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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Published by Badan Penelitian dan Penegembangan Kehutanan
ISSN : 02164329     EISSN : 24428957     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,559 Documents
 143   144   145   146   147 
PENGARUH JENIS KAYU DAN BAHAN PENGHAMBAT API TERHADAP SIFAT PERAMBATAN API Tjutju Nurhayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 16, No 4 (1999): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1999.16.4.209-218

Abstract

Pengaruh perlakuan pelaburan 4 jenis kayu hutan tanaman industri yaitu tusam (Pinus merkusii), mangium (Acacia mangium), sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) dan meranti (Shorea sp.) dengan 2 jenis bahan penghambat api yaitu hartindo dan natrium silikat terhadap sifat perambatan api dibahas dalam penelitian ini. Parameter yang diamati adalah suhu awal dan akhir pembakaran, penurunan berat, panjang dan laju dari perambatan api. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa :1.Suhu awal pembakaran, kadar penurunan berat dan laju perambatan api yang paling rendah yaitu masing­masing 82°C-101°C dan 1,93%­2,705% serta 58.14 cm/menit­65,41 cm/menit terdapat pada kayu meranti. Suhu awal pembakaran yang paling tinggi terdapat pada tusam yaitu 126°-173,5°C, sedang kadar penurunan berat dan laju perambatan api yang paling tinggi terdapat pada sengon yaitu 5,21%­7,51% serta 106,11 cm/menit­110,4 cm/menit.2.Kayu mangium dan sengon yang diproteksi dengan natrium silikat berpengaruh pada sifat perambatan api yaitu kadar penurunan berat dan laju perambatan api menjadi lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kayu tanpa proteksi.3.Bahan penghambat api natriumsilikat lebih baik dari hartindo dalam hal mereduksi kadar penurunan berat pada kayu tusam, mangium dan sengon.4.Kayu meranti tidak perlu diproteksi dengan bahan penghambat api oleh karena sifat perambatan api dari kayu ini tanpa proteksi adalah yang terbaik dibandingkan dari ketiga jenis lainnya (walaupun jenis ini dilapisi oleh bahan penghambat api).
PEMBUATAN MINYAK CENDANA DENGAN CARA PENYULINGAN UAP LANGSUNG Erik Dahlian; Hartoyo Hartoyo
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 15, No 6 (1998): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1998.15.6.385-394

Abstract

Penelitian pembuatan minyak cendana dengan menggunakan destilasi uap langsung dibahas dalam tulisan ini. Tujuan  penelitian ini untuk menemukan kondisi optimum perlakuan bahan baku dan lama penyulingan untuk menghasilkan rendemen minyak yang tertinggi dan kualitasya yang baik.Perlakuan terhadap ukuran partikel kayu yang digunakan ada 3 macam  masing-masing lolos saringan 40 mesh, tertahan saringan 40 mesh dan campuran partikel kayu dari  50 persen lolos  40  mesh dan 50 persen tertahan 40  mesh. Proses destilasi untuk setiap perlakuan dilakukan selama  25 jam di dalam alat gelas yang berkapasitas 500 gr  contoh dalam  bentuk serbuk.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa,  perlakuan  ukuran partikel dan lama penyulingan memberikan  pengaruh terhadap rendemen minyak. Rendemen minyak  tertinggi  adalah  2,25 persen diperoleh  dari hasil penyulingan selama 21  jam terhadap campuran 50 persen partikel kayu  berukuran lolos saringan  40 mesh dan 50 persen  tertahan saringan 40 mesh. Besarnya rendemen    tersebut setara  dengan  rendemen minyak cendana yang diproduksi dari pabrik minyak  cendana di Kupang  yaitu berkisar 2-3 persen.Analisis  fisiko-kimia minyak  cendana menunjukkan hasil  sebagai  berikut  :  kadar  total santalol sebesar 93,32 persen, berat jenis  0,9729, indek  bias 1,5006, bilangan asam 4,94, bilangan  ester 6,35, bilangan  ester setelah  asetilasi 201,9 dan nilai tersebut semuanya memenuhi syarat SNI.Kandungan  santalol  minyak cendana  dari  hasil  percobaan (93,32 persen)  menunjukkan hasil yang lebih tinggi daripada persyaratan  SNI (minimal 90 persen).  Kendatipun demikian sifat lain seperti  putaran optik (-11°} dan kelarutan dalam alkohol 70 persen, (1 : 6) masih belum sesuai dengan spesifikasi SNI yang menyatakan untuk putaran optik (-15°) -  (-20°) dan kelarutan dalam alkohol 70 persen, 1 : 5.
PENGARUH PENGERASAN MATA GERGAJI DAN POLA PENGGERGAJIAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PENGGERGAJIAN KAYU KARET Osly Rachman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 5 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.5.318-328

