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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
ISSN : 02166461     EISSN : 23546832     DOI : 10.14334
Core Subject : Health,
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 785 Documents
Cotton and its Relation With Gossypol A Irawan Sutikno
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (257.048 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v10i1.746

Abstract

Suitable weather is a major problem for cotton field plantation in Indonesia. In one side it needs water for growing up, on the contrary, absolute dry situation for flowering and harvesting is necessary. Therefore, cotton contribution is remarkably small (1 percent from local product) but it can be expected to increase with a new location area in the future. Although cotton ball is the main product, cotton seed becomes the by-product, which can be processed to cotton oil and its left over called cotton seed meal. The seeds contain gossypol, a toxic pigment, which found in its oil and the meal. Gossypol becomes an important factor to be noticed since the meal contains high protein, which can be used as a foodstuff. In a certain concentration, poultry and pigs can not tolerate the compound. In advance countries, oil extraction is the best way to remove gossypol, but the process is considered expensive. There is a need for alternative ways to remove it.   Key words : Cotton, gossypol, detoxification
The Control of Infectious Coryza in Chicken Tati Ariyanti; Supar .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 4 (2007): DECEMBER 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (79.854 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v17i4.874

Abstract

Infectious coryza or infectious snot is a disease caused by Haemophilus paragallinarum (HPG), that infects upper respiratory tract of either layer or broiler chickens or other poultry raised under small and large farm conditions. Infection on growing chicken caused reduction of weight gain, whereas in adult layer chicken caused decreasing egg productions, and hence significantly caused economic losses in poultry industries. Coryza cases in the farms are difficult to control by antibiotic treatments. Control by vaccination programmes using appropriate vaccines are the only ideal method, but vaccination failure using  trivalent of classical serovar A, B and C of H. paragallinarum products from USA and European countries still occurred. This might probably due to the presence of new serovar B and C raised in the poultry farms in the fields, of which their antigenicity, immunogenicity and also immunoprotection of classical coryza vaccines are different from the new serovar in the fields. Research on coryza conducted at the Indonesian Research Center for Veterinary Science during the last 2 decades, resulted in some HPG isolates (belong to the classical serovar A, B or C) and these isolates were kept at the Bbalitvet Culture Collection (BCC) Unit. Studies on local isolate of HPG vaccine productions had been conducted to determine their efficacy in experimental chickens. At the same period, it was reported from Latin America and South Africa countries that new serovars B and new serovar C were found in that regions. These new serovars B and C were identified different to that of the classical serovar B or C antigenicity and immunogenicity which lead to the failure of coryza vaccination with classical serovar A, B and C imported from USA and Europe. These retrospective studies recommend that coryza is an important disease in poultry industries in this country causing a signifinant economic losses which need to be controlled properly. Further research is needed to measure the effectiveness of local isolate vaccines. Surveillance must also be conducted in order to anticipate the emerge of new HPG variant, therefore a new type of vaccine could be developed accordingly using recent local isolate.   Key words: Haemophilus paragallinarum, coryza, control, vaccine
Listeria Monocytogenes as Contaminant of Food Derived from Animal (Foodborne Disease) Tati Ariyanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 20, No 2 (2010): JUNE 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (136.372 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v20i2.942

Abstract

Listeria monocytogenes often contaminates food derived from animal and serves as pathogenic bacteria for animals and human. The outbreaks were related with the consumption of food derived from animals such as  meat, milk, egg, seafood and its product that poorly cooked. Human listeriosis could be transmitted by direct contact with infected animal. The disease often is asymtomatic and widely distributes in the world. The mortality rate reaches to 30%. The bacteria is important because of the widespread in the environment, tolerant to acid, hot or salt environments, forms a biofilm layer and produces virulent factor (listeriolisin O/LLO). The bacteria can grow at 4°C or in the frozen food. Appropriate handlings of animals and their products are important to prevent from L. monocytogenes contamination. Key words: Foodborne disease, L. monocytogenes, food derived from animal, listeriolisin O
Important Diseases of Buffalo in Indonesia Tarmudji .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 4 (2003): DECEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (254.661 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v13i4.778

