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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

WARTAZOA
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 02166461 EISSN : 23546832 DOI : 10.14334

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 785 Documents

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Financial Analysis of Various Small Scale Duck Business Broto Wibowo
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2016): JUNE 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The development of duck farming in Indonesia significantly increases because of the higher demand of duck products. Duck farming has been developed throughout Indonesia, however it has not been evenly distributed because most of duck population are located in Java, which reaches 20,657,778 birds or 47.1% of the national duck population. Several business opportunities based on duck farming are: (1) Duck farming to produce consumption and hatching eggs; (2) Egg hatching to produce day old duck, either male or female duck; (3) Raising duck to produce pullet duck; (4) Fattening to produce male duck (three months old); (5) Production of salted egg; and (6) Egg distribution. These businesses are economically feasible.

Androgen Regulation in Spermatogenesis to Increase Male Fertility Hasbi Hasbi; Sri Gustina
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 28, No 1 (2018): March 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Male fertility is affected by quantity and quality of sperm which controlled by androgens (testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone) mediated by androgen receptors (AR). Androgen receptors belong to receptor group of steroid hormone and a group of ligand-activated nuclear receptor superfamily. This paper explains androgen hormone and its regulation in spermatogenesis to increase male fertility. Regulation of androgen hormone in spermatogenesis include initiation of spermatogenesis, proliferation and maturation of Sertoli cells, germ cell development, spermatogonia, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. The role of androgen hormone in regulation of spermatogenesis is influenced by AR, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. Disruption of spermatogenesis will cause low male fertility. However, low concentrations of AR, LH and FSH could be enhanced by exogenous gonadotrophine releasing hormone (GnRH), LH, FSH, and testosterone to increase male fertility.

Local Plants as Feed Supplementation to Improve Ruminant Milk Production and Quality Chandra Utami Wirawati; M B Sudarwanto; D W Lukman; I Wientarsih
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 27, No 3 (2017): September 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Milk productivity is highly dependent on inputs used in the dairy farm. The limited source of forage or native grasses with low nutritional quality reduce production and reproduction of dairy cows. Improvement of feed quality can be conducted by various ways, including fortification and supplementation with specific substances that have the potency to increase milk production. This paper describes the potency of local plants, nutritional and bioactive substances that can be utilized to improve production and quality of milk. Some of these plants are cassava (Manihot sp), torbangun (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) Spreng) and katuk (Sauropus androgynus (L) Merr) leaves which are potential as feed supplement for cows, goats, and buffalo. The high protein bypass and galactogogue compounds content in these plants are factors increasing production and quality of milk.

Malignant Catarrhal Fever in Indonesia and Its Control Strategy Rini Damayanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 26, No 3 (2016): SEPTEMBER 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is an immunoproliferative and lethal disease of many species of the order Artiodactyla (such as families Bovidae, Cervidae and Suidae) caused by a member of the MCF virus (MCFV) group belongs to the genus Macavirus in the subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae. There are two types of MCF i.e. Wildebeest-Associated MCF (WA-MCF) which is caused by Alcelaphine Herpesvirus-1 (AlHV-1) with wildebeest as reservoir animal; and Sheep-Associated MCF (SA-MCF) which is caused by Ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) with sheep and goats as reservoir animals. AlHV-1 virus has already been isolated whereas OvHV-2 has not been isolated so that vaccines are not yet available. Both types cannot be differentiated by clinical and pathological findings. This disease was previously diagnosed based on the epidemiological information and clinicopathological findings, but now it can be diagnosed by using molecular biological tests. This paper describes the epidemiology of MCF virus, MCF cases in Indonesia and efforts to control this disease. In Indonesia, SA-MCF cases have been reported almost in all provinces as endemic as well as epidemic nature. Separation of reservoir animal with susceptible species, "producing" a SA-MCF virus free sheep and attempt to develop a recombinant vaccine against SA-MCF is the main control strategy that can be suggested.

Competitiveness of Indonesian Livestock Production among ASEAN Countries Tjeppy D Soedjana; Atien Priyanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 27, No 1 (2017): March 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ASEAN is one of the fastest growing regional economic communities and its combined human population of around 600 million people. Heterogeneity of ASEAN member countries includes population size, cultural background, structure and development of the economy, and level of income. Agriculture is well known as one of the key engine of economic growth of the ASEAN member countries, seen from the fact that most of the countries in this region are strongly depend on this sector including animal production. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the competitiveness of Indonesian production costs of selected livestock products compared to other ASEAN member countries. The following member countries are at their first rank or competitiveness status for the livestock and poultry commodities, namely Cambodia for beef cattle, Malaysia for pigs, the Philippines for sheep and goats, and Thailand for broiler chickens. Indonesia with the highest poultry population in the region, compared to Thailand, Malaysia, and the Philippines has not yet performed as that good in terms of production costs. The position of Indonesia based on production cost was at the fourth rank for beef, third for sheep and goat, and fourth for broiler compared to other ASEAN member countries. Therefore, Indonesia should improve the efficiency production of livestock and poultry to achieve better competition status.

