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INDONESIA
Jurnal AgroBiogen
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19071094     EISSN : 25491547     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal AgroBiogen memuat artikel primer dan sekunder hasil penelitian bioteknologi dan sumberdaya genetik tanaman, serangga, dan mikroba pertanian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan April, Agustus dan Oktober oleh Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 252 Documents
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Regenerasi dan Pertumbuhan Beberapa Varietas Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) secara In Vitro Deden Sukmadjaja; Ade Mulyana
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 2 (2011): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v7n2.2011.p106-118

Abstract

(Saccharum officinarum L.) through In Vitro Culture.Deden Sukmadjaja and Ade Mulyana. The research wasconducted at the Laboratory of Tissue Culture The Biology ofCell and Tissue Researcher Group ICABIOGRAD, Bogor fromJune to November 2009 to studied growth and regenerationsresponse some varieties of sugarcane through in vitroculture. The research activities have been carried out inthree steps, i.e., callus formation, regeneration of shoots androots regeneration. The type of explants used in the studywas in vitro planlet explants of both sugarcane varieties.Seven media formulations were used for the callus inductionand regeneration of shoots, while five media formulationswere used for the roots regeneration. The resultsshowed that the highest respond for calluses induction wasBulu Lawang varieties at media formulation MS + 2.4-D 2mg.l-1 + BAP 0.4 mg.l-1 + CH 2000 mg.l-1 and PS 951 varietiesat media formulation MS + 2.4-D 1 mg.l-1 + BAP 0.4 mg.l-1.While the highest respond for regeneration of shoots wasBulu Lawang varieties at media formulation MS0 (controlMS) dan PS 951 varieties at media formulation MS + BAP 1mg.l-1 + kinetin 1 mg.l-1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l-1 + GA3 0.5 mg.l-1.The highest respond of roots regeneration was Bulu Lawangand PS 951 varieties at media formulation MS + IBA 1 mg.l-1.Acclimatization of plantlets produced were grew successfullyabout 90-100% in greenhouse.
TINJAUAN Penggunaan Suspensi Sel dalam Kultur In Vitro Sri Hutami
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 5, No 2 (2009): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v5n2.2009.p84-92

Abstract

Cell suspension culture could be defined as aprocess that allows rapidly dividing homogenous suspensionof cells to grow in liquid nutrient media. There are two maintypes of suspension cultures: (1) Batch cultures in whichcells are nurtured in a fixed volume of medium until growthceases and (2) Continuous cultures in which cell growth ismaintained by continuous replenishment of sterile nutrientmedia. Plant cell suspension cultures are mostly used for thebiochemical investigation of cell physiology, growth, metabolism,protoplast fusion, transformation and for large scaleproduction of seed by bioreactor and production of secondarymetabolites. Contamination is one of the largest problemswhen dealing with cell cultures. Differences betweenthe products of cell suspension culture and whole plant arefrequently observed. These phenomena’s may be resultedfrom lack of differentiation and organization and cell cultureinducedvariation. Utilization of cell suspension culture inIndonesia is still limited, some of them for mass productionof plantation seed with bioreactor system and for productionof secondary metabolites. The success of this study give theopportunity for mass production of seeds from other plantsand also production of secondary metabolites.
The use of Biotechnology in the Characterization, Evaluation, and Utilization of Indonesian Rice Germplasm Tiur S Silitonga
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 1 (2010): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n1.2010.p49-56