Abstract

This  article presents   study   result  on sawing  characteristics   of  rubberwood   (Havea  brasiliensis  Muell.  Arg.) subjected to  different cutting  edge  hardness  and  sawing pattern.   The  material   used  in study   comprised   40  logs with  length  1.30   m and  diameter   ranging from   13.  75 to  26.00   cm.  Half  of  these  logs were sawn with  full stellite  cutting  edge and live sawing pattern.  The  rest  were  sawn  with  alternate  stellite   tiped  cutting   edge and  half  sawing pattern.   The parameters   studied  in sawing  process   consisted   of  power   consumption,    feeding   rate,  recovery,  productivity     and  the  relationship   between   log diameter  and log taper with  recovery.The  result  of  statistical  analysis  shows  that  sawblade   with  alternate  stellite  tiped  consums  less power  compared  with full  stellite   tiped,  Meanwhile  cutting   edge  hardness  has no significant   effect  on feeding  rate. The result also indicates  that  live sawing  and  half sawing pattern   yield  recovery  as  much  as 35.9%   and  40.9%   respectively   which  was significantly   dif- ferent  each others.  Finally,  sawing productivity    is not significantly   affected   by sawing pattern   applied. 
PROSPEK PENGEMBANGAN TANANAMAN LANGKA DITINJAU DARI SIFAT ARANG DAN ASPEK LAINNYA Sri Komarayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 2 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1995.13.2.45-51

Abstract

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk) is a multi purpose tree species. An analysis showed that Jackfruit wood contains cellulose content 56. 74%, lignin content 28.76%, pentosan content 18.64%, yield of charcoal 38.74 %, calorific value of charcoal 7108.37 cal/g and charcoal briquette has moisture content 5.10%, ash content 3.06%, volatile matter 25.51%, fixed carbon 71.23%, density 0.63 g/cm3, compression strength 350 kg/cm2 and calorific value 6487. 28 cal/g.Further study showed that Jackfruit leaf has moisture content 14.50%, ash content 5.24%, silica 3.60% , cellulose 38.83%, lignin 24.18% and pentosan 4.56%. This leaves is suitables for cattle fodder.Based on the analysis, Jackfruit wood is suitable for energy sources. Besides that Jackfruit plant can be used for export comodity, source of income and as intercropping plant which caused increasing of growth percentage of main plant upper than 85% and can increase 15 -20% of income of forest farmer (tumpang sari participant).
PENGARUH TEMPAT TUMBUH, JENIS DAN DIAMETER BATANG TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS POHON PENGHASIL BIJI TENGKAWANG Ina Winarni; E S Sumadiwangsa; Dendy Setyawan
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 22, No 1 (2004): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2004.22.1.23-33

Abstract

Tengkawang is one of the leading commodity of non timber forest products in West Kalimantan. Tengkawang commodity ls sold in the form of dry seed mainly for export. Meanwhile, the processed products derived from tengkawang such as tengkawang oil are sent back to Indonesia as imported finished and half-finished items. This investigation was mainly aimed at assessing the effect of growth site, species, and diameter of tengkawang producing trees on the seed productivity. The target was to procure reliable data/information on productivity and technical growth increment which can befurther useful as a guidance in developing tengkawang-seed busines.          The result revealed that the highest productivity of tengkawang seeds indicated by the trees with a diameter in the range of 60 -90 cm. The results revealed that, the seed production was 555,7 kg per tree per harvest. The highest seed productivity was indicated by Shorea stenoptera Burk trees growing in Sanggau, i.e. 620,9 kg per trees per harvest. It is suggested that based on the honestly significant difference's range test, the promising development of tengkawang cultivation in rank by species from the most until the least was consecutively Shorea stenoptera Burk, Shorea stenoptera Burk Forma Ardikusuma, and Shorea palembanica Miq. respectively, All species grow in Sintang and Sanggau.
SIFAT PAPAN SEMEN SABUT KELAPA Rozak Memed; Paribotro Sutigno; I M Sulastiningsih
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 1, No 4 (1984): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1984.1.4.24-26

Abstract

The report  deals  with  laboratory  tests  on  the properties   of cement board  made  from   coconut husk bonded  with  Portland  cement. The test  includes  board  density,   moisture   content.   thickness reduction due to  and bending strength.The  result reveals that the physical   and  mechanical  properties   of  cement  board  made   with  Ca(OH)2 and K2SO4) Al2 (S04)3 mineralizing fluid produces  better  quality  board  compared with that using CaCl2. The physical  and mechanical  properties   of cement boards  with  Ca(OH)2 and  (K2SO4) Al2  (S04)3   conform   to  the  DIN 1101 standard. The bending  strength  of cement  board  made with CaCl2 does not conform  to the DIN 1101 standard. 
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN UREA DAN AMONIUM KARBONAT PADA PEREKAT UREA FORMAIDEHIDA TERHADAP EMISI FORMALDEHIDA DAN SIFAT FISIS-MEKANIS PAPAN PARTIKEL Paribotro Sutigno; Adl Santoso
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 9, No 2 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1991.9.2.63 - 69

