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INDONESIA
Jurnal AgroBiogen
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19071094     EISSN : 25491547     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal AgroBiogen memuat artikel primer dan sekunder hasil penelitian bioteknologi dan sumberdaya genetik tanaman, serangga, dan mikroba pertanian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan April, Agustus dan Oktober oleh Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 252 Documents
 1   2   3   4   5 
Gen dan QTL Pengendali Toleransi Tanaman terhadap Keracunan Aluminium dan Aplikasinya untuk Pemuliaan Tanaman di Indonesia I Made Tasma
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 11, No 3 (2015): Desember
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v11n3.2015.p111-124

Abstract

Genetic knowledge of loci controlling Al toxicity tolerance is the key for a successful breeding program in developing Altolerant cultivars. Tolerance level of crop plants to Al toxicity is genetically controlled. The gene inheritance pattern is mainlyresulted from intensive studies of cereal crops, such as wheat, sorghum, maize, and rice. The trait can be controlled by asingle dominant gene, a single dominant gene with many alleles, a pair of dominant genes, or by many genes (QTL). Themajority of the Al tolerance genes identified so far belongs to two independent groups of gene families, i.e. aluminumactivatedmalate transporter (ALMT) and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE), both encoding transport proteinsinvolved in Al-activated organic acid release, mainly citrate and malate. The variations in Al toxicity tolerance phenotypes arestrongly correlated with the expressions of such genes in the root apical cells. Many Al tolerance QTLs have been mapped inthe genomes of various crop species and were found to be colocated with the ALMT and MATE genes. The genetic maps ofthe Al tolerance genes and QTLs facilitate breeding programs for developing Al-tolerant cultivars through marker-assistedbreeding methods. Al tolerance genes that have been isolated from genetically unrelated species can be used in genetictransformation studies of crop genotypes sexually incompatible to the gene source genotypes. The application of thesemolecular breeding methods expedites breeding programs to develop crop cultivars tolerance to Al toxicity and acid soils.Genomic technologies by using next-generation sequencing and high-throughput genotyping system accelerate Al toxicitytolerance gene and QTL discoveries of various crop species. The modern genomic technologies also facilitate morecomprehensive PGR characterization and utilization to accelerate identification and isolation of the Al tolerance genes andQTLs to be used in a more comprehensive breeding program to support national food self sufficiency and food securityprograms.
Identifikasi Entomopatogen Bakteri Merah pada Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stål.) Tri Puji Priyatno; Yohana A Dahliani; Yadi Suryadi; I Made Samudra; Dwi Ningsih Susilowati; Iman Rusmana; Baskoro S Wibowo; Cahyadi Irwan
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 2 (2011): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v7n2.2011.p85-95

Abstract

Indentification of Entomopathogenic Red Bacterial fromBrown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål.). Tri P.Priyatno, Yohana A. Dahliani, Yadi Suryadi, I MadeSamudra, Dwi N. Susilowati, Iman Rusmana, Baskoro S.Wibowo, and Cahyadi Irwan. Red bacteria isolated frombrown planthopper (BPH) has been proven pathogenicagainst BPH and others insects. Application of 106 to 107cells/ml of red bacteria caused 65.6-78.2% mortality of BPH.The 50% effective concentration (EC50) and lethal time of redbacteria against BPH is 2.8 x 105 cells/ml and 6.8 days,respectively. Based on phenotypic characters tested on GNMicroPlateTM Biolog kit and 16S rRNA sequneces analysis,red bacteria was identified as Serratia marcescens with 99%similarity. Red pigmen produced by S. marcescens strainBPH is secondary metabolite determined as prodigiosinshowing bactericidal activities against Xanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae. We concluded that S. marcescens did not onlypotent as biocontrol agent to BPH, but also it can be used tocontrol plant pathogenic bacteria.
Construction of Cry1Ac Plasmid Vector and Its Transformation into Agrobacterium tumefaciens Sri Koerniati; Alifah R. Heritiera
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 10, No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v10n1.2014.p26-33

