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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 1,639 Documents
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Digital image characteristics for enhanced interpretation in child sexual violence case examinations Budiningsih, Yuli; Purwadianto, Agus; Yudhistira, Aria; Budiarso, Agusalam
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247169

Abstract

BACKGROUND Photography is an integrated part of standard forensic examination procedures, acting as a guide and the evidence itself. Despite its potential, no research has yet explored the use of 35mm format cameras (digital single-lens reflex [DSLR]) in sexual violence cases. This study aimed to assess the impact of DSLR camera image characteristics on the interpretation of child sexual abuse cases. METHODS This cross-sectional study used 55 digital photos selected through a convenience sampling. The samples were interpreted by two independent forensic experts who were not affiliated with this research and were compared with the results of the doctor’s examination from the medical records. RESULTS The metadata extraction results (EXIF data) indicated that all characteristic values had an abnormal distribution. The digital photos’ characteristics were associated with the use of a 50mm focal length (p = 0.011). A range of lens opening values (aperture = f7.1–f8.0), shutter speed (1/100–1/125 sec), and sensor sensitivity (ISO = 800–1600) were not associated with the experts’ interpretation conformity. Additionally, the conformity index for the overall interpretation by the two forensic experts differed in each area. CONCLUSIONS Focal length of 50mm was significantly related to interpretation conformity. The exposure triangle settings, including aperture (f7.1–f8.0), shutter speed (1/100–1/125 sec), and ISO (800–1600), can serve as fundamental guidelines for digital camera settings in examining child sexual violence cases.
Development of kidney transplantation as a healthcare development model to achieve Indonesia Emas 2045 Rasyid, Nur; Susalit, Endang; Rodjani, Arry
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 32 No. 3 (2023): September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.com.237171

Abstract

Efficacy and safety comparison between silodosin and tamsulosin as medical expulsive therapy for distal ureteral stones Rahman, Farhan Haidar Fazlur; Leonardo, Kevin; Ardaya, Radhyaksa; Atmoko, Widi; Parikesit, Dyandra
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 32 No. 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247180

Abstract

BACKGROUND Ureteral stones are a common urological condition causing significant discomfort and morbidity. Medical expulsive therapy (MET) is a noninvasive approach to facilitate the passage of stones. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of silodosin and tamsulosin as MET in patients with distal ureteral stones (DUS). METHODS We searched CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and ScienceDirect for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the administration of silodosin and tamsulosin for DUS. The primary outcomes analyzed were stone expulsion rates and expulsion times, measured as risk ratio (RR) and mean difference (MD), respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4 and STATA 17. RESULTS 14 RCTs comprising 1,535 patients (770 received silodosin) met the inclusion criteria. The silodosin group had notably higher stone expulsion rates (RR 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–1.27, p<0.00001, I² = 37%), shorter expulsion times (MD −2.98, 95% CI −4.35–−1.62, p<0.01, I² = 85%), and fewer colicky pain episodes (MD −0.35, 95% CI −0.59–−0.10, p<0.01, I² = 83%) than the tamsulosin group. Retrograde ejaculation was the only adverse event that had a significant difference between both groups, statistically favoring tamsulosin (RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.12–2.33, p = 0.01, I² = 0%). CONCLUSIONS Silodosin should be preferred as the first-line MET agent for DUS owing to its better expulsion rate, shorter stone expulsion time, and fewer colicky pain episodes. However, tamsulosin may be used in selected cases where patients experience retrograde ejaculation after receiving silodosin.
Obesity in urban Indonesia: evidence from the 2007 and 2018 Basic Health Research Ferdina, Ayunina Rizky; Arfines, Prisca Petty; Aryastami, Ni Ketut
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 33 No. 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247183

Abstract

BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity in urbanizing Indonesia is rising, where the double burden of malnutrition poses a significant challenge. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and increment of obesity-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) of diabetes and hypertension. METHODS Secondary data from the latest 2018 Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) were used to analyze the obesity rate and its associations with lifestyle, sociodemographics, and certain comorbidities among urban Indonesians. This study included non-pregnant adults aged ≥18 years who lived in the urban area and whose blood pressure and glucose levels were measured in the survey. Results were compared to a similar study using data from 2007. RESULTS The proportion of obesity among Indonesia’s urban population was more than doubled from 23.0% in 2007 to 50.1% in 2018 for obesity and 28.0% to 57.2% for central obesity. Additionally, females, individuals with higher socioeconomic status, and higher education levels exhibited a higher obesity prevalence. CONCLUSIONS Urban Indonesia has witnessed a dramatic rise in obesity prevalence. Our findings highlighted the urgent need for policymakers to consider the escalating prevalence of NCDs associated with obesity. Strengthening and concretizing health promotion and prevention policies at the community level are crucial to combat this alarming public health challenge.
Diagnostic value and clinical significance of high-resolution ultrasonography compared to magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing temporomandibular joint dislocation: a systematic review Salamah, Thariqah; Harefa, Glancius Nironsta
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247184

