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INDONESIA
Jurnal Hortikultura
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 08537097     EISSN : 25025120     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Hortikultura (J.Hort) memuat artikel primer yang bersumber dari hasil penelitian hortikultura, yaitu tanaman sayuran, tanaman hias, tanaman buah tropika maupun subtropika. Jurnal Hortikultura diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hortikultura, Badan Litbang Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian. Jurnal Hortikultura terbit pertama kali pada bulan Juni tahun 1991, dengan empat kali terbitan dalam setahun, yaitu setiap bulan Maret, Juni, September, dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,166 Documents
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Induksi dan Regenerasi Embriogenesis Somatik Pepaya Sutanto, Agus; Aziz, M A
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 2 (2006): Juni 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Penelitian ini bertujuan menginduksi dan meregenerasi embrio somatik dari embrio zigotik buah pepaya muda kultivar Eksotika II. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Jabatan Sains Tanaman, Universiti Putra Malaysia pada bulan Januari sampai Agustus 2001. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan perlakuan kombinasi beberapa konsentrasi 2,4-D (1,0; 2,5 dan 5,0 mg/l) dan BAP (0; 0,001; 0,005; dan 0,01 mg/l). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media MS yang mengandung 5,0 mg/l 2,4-D membentuk embrio somatik tertinggi (74,55%) dan kombinasi dari 2,4-D 1,0 mg/l dan BAP 0,01 mg/l menghasilkan kalus tertinggi (52,58%) pada 8 minggu setelah kultur. Jumlah embrio somatik per eksplan terbanyak (66,61) diperoleh pada media MS dengan 5,0 mg/l 2,4-D dan 0,01 mg/l BAP. Pemasakan embrio diperoleh dengan memindahkan embrio globular ke media padat MS tanpa zat pengatur tumbuh. Empat minggu setelah kultur, 42% embrio somatik berkecambah setelah embrio masak. Plantlet siap diaklimatisasi pada 8 minggu setelah kultur ke media perkecambahan. Sistem perbanyakan dan regenerasi embrio somatik pepaya ini dapat menunjang keberhasilan pemuliaan tanaman pepaya modern melalui transformasi genetikThe experiments with the objectives to induce and regenerate somatic embryogenesis were carried out at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of Crop Science Department, Universiti Putra Malaysia from January to August 2001. The experiments involved the induction of somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos of papaya cv. Eksotika II and regeneration of plantlets from the somatic embryos. A nonfactorial completely randomized design was used as experimental design with treatments of the 2.4-D combinations concentrations (1.0; 2.5 and 5.0 mg/l) and BAP concentrations (0; 0.001; 0.005 and 0.01 mg/l). The results showed that MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D 5.0 mg/l promoted the highest percentage of somatic embryogenesis (74.55%), while the combination of 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.01 mg/l BAP produced the highest percentage of callus formation (52.58%) after 8 weeks of culture. The highest number of somatic embryos per explant (66.61) was obtained when 5.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.01 mg/l BAP were added into MS medium. Maturation of somatic embryos was achieved on transfering the globular somatic embryos derived from zigotic embryo to solid MS medium without growth regulator. After 4 weeks of culture, 42% germinated somatic embryo was occurred following maturation of somatic embryos. Plantlets were ready for acclimatization to germination medium 8 weeks after culture. Somatic embryogenesis system could enhance the successful of the modern papaya breeding program through genetic transformation.
Perbaikan Produksi Jamur Tiram dengan Modifikasi Bahan Baku Utama Media Bibit Sumiati, Ety; Suryaningsih, E; Puspitasati, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 2 (2006): Juni 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Faktor budidaya jamur tiram yang terpenting adalah aplikasi media bibit induk yang berkualitas. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Ekofisiologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang (1.250 m dpl.) dari bulan September 2003 sampai Maret 2004.Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan jenis bahan baku media bibit jamur tiram dan lama waktu perebusan yang terbaik sebelum disusun sebagai formula media bibit. Kriteria kualitas media bibit dinyatakan dalam satuan waktu, yaitu kecepatan waktu awal dan waktu akhir miselium tumbuh memenuhi botol wadah media bibit. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan RAK pola faktorial dengan 2 ulangan. Faktor pertama lama waktu perebusan awal bahan baku. Faktor kedua jenis bahan baku utama media terdiri atas 21 jenis. Formula media bibit induk juga menggunakan standar formula petani. Bibit jamur tiram menggunakan spesies Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida dari Applied Plant Research, Belanda. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa hampir semua jenis bahan baku yang dicoba dapat digunakan sebagai media bibit kecuali biji oat. Bahan baku utama media bibit induk jamur tiram yang terbaik adalah millet + SKG 1:1, yaitu  menghasilkan koloni miselium yang kompak, berwarna putih bersih, dan pertumbuhannya konsisten. Bahan baku SKG, beras merah, dan millet tidak perlu direbus, sedangkan oat, wheat, jali lokal tidak dikupas, jali impor, kacang merah, dan kacang hijau perlu direbus selama 15-30 menit.The  very  important step in oyster mushrooms cultivation is application of high quality  of  spawn media. The study was conducted at Ecophysiology Lab. Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute in Lembang (1,250 m asl) from September 2003 to March 2004. The goals of this experiment were to get proper kinds of raw materials for spawn media, and the duration of media sterilization. Criteria of good raw materials for spawn media is expressed in minimum total days needed for the growth of mycelium to cover the spawn media (full colonization). A randomized block design with a factorial pattern was set up. The first factor was duration of sterilization by boiling of main raw materials for 0, 15, 30, and 45 minutes, respectively. The second factor was 21kinds of raw materials including formula for spawn media used by farmers. All treatment combinations were replicated 2 times. Oyster mushroom species used in the experiment was white Pleurotus ostreatus strain  Florida from Applied Plant Research, Netherlands. Research results revealed that in general almost all kinds of raw materials and their combinations were suitable for spawn media of oyster mushroom, except oat grains. The best raw material for spawn media was millet grains+sawdust 1:1. This combination gave the highest quality of mycelium performance with compact colonization, consistent growth, and very clean-white mycelium. Sawdust, red rice, and millet were the best spawn media and can be used directly, while oat, wheat, local jali, imported jali, red bean, and mungbean can be used through 15-30 minutes sterilization.
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil 20 Progeni Kentang Asal Biji Botani di Dataran Tinggi Pangalengan, Jawa Barat Gunadi, Nirkadi
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 2 (2006): Juni 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Percobaan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan hasil umbi dari 20 progeni TPS baru dari CIP-Lima, Peru telah dilaksanakan di Desa Padaawas (1.400 m dpl.), Pangalengan, Jawa Barat dari bulan Agustus sampai Desember 2004. Umbi semaian 20 progeni TPS baru, ditanam pada petak-petak percobaan yang diatur dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan ulangan 4 kali. Kentang kultivar Granola digunakan sebagai kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 4 progeni TPS, yaitu AL-624 x TPS-67, CFK-69-1 x TPS-67, MF-II x C95LB-13.2, dan MF-II x TPS-67 memberikan hasil umbi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hasil umbi dari progeni-progeni lainnya. Hasil umbi per tanaman dari keempat progeni TPS tersebut sebanding dengan hasil umbi per tanaman dari kultivar Granola. Dua progeni yaitu AL-624 x TPS-67 dan CFK-69-1 x TPS-67 juga memberikan hasil umbi per ha sebanding dengan hasil umbi per ha kultivar Granola. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan untuk pemilihan progeni TPS dalam menggunakan TPS sebagai alternatif bahan tanam dalam produksi kentang, selain umbi bibit tradisional.An onfarm experiment to determine the plant growth and tuber yields of 20 new TPS progenies from CIP-Lima, Peru was conducted in Padaawas, 1,400 m asl., Pangalengan, West Java from August to December 2004. Seedling tuber of 20 new TPS progenies were grown in the experimental plots, which were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The common cultivar of cv. Granola was used as control. The results indicated that 4 progenies of AL-624 x TPS-67, CFK-69-1 x TPS-67, MF-II x C95LB-13.2, and MF-II x TPS-67 had the higher tuber yields than those of other progenies. These 4 progenies had comparable tuber yields per plant to that of cv. Granola. Two progenies of AL-624 x TPS-67 and CFK-69-1 x TPS-67 had also comparable tuber yields per ha to that of cv. Granola. The results could be used as a recommendation in order to select TPS progenies as alternative planting material in potato production using TPS other than traditional seed tuber.