Abstract

Introducing cry genesinto rice genome is reported able to produce rice plantresistant to stemborer. DNA sequence encodes cry1Ac genehas been inserted into pGEM4Z, but this construct does nothave a selectable marker gene for selection of transformedplant cells. The research aims were to construct a plasmidvector expressing a cry1Ac gene that has a transformationselectable gene and to transform it into Agrobacteriumtumefaciens. Materials used were pAY560325 binary plasmidvector, pGEM4Z-cry1Ac vector, Escherichia coli strain DH5-αand A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404 competent cells. Themethods consisted of plasmid DNA digestion using HindIIIand EcoRI, electrophoresis, DNA (backbone and insert)dissection from the gel, purification, and ligation using T4DNA ligase. Transformation of ligated DNA into E. coli byheat shock followed by cell plating onto selection medium,colony cultured, DNA isolation, and identification usingrestriction enzymes. Reconfirmation was done by cuttingusing restriction enzyme and PCR using F3 and R3, cry1Acgene specific primers. Research result were DNA fragmentsof 3.8 kb ubiquitin::cry1Ac insert and pAY560325, thebackbone vector, that after ligated and transformed into E.coli produced colonies. One of ten colonies containingplasmid DNA was evidently confirmed and namedpAY560325-cry1Ac. Subsequently, it was transformed into A.tumefaciens by electrophoration method. Plasmid DNA wasisolated from Agrobacterium that after digested with HindIIIand EcoRI produced DNA fragments of 9.44 kb (pAY560325)and 3.814 kb (ubiquitin::cry1Ac). While by PCR, plasmidproduced DNA fragment of about 711 bp. Thus, cry1Acplasmid vector (pAY560325-cry1Ac) was successfullyconstructed and transformed into A. tumefaciens and isready to be transformed into rice genome.
Regenerasi Tanaman pada Kultur Antera Beberapa Aksesi Padi Indica Toleran Aluminium Iswari S. Dewi; Bambang S. Purwoko; Hajrial Aswidinnoor; Ida H. Somantri; M. A. Chozin
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 2, No 1 (2006): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v2n1.2006.p30-35

Abstract

Anther culture provides the quick route in obtaining pure lines in a single generation from either green haploid plant that may be artificially or spontaneously doubled. Indica rice known as recalcitrant genotype because of its difficulty in regenerating sufficient number of green plantlets among the regenerated plants through anther culture. Whilst, research on studying anther culture ability has to be done to assure the success of rice breeding through anther culture. The objective of this research was to determine regeneration ability of five accessions of indica rice tolerance to aluminum through application of putrescine in anther culture. Completely randomized design with 15 replications was used in this research. Treatments consisted of five accessions of aluminum tolerance indica rice, ie. CT6510-24-1-3, Grogol, Hawara Bunar, Krowal, and Sigundil. Callus induction medium based on N6 medium + 10-3 M putrescine, while regeneration medium based on MS + 10-3 M putrescine. The results indicated that culture ability is controlled by the genotype. From this research, Grogol, Krowal and Sigundil were selected as accessions having good rice anther culture ability, and therefore can be used as parents for developing new rice varieties tolerance to aluminum through anther culture.
Induksi Tunas pada Kotiledon dan Hipokotil Tanaman Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) melalui Organogenesis Tak Langsung Iswari S Dewi; Anggi Nindita; Bambang S. Purwoko; Darda Efendi
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 8, No 3 (2012): Desember
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v8n3.2012.p89-96

Abstract

Propagation through tissue culture of plantspecies with rich secondary metabolites such as Jatrophacurcas L. is difficult to obtain. However, once established, itcan be used as one of the alternatives to supply uniformpropagules. The effects of auxin and cytokinin on theregulation of de novo woody plants shoot development havebeen studied through shoot induction, differentiation anddevelopment. The objective of this research was to identifyexplant and suitable culture media for in vitro shoot inductionthrough indirect organogenesis. Factorial experimentwas arranged in a completely randomized design, replicated20 times. The first factor was explants, i.e. cotyledons andhypocotyls. The second factor was MS media containingcombination of plant growth regulator IAA (0, 0.05, and 0.1mg/l) and BAP (0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mg/l). The results of theexperiment showed that the fastest callus initiation wasachieved by MS + IAA 0.1 mg/l, i.e. 9.5 days after explantswere cultured. Shoots with leaves can be induced from bothcotyledons and hypocotyls. However, hypocotyls gave moreshoots and leaves than cotyledons when cultured in MS +IAA 0.1 mg/l + BAP 3.0 mg/l. Shoots obtain from hypocotylsand cotyledons were successfully rooted in MS mediumwithout any growth regulator.
Pembentukan Pustaka Genom, Resekuensing, dan Identifikasi SNP Berdasarkan Sekuen Genom Total Genotipe Kedelai Indonesia I Made Tasma; Dani Satyawan; Habib Rijzaani
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 11, No 1 (2015): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v11n1.2015.p7-16

