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Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner

JITV
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 08537380 EISSN : 2252696X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

Aims JITV (Jurnal Ilmu ternak dan Veteriner) or Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (IJAVS) aims to publish original research results and reviews on farm tropical animals such as cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, poultry, as well as non domesticated Indonesian endemic animals, such as deers, anoa, babirusa, etc. Scope Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences . The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of animal science and veterinary

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi

Articles 1,756 Documents

106 107 108 109 110

Supplementation strategies to improve efficiency of rumen microbial protein synthesis on cattles fed with tropical grass hay Marthen L Mullik
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 11, No 1 (2006): MARCH 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

This experiment aimed at increasing rumen microbial protein supply into intestine through ration manipulation. Four Santa Gertrudis steers with a mean liveweight (W) of 218 (±5.6) kg were used in a latin square design (4 x 4) to observe the effect of four diets on the efficiency of rumen microbial protein synthesis (EMPS). The steers were given pangola grass hay (8.5% protein) as the basal diet. The treatments were 1) pangola grass hay alone (KON), 2) pangola grass hay + 19 g urea/kg dry matter (DM) hay (URE), 3) as for treatment URE + a supplement mix at 0.5% W (SUP), and 4) as for treatment SUP + salt at 0.15% W (SUG). Urea was added into the hay to support a theoretical EMPS of 160 g MCP/kg digestible organic matter (DOM) whereas supplement mix contains fast, medium, and slow rumen fermentable energy and protein to synchronise energy and protein release in the rumen. Salt was added to alter passage rate of digesta. Addition of urea alone or with supplement mix increased EMPS significantly compared to KON (77 g MCP/kg DOM) but no difference between URE (119 g MCP/kg DOM) and SUP (110 g MCP/kg DOM). Addition of salt into supplement mix increased EMPS by 84% (140 g MCP/kg DOM). It might be concluded that rumen degradable protein (RDP) was deficient in steers fed low quality grass hay hence urea supplementation significantly increased EMPS to a similar extent as that of the supplement mix formulated to have a synchrony in protein and energy release. Increasing fluid dilution rate, by adding salt, also had a dramatic affect on EMPS as observed in treatment SUG. It increased up to the level suggested in the International feeding standards. Key Words: Microbial Protein, Soluble Protein, Dilution Rate, Supplement, Tropical Grass

Artificial neural networks simulation to define critical temperature of Fries Holland based on physiological responses Suherman D; Purwanto BP; Manalu W; Permana IG
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 18, No 1 (2013): MARCH 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) simulation for industrial engineering is used to define critical temperature of Fries Holland (FH) heifer based on physiological responses on models to predict heart rate and respiratory rate, using ambient temperature and humidity inputs. The research was conducted using six dairy cattles in Bogor and in Jakarta. The heifers were fed at 6 am and 3 pm daily. The environmental condition (Ta, Rh, THI, and Va) and physiological responses (heart rate and respiration rate) were then measured for 14 days in two months at 1 h intervals started from 5 am to 8 pm. By using this ANN simulation, the critical temperature for FH heifer were defined, from heart rate at Ta 24,5°C and Rh 78% at Bogor, and at Ta 23,5°C and Rh 88% at Jakarta, from respiratory rate at Ta 22,5°C and Rh 78% at Bogor, and at Ta 23,5°C and Rh 78% at Jakarta. The respiratory rate on FH heifer was more sensitive to stress due to Ta and Rh fluctuation than the heart rate. Key Words: Artificial Neural Network, Critical Temperature, Heifer, Physiological Respons

Cases of aspergillosis in Javan Hawk-eagle (Spizaetus bartelst): Isolation of the causative agents and the pathological changes of the diseas Sukardi Hastiono; Rini Damayanti; Djaenudin Gholib
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 1, No 2 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Two cases of aspergillosis in Javan Hawk-eagle (Spizaetus banelsi) from Safari Garden of Indonesia, Cisarua, Bogor, have been reported . Specimens of lungs, airsacs, livers, spleens, kidneys, and intestines were examined mycologically and pathologically . Mycological examination revealed in the isolation of the causative agents from lungs and airsacs, ie . Aspergillus niger from one bird, and Aspergillusfianigarus from the other one . Pathological anatomy examination showed formation of yellowish white miliary nodule lesions, especially in the lungs and airsacs, while histopathological examination showed congestion and granulomatous tissue formation in the lungs, ie . specific lesion of mycotic infection with necrotic zone in the centre, surrounded by lymphocytes, macrophages, fibrin, and fungal hyphae . Pathological changes of the other organs were also described . These findings were the first officially description of aspergillosis cases in these carnivorous birds .

