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Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner

JITV
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 08537380 EISSN : 2252696X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

Aims JITV (Jurnal Ilmu ternak dan Veteriner) or Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (IJAVS) aims to publish original research results and reviews on farm tropical animals such as cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, poultry, as well as non domesticated Indonesian endemic animals, such as deers, anoa, babirusa, etc. Scope Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences . The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of animal science and veterinary

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi

Articles 1,756 Documents

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Development of fowl cholera vaccine: I. Protection of Pasteurella multocida local isolate vaccine against challenge of homologous and heterologous strains. Supar .; Yudi Setiadi; Djaenuri .; Nina Kurniasih; Bhakti Poerwadhikarta; Sjafei .
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 6, No 1 (2001): MARCH 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Pasteurella multocida locally isolated from chicken and ducks (BCC 299, BCC 2331, DY1, DY2, 12TG, 15TG) andimported strains (BCC 1359, 1362; HEDDLESTON group 1 and 6 respectively) had been tested for its pathogenicity in theprevious study. The aims of this experiment were to study the preparation of local isolate pasteurellosis vaccines and to determine the protective effect of that vaccines in chicken against the highly pathogenic local isolates of P. multocida. Killed monovalent, bivalent and polyvalent pasteurellosis vaccines were prepared and each was adjunvanted with aluminum hydroxide gel at a final concentration of 1.5% and the cell concentration was equal to the No 10 of MacFarland tube standard. Each of the vaccine prepared was used to vaccinated on a group of six week old of layer chicken (8 per group). Each chicken was subcutaneously injected with 0.2 ml of vaccine, four weeks later each was boostered with similar vaccine with the same dose. Two weeks after giving the boostered vaccine each group of chicken were challenged, half with life bacterium of P. Multocida BCC 2331 and other with DY2. Any chick which survive after challenge was designated as protected by vaccination. Before vaccination 1 ml of blood was drawn from each of chicken and then two weeks apart up to challenge. Serum from each sample was separated and kept in deep freeze until tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Chicken vaccinated with killed whole cell P. multocida vaccines of monovalent (BCC 2331 or DY2) and bivalent (BCC 2331 + DY2) were protected against challenge with live bacterium of either BCC 2331 or DY2 at rate 67-100%. There was no protection in chicken vaccinated with either BCC 299, DY1, 12TG, 15TG, BCC 1359, or 1362 killed vaccine. Similarly no protection of chicken vaccinated with either DY1 + BCC299, 12TG + 15TG or BCC 1359 + BCC 1362 bivalent vaccines. The protection rate of the polyvalent local isolate vaccine was at average 50-75%. All vaccinated chicken showed the presence of antibody responses againsted the extract cell and whole cell antigens of either P. multocida BCC 2331 or DY2 local isolate as detected by ELISA. The antibody responses from vaccinated chicken against extra cellular antigens prepared from broth cultures of BCC 2331 and DY2 were detected only from vaccinated chicken with vaccine containing killed antigen of BCC 2331 and/or DY2 isolate. It is likely, the local isolate of P. multocida BCC 2331 and DY2 would be benefit for producing inactive fowl cholera vaccine use in Indonesia, but the protective antigen that enhances immune protection should be determined by means of immunoblotting techniques. Key words: Pasteurella multocida, fowl cholera, vaccine, protection

The Effects of Zinc-biocomplex and Zinc-methionate supplementation on the ration for lambs Supriyati .
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 13, No 2 (2008): JUNE 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The effects of zinc-biocomplex and zinc-methionate on the growth of young sheep were studied in this trial. Eighteen young male local sheeps were grouped into 3 groups based on body weight. The treatments are: R1 (Control), R2 (R1 + Zn-biocomplex supplementation), R3 (R1 + Zn-methionate supplementations), with the concentration of Zn was 50 mg kg-1 in daily concentrate. Zink biocomplex and methionate were prepared in IRIAP laboratory. Feeds given were Elephant grass ad libitum and 200 g h-1 concentrate (CP = 15.40%). The initial body weights were 12.36 to 12.97 kg. Body weights were measured every forthnight and feed consumption was recorded daily. Completely randomized design was applied in this trial. Statistical analysis was carried out by using General Linear Model (GLM). After 3 months feeding trial the average daily gains were 52.65, 71.28 and 71.30 g h-1 (P<0.05) for treatments R1, R2 and R3, respectively; with the mean daily intakes were 583, 562 and 531 g h-1 (P<0.05). The mean feed conversion ratio (FCR) for R1, R2 and R3 were 10.96, 8.44 dan 8.75 (P<0.05). It could be concluded that supplementation of Zn biocomplex and methionate produced in this institute (R1 and R2) gave better performance than control. Forms of Zn (biocomplex and methionate) did not give significant effect on difference (P>0.05) growth. Key Words: Zn- Biocomplex, Zn-Methionate, Supplementation, Growth, Sheep