Abstract

Resequencing of the soybean genome facilitates SNP marker discoveries useful for supporting the national soybean breedingprograms. The objectives of the present study were to construct soybean genomic libraries, to resequence the whole genome offive Indonesian soybean genotypes, and to identify SNPs based on the resequence data. The studies consisted of genomiclibrary construction and quality analysis, resequencing the whole-genome of five soybean genotypes, and genome-wide SNPidentification based on alignment of the resequence data with reference sequence, Williams 82. The five Indonesian soybeangenotypes were Tambora, Grobogan, B3293, Malabar, and Davros. The results showed that soybean genomic library wassuccessfully constructed having the size of 400 bp with library concentrations range from 21.2–64.5 ng/μl. Resequencing of thelibraries resulted in 50.1 x 109 bp total genomic sequence. The quality of genomic library and sequence data resulted from thisstudy was high as indicated by Q score of 88.6% with low sequencing error of only 0.97%. Bioinformatic analysis resulted in atotal of 2,597,286 SNPs, 257,598 insertions, and 202,157 deletions. Of the total SNPs identified, only 95,207 SNPs (2.15%) werelocated within exons. Among those, 49,926 SNPs caused missense mutation and 1,535 SNPs caused nonsense mutation. SNPsresulted from this study upon verification will be very useful for genome-wide SNP chip development of the soybean genome toaccelerate breeding program of the soybean.
Faktor Virulensi AvrBs3/PthA pada Ras III, Ras IV, Ras VIII, dan IXO93-068 Patogen Hawar Daun Bakteri (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) Dwinita W Utami; Triny S Kadir; Siti Yuriyah
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 1 (2011): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v7n1.2011.p1-8

Abstract

AvrBs3/PthA Virulence Factor of Bacterial Leaf BlightRace III, Race IV, Race VIII, and IXO93-068. Dwinita W.Utami, Triny S. Kadir, and Siti Yuriyah. Bacterial leafblight (BLB) is an important disease of rice and presentthroughout many of the rice-growing regions in the world,also in Indonesia. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) isthe causal agent and a member of the Protebacteria and likemany other this phyllum have a type III secretion system forprotein virulence effector (PVE) released on their pathogenicitysystem. Commonly, PVE in Xanthomonas sp., iscoded by AvrBs3/PthA family gene. This research wascoducted to identify the virulence factor of AvrBs3/PthA ondominant Indonesian BLB isolates (Race III, Race IV, RasVIII, and IXO93-068). This objective was obtained bysequence analysis through designed markers for membersof the virulence factor AvrBs3/PthA gene family (PthXo4,avrXa7#38, PthXoS and avrXa7sacB50). Results gave informationthat RaceIII is a dependent elicitor race due to noPVE transcript formed and intraceluler protein target withRLL type on NLS (nuclear localization signal). RaceIV andRaceVIII are the virulent race which PVE active formed withintraceluler protein target and have the RLL and RLLP typefor the NLS signal. While isolate IXO93-068 is a virulenisolate that active formed a PVE but the extraceluler proteintarget is due to no type of NLS. Based on cluster analysis,Race VIII has a genetic distance closely to PthXoS andavrXa7sacB50.
Pengembangan Populasi Mutan Penanda Aktivasi: I. Transformasi Padi Japonica Tropis Lokal Sulawesi cv. Asemandi dengan bantuan Agrobacterium tumefaciens Atmitri Sisharmini; Aniversari Apriana; Wening Enggraini; Kurniawan R. Trijatmiko
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 5, No 2 (2009): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v5n2.2009.p49-56