Abstract

Penggunaan Bioteknologi dalam Karakterisasi, Evaluasi,dan Pemanfaatan Plasma Nutfah Padi Indonesia. Tiur S.Silitonga. Beras merupakan makanan pokok pendudukIndonesia yang terus meningkat kebutuhannya. Untuk memenuhikebutuhan beras nasional, peningkatan produktivitasvarietas padi terus diupayakan melalui peningkatan potensihasil dengan cara merakit varietas tipe baru dan padihibrida yang berdaya hasil tinggi dan genjah, tahan terhadapcekaman biotik dan abiotik. Sejak tahun 2006 sampai saatini jumlah varietas yang dihasilkan sebanyak 31 varietas.Perakitan varietas itu semua dilakukan dengan menggunakanplasma nutfah. Sampai saat ini plasma nutfah yang dilestarikandi Bank Gen Balai Besar Penelitian dan PengembanganBioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian(BB-Biogen) berjumlah sekitar 4.000 aksesi yang terdiri atasvarietas padi lokal, varietas padi unggul lama, varietas unggultipe baru, galur-galur elit, dan kerabat spesies padi liar.Untuk menjaga keselamatan koleksi, sebanyak 2.500 aksesidilestarikan di Balai Besar Penelitian Padi sebagai koleksiduplikat. Di samping itu, sebagai mitra kerja sama internasional,koleksi ini juga disimpan di pusat pelestarian plasmanutfah padi International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) sebanyaklebih dari 8.900 aksesi. Plasma nutfah ini memilikiperanan yang sangat besar sebagai sumber gen dalamprogram pemuliaan padi. Untuk mempermudah pemanfaatannya,koleksi ini telah di karakterisasi, dievaluasi, dan didokumentasikandi dalam database. Karena plasma nutfahmemiliki nilai potensial dan nilai aktual bagi kehidupan manusia,maka sangat penting untuk melestarikannya baiksecara in situ, ex situ, dan lekat lahan (on farm). Pada tulisanini diuraikan status koleksi plasma nutfah, bagaimana dikoleksi,karakterisasi, evaluasi, dan didokumentasikan dalamdatabase dan dimanfaatkan dalam program pemuliaanpadi serta dalam pertukaran plasma nutfah padi. Dalam pemanfaatandan pertukaran plasma nutfah, Indonesia telahmeratifikasi perjanjian pertukaran sumber daya genetik danmengimplementasikannya dengan menggunakan StandardMaterial Transfer Agreement (sMTA) melalui UU No. 4 Tahun2006.
Perkecambahan dan Perbanyakan Gaharu secara In Vitro Mia Kosmiatin; Ali Husni; Ika Mariska
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 2 (2005): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n2.2005.p62-67

Abstract

Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lank) is one of the forest wood that are continously exploited. Currently, the Indonesian export of agarwood is decreasing because its population is endangered by excessive logging. Agarwood propagations need technology for reproduction of agarwood seedlings and their fungal inoculum. In vitro technique for germination of recalsitrant seeds and micropropagation are technologies that can be used for propagation of agarwood seedlings. An experiment was done to develop techniques for in vitro germination and micropropagation of agarwood. The in vitro germination was done using two different techniques. Firstly, sterile seeds were germinated on an MS medium + 50 mg/l PVP, 50 mg/l GA, and 1 mg/l BA or kinetin. Secondly, sterile seeds were germinated on basal medium of MS, 1/2 MS medium, MS medium without vitamins, as well as on MS medium without pyridoxine, nicotinic acid and WPM. Shoot initiations and multiplications were done on MS and 1/2 MS media containing 1, 3, or 5 mg/l BA. The explants used were cotyledone nodes, terminal shoots, single node with leaf, and sinle node without leaf. The results showed that the seed germination rate on the different media ranged from 7,14 to 50%. The seed germination rate on the MS medium without vitamis was the highest. The best explants for shoot induction and multiplication was single node with leaf which was cultured on MS + 1 mg/l BA.
Keragaman Genetik Inbrida Jagung QPM dan Normal Berbasis Marka Mikrosatelit dan Hubungannya dengan Penampilan Hibrida Marcia B. Pabendon; M. Azrai; M. J. Mejaya; Sutrisno Sutrisno
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 4, No 2 (2008): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v4n2.2008.p77-82

Abstract

Information on genetic divergence ofinbred lines and performance of the hybrids developed fromthe lines is a great value in maize hybrid program. A studywas conducted to evaluate genetic diversity of six QPM andfive normal maize inbred lines, to determine the relationshipbetween genetic distance based on SSR markers and thegrain yield of single cross hybrid, and to get informationpromising hybrid from the single cross of QPM hybrid.Twenty four polymorphic primers that covered the 10 maizechromosomes were used to fingerprint the lines, detectingin 94 alleles (average of 3.9 and a range of 2-6 alleles perlocus). Genetic divergences were determined using theJaccard’s similarity coefficient, and a dendrogram wasconstructed using the UPGMA. Cluster analysis divided theinbreds into two clusters that were confirmed by principalcoordinate analysis. Two promising QPM hybrids that arecrossed from different heterotic group were found. Theestimated value of simple correlations (r) of GDs with thegain yield of single cross hybrid was negatif (-0.07). There isa need to conduct more field trials to obtain more accuratecorrelations, particularly in a practical utility for predictingmaize hybrid performance for grain yield.
Pencarian Alel untuk Identifikasi Gen Ketahanan Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri, Xa7 pada Plasma Nutfah Padi Lokal Indonesia Dwinita W Utami; Endang M Septiningsih; Triny S Kadir; Fatimah W Fatimah; Siti W Yuriyah
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 1 (2010): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n1.2010.p1-9