Perbaikan Produksi Jamur Tiram Pleurotus ostreatus Strain Florida dengan Modifikasi Bahan Baku Utama Substrat Sumiati, Ety; Suryaningsih, E; Puspitasari, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 16, No 2 (2006): Juni 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Daya hasil jamur tiram putih masih perlu diperbaiki. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan jenis bahan baku alternatif selain serbuk kayu gergaji albasia dengan penambahan bahan aditif berupa bekatul untuk budidaya jamur tiram putih. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah  dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama adalah bekatul konsentrasi 5, 10, 15, dan 20%. Anak petak 13 jenis bahan baku utama substrat. Bibit jamur tiram putih menggunakan spesies Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida yang diintroduksi dari Applied Plant Research, Belanda. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran , Lembang  (1.250 m dpl.), Jawa Barat dari bulan November 2003 sampai Mei 2004. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa aplikasi substrat serbuk kayu gergaji albasia dikombinasikan dengan bekatul 5% menghasilkan bobot segar jamur tiram putih tertinggi, yaitu 2.317,36 g/kg bobot substrat basah dengan efisiensi biologis  (EB) 81,03%. Hasil tersebut dicapai selama  65 hari  masa berproduksi dengan jumlah panen 12 kali. Selain serbuk kayu gergaji (SKG) albasia, bahan baku substrat berupa SKG campuran, daun pisang kering, jerami padi, rumput alang-alang, dan bagas/ampas tebu dengan penambahan bekatul antara 5-15%, juga merupakan bahan baku alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai baku substrat untuk budidaya jamur tiram putih. Hasil bobot segar jamur tiram dari berbagai jenis bahan baku alternatif, yaitu antara 600 sampai 1.200 g/kg bobot basah substrat dengan nilai EB antara 10 sampai 35%The goal of this experiment was to find out alternatively suitable materials for substrates  other than sawdust combined with the application of rice bran as additive materials. A split plot design with 3 replications was set up. Main plot was rice bran concentrations of 5, 10, 15, and 20%, respectively. Subplot was 13 kinds of substrate materials. The experiment was carried out at Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute in Lembang (1,250 m asl), West Java from November 2003 to May 2004. Oyster mushroom species used in the experiment was Pleurotus ostreatus strain Florida from Applied Plant Research, The Netherlands. The results of the experiment revealed that application of sawdust albizia in combination with 5% of rice bran produced the highest fresh yield of white oyster mushroom, viz. 2 317.36 g/kg wet substrate with biological efficiency (BE) of 81.03%. This yield was produced during 65 days with  12 times of total number of harvests. Other kinds of substrates, viz. mixed sawdust, dry banana leaves,  rice straw, sedge grass leaves, and sugar cane bagasse in combination with rice bran of 5 to 15%, could be applied as  alternative substrate materials other than sawdust of albizia for cultivating white oyster mushroom. The yield of fresh oyster mushroom using those kinds of alternative substrates mentioned, viz.  600 to 1,200 g/kg wet substrate with BE of 10 to 35%.
Optimasi Pupuk dalam Usahatani LEISA Bawang Merah di Dataran Rendah Asandhi, Aziz Azirin; Nurtika, Nunung; Sumarni, Nani
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 3 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Usahatani bawang merah telah dianggap menggunakan input bahan kimia sintetik terlalu tinggi, sehingga perlu dicari teknologi alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan dengan mengganti sebagian input kimia sintetik dengan bahan alami, seperti bahan organik. Untuk itu, diadakan kegiatan penelitian di Desa Kemukten, Kecamatan Kersana dari bulan Juni sampai dengan September 2003 menggunakan bawang merah varietas bangkok warso yang ditanam dengan jarak 17x17 cm. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan macam pupuk organik dan dosis pupuk NPK untuk meningkatkan hasil sayuran dalam usahatani Leisa di dataran rendah. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuannya adalah kombinasi jenis pupuk organik (Oo = tanpa pupuk organik, O1= kompos ampas tebu dan O2 = bokasi jerami) dengan dosis pupuk NPK (Po = 0 kg/ha; P1 = 375 kg/ha; P2 = 750 kg/ha; P3 = 1.125 kg/ha, dan P4 = 1.500 kg/ha). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pada tanaman yang tidak diberi bahan organik, penggunaan pupuk NPK (15-15-15) kadar 375 kg/ha sudah meningkatkan bobot basah dan bobot kering bawang merah secara nyata. Pada tanaman yang diberi bahan organik ampas tebu, pemupukan NPK (15-15-15) dosis 375 kg/ha sudah memberikan kenaikan hasil bawang merah baik bobot basah maupun bobot kering secara nyata. Sedang penggunaan bahan organik bokasi jerami dengan pupuk NPK (15-15-15) dosis 375 kg/ha hanya meningkatkan bobot basah hasil bawang merah secara nyata.Optimization of vegetable production input in lowland under LEISA system. Production of shallot has been considered to use high chemical synthetic input, so there is a need to look for an alternative technology which is more environmentally safe by replacing some chemicals input with natural product such as organic matters. The experiment has been conducted in Kemukten, Kersana, Brebes from June up to September 2003 by using shallot variety bangkok warso that was planted at planting distance of 17x17 cm. The objective of this experiment was to find out kind of organic manure and dosage of NPK to increase yield of shallot under LEI SA system. The experimental arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were the combination between kind of organic matters without organic matter, sugarcane waste, and fermented rice straw) with dosages of NPK (0 kg/ha; 375 kg/ha; 750 kg/ha; 1,125 kg/ha; and 1,500 kg/ha). The results showed that shallot plantation without organic matters combined with 375 kg/ha NPK (15-15-15) could improve fresh and dry crops weight significantly. The application of sugarcane waste in combination with 375 kg/ha NPK (15-15-15), significantly increased fresh and dry weight of the harvested crops, while application of fermented rice straw organic matters in combination with 375 kg/ha NPK (15-15-15) just improved the yield in term of fresh crops weight significantly.
Pengaruh Kerapatan Tanaman dan Aplikasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh terhadap Produksi Umbi Bibit Bawang Merah Asal Biji Kultivar Bima Sumarni, Nani; Sumiati, Ety; Suwandi, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 3 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan kerapatan tanaman dan konsentrasi aplikasi ZPT mepiquat klorida 50 AS yang tepat untuk produksi umbi bibit bawang merah asal biji botani (TSS). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah petak terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Tiga macam kerapatan tanaman 5 x 5 cm (400 tanaman/m2), 5 x 7,5 cm (266 tanaman/m2), dan 5 x 10 cm (200 tanaman/m2) ditempatkan sebagai petak utama dan empat konsentrasi ZPT mepiquat klorida 50 AS, 0, 2, 4 dan 6 ml/l ditempatkan sebagai anak petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan tanaman paling tepat untuk produksi umbi bibit bawang merah asal TSS adalah 400/m2 (5 x 5 cm) dengan jumlah umbi berukuran kecil (2,5-5 g/umbi) paling banyak dan tidak menghasilkan umbi bibit mini (1-2 g/umbi). Kerapatan tanaman 200/m2 lebih cocok digunakan untuk produksi umbi konsumsi asal TSS dengan 50% umbi yang dihasilkan berukuran besar (>7,5 g/umbi). Aplikasi ZPT mepiquat klorida 50 AS tidak meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil umbi bawang merah asal TSS, tetapi pada konsentrasi 6 ml/l dapat meningkatkan persentase jumlah umbi berukuran besar (>7,5 g/umbi). Hasil penelitian diharapkan berguna untuk meningkatkan produksi dan kualitas umbi bibit bawang merah.Effect of plant densities and application of plant growth regulator on seed bulb yield of shallot from true seed of cultivar bima. The objectives were to determine the proper plant density in combination with application of mepiquat chloride 50 AS for production of seed bulb of shallot from true seed. A split plot design with three replications was set up in this experiment. Three levels of plant densities of 5 x 5 cm (400 plants/m2), 5 x 7.5 cm (266 plants/m2), and 5 x 10 cm (200 plants/m2) were assigned to main plots and plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride 50 AS concentrations of 0, 2, 4, and 6 ml/l were assigned to subplots. The results revealed that proper plant density to produce seed bulb from true seed was 400 plants/m2 which produced the highest percentage of small size bulb (2.5-5 g/bulb) and did not produce mini shallot bulb (1-2 g/bulb). Plant density of 200 plants/m2 was proper to produce consumption bulb from true seed, this treatment produced big size bulb (>7.5 g/bulb) more than 50%. Application of PGR mepiquat chloride 50 AS did not increase growth and bulb yield of shallot, however at concentration of mepiquat chloride 50 AS 6 ml/l could increase number of big size bulb (>7.5 g/bulb). This results can improve quality and production of shallot seed.
Distribusi Penyakit Layu Fusarium dan Layu Bakteri Ralstonia pada Lokasi Sumber Bibit dan Sekolah Lapang Pengendalian Hama Terpadu Pisang di Sumatera Barat Nasir, Nasril; Jumjunidang, -; Riska, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 3 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Sumatera Barat merupakan provinsi paling parah yang diserang oleh dua patogen layu pisang, Fusarium oxysporum cubense dan Ralstonia solanacearum. Diperkirakan lebih dari 60% areal pertanaman pisang tradisional di Sumatera Barat sudah rusak oleh kedua patogen ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan lokasi tanaman pisang yang bebas dari serangan kedua patogen tersebut, digunakan sebagai sumber bibit pisang. Di samping itu, penelitian juga bertujuan menentukan lokasi Sekolah Lapang Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (SLPHT) sebagai lokasi pendidikan lapang bagi petani. Seleksi lokasi sumber bibit dilakukan secara survei selama bulan Juli 2002, sedangkan untuk lokasi SLPHT didasarkan pada pertimbangan endemis serangan kedua patogen ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari seleksi lahan, ditemukan hanya dua lokasi yang dapat direkomendasikan sebagai lahan sumber bibit pisang, yaitu Desa Surian Randah dan Baruah Gunung di Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota. Di kedua lokasi tersebut, serangan patogen penyakit layu kurang dari 10%. Sedangkan lokasi SLPHT dipersiapkan masing-masing di Baso, Kabupaten Agam dan Salimpaung, Kabupaten Tanah Datar.Distribution of fusarium and ralstonia wilt diseases at the source of planting material sites of banana and field integrated pest management course in West Sumatera. West Sumatera is the most severe province attacked by two wilt pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum cubense and Ralstonia solanacearum. It was assumed that more than 60% of traditional banana cultivation has been destroyed by both of the phatogens. This study was aimed to select the plantation free from both wilt diseases, to be used for source of planting material for banana. The study was also purposed to locate the Field Integrated Pest Management Course (FIPMC), as a field course for growers. Selection on the location for source of planting material site for banana was conducted through survey during the month of July 2002, while for FIPMC was based on the endemic of both of the pathogens. This study found that only two villages could be recommended for the source of planting material site for banana, those were Surian Randah and Baruah Gunung in Distric of Limapuluh Kota. At both of the villages, the attack of wilt diseases was less than 10%. While the area for FIPMC were decided in Baso Kabupaten Agam and Salimpaung Kabupaten Tanah Datar.