Abstract

Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is classified as valuable asset for farmers as source of additional income, meat and draught animal power in agricultural cultivable land. For the last five years, the buffalo population in Indonesia is significantly declining from 3.0 million (1997) to 2.3 million (2001) and one of causal factors is an animal disease. Some of the important buffalo diseases  in  Indonesia  are:  Malignant  Catarrhal  Fever (MCF),  Septicaemia  Epizootica (SE),  Enterotoxaemia, Surra and Fasciolosis. MCF is a fatal disease affecting buffalo. The aetiological agent is unknown and for diagnosis of MCF based on clinico-pathological  finding  and  histopathological  examination.  SE  is  an  acute  infectious  disease  of  buffalo  caused  by Pasteurella  multocida,  characterized  by  acute  inflammation  of  the  respiratory  organ  and  fatal  cases  by  acute  fibrinous pneumonia. Enterotoxaemia in buffalo is caused by Clostridium perfringens type A. Cases of buffaloes death were attributable to fatal C. perfringens alpha intoxication originating from enteritis of small intestine. Surra is caused by Trypanosoma evansi. Infection in buffalo, generally shows only chronic clinical signs with loss of body weight as the major effect. Fasciolosis or Liver Fluke Disease in buffalo is caused by one or more species of Trematode (Fasciola sp.), characterized by chronic cholangitis, bile duct containing fibrosis and mineralization in the wall and Fasciola sp. in the lumen. Some factors in diseases control appear to be consisted of quick reporting, isolation and treatment for suffering animals and vaccination with a high quality vaccine for the succeptible animals.   Key words: Buffalo, animal disease, disease control
Utilization of Jatropha curcas Seed Meal and its Limitation as Feed Ingredient Elizabeth Wina; Susana IWR; Tiurma Pasaribu
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 1 (2008): MARCH 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (139.283 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v18i1.906

Abstract

One of the alternatives to solve the problem of less fossil energy is to utilize plant as a new source of energy, i.e Jatropha curcas, known as physic nut. This plant has been promoted as a source of energy as its seed contains high level of oil which can be used as biodiesel. The meal produced after pressing the seed will become a by product which contains high level of protein but also contains several anti nutritive factors or toxic compounds. This causes a problem to utilize this seed meal for animal feed. This paper descibes the nutritional quality and anti nutritive factors of jatropha seed meal, detoxification of jatropha seed meal and its utilization as feed ingredient and the problem of its utilization. Jatropha seed meal as a feed ingredient has to go through a combination process of detoxification. There is a need to find a cheap and easy detoxification technology to produce a safe and high nutritional quality of jatropha seed meal for animal.   Key words: Jatropha curcas, anti nutritive factors, detoxification, utilization, problem
Strategies for Increasing Beef Cattle Production under Dryland Farming Systems Heather Burrow
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 29, No 4 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (607.288 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v29i4.2452

Abstract

Integrated cattle and dryland farming systems in Indonesia use a range of crop residues and by products to feed cattle through intensive and extensive production systems. Intensive systems use stalls to house cattle and cut and carry feeding systems, primarily for fattening cattle. Under extensive systems, cattle are free‐grazing,and the systems apply only where greater land areas exist and they are used for breeding and fattening cattle. This paper therefore specifically focuses on the opportunities that exist to improve beef production in dryland farming systems in Indonesia. The best strategies for smallholder farmers in Indonesia to improve beef production require farmers to focus on profitability and use proven management strategies, including a) using adapted cattle breeds resistant/tolerant to environmental stressor, b) understanding the market preference; c) managing cattle breeding herds based on rainfall patterns, d) keeping good records on all aspects of breeding and fattening activities and e) adjusting stocking rates in extensive system to match the carrying capacity of the land.
Factors Affecting Spermatozoa Motility Analysis using CASA Dian Ratnawati; N Isnaini; T Susilawati
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 29, No 3 (2019): September 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (147.715 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v29i3.2012