Abstract

The  formaldehye  emission  of  particleboard  bonded   with  urea  formaldehyde  (UFJ  cain  affect  human  hseith. sepecially if It  used  in a room with limited ventilation. To reduce formaldehyde emission,  the glue can be  mixed with catching agent.  In  this paper, the effect  of  using  urea and  ammonium carbonate as catching agents  on   fermaldehyde emission,and on the physical and mechanical properties of UF bonded particleboard  is described.the effect of catching agent type on formaldehyde emission is not signifivant while effect of percentage,of catching agent is highly significant on formaldehyde emission. The higher  the percentage  of catching agent, the lower  formaldehye emission of particleboard. The formaldehyde emission reaches  the requirement (max. 1  ug/ml) at the leve of  18% of amntonium carbonate or 14%  of the mixture of ammonium carbonate and urea. Type  and percentage of catching agent aflect   water absoprtion, thickness  swelling, internal bond strength,shear  strength and modulus of rupture,but not the modulus of elasticity. 
KEPERIDIAN DAN RASIO SEKS KETURUNAN KUMBANG AMBROSIA XYLEBORUS FERRUGINEUS YANG DIPELIHARA PADA MEDIA SERBUK LIMA JENIS KAYU1) Paimin Sukartana
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 5 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.5.340-342

Abstract

Ambrosia   beetle  Xvleborus ferrugineus (Coleoptera:  Scolytidae)   was reared on sawdust  based artificial  media  of five wood  species,  i.e.  bireh(Betula sp.),.   elm  (Ulmus  americana), jack  pine   (Pinus sp.),   oak  (Quercus sp.),  and  an  unknown species.  Each  sawdust   media  was prepared   in  capped  test  tubes  and  one  female  beetle per  tube  was then  introduced.   The culture   media  were  incubated   in a  dark  room  at  28°C  and  70%  RH  for  40  days.The  result  showed   that  the  most  fecund   cultures,   by  mean  of  25.9  and  24.0  progenies  per  tube,   were  respectively produced    by  the  beetles  reared  on  the  elm  and  unknown  sawdust   diets.   The  moderate   fecundity,   producing   15.6  and 14.2 progenies  per tube,  was respectively   yielded   on  the  oak  and birch media,  and the less fecund  one,  9.4 progenies  each tube,  was that  on  the jack  pine  sawdust  diet.  The female  beetle  reared on the  entire diets yielded  progenies  with  a spanan- droua sex ratios ranging from  18.B   to 24.1  females per one  male.  There  is no dignificant  difference   among  the progeny's   sex ratios produced   by  the  beetle  reared on  the  various culture  media.
PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS DAN EFISIENSI PENEBANGAN KAYU MANGIUM DI SATU PERUSAHAAN HUTAN TANAMAN DI PROPINSI JAMBI Sona Suhartana; Marolop Sinaga; Ishak Sumantri
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 22, No 3 (2004): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2004.22.3.175-182

Abstract

Implementation  of  felling  technique in the timber  estate is not  yet practiced  efficiently and appropriately.  Study  on  the lowest possible felling  technique  (LPFT) is considered  important to increase fellingproductivity and felling  efficiency. This study was carried out at a timber estate  in iambi  in 2003. The aim of this study was to determine the effectof LPFT on fellingproductivity and efficiency.Data collected in this regard were: working time,  wood volume, productivity,  efficiency, stump height and felling  cost.  Two-categories data were analyzed with respect to their possible differences using a t-test.Results revealed that implementation of LPFT brought out more convenient impacts in comparison  to  the  conventional felling   technique  (CFT),   as follows:   (1)   Felling  productivity increased  at  3.177  m3/hr;  (2) felling efficiency  increased  approximately  7.4%;  (3) felling cost decreased by some Rp 159.1;   and (4) the average stump height were 21.14  cm for LPFT  and 32.83 cmforCFT
EFISIENSI TATANIAGA EKSPOR BIJI TENGKAWANG DARI KALIMANTAN BARAT Satria Astana; Subandi Antaatmaja; Rachman Effendi; Buharman Buharman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.1-9

Abstract

Efficiency  of marketing  system has an important  role in supply and demand  balance.  It could be indicated by the marketing margin. A lower marketing  margin  would  mean  lower prices  to consumers, higher prices  to producers,  and a greater quantity  of  the good  exchange.The marketing system for illipe-nuts export from West Kalimantan has two main channels,  intermediate  sellers and exporters. The price spread analysis reveals that the marketing system  mechanism  is inefficient. The farmer margin is 45.83%  and  the marketing  margin is 54.17%  of the export price. The marketing margin consists of 32.27% of profit (and risk) margin and 21.90% of marketing  cost.  The biggest marketing cost is on the intermediate  seller (12.50%). However,  the highest margin for  profit  (and risk) is on the exporter  (19.76%);   the margin for  profit  (and risk) for  the intermediate  seller is 12.5%  and  the marketing  cost for the exporter  is 9.40%..In the marketing system, the farmer's earning is 17.01% of  the production cost  when poor  harvest; the production cost  is Rp. 64276.38 includes 58.41% of accomodation costs, 35.99%  of transportation   costs and 5.60%  of  tool  costs. In the rich harvest,  the farmer's earning  is estimated  at 30.0%  of the production  cost under the assumption  that the decreasing of the price due to the production   increases is about  18%. If inefficiency of  the marketing  system  can be overcomed, the farmer's earning both  in the poor and rich harvests  will be able to increase.

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