Abstract

Allele Mining of Bacterial Blight Resistance Gene, Xa7 onIndonesian Local Rice Germplasm. Dwinita W. Utami,Endang M. Septiningsih, Trini S. Kadir, Fatimah, and SitiYuriyah. The abundance of novel genetic variation existingin germplasm collections is the foundation for varietyimprovement in plant breeding program. Nevertheless,studies on Indonesian genetic diversity rice germplasmusing molecular markers are still poorly. Recent advances inutilizing of simple sequence repeat (SSR) in QTL mappingand whole rice genome sequences were positive support ongenetic diversity of rice germplasm research. Based on theseadvance technology, we developed the research to discovernew alleles at important gene loci that can be used for riceimprovement. This approach is recognized as allele miningtechnology. On this study the target genes for allele miningresearch is the resistance gene for bacterial leaf blightpathogen, Xa7. This point was introduced by identify thegenetic diversity of 96 accessions Indonesian local ricegermplasm. The Xa7 allele mining was done by SNP (singlenucleotide polymorphism) designing primers based on DNAsequence around the gene target. The significant LD mapwas detected by association mapping between phenotypeand SNP genotyping data of the selected germplasm whichhaving superior performance on BLB resistance andrepresenting on genetic diversity clustering. The resultsshown that Xa7 allele variation were found in Parekaligolara(Indica, 15141), and Gajah Mada (Indica, 5856), whichresistant to BLB races IV and VIII on generative stage andfield condition. The significant Xa7-SNP8 and Xa7-SNP11markers were associating with the LD map position of Xa7gene on 28, 05-28,1Mb of chromosome 6 in rice genome.
Gen Pengendali Sifat Ketahanan Penyakit Blas (Pyricularia grisea Sacc.) pada Spesies Padi Liar Oryza rufipogon Griff. dan Padi Budi Daya IR64 Dwinita Wikan Utami; Sugiono Moeljopawiro; Hajrial Aswidinnoor; Asep Setiawan; Ida Hanarida
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 1, No 1 (2005): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v1n1.2005.p1-6

Abstract

Improvement of rice for durable resistance rice blast is difficult due to the complexity of the inheritance of resistance. As study was conducted to analyze blast resistance in rice using two different approaches, i.e., blast QTL mapping and comparison of resistance spectrum and genetic control. The blast QTL mapping was done using an interspesific population originated from backcrossing between a wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, and a cultivated rice, IR64. Comparison of resistance spectrum and genetic control was based on phenotypic reactions. Results of the experiment showed that based on the blast QTL mapping, genes Pirf2-1(t) and Pir2-3(t) were mapped on chromosome 2. Gene Pirf2-1(t) was isolated from chromosome 2 of O. rufipogon and coding for resistance to P. grisea race 001, while gene Pir2-3(t), which was isolated from rice cultivar IR64, was coding for resistance to P. grisea race 173. Based on the resistance spectrum, O. rufipogon has a non-race specific resistance. Gene Pirf2-1(t) on O. rufipogon contributed a dominant mode of resistance to blast which was affected by a duplicate epistasis. The other gene, Pir2-3(t) contributed an additive mode of resistance which was affected by a complementary epistasis.
Konstruksi Kandidat Gen AV1 Begomovirus pada pBI121 dan Introduksinya ke dalam Tembakau Menggunakan Vektor Agrobacterium tumefaciens Tri Joko Santoso; Muhammad Herman; Sri H Hidayat; Hajrial Aswidinnoor; Sudarsono Sudarsono
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 1 (2011): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v7n1.2011.p9-18