Abstract

Motility is a very important parameter to determine the quality of semen. Spermatozoa motility assessment can be done manually (subjectively) or with CASA. The superiority of motility assessment using CASA compared to manually is more objective, accurate, fast, efficient and able to provide detailed motility of spermatozoa. However, in implementation, assessments with CASA produce varied data. So far, there has not been a spermatozoa motility standard with CASA, except by minimizing variations in the factors that influence the results of analysis with CASA. The purpose of this paper is to describe factors that affecting spermatozoa motility analysis using CASA to reach optimal motility analysis. Some influencing factors include: CASA settings, semen diluent, spermatozoa concentration, chamber, analyst, sample preparation and analysis time. Recommendation standard motility assessments using CASA include: experienced and consistent analysts, sample preparation properly (mixing, pipeting and sampling), spermatozoa concentration of 20 million / ml, consistent in chamber type (conditioned 37°C), semen diluents and CASA settings (frame rate of 60 Hz and frame per field 30) and fast implementation of analysis (
Utilization of Molecular Marker to Improve Cattle Carcass Quality in Indonesia M. Ikhsan Shiddieqy; Nurul Pratiwi; Bayu Dewantoro Putro Soewandi
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 29, No 4 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (377.141 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v29i4.2009

Abstract

Cattle is one of the commodities that have a national priority to achieve self-sufficiency in animal protein food for the Indonesian people. Beside beef sufficiency, demand on good quality meat in Indonesia is also increasing. Good quality carcass with lower fat content can give higher economic value. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the use of molecular markers to improve the quality of beef cattle carcass. Heritability value in carcass characteristic is low to moderate value, but it can be increased by selection using certain molecular markers. Several genes have been identified and correlated with carcass quality in several breed of cattle. Study in Bali cattle showed that the Calpain (CAPN1) and Calpastatin (CASTN) genes could be used as molecular markers to select Bali cattle with higher quality carcass because these genes were associated with carcass quality traits. In conclusion that Calpain (CAPN1) and Calpastatin (CASTN) genes can be used for local beef cattle selection toward better carcass quality and have opportunity to be utilized to improve carcass quality of other beef cattle breeds in Indonesia.
Biological Characteristics of West Nile Virus and Its Correlation with the Development of Antiviral Drugs and Vaccines Diana Nurjanah; N L P I Dharmayanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 29, No 3 (2019): September 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (222.292 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v29i3.1993

Abstract

West Nile virus (WNV) is a zoonotic RNA virus. Its genome encodes 3 structural and 7 non-structural proteins. Mutations can occur in both structural and non-structural proteins of the virus. Mutations can enhance the pathogenicity and virulence, but some mutations are beneficial for the development of vaccines. Licensed vaccines are only available for horses, while vaccines for humans are still under development. In Indonesia, WNV infection was detected in 2014 in West and East Java, but vaccines and antiviral drugs in both animals and humans are not yet available. This review describe the characteristic of structural and non-structural proteins of WNV and its correlation with mutations and the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs. Molecular identification and further research is needed to predict, prevent and control WNV infections in vectors, susceptible animals and humans.
Anticipation of Emerging Disease Mycoplasma bovis: Prevention and Control Faidah Rachmawati; Hastuti Handayani S Purba; Susan M Noor
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 29, No 4 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (214.304 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v29i4.2018

Abstract

Mycoplasma bovis is one of the pathogens, causes respiratory, reproductive, mastitis and arthritis disorders in cattle. Due to the economic impact of this disease, Mycoplasma bovis must be free on farms. There are no pathognomonic symptoms of Mycoplasma infection, so it needs laboratory confirmation to diagnose. Many countries have routinely examined M. bovis on cases of mastitis, arthritis, pneumonia and reproductive disorders. There was no cases of respiratory disorder in cattle related to M. bovis infection reported in Indonesia. The fact that, in many countries almost that cases related to the presence of M. bovis. The presence of M. bovis in Indonesia should be investigated, considering that Indonesia imports cattle from Australia and New Zealand that expose to M. bovis. This paper discusses the incidence of M. bovis infection in many countries including its economic impact, clinical symptoms, and method of diagnosis and control of disease to anticipate the emergence of this disease in Indonesia.

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