Abstract

The rice transformation technologyis not only provides valuable methods for the introductionof useful genes into rice plant to improve importantagronomic traits, but also helps in studying gene functionand regulation based on rice genome sequence information.Knockout of genes by insertional mutagenesis is a straightforwardmethod to identify gene functions. One of themethods to develop rice mutants is through genetic transformationmediated by Agrobacterium using activationtagging by Ac-Ds system. A study was done with an objectiveto obtain mutant rice of local tropical japonica cv. Asemandithrough genetic trans-formation mediated by Agrobacteriumtumefaciens. The transformation was conducted usingAgrobacterium vector with the strain of Agl-1 containingactivation tag construct. The result of experiment showedthat it has been obtained 17 independent line (304 plants)transgenic Asemandi containing activation tag construct.These starter lines will be used as materials to developseveral generations of stabil rice mutant through selfing.
Keragaman Somaklonal untuk Perbaikan Tanaman Artemisia (Artemisia annua L.) melalui Kultur In Vitro Endang G Lestari; Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih; Muhammad Syukur; Rosa Yunita
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 1 (2010): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n1.2010.p26-32

Abstract

Somaclonal Variability for the Improvement of PlantsArtemisia (Artemisia annua L.) by In Vitro Culture.Endang G. Lestari, Rosa Yunita, and Ali Husni. Artemisiaannua L., a family member of Asteraceae, is medicinalplants originated from China. The plant has been widelyused by the local people for malaria remedy. Its active substance,artemisine, has been proved to hamper the malariabacteria incubation, Plasmodium sp. In accordance with theWHO recomendation, the Department of Health of Indonesiais now in the attempt of developing this plant as thesubtitute of chloroquin because of the malaria bacteriaresistance to this antidote. In Indonesia, the artemisinecontent of the plant less than 0,5% is the crucial problemleading no investors are interested in its economic value.Therefore, Indonesian Medicinal and Spice Crops ResearchInstitute; BPTO Tawangmangu, Indonesian Institute ofSciences; and PT Kimia Farma cooperate for obtaining theprime clone by breeding, selection, as well as environmentaladaptation. In coping with the problem, ICABIOGRAD in thecollaboration with Bogor Agricultural University haveconducted the research for genetic improvement throughmutative induction and field selection. This research onsomaclonal variation. was conducted from Januari 2006 toJuni 2008. Eksplan used for experiment were shoots radiatedwith 10-100 Gy gamma ray. The result showed that the shootradiated with the dosage of 70-100 Gy was unable to grow.On the other hand, the high level of multiplication wasacquired in the one radiated with 10-30 Gy. The optimumradiation for somaclonal radiation was eventually gainedwith 40-60 Gy. The somaclone lines with 10-60 Gy radiationhave been aclimatized and planted in Gunung Putri plot inthe elevation of 1545 asl. Artemisinin content at the highbiomases genotype is 0,49-0,52%.
Mikropropagasi Tanaman Manggis (Garcinia mangostana) Ika Roostika; Novianti Sunarlim; Ika Mariska
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 1 (2005): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n1.2005.p20-25

Abstract

The conventional propagation of mangosteen plant is still facing some problems, such as the limited fruiting season and number of seedling, and slow growth of seedling. In vitro culture is an alternative technique to solve the problems. An experiment was done to obtain a suitable micropropagation technique for mangosteen plant through in vitro culture with high level of shoot multiplication and root formation, as well as high level of acclimated shoot or planlet growth. The treatments for shoot induction and axillary bud multiplication of mangosteen were three levels of BA (1, 3, and 5 mg/l) on the MS basal medium. The treatments for root induction were combinations between two kinds of basal medium (MS and WPM), two formulations of the media (full strength and 1/4 strength), and two levels of IBA (5 and 10 mg/l). Root induction was also done ex situ by dipping the shoots in IBA solutions (100-200 ppm) for 1-2 hours, followed planting onto the best acclimation media. The acclimation was done using two different media (soil only and soil + compost) under two different environments (green house and incubation room + green house). Results of the experiment showed that the highest percentages of seed growth and number of shoots per seed was obtained on the basal medium containing 5 mg/l BA. The highest number of axillary bud multiplication was obtained on the medium with 3 mg/l BA. MS medium + 5 mg/l IBA promoted 75% rooting. The plant acclimatization on soil + compost in the green house with 75% shading promoted the fastest plant growth. During the acclimatization, up to 75% of the shoots treated with dipping in 100 ppm IBA solution for one hour grew well. After four months, the roots of the plant developed secondary and tertiary roots.

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