Abstract

Construction of Begomovirus AV1 Gene Candidate intopBI121 and Its Introduction into Tobacco by usingAgrobacterium tumefaciens Vector. Tri J. Santoso,Muhammad Herman, Sri H. Hidayat, HajrialAswidinnoor, and Sudarsono. Infection of Begomovirushas caused leaf curl disease in tomato. This infection hassignificantly impact on yield losses of tomato production.Recently, in Indonesia there was no effectively way tocontrol this disease. The use of resistant tomato variety isone of strategies to control this virus. Genetic engineeringtechnology gives an opportunity to develop the transgenictomato resistant to Begomovirus through pathogen derivedresistance (PDR) approach. The objectives of this studywere to construct the Begomovirus AV1 candidate gene inthe pBI121 and to introduce the construct into tobacco plantgenome through Agrobacterium tumefaciens vector. A seriesactivites in gene construct have been conducted includePCR amplification of AV1 gene using a pair of specificprimer, cloning the gene into pGEM-T easy, transformation ofthe clone into Escherichia coli DH5α competent cell,construct the gene into pBI121, and transform the constructinto A. tumefaciens. Leaf segments of in vitro tobacco plantwere transformed by co-cultivation with A. tumefacienscontaining ToLCV-AV1 construct. In the research activitiy,Indonesian Begomovirus AV1 gene was successfullyamplified and inserted in expression vector plasmid pBI121.Tobacco transformants carrying kanamycin-resistant gene(nptII gene) were regenerated and established in theglasshouse. Those transformant plants are expectedcontaining the AV1 gene.
Seleksi dan Konfirmasi Alel Gen-gen Hd pada Padi Berumur Genjah dan Produktivitas Tinggi Persilangan Code x Nipponbare Ahmad Dadang; Tasliah Tasliah; Joko Prasetiyono
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 9, No 1 (2013): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v9n1.2013.p11-18

Abstract

To support the IP 300 program rice varietieswith both early maturity and high productivity are needed.The objective of the research was to improve those traits inCode variety using RIL (recombinant inbreed line) methods.The research was conducted in the year 2009-2011 at thegreenhouse and laboratory of Molecular Biology, IndonesianCenter for Agricultural Biotechnology and GeneticResources Research and Development. Materials consistedof 600 individuals of F2 derived from one of F1 Code xNipponbare crossed plants and they were planted up to F4with seed-to-seed, then confirmed by 8 microsatelitemarkers linked to loci of Hd genes. The molecular analysisshowed that 84 of 600 F2 plants produced. The F4 plants have50% of flowering time shorter than F2 and F3 plants. Twolines (CdNb_388 and CdNb_270) have higher productivitycompared to Code by the number of productive tillers (20)and the number of tiller grains (2240 and 1740) and haveclosely 50% of 60 days flowering time of Nipponbare. Threelines of F4 plants (CdNb_270, 364, and 388) were predictedto have allele of Hd7 gene, and CdNb_472 was predicted tohave alelle of Hd14 gene.
Potensi Pemanfaatan Perangkat Diagnostik ELISA serta Variannya untuk Deteksi Patogen Tanaman Yadi Suryadi; Ifa Manzila; muhammad Machmud
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 5, No 1 (2009): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v5n1.2009.p39-48

Abstract

Diseases aremajor constrains to agricultural crop productions in Indonesia.In the current free world trade system, the chances ofintroduction of plant quarantine agents are higher, and aredifficult to control, due to importation of seeds and otherplanting materials. Principles of the plant disease controlinclude exclusion and eradication. Early and accurate diseasediagnosis is an early and important step for a successfuldisease control. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA) is a promising technique for an aneffective andefficient disease diagnosis. Some advantages of techniqueover the conventional and molecular diagnostic techniquesare economical use of reagents, high sensitivity, relativelysimple and quick, suitable for large numbers of samples,and adaptable for automation. In the past decade, severalvariants and kits of ELISA had been introduced, such asIndirect ELISA, F(ab’)2 ELISA, Dot Blot ELISA, and ImmunoFluorescence Assay (ELFA). Based on the solid membraneused, the Dot Blot ELISA some variants were developed,such as the NCM-ELISA, Tissue Blotting ELISA, dan Paper ELISA. The ELISA variants had different limit of detection levels. The limit detection of the variants for bacteria is ranging from 102-105 cells/ml, while those for viruses were from 1-10 ng/ml. The times required for the ELISA tests ranging from 5-48 hours. Models and components of ELISA kits for some viral and bacterial plant pathogens had been developed, but more are still needed since generally for each pathogen needs a different kit. The commercially available ELISA kits are limited in numbers, some of themare for pathogens that are not present in Indonesia. Production of ELISA kits for domestic uses will be more effective and efficent, particularly for pathogens that are present in the country. The ELISA kits are applicable not only fo detection and identification of pathogens, but also forecological study of the pathogens in conjuction with epidemiological study of the disease. This paper is a brief review on the ELISA technique and its variants and potential uses for detection of plant pathogens

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