Abstract

BACKGROUND Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation is uncommon, yet it is associated with a significant negative effect on the patient’s quality of life. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a gold standard for diagnosing TMJ dislocation, is expensive, time-consuming, and cannot be performed on patients with pacemakers and metallic prostheses. On the other hand, high-resolution ultrasonography (HRUS) has low cost, high accessibility, and is less time-consuming. This study aimed to compare the accuracy and reliability of HRUS to MRI in diagnosing TMJ dislocation. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and EBSCOhost databases. Keywords such as temporomandibular joint dislocation, temporomandibular displacement, MRI, and ultrasonography were utilized for the search. The articles obtained were then selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the quality assessment was conducted using the QUADAS-2 tool. RESULTS 5 studies were included in this systematic review. The critical appraisal results showed sensitivity ranging from 74.3–93.7%, specificity from 84.2–100%, positive predictive value from 68.2–100%, negative predictive value from 64.0–98.3%, and accuracy from 77.7–91.7% of HRUS compared to MRI. CONCLUSIONS HRUS is a reliable method for diagnosing TMJ dislocation. However, MRI is still necessary in selected and more advanced cases.
Clinical and microbiological characteristics of onychomycosis in a tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study Widaty, Sandra; Oktarina, Caroline; Marissa, Melani; Adawiyah, Robiatul; Rozaliyani, Anna; Kartika, Emiliana; Tugiran, Mulyati
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247201

Abstract

BACKGROUND Onychomycosis is a common fungal nail infection with a low cure rate. While dermatophytes are the most common causal agent for onychomycosis, the incidence of Candida and nondermatophyte mold (NDM) onychomycosis is increasing. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and microbiological characteristics of patients with onychomycosis. METHODS Patients who visited the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, and were diagnosed with onychomycosis from 2017 to 2022 were included. Diagnosis was established through clinical examination, supported by the result of direct microscopic examination with potassium hydroxide. RESULTS Of 171 patients, 93.6% had onychodystrophy, 65.5% were females, and 62.0% were aged 19–59 years. Most patients had onychodystrophy in more than three nails, affecting fingernails (31.6%) and toenails (34.5%). Interestingly, 84.8% of patients had no history of nail diseases. The median onset of disease was 24.0 (1–1,040) weeks, while the median onychomycosis severity index was 10.0 (2–40). Most cases were caused by Candida albicans (48.3%). Fusarium was the only NDM documented (2.3%). Some patients were resistant to itraconazole (11.4%) and miconazole (4.5%). Overall, 49.1% of the patients were declared not cured. CONCLUSIONS Candida was the predominant cause of onychomycosis, and onychodystrophy was the dominant feature. Current treatment regimens with systemic or topical antifungal agents did not yield satisfactory results, with more than half of the patients deemed not cured.
DNA quality and quantity in adipose tissue: a comparison of the effects of bomb explosion Leonardo; Sugiharto, Ade Firmansyah; Indriatmi, Wresti; Atmadja, Djaja Surya; Yudianto, Ahmad; Herkutanto; Widodo, Wahyu
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 32 No. 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247206

Abstract

BACKGROUND Adipose tissue is often overlooked in DNA testing due to misconceptions about its DNA content. However, its shock-absorbing qualities may be useful for high-pressure scenarios like bomb blasts. This study aimed to evaluate DNA quality and quantity in adipose tissue affected by blasts compared to that in unaffected tissue. METHODS 10 adipose tissue samples were taken from regions near and far from the blast, representing the blast-exposed and non-blast-exposed groups. The adipose tissue was stored at a low temperature for 5 days, after which an organic extraction method was applied. The purity of the DNA extract was assessed using a NanoDrop spectrophotometer, and its integrity was evaluated using 0.8% concentration gel electrophoresis at 60 V for 90 min. DNA typing was conducted using the GlobalFiler™ kit, and DNA quantity was determined with the Quantifiler™ Trio DNA Quantification kit. RESULTS Of 20 DNA extracts from adipose tissue, all samples demonstrated purity, integrity, and complete typing results. Adequate integrity was found in 90% of samples in both groups. A 50% incidence of allele shifting was observed at the D7S820 locus within the blast-exposed group. CONCLUSIONS DNA from blast-exposed adipose tissue exhibited no significant quality or quantity differences from non-blast-exposed tissue. This suggested adipose tissue’s potential as an alternative DNA source in a bomb explosion.
Psychosocial impacts of coughing in public places during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in the western region of Saudi Arabia Alahmadi, Abdulrahman Dakheel; Mandeeli, Amjed Yunus; Alshamrani, Abdulaziz Mohammed; Alharbi, Mohsen Hani; Ahmed , Mohamed Eldigire; Kumar, Raju Suresh
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247213