Effects of inclusion levels of Indigofera sp. on feed intake, digestibility and body weight gain in kids fed Brachiaria ruziziensis. Andi Tarigan; S. P. Ginting
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 16, No 1 (2011): MARCH 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Twenty weaned male goats (F1 of Boer x Kacang) with initial weight of 9 to 12 kg and ages ranging between 3.0 and 4.0 months were used in a study to evaluate the increasing inclusion of Indigofera sp foliage as a source of protein in diets based on chopped Brachiaria ruziziensis for growing goats. Five goats were allocated to one of four treatments in a randomised block design. The diet treatments were: T0 (control diets): B. ruziziensis (100%), T1 (85% B. ruziziensis + 15% Indigofera sp.), T2 (70% B. ruziziensis + 30% Indigofera sp.) T3 (55% B. ruziziensis + 45% Indigofera sp.) all on DM basis. Feed (DM) was offered daily at 3.5% BW. The content of CP in Indigofera sp is relatively high (258 g/kg DM), while the NDF (350.7 g/kg DM) and ADF (232.2 g/ kg DM) concentrations were low. The content of secondary compounds such as total phenol (8.9 g/kg DM), total tannin (0.8 g/kg DM) and condensed tannin (0,5 g/kg DM) were considerably low. The inclusion of Indigofera sp foliage in diets increased (P < 0.05) the DM, OM, CP, NDF and ADF digestibilities. The digestibility of DM (601,0 g/kg DM), OM (625 g/kg DM) and CP (699.0 g/kg DM) were highest in the T3 diets. DM intakes were greatest in the T2 and T3 diets (P < 0.05). Total gain increased 39, 78 and 85% in T1, T2 and T3 respectively, compared to that in the control diet. Daily gains were highest in the T3 (52.4 g) and T2 (50.5 g) diets, but feed efficiency was highest (P < 0.05) in the T3 diets (0,12). Feed efficiency were not different (P > 0.05) among the T0,T1 and T2 diets and ranged from 0.08 to 0.09. It is concluded that the foliage of Indigofera sp could be used as feed supplement to supply proteins with low tannin contents. In a grass-based diets Indigofera sp colud be used at the level of 30 to 45% (DM) for growing kids. Key Words: Indigofera, Inclusion Level, Feed Intake, Digestibility, ADG, Goats

Genomic DNA restriction endonuclease from Pasteurella multocida isolated from Indonesia, katha strain and reference strains and analysed by PFGE Supar .
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 8, No 3 (2003): SEPTEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Pasteurella multocida strains are the causative disease agents of wide range of domestic and wild animals in Indonesia. The most important serotypes are associated with Hemorrhagic septicaemic (HS) diseases in cattle and buffaloes, cholera in ducks and chickens. The HS disease associated with P. multocia in large ruminants in Indonesia is controled by killed whole cell vaccines produced by the use of P. multocida Katha strains. There is no discriminatory data of the molecular biology technique has been applied to investigate P. multocida isolates from different geographic locations in Indonesia. The purpose of this studies were to observe the genetic diversity among P. multocida isolated from various geograpic locations and compared with Katha vaccine strain and other reference strains. A total samples of 38 isolates and strains of P. multocida were analysed by means of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Each sample was grown in nutrient broth, cells were separeted by centrifugation. Whole cell pellet was mixed with agarose and then prepared agarose plugs. The genomic DNA of each sample was digested in situ (plug) with either restriction endonuclease of ApaI and/or BamHI. The digested genomic DNA of each sample was analysed by PFGE, the genomic DNA restricted profile of each sample was compared with others. The use of ApaI restriction endonuclease digestion and analysed by PFGE, demonstrated that 34 out of 38 P. multocia samples could be differentiated into 16 ApaI types, whereas based on the BamHI digestion of these samples were differentiated into 20 BamHI types. Genomic DNA restriction pattern of Indonesian P. multocida isolates originated from cattle and buffaloes associated with haemorrhagic septicaemic diseases demonstrated different pattern to those of vaccine Katha strain, poultry strains as well as the reference strains currenly kept at Balitvet Culture Collection (BCC) unit. Two P. multocida isolates derived from ducks with cholera disease showed similar pattern support the previous findings which exhibited similar pathogecity and vaccine protection. The majority of HS causing P. multocida isolates from some provinces in Indonesia belong to ApaI type 1 (7 isolates), six of these isolates belong to BamHI type 1. The BamHI restriction endonuclease digestion demonstrated higher discriminatory than that of ApaI. These restrection endonucleases digestion combined with PFGE analysis were effective for molecullar defferentiation of P. multocida strains and could be applied to other bacterial veterinary pathogens as well as for local isolate vaccine sellection. Key words: Pasteurella multocida, restriction endonuclease analysis, genomic DNA, PFGE

The effect of continuous feeding of gliricidia on reproduction and production performances of Javanese Fat-Tailed sheep: Impact on the second breeding Supriyati .; I-G.M Budiarsana; I-K Sutama
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 4, No 3 (1999): SEPTEMBER 1999
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The effect of continuous feeding of gliricidia on reproduction and production performances in second breeding of Javanese Fat-Tailed (JFT) sheep through the second breeding period was studied. Twenty six ewes post lactation at first lambing (body weight 22.5-26.5 kg) were divided into four treatment groups. Each group consisted of 6 animals except Group D had 8 animals. They were given King grass (Pennisetum purpureophoides) and gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium Jacq.) leaf with ratio of 100:0 (Group A = control), 75:25 (Group B), 50:50 (Group C) and 0:100 (Group D). Forages were given 2.5-3% (dry matter) of liveweight. All groups were supplemented with 100g/head/day concentrate (crude protein = 16%), but during late pregnancy and lactation they were supplemented at 200 g/head/day. Results showed that feeding gliricidia 25-100% of total forages improved body weight due to the increasing protein intake. The maximum concentration of progesteron increased from 0.81 to 2.78 ng/ml. The ovulation rate and prolification also increased significantly (P<0.05) from 1.6 to 3.0 and 1.33 to 2.38, respectively. Individual birth and weaning weights of the lambs were not affected. It is concluded that feeding gliricidia continuously up to 100% as forages and supplemented with concentrate gives positive effect on bodyweight gain, reproduction and production performances in second breeding of JFT sheep. Key words : Sheep, gliricidia, reproduction, second breeding

The change in cholesterol content of long chain fatty acid egg during processing and its influence to the Rattus norvegicus L. blood cholesterol content Dini Hardini; Tri Yuwanta; Zuprizal .; Supadmo .
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 11, No 4 (2006): DECEMBER 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Egg containing long chain unsaturated fatty acids is a functional food, because it is highly nutritious and could prevent diseases, (omega 3 and 6) such as coronary heart attack. The research was aimed to measure the change of egg cholesterol content during proceesing: frying, oiless frying and boiling and their influence to the blood plasma cholesterol of normal and hypercholesterolemia rat. Seven treatments of egg yolk were frying at 170°C for 3 min (welldone = GM), and 1min (half medium fried = GSM) using deep fryer , oilless frying at 70°C for10 min (fried = TM), and 6 min (half fried = TSM) using Teflon pan, and boiling at 100°C for 10’ (boiled = RM) dan 4 min (half boiled = RSM) using pan provided with thermoregulator and a fresh omega egg as a control. The Completely randomized design was apllied for 4 weeks research period. The data from different treatments were analyzed by Orthogonal Contrast. Fifty 2 months old male rats Rattus norvegicus L. separated in 2 groups; normal and hypercholesterolemia (blood cholesterol > 200 mg dl-1). The rats were placed in individual cage, fed 15 g h-1 day-1 and water drinking ad libitum. The ration was composed of 90% basal commercial feed BR II and 10% egg yolk was given to each animal at 20% of live weight. Factorial 2 x 7 of completely randomized design was applied. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Processsing method of egg affected to cholesterol content of egg, The lowest and the highest cholesterol contents were observed in TSM (0.30 g/100g) and GM (0.37 g/100g), respectively. Biological test using Rattus norvegicus L rat showed that either fresh and processed long chain fatty acid egg decreased plasma cholesterol. The highest and the lowest decreases of cholesterol content were found in the group consumed RSM (8.64%) and GM (1.77%) for normal rat; and control (46.3%) followed by RSM (44.53%) and GM (24.86%), respectively. To maintain normal cholesterol and decrease cholesterol content of cholesterolemian, the omega egg should be consumed in fresh or half boiled egg. Key Words: Cholesterol, Omega-3, Omega-6, Rattus norvegicus L.

The responses of eosinophil and packed cell volume (PCV) on sheep infected with Fasciola gigantica S Widjajanti; S Endah Estuningsih; Subandriyo Partoutomo; H.W Raadsma; T.W Spithill; D Piedrafita
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 7, No 3 (2002): SEPTEMBER 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The responses of eosinophil and packed cell volume (PCV) values were verified in infected sheep, in order to identify whether these parameters could be used to predict the flukes burden and their correlation with breed resistance. Fifteen Indonesian thin tail sheep (ET), 9 Merino sheep and 148 backcross sheep generated from mating of Merino sheep and F1 sheep (Merino X ET cross) were infected with 300 metacercariae of Fasciola gigantica. The blood samples were collected every 2 weeks by using EDTA venoject tubes in order to determine the amount of eosinophils and the PCV value. After 14 weeks of infection all of sheep were killed and the liver was collected in order to determine the number of flukes. The results showed that the amount of eosinophils increased 2 weeks after infection and reached the peak at week 4 after infection. The average of eosinophils in ET appeared higher than the other 2 breeds (Merino was the lowest and the backcross was in between). The correlation between the number of flukes recovered from the liver and the eosinophil counts were positive in ET and Merino, but negative in the backcross sheep. The PCV values remained constant along the trial, except at week 14 after infection; the PCV values were slightly decreased in backcross sheep and Merino sheep, but not in ET sheep. The correlation between number of flukes in the liver and the PCV values were negative in all breeds of sheep. These results suggested that the eosinophilic and PCV’s response of ET were higher compared to backcross and Merino sheep, thus that responses were thought to be associated with the resistant phenomenon. Key words: Fasciolosis, eosinophil, PCV, sheep