Pengaruh Jenis dan Konsentrasi Bahan Penstabil terhadap Mutu Produk Velva Labu Jepang Kusbiantoro, Bram; Herawati, H; Ahza, A B
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 3 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Penelitian dilakukan di BPTP, Lembang, Jawa Barat, mulai bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2003. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui jenis dan konsentrasi bahan penstabil terhadap mutu produk velva labu jepang, baik mutu organoleptik maupun fisikokimia. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua ulangan. Rasio puree dengan air yang digunakan adalah 2:1, 1;1 dan 1:2, sedangkan untuk konsentrasi gula adalah 25, 30, dan 35% dari berat. Pada penelitian utama, bahan penstabil yang digunakan adalah CMC dan gum arabic, dengan rentangan konsentrasi 0, 0,25, 0,5, 0,75%, dan 1% dari berat puree. Berdasarkan hasil uji pembobotan yang dirangkum dari penerimaan panelis terhadap keseluruhan parameter organoleptik diperoleh velva labu jepang dengan rasio puree dengan air 1:2, konsentrasi gula 35%, dan penambahan CMC 0,75% dengan nilai kesukaan 5,11 yang berarti paling disukai. Sedangkan berdasarkan analisis terhadap produk terpilih diperoleh bahwa: kadar air 70,23%, overrun 27,76%, padatan terlarut total 26%, total asam 1,71%, total karoten 36,20 ppm, pH 4,39, kecepatan pelelehan 18,56, kadar vitamin C 93,79 mg/100g, kadar gula 27,5%, kadar lemak 0,05%, kadar serat kasar 0,72%, dan total kalori 69,36 per 100 g.Effect of kind and concentration of stabilizers on kabocha velva. The experiment was conducted at AIAT (Assesment Institute of Agriculture Technology) Lembang West Jawa, from March to August 2003. The aim of this study was to find out the kind and concentration of stabilizers, through organoleptic and physicochemical test. The experiment used was completely randomized design with two replications. Puree and water ratio used were 2:1, 1;1 and 1:2, with sugar concentration of 25, 30, and 35% based on puree weight. In the main research, modified velva by CMC and gum arabic with concentration of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1% from puree weight were used. Based on rating test of the sensory evaluation of parameter, it was found out that best kabocha velva was at puree and water ratio 1:2, 35% sugar content, 0.75% CMC content with preferrence value 5.11 that the most preferred than others. Physicochemical analysis on selected product showed the content of 70.23% water, 27.76% overrun, 26% of total soluble solid, 1.71% total acid, 36.20 ppm of total carotene, 4.39 pH, 18.56 minutes melting point, 93.79 mg/100 g vitamin C, 27.5% sugar, 0.05% fat, 0.72% fiber, 69.36 total calorie/100 g product.
Regenerasi Tanaman Sedap Malam Melalui Organogenesis dan Embriogenesis Somatik Rostika, Ika; Mariska, Ika; Purnamaningsih, R
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 4 (2005): Desember 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Secara konvensional perbanyakan tanaman sedap malam dilakukan melalui umbi. Semakin kecil ukuran umbi semakin lama tanaman berbunga. Penerapan teknik kultur in vitro diharapkan dapat membantu perbanyakan tanaman secara masal. Hingga saat ini, teknik kultur in vitro tanaman sedap malam belum pernah dilaporkan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh formulasi media yang efektif menginduksi organogenesis dan embriogenesis kultur in vitro tanaman sedap malam serta memacu regenerasinya. Percobaan dibagi menjadi 4 tahap, yaitu (1) induksi tunas, (2) multiplikasi tunas, (3) induksi kalus embriogenik, dan (4) regenerasi kalus embriogenik. Media induksi tunas yang diuji adalah MS+BA 0 ppm, MS+BA 3 ppm, MS+BA 5 ppm, dan MS+BA 7 ppm. Pemacuan multiplikasi tunas lanjut dilakukan pada media subkultur MS+BA 7 ppm+glutamin 100 ppm, MS+BA 7 ppm, DKW+TDZ 7 ppm, dan DKW+TDZ 7 ppm+glutamin 100 ppm. Untuk induksi kalus embriogenik, media induksi kalus yang diujikan adalah MS+2,4-D 2,5 ppm, MS +2,4-D 5 ppm, dan MS+2,4-D 10 ppm. Untuk meregenerasikan kalus embriogenik, media yang diujikan MS+BA 2 ppm+TDZ 0,2 ppm, MS+BA 3 ppm+TDZ 0,4 ppm, MS+zeatin 1ppm+kinetin 1ppm, dan MS+zeatin 0,5 ppm+kinetin 2 ppm. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan tunas terbanyak diperoleh dari media BA 3 ppm (80%) namun inisiasi tunas tercepat dihasilkan pada media BA 0 ppm. Formula media MS+BA 7 ppm+glutamin 100 ppm menghasilkan jumlah tunas dan akar terbanyak. Penggunaan MS+2,4-D 5 ppm dapat menginduksi kalus embriogenik dengan persentase pembentukan nodul sebesar 18,75% dan jumlah nodul yang terbentuk sebanyak 3,6 dengan visual kalus yang paling baik. Setelah disubkultur, calon tunas terbanyak (17) dihasilkan dari perlakuan MS+BA 2 ppm+TDZ 0,4 ppm. Kalus embriogenik pada media MS+zeatin 0,5 ppm+kinetin 2 ppm dapat berkembang membentuk benih somatik.Regeneration of tuberose through organogenesis and embryogenesis. Tuberose is normally propagated by the tuber. The smaller size of tuber the longer time plant to flower. The application of in vitro culture technique might be used for mass propagation. Up to know, the research of in vitro culture of tuberose in Indonesia has not been reported. The objective of the study was to find out media formulation for organogenesis and embryogenesis. The experiments consisted of 4 steps of (1) shoot induction, (2) shoot multiplication, (3) induction of embryogenic callus, and (4) regeneration of embryogenic callus. The treatments for shoot induction were MS+BA 0 ppm, MS+BA 3 ppm, MS+BA 5 ppm, and MS+BA 7 ppm. The shoots were multiplied on media MS+BA 7ppm+glutamine 100ppm, MS+BA 7 ppm, DKW+TDZ 7 ppm, and DKW+TDZ 7 ppm+glutamin 100 ppm. For induction of embryogenic callus, the treatments were MS+2.4-D 2.5 ppm, MS+2,4-D 5 ppm, and MS+2.4-D 10 ppm. For regeneration of embryogenic callus, the treatments were MS+BA 2 ppm+TDZ 0.2 ppm, MS+BA 3 ppm +TDZ 0.4 ppm, MS+zeatin 1ppm+kinetin 1ppm, and MS+zeatin 0.5 ppm+kinetin 2 ppm. The results showed that the highest shoot formation was obtained from media MS+BA 3 ppm but the earliest shoot initiation was obtained from media MS+BA 0 ppm. The media formulation of MS+BA 7 ppm+glutamine 100 ppm gave the highest number of shoot and root. The application of media MS+2.4-D 5 ppm could induce embryogenic callus with high percentage of nodul formation (18.75%) and high number of nodul (3.6) with the best visual calli. After subculturing, the highest number of nodul (17) was obtained from media MS+BA 2 ppm+TDZ 0.4 ppm. The embryogenic callus from media MS+zeatin 0.5 ppm+kinetin 2 ppm could develop to form somatic seed.
Evaluasi Daya Hasil 7 Genotip Kentang pada Lahan Kering Bekas Sawah Dataran Tinggi Ciwidey Basuki, Rofik Sinung; Kusmana, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 4 (2005): Desember 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Waktu penelitian mulai bulan April sampai dengan Agustus 2002. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah RAK dengan ulangan 4 kali, jumlah genotip yang diuji sebanyak 7 genotip kentang hasil introduksi dari CIP termasuk varietas pembanding. Setiap plot percobaan ditanami 30 tanaman. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menghasilkan 1 atau lebih genotip kentang yang bisa ditanam pada lahan sawah dataran tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotip yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi pada lahan sawah Ciwidey adalah 380584.3 (43,3 t/ha), Atlantik (37,6 t/ha), dan Panda (36,5 t/ha) yang nyata lebih tinggi dari varietas pembanding Granola (27,6 t/ha).Tuber yield evaluation of 7 potato genotypes on dry land after irrigated rice field of highland Ciwidey. The experiment was conducted in April until August 2002. The experimental design was RCBD with 4 replications. An experimental unit consisted of a 30 hills plot. The objective of the research was to select one or more potato genotypes adapted to rice field of highland. The results indicated that the highest yield were obtained from clones 380584.3 (43.3 t/ha), Atlantic (37.6 t/ha), and Panda (36.5 t/ha) which were significantly higher than Granola (27.6 t/ha) as control.

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