Altering physiological conditions and semen acidity by manipulating dietary cation-anion difference and fish oil supplemenation of Garut breed rams Rahmat Hidayat; T. Toharmat; A. Boediono; I.G. Permana
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 14, No 1 (2009): MARCH 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Contribution of Garut breed sheep as protein resources is not optimal yet. Acceleration of population growth such as increasing of female offspring is neccesary. This study was carried out to obtain information regarding the effect of dietary cation-anion difference (PKAR: meq [(Na + K) – (Cl+S)/100 g of dry matter]) and fish oil supplementation on acidity of blood and semen, blood gas and plasma and semen mineral. The dietary treatmens were as follows: RN0= basal ration (PKAR +14) without fish oil, RNI= basal ration (PKAR +14) with 3% fish oil, RB0= base ration (PKAR +40) without fish oil, RBI= base ration (PKAR +40) with 3% fish oil, RA0= acid ration (PKAR -40) without fish oil, and RAI= acid ration (PKAR -40) with 3% fish oil. The rations contained 150 ppm of zinc and were offered to 18 of Garut rams. The result indicated that blood pH, pCO2, and pO2 were not affected by PKAR and fish oil supplementation, but cHCO3 and cBase were affected (P<0.05). PKAR and fish oil supplementation affected (P<0.01) plasma Mg and S, but did not affect K, Na, Zn and Cl. Semen pH after day 28 of experimental period were highly significant different and that followed PKAR pattern. In conclution, PKAR affected cBase, cHCO3, concentration of Mg and S plasma and semen pH of Garut rams. The result suggested that PKAR could be applied to manipulate physiological condition and semen pH. Key Words: PKAR, Physiological Condition, Semen, Garut Ram

Microencapsulation of bull spermatozoa: Its viability in alginate-egg yolk media Kusumaningrum DA; Purwantara B; Yusuf TL; Situmorang P
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 20, No 1 (2015): MARCH 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Microencapsulation of spermatozoa is a process to entrap a number of spermatozoa in microcapsule. Alginate, as a natural polymer polysaccharide is commonly used in cell microencapsulation. Tris Yolk Citrate buffer is a good buffer for spermatozoa dilution, therefore this experiment aimed to determine optimal concentration of alginate and egg yolk to sperm quality in bull spermatozoa microencapsulation. Concentration of egg yolk and alginate in media of encapsulation were determined in applications of sperm microencapsulation. Four bulls were used as semen source and only semen with good quality were used in this study. Poolled semen was diluted using the medium to get final concentration 100 x 106 cell/ ml. The first study was conducted to determine the effect of concentration of alginate (0, 1, and 1.5%) on viability of spermatozoa. The second study to determine the effect of alginate concentration, egg yolk and its interaction was done by comparing two levels of alginate (1 and 1.5%) with four levels of egg yolk (5, 10, 15 and 20%). Viability of spermatozoa, motility (M), live spermatozoa (L) and Intact Apical Ridge (IAR) were observed at 0, 1, 2 and 3 h incubation at room temperature. Results indicated that alginate concentration increased the osmolality and viscosity but did not affect pH of the medium. The osmolality and viscosity of medium were 275, 325, 425 and 1.12, 26.62, 47.98 for concentration of alginate 0, 1 and 1.5% respectively. Percentage of motility is significantly lower (P<0.05) in alginate medium than those of control, and 1.5% alginate could produce more uniform beads. Concentration of alginate, egg yolk and its interaction did not significantly affect viability of sperm. It is concluded that the combination of 1.5% alginate with 5, 10, 15 or 20% egg yolk can be used as media for sperm encapsulation.

The effect of fermentor temperatures and moisture content of substrate on the nutritive value of fermented palm oil sludge A.P. Sinurat; T. Purwadaria; J. Rosida; H. Surachman; H. Hamid; P. Kompiang
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 3, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