Physiological Response of Brachiaria sp on Acid Soil Achmad Fanindi
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 26, No 3 (2016): SEPTEMBER 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The utilization of marginal land, especially the acid soil, for cultivation of forages is promising. Forage as a source of feed for ruminants, can also be used to improve soil fertility. Brachiaria sp is found widely grow in marginal areas, especially on acid soil showing its high adaptability. The diverse of genotypes have become interesting because the mechanism of its adaption can be studied by observing the physiological response of Brachiaria on acid soil. Brachiaria decumbens has high tolerant, while Brachiaria ruziziensis is sensitive to acid soil. Variance of physiological and morphological responses to acid soil are the foundation for determining the traits of selection in breeding activities of Brachiaria sp. This paper aims to provide the knowledge of physiological response of Brachiaria sp and this information is useful for selection of Brachiaria sp tolerant on acid soil.

Phenotypic Characterization and Distribution of Sensi-1 Agrinak Chicken Sofjan Iskandar
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 28, No 2 (2018): June 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The utilization of local chicken genetic resources in Indonesia is increasing after the government program to achieve food sovereignty including livestock products. In the year of 2017, the Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production (IRIAP) released SenSi-1 Agrinak chicken breed to be used as commercial meat type of local chicken in Indonesia. This paper describes development and distribution of the SenSi-1 Agrinak. This breed was selected from the native breed of Sentul chicken, originated from Ciamis District of West Java Province. The Sentul male was selected to achieve average live weight of 1 kg/bird at 10 weeks of age, with grey (G) and black spotted white (BSW) plumage color and pea-comb type. After six generations of selection, SenSi-1 Agrinak was released as an improved local meat-type chicken breed. License to private local chicken breeders is expected to increase SenSi-1 Agrinak population and distribution. Collaboration with several Assessment Institutes for Agricultural Technology (AIAT) and implementation of #BEKERJA-Ministry of Agriculture program can accelerate population and distribution of SenSi-1 Agrinak chicken to farmers throughout Indonesia.

Application of Reproduction Biotechnology and Molecular Genetic to Improve Productivity of Local Pigs Bayu Dewantoro Putro Soewandi
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 27, No 4 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Low productivity in local pigs is due to the absence of breeding plan with mating arrangements. The main productivity variables used in breeding are litter size (number of piglets), weaning litter, number of teats, sow productivity index, growth rate, slaughter weight, and carcass quality. Selection to produce a new breed in breeding scheme should be conducted within five generations requiring large numbers of livestock, length period, and costly. Biotechnology reproduction and genetic molecular can be used to increase the value of the variables, to shorten interval generation, and cost efficient. This paper provides information on the use of reproduction biotechnology and molecular genetic from various sources and utilization of both technologies to increase local pig productivity. Reproductive biotechnology is useful in mating arrangement and molecular genetic using marker assisted selection (MAS) is able to determine superior pig since early age.

Utilization of Rumen Mechanical Stimulator as Pseudo Fiber in Ruminant to Minimize Metabolic Problem Nurmeiliasari Nurmeiliasari; R Priyanto; D A Astuti; . Salundik; J Takahashi
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 27, No 2 (2017): June 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Feeding high concentrate diet, characterized with high starch and low fiber is applied to increase energy intake for an optimal production performance in ruminants. However, the prevalence of digestive disorder namely ruminal acidosis has been reported as drawback of this feeding strategy. This encourages farmers and nutritionist to supply adequate fiber in the diet to meet minimum dietary fiber requirement. However, feeding high forage diet is reported to give adverse effect on production performance, thus economic loss for farmers. Therefore, some sorts of artificial fiber utilizations have been introduced to reduce the risk of nutritional diseases as well as improving ruminant productivity. The utilization of rumen mechanical stimulator aims to maintain a healthy rumen function in ruminants fed with high concentrate diet. Objective of this article is to review recent development of rumen mechanical stimulators utilization, a pseudo fiber to substitute forage physical function in the rumen of ruminants. This review highlights the use of rumen mechanical stimulators in dairy cattle, beef cattle and sheep with particular attention in rumination time and rumen parameters. In conclusion, rumen mechanical stimulator is attributable to minimize metabolic problem associated with high concentrate feeding by providing mechanical stimulation on the rumen wall.

Controlling Subclinical Mastitis by Antibiotic Application during Dry Period of Dairy Cow Imas Sri Nurhayati; E Martindah
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 2 (2015): JUNE 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Prevention of mastitis is essential, as one of the efforts to control disease in dairy cow. Dry period has implications to understand the mastitis and its control strategies. The udder is very susceptible to be infected both at the beginning and towards the end of dry period. This is linked to physiological changes in udder. Treatment with antibiotics during the dry period can reduce new infection about 82% and has several advantages. The success rate of subclinical mastitis treatment is much higher (80-90%) compared to the treatment during lactation (30-40%); the doses of antibiotic can be higher and safer, due to its retention time in udder becomes longer; the risk of antibiotic contamination in milk can be avoided because the udder is not milked. Antibiotic application during dry period is the best way to treat subclinical and chronic mastitis. Treatment during dry period is a specific mastitis control for intramammary infection to avoid economic losses. Key words: Antibiotic, dry period, subclinical mastitis

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Indonesian Center for Animal Science Research and Development Jl. Raya Pajajaran Kav E-59 Bogor 16151 Bogor Indonesia

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Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA