillariophyceae (25 species), 21% Chlorophyceae (9 species), 21% Cyanophyceae (3 species), 16% Eugelenophyceae (2 species), and 16% Rhizopoda class (1 species). The abundance of periphyton at each station was 3,275–5,574 individuals/cm² with species abundance values of 26–22,904 individuals/cm², while the percentage values for the abundance of each class were Bacillariophycae (82%), Chlorophyceae (9%), Eugelenophyceae (6%), Cyanophyceae (2%), and Rhizopoda (1%). The water quality that greatly influences the value of periphyton abundance is TDS (Total Dissolved Solid). The influence of TDS content on the abundance of periphyton was 0.8 and the influence was negative.
Studi Ekologi Makroinvertebrata di Area Kolam Konservasi Ex-situ Kura-Kura Siebenrockiella crassicollis di Universitas Bengkulu Hasbi; Karyadi, Bhakti; Parlindungan, Deni; Uliyandari, Mellyta; Defianti, Aprina
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i1.9730

Abstract

Makroinvertebrata merupakan organisme tidak bertulang belakang yang memiliki ukuran kasat mata, memiliki habitat di darat, dalam  tanah, perairan meliputi air laut dan tawar. Kelompok makroinvertebrata di perairan bisa dijadikan bioindikator suatu perairan. Makroinvertebrata di perairan air tawar contohnya kelompok keong air tawar, serangga air, udang dan Clitellata seperti lintah. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2023 sampai Januari 2024 menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan leaf litter bags, jaring seser, dan mengambil sedimen dasar perairan menggunakan ember. Pengukuran parameter lingkungan dilakukan meliputi pengukuran intensitas cahaya, suhu air, tingkat keasaman (pH), oksigen terlarut (DO), kedalaman lumpur, dan kedalaman air. Analisis data menggunakan indeks Shannon-Wiener, indeks Eveness dan indeks Simpson. Hasil identifikasi makroinvertebrata menunjukkan terdapat 16 spesies terdiri atas 13 famili dan 4 kelas. Indeks keanekaragaman makroinvertebrata di area kolam konservasi ex-situ kura-kura Siebenrockiella crassicollis Universitas Bengkulu secara umum tekanan ekologis berada pada kondisi tekanan rendah hingga sedang, dapat dilihat pada nilai H’ berkisar antara 0,981 sampai 1,577, indeks keseragaman berkisar antara 0,354 sampai 0,569 dan indeks dominansi berkisar antara 0,342 sampai 0,506. Kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominansi makroinvertebrata dipengaruhi oleh parameter fisika kimia dan kondisi lingkungan. 
Keanekaragaman Biota Sungai Sebagai Bioindikator Kualitas Sungai di Wilayah Jatimalang Kabupaten Sukoharjo Nurrohmah, Desrini Prapti; Hapsari, Ananda Tri; Insani, Mentari Suri; Astuti, Rahma Isnaini Puji; Fortuna, Viky Sabela Dewi; Ramli, Murni
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 2 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i2.9807

Abstract

Sungai memegang peranan penting dalam menopang kehidupan,namun, kesehatan ekologisnya semakin terancam oleh polusi, yang menyebabkan penurunan kualitas air. Di Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Indonesia, sungai yang mengalir melalui Wilayah Jatimalang telah teridentifikasi tercemar secara signifikan, ditandai dengan air yang terus-menerus keruh. Kekeruhan ini kemungkinan besar disebabkan oleh pembuangan limbah antropogenik dari masyarakat sekitar. Untuk menilai sejauh mana tingkat pencemaran ini, studi biomonitoring dilakukan dengan mengevaluasi keanekaragaman komunitas makroinvertebrata bentik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di tiga stasiun pengambilan sampel, mengidentifikasi total 253 individu yang terdiri dari 12 spesies dari 11 famili. Indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H') yang dihitung untuk ketiga stasiun termasuk dalam kategori sedang (1<H′<3), dan Stasiun II menunjukkan keanekaragaman tertinggi, yaitu 1,526. Indeks dominansi (D) untuk semua stasiun secara konsisten rendah (0<D≤0,5). Analisis kelimpahan relatif mengungkapkan Sulcospira testudinaria sebagai spesies yang paling melimpah (24%), sedangkan Xylocopa pubescens, Pseudagrion microcephalum, dan Argiope aurantia adalah yang paling sedikit (0%). Temuan-temuan ini, khususnya keanekaragaman sedang dan dominansi rendah meskipun terdapat kekeruhan, membuktikan bahwa sungai di Wilayah Jatimalang mengalami gangguan ekologis yang signifikan dan tercemar.
Volatile Profiling of Root-Shoot and Fruits of Capsicum frutescens var. Salo Dua from Enrekang, Indonesia Nur, Fatmawati; Meriem, Selis
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 2 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i2.10003

Abstract

Capsicum frutescens var. Salo Dua is a local variety cultivated in Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi. It has unique traits of color transition during fruit ripening and extended post-harvest shelf life. However, the metabolite profiling in this potential variety has not been explored. This was an initial study that aimed to profile the volatile compounds in the root-shoot parts (as vegetative) and in the ripe fruits of Salo Dua variety. The instrument of Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to separate and characterize the volatile compounds. Our study revealed a higher number of forty-two volatiles in the ripe fruits compared to the twenty-eight volatiles in the shoot-root parts. The five major compositions of the chemical class in ripe fruits were characterized by the formation of alcohols (26%) followed by esters (19%), alkaloids (10%), fatty acids (10%), and ketones (7%). While the abundant volatiles in the root-shoot parts were shown by the presence of esters (29%), alcohols (21%), fatty acids (18%), alkaloids (11%), and heterocyclic (7%). There were nineteen volatiles that only emitted in the ripe fruits. Of which, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin were detected in the ripe fruits with an average relative area of 1% and 0.51%, subsequently.
Vigor Enhancement of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) using Spirulina platensis as Seed Priming Agent Pratiwi, Indah Wahyu; Rahmawati, Fitri Ayu; Samtani, Kariena; Atuilah, Nuning; Hidayatullah, Reza Aris; Alfiah, Nur Aini; Wilujeng, Elly Daru Ika; Anindita, Devina Cinantya; Shidiqi, Moh Hasbi Ash; Adnan, Moch. Rosyadi
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 2 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i2.10220

Abstract

Seed priming is a technique to enhance seed germination. Biopriming, a specific method, involves soaking seeds in biological agents such as Spirulina platensis, a microalga that can thrive in agricultural waste including Sugar Mill Effluent (SME). Spirulina sp. contains various beneficial growth hormones, making it a potential seed priming agent. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of tomato seed priming using Spirulina platensis grown on SME. The research was conducted from May to August 2024 at the Seed Technology Laboratory, Politeknik Negeri Jember. The research method used a factorial Completely Randomized Design which included Spirulina platensis biomass concentrations (0, 30, 45, and 60%) and soaking durations (1, 2, and 3 hours). Analysis of variance using the Bonferroni post-hoc test at a 5% level using GraphPad Prism version 5.01. The results showed that seed priming with S. platensis positively influenced several physiological parameters, including mean germination time, vigor index, seed growth rate, and shoot length. These findings demonstrated that SME-grown S. platensis cells capable of improving the physiological quality of tomato seeds, making it one of the environmentally friendly seed invigorating techniques.

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