A series of experiment was designed in order to improve the nutritive value of palm oil sludge (POS) through fermentation. POS was fermented in a fermentor chamber with different temperatures (28 and 32oC) and initial moisture content of the substrate (50,55 and 60%). The nutrient content (crude protein, true protein, in vitro- dry matter and protein digestibility and crude fibre) of the fermented products were evaluated at different stages of the fermentation, i.e.: before incubated (F0), 3 d after aerobic incubation (F3) and 2 d anaerobic incubation after F3 (EN). Cellulase and mannanase activity of the EN products were also measured before and after dried at 60oC. Fermentation at 32oC produced better product (higher nutritive values), although the in vitro dry matter digestibility was not affected by the temperatures. All parameters measured were not significantly influenced by the initial moisture content of the substrate. The nutritive value of unincubated POS (F0) was significantly poorer than the F3 and EN and there was no different in nutrient value between F3 and EN. Soluble nitrogen and in vitro dry matter digestibility were not significantly affected by the stages of the fermentation. Mannanase activity in the EN product was significantly higher when the fermentation was performed at 32oC than those at 28oC and the enzyme activity was reduced after dried (320.7 vs 201.8 U/g DM). The cellulase activity of the fresh/wet fermented product produced at 28oC was significantly higher than those produced at 32oC, but the reverse was occurred in the dry products. It is concluded that fermentation process of palm oil sludge at 32oC and initial moisture content of 50-60% produced better (in vitro) nutritive value. Key words: Palm oil sludge, fermentation, nutritive value

Changes in rumen ecosystem and feed dry matter degradability of buffalo which received rumen content of cattle through cross inoculation Dicky Pamungkas; Cesar C Sevilla; Ulysses M Lustria
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 11, No 1 (2006): MARCH 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The research was done to identify changes in rumen ecosystem of buffalo which received rumen content of cattle. As much as three head of fistulated male buffaloes (live weight of 450-550 kg) and three fistulated female cattle (live weight 250-380 kg) were used. This experiment was done three stage as follows: pre-inoculation, inoculation and post-inoculation. In Pre-inoculation, the sample of rumen content was taken two hours before morning feeding and directly observed for pH rumen liquor, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA). During the last three days of the first week of pre and post inoculation, the in situ dry matter digestibility was conducted. The samples were incubated for 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours in the rumen of the experimental animals. Napier grass, leucaena, and wheat pollard were incubated separately in the nylon bags to determine DM digestibility. The cross inoculation (total of rumen content) was done less than 10 minutes. In post-inoculation, the sample of rumen content was taken at two hours before morning feeding as long as two days of two weeks after inoculation. Changes in rumen ecosystem (pH, NH3-N and total VFA) were tested by using Completely Randomized Design. Result showed that the transfer of rumen content from cattle to buffalo significantly reduced the pH level in the rumen of buffalo. However, it had no significant effect on the ammonia concentration in the rumen of buffalo and showed significantly decreased of bacteria but it was not affect on the total count of protozoa and fungi. The transfer of rumen content from cattle to buffalo significantly decreased the value of insoluble and potential digestible fraction of leucaena. The DM effective degradability of Napier grass was significantly increase (P<0.05) within outflow rate 0.02 and 0.04 h-1 after cross inoculation. In wheat pollard, a significantly decrease (P<0.05) was occurred when outflow rate was observed at 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08 h-1Key Words: Rumen Ecosystem, Cross Inoculation, Degradability

Improving nutrient values of palm kernel cake (PKC) by reducing shell contamination and enzymes supplementation Sinurat AP; Purwadaria T; Pasaribu T
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 18, No 1 (2013): MARCH 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Inclusion of palm kernel cake (PKC) in poultry feed is limited due to shell contamination and its low nutritive values, despite the increase of PKC production. Therefore, a series of experiment was conducted in order to improve nutritive values of palm kernel cake (PKC) by sieving and enzyme supplementation. First experiment was designed to reduce shell content using shiever with different diameters (1, 2 and 4 mm). Shell content was measured manually to determine the effect of the sieving. The second experiment was carried out by blowing the after sieving at 2 mm shieve PKC, to produced heavy, medium and light fractions. The shell content and nutrient contents of the medium and light fractions were compared to those of unsieved PKC. In the third experiment, the sieved PKC was supplemented with 2 enzymes with different concentrations, i.e., BS4 at 10, 15 and 20 ml/kg PKC and a commercial multi enzymes at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg PKC. Digestibility of nutrients (dry matter, crude protein and TME) were measured by force feeding method with six replications for each sample. Results of the study showed that sieving with 2 mm diameter siever without blowing was effective in reducing about 50% of PKC shell and improved crude protein, ether extract and amino acids, contents and reduced the crude fiber content of the PKC. Supplementation of enzymes improved the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and the true metabolisable energy (TME) of the PKC. Optimum improvement was obtained when PKC was supplemented with 20 ml BS4 enzymes/kg PKC. Similar improvement was obtained by supplementation of commercial multi enzymes at 2 g/kg PKC. Therefore, in order to improve the nutritive values of PKC, it is suggested to sieve the PKC followed by supplementation of enzyme prior to feeding. Key Words: Palm Kernel Cake, Sieve, Enzymes, Nutritive Values.