Genetic Polymorphism of the Lactoferrin Gene in Dairy and Beef Cattles at National Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Stations Anneke Anggraeni; G.E Mumpunie; R Misrianti; C Sumatri
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 17, No 4 (2012): DECEMBER 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Lactoferrin (LTF) adalah gen pengontrol komponen protein susu dan memiliki karakteristik sebagai antimikrobial. LTF pada susu berfungsi untuk mencegah diare, sedangkan pada sapi laktasi untuk mencegah mastitis pada ambing. Mempertimbangkan peran penting dari gen LTF, maka perlu dilakukan peningkatan kadar LTF dalam susu melalui seleksi pada taraf DNA. Polymorfisme genetik dari gen LTF diidentifikasi pada sapi perah dan potong dengan metoda Polymerase Chain Reaction - Restricsion Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), dengan enzim restriksi EcoRI. Genotyping dilakukan pada sapi perah Friesian Holstein (FH) total sejumlah 89 ekor, meliputi dari Balai Inseminasi Buatan Lembang (BIB Lembang) untuk 17 pejantan, Balai Besar IB Singosari (BBIB Singosari) untuk 32 pejantan, dan Balai embrio Transfer Cipelang (BET Cipelang) pada 40 dara. Genotyping dilakukan pula pada sapi potong dara berasal dari empat bangsa, meliputi Limousin (14 ekor), Angus (5 ekor), Simmental (13 ekor) dan Brahman (5 ekor) dari BET Cipelang. Gen LTF|EcoRI pada sapi perah dan potong pengamatan menghasilkan dua tipe alel, yaitu alel A dan B. Kedua jenis sapi tersebut menghasilkan hanya dua genotipe, yaitu genotipe AA dan AB, tanpa genotipe BB. Ini dapat menjadi hal yang baik karena genotipe AA dan AB dipertimbangkan berasosiasi dengan ketahan pada mastitis. Nilai-nilai dari heterozygositas observasi (Ho) dari gen ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan heterozigositas ekspektasi (He). Disimpulkan bahwa gen LTF|EcoRI memiliki variasi yang baik pada sapi perah dan sapi potong dari ketiga balai bibit nasional tersebut. Kata Kunci: Polymorfisme genetik, Friesian Holstein, gen Lactoferrin, PCR-RFLP

Effects of grazing systems on pasture production and quality of Brachiaria brizantha and liveweight gain of lambs . Simon P Ginting; K.R Pond
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 2, No 2 (1996)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Grazing cycle beyond parasite survival time can reduce the level of parasite contamination, but at the same time it may depress the quality of available forage for animal production . A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of grazing management systems on the production and quality of Brachiaria brizantha and the performance of lamb grazing this pasture . A total of 72 male lambs aged from 3 to 4 months were used . The lambs were divided into 3 groups and randomly allocated to receive one of the following grazing treatments : GMl-pastures were grazed for 6 weeks and then rested for 6 weeks, GM2-pastures were grazed for 1 week and then rested for 6 weeks, and GM3-pastures were grazed for 12 weeks and then rested for 12 weeks . The herbage mass measured before and after grazing was greatest (P<0.01) forGM3. Canopy compositions before grazing as not different (P>0 .10) among the three grazing methods, while after grazing, the proportion of stem fraction was highest and leaf fraction was lowest for GM3 (P<0 .01) . The in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of plucked samples were not different (P>0 .10) among the grazing methods. The crude protein (CP) concentration was lower (P<0 .05) for GM3 as compared for GM 1 and GM2, and a difference of two percentage unitmay be of biological important. The changes in IVDMD and CP concentration of the plucked samples collected throughout grazing cycle remained reasonably steadily . Average daily gains (ADG) were low and not different (P>0 .10) across grazing treatment and ranged from 29 to 35 g. It was concluded that a 12-week grazing cycle while could increase the herbage mass of Brachiaria brizantha did not decrease feed intake, the digestibility and the crude protein concentration of the consumed forage . Therefore, this gazing system could be considered as a means to control parasite establishment on pastures. Key words : Grazing systems, herbage mass, forage quality, sheep

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