Abstract

BACKGROUND Dry cough is a prevalent symptom of COVID-19. During the pandemic, people may mistake this cough for symptoms associated with other respiratory diseases. This increases the risk of individuals with a cough being falsely judged as having COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the impact of coughing in public places on adults’ mental and social well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and to explore the role of demographic factors in the relationship between coughing and psychosocial life in public places in the western region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in the western region of Saudi Arabia, targeting healthy adults aged ≥18 years. The participants were randomly selected using a cluster sampling technique. Data were collected through a self-administered validated questionnaire to explore the psychosocial impact of coughing in public places during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the questionnaire collected demographic information, smoking habits, cough frequency, consumption of cough medications, history of mild respiratory diseases, and family history of chronic respiratory illnesses. The mean and standard deviation were used to calculate continuous variables, and frequency and percentages were used to present categorical variables. We analyzed the relationships between study variables using the analysis of variance test. RESULTS 288 adults participated in the study, with a 67.2% agreement score. 82.0% of the participants avoided people who coughed in public, while 51.8% felt angry and frustrated when someone coughed in public during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 has changed how people react to coughing in public. Mild coughs can be mistaken for COVID-19, leading to avoidance.
Changes in body weight and healthy lifestyle perception of Indonesian adults during COVID-19 pandemic Septiyana, Sorra Milwayani; Aji, Arif Sabta; Paratmanitya, Yhona
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 33 No. 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247222

Abstract

BACKGROUND Social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted eating patterns and psychological status, leading to changes in body weight and perceptions of a healthy lifestyle in society. This study aimed to investigate the effect of social restrictions on weight changes and perceptions of a healthy lifestyle in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling on 287 Indonesian adults from June to August 2020. The data were collected using a self-administered online questionnaire using Google Forms. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS There was no effect of social restrictions on weight changes and perceptions of lifestyle in adults (p = 0.900 and 0.748, respectively). However, 112 respondents (78.3%) had positive perceptions or supported adopting a healthy lifestyle under large-scale social restrictions. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that adults aged 36–45 years had a 3.6 times higher risk of weight changes than young adults aged 25–35 years (p = 0.004, OR = 3.65, 95% CI = 1.51–8.85). CONCLUSIONS Social restrictions did not affect weight changes and perceptions of a healthy lifestyle in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. However, older adults might have a higher risk of body weight changes. Controlling body weight is important to prevent further weight gain and the risk of noncommunicable diseases that can aggravate COVID-19.
Efficacy of cilostazol in promoting the maturation of newly created arteriovenous fistula in patients with end-stage renal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis Willim, Herick Alvenus; Sugandi, Erica; Rosa; Sani, Alvin Ariyanto; Khouw, Hengky
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.247252

Abstract

BACKGROUND Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is considered the gold standard for vascular access in hemodialysis. However, achieving the successful maturation of AVF remains a challenge. Cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor, has shown promise in enhancing AVF maturation. This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of cilostazol in promoting AVF maturation. METHODS This meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, and Google Scholar to identify studies investigating the efficacy of cilostazol on the maturation of newly created AVF in patients with end-stage renal disease and published up to August 2023. The intervention group received perioperative cilostazol therapy, while the control group did not receive cilostazol. The outcomes were the maturation rate of AVF and AVF-related complications. Meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager software version 5.3. RESULTS 5 studies involving 549 patients were included. The intervention group comprised 228 patients, while the control group comprised 321 patients. In the pooled analysis, patients in the intervention group had a significantly higher rate of AVF maturation (odds ratio [OR] = 2.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–3.68, p = 0.003, I2 = 47%) and a lower rate of AVF-related complications (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.28–0.77, p = 0.003, I2 = 27%) compared to the control. CONCLUSIONS Cilostazol was associated with a higher rate of AVF maturation and a lower rate of AVF-related complications.

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