Subclinical malignant catarrhal fever cases in Bali cattle detected in some abattoirs by means of histopathological examination Rini Damayanti
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 1, No 2 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Surveys were conducted in Mataram (West Nusa Tenggara), Banyuwangi (East Java), Kendari (South East Sulawesi), and Denpasar (Bali) and 413 histopathological specimens were collected from Bali cattle slaughtered in abattoirs . Subclinical malignant catarrhal fever cases were found histologically with the incidence rates as follows : 22 .9% (Mataram, December 1988), 3 .1 % (Mataram, March 1992), 8.8% (Mataram, March 1993), 11 .1% (Banyuwangi, January 1993), 1 .3 % (Kendari, February 1994), and 4 .6% (Denpasar, August 1994) . Totally, from 413 samples examined, the subclinical MCF cases occurred in 36 cattle (8 .6%) .

Substitution of commercial concentrate with soy bean meal protected by tannin from banana stem juice for lambs Dwi Yulistiani; I-W. Mathius; W. Puastuti
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 16, No 1 (2011): MARCH 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Study was conducted to evaluate the optimal utilization of protected soy bean meal with secondary compound from banana stem juice in ration for sheep and its effect on sheep performance. Soy bean meal was mixed with banana stem juice at ratio 1:1 (w/v) then dried in the oven at temperature 90oC. This protected soy bean meal was used to substitute commercial concentrate in sheep ration. The experiment used 24 head male lamb Sumatera composite breed. The lambs were grouped into six group based on its body weight and was assigned to one of 4 diets treatment. The sheep was fed on grass basal diet and supplemented with commercial concentrate. Data recorded were feed consumption, nutrient digestibility, average daily gain, feed efficiency and nitrogen utilization. Study was conducted in randomized complete block design and data obtained were analyzed using general linier model from SAS program. Results show that dry matter intake (DMI) significantly (P < 0.05) increased with concentrate substitution by protected soy bean meal, however, there was no significant different (P > 0.05) between R10, R20 and R30. The increasing in DMI is followed by the increasing crude protein (CP) from 8.75 (R0) to 10.64; 11.68 and 12.32 g/BB0.75 respectively for R10; R20 and R30. Commercial concentrate substitution by protected soy bean meal significantly increased DM and CP digestibility at all levels. However, this substitution did not significantly affected organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility. Nitrogen excretion in urine was only increased at this level 30% substitution but nitrogen retention increased at substitution levels 20 and 30%. From this study can be concluded that commercial concentrate substitution with protected soy bean meal in the diet only increased CP consumption and CP digestibility but not average daily gain of lamb. Key Words: Soy Bean Meal, Tannin, Protein, Banana Stem Juice

The comparison of cellulase activities from bacteria and molds isolated from termites Tresnawati Purwadaria; Pesta A Marbun; Arnold P Sinurat; Pius P Ketaren
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 8, No 4 (2003): DECEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Screening for choosing the best bacterium and mold producing cellulase was carried out from eight xylanolytic bacteria and three cellulolytic molds isolated from termites. Each bacterium and mold was inoculated on the agar medium containing minerals and carboxymethylcellulose. The diameters of colony and clearing zones were measured after stained with Congo red. Four bacteria: Bacillus larvae XB 1-1, B. larvae XU 2-2, Bacillus PU 2-2, and B. pumilus PU 4-2 showing higher clearing zone ratio were further submerged cultured in PM medium containing 2% wheat pollard in the shaker incubator at room temperature, 150 rpm for 36 and 48 hours. The three molds: Aspergillus flavus S 13, MS 21, and Penicillium nalgiovense S 11 were also cultured in the same way as bacteria, but in Mandels medium containing 2% wheat pollard for three and five days incubation time. B. pumilus PU 4-2 and A. flavus S 13 produced the highest CMCase in each group respectively. All enzyme assays of A. flavus S 13 had higher activities than that of B. pumilus PU 4-2. The specific activity of CMCase, avicelase, FPase, and cellobiohidrolase were the highest on the enzyme of A. flavus S 13 produced from 3 days incubation time, while its β- glucosidase was the best for five days incubation. In term of activities, A. flavus S 13 had the highest ability to produce cellulase. The ability of B. pumilus PU 4-2 to produce cellulase and xylanase at the same time was an additional value. Key words: Bacillus pumilus, Aspergillus flavus, cellulases

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Ahmadi Riyanto

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Kota bogor,

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