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INDONESIA
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25032178     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research (JBTR) is an open access, international peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on: clinical medicine, molecular medicine, tropical medicine, infectious diseases, cardiovascular medicine, molecular biology, genetics, immunology, microbiology, biochemistry, and pharmacotherapy with particular interest on the link between clinical and basic research called translational research.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 173 Documents
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Detection of Blastocystis Hominis by Method of Cultivation in The Feces of Orphanage Children in Pekanbaru, Riau Province, Indonesia Esy Maryanti; Suri Dwi Lesmana; Wira Firja; Muhammad Devlin; Mislindawati Mislindawati; Forman Erwin Siagian
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i1.16470

Abstract

Background: Blastocystis hominis is an intestinal protozoan that can infect humans and animals. The distribution coverage is very wide and is transmitted through the fecal-oral route. The incidence of blastocystosis due to Blastocystis hominis is higher in developing countries because it is associated with poor hygiene practice, inadequate sanitation, close contact with pets domesticated animals and or contaminated food. Blastocystis hominis infection can cause clinical manifestations, from asymptomatic to chronic diarrhea, depending on the Blastocystis subtype and the patient's immune system. brief background of the topic and significance of the study.Objective: The aim of this study was to detect and determine the incidence of Blastocystis hominis infection in the feces of children at the Pekanbaru Orphanage using the culture method.Methods: The sample is the feces of children from nine orphanages in Pekanbaru. Detection of Blastocystis by the modified Jone's Medium culture method but using sheep's serumResults: A total of 95 children's stool samples were examined from 9 orphanages in Pekanbaru, it was found that 63 children (66.3%) were positive for Blastocystis hominis using the culture method, positive Blastocystis hominis was found more in boys (58.7%%) than girls, and based on age group, 6-12 years were found to be the age group with the most infection (84.1%). Generally, the source of drinking water in orphanages is refilled drinking water and all orphanages have cats as pets, and a few have chickens, birds, and goats as petsConclusion: High incidence of Blastocystis hominis can be detected in the feces of Pekanbaru orphanage children using the culture method. 
The Activity of Liposome-Parijoto Formula Through p53 Expression in HepG2 Cell Line widyandani sasikirana; Ragil Setia Dianingati; Khairul Anam; eva annisaa'; evieta Rohana
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i2.17290

Abstract

Parijoto, one of Melastomaceae family, has been known to have cytotoxic activity in HepG2, a hepatocellular cancer cell line, but with low activity. However, the ethyl acetate fraction of Parijoto gave the highest antioxidant and cytotoxic activity in 4T1. Then, purification and liposome formulation need to be carried out to increase the activity of Parijoto extract.  Objective: This research aimed to study the cytotoxic activity and molecular mechanism of LEA (Liposom-Ethyl Acetate of Parijoto Fraction) in HepG2. Method: Extraction has been done by maceration, followed by partition using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. LEA formulation was carried out by thin-layer hydration with modification and the formula was sized using a bath sonicator.  Cytotoxic activity test of LEA and extract was performed in five serial concentrations (3,9 µg/mL–250 µg/mL), while the positive control doxorubicin performed in 3,9 µg/mL – 250 µg/mL by MTT assay. P53 gene expression was analyzed by using PCR-electrophoresis. Result: Results showed that LEA increased the cytotoxic activity (IC50 = 28.40 μg/ml). Furthermore, based on the electrophoresis study, LEA induced the p53 expression while the extract only did not. Conclusion: Liposome formula from ethyl acetate fraction of Parijoto extract (LEA) was able to increase cytotoxic activity and p53 gene expression was possible through the apoptotic mechanism. This shows that this formula is a promising strategy to improve the bioavailability of herbal medicines as cytotoxic agents.
BALB/c Mice as Animal Model in Dengue Infection Research: Role of Endothelial Activation I Made Susila Utama; Tuti Parwati Merati; Made Bakta; Made Jawi
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i2.17491

Abstract

Introduction. There were various challenges in using experimental animals model for dengue infection studies aside from the fact that dengue infection only naturally affects humans and does not manifest clinical signs as in humans. Various experimental animals have been used in dengue research, but the mouse model is more widely used since it is easier to obtain although sometimes they do not show clinical symptoms but may still measure the immune response. BALB/c mice are immunocompetent mice that have the potential to be used in dengue infection research. Endothelial cell activation plays a role in the pathogenesis of dengue virus infection which contributes to plasma leakage. One of the biomarkers of endothelial cell activation is soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1).Method. An analytic observational study was conducted using BALB/c mice aged 8 weeks and weighed 40 grams. Selected BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to serotype 2 dengue virus containing 2.1 x 106 pfu/ml intraperitoneally, given only once. A total of 11 mice were injected with dengue virus serotype 2 and 11 mice were not injected with dengue virus. On the second day of virus injection, non structural (NS) 1 antigen dengue examination was carried out to prove that the BALB/c mice were indeed infected with dengue virus. In BALB/c mice that were proven to be infected with dengue virus, sICAM-1 levels were examined in serum after 7 days of infection. Mice that were not injected with dengue virus also examined sICAM-1Results. All of BALB/c mice injected with dengue virus were proven to be infected, as indicated by the detection of NS1 antigen in their serum. The mean serum level of NS1 antigen was 88.35 ng/ml (mean 95.34 ng/ml and standard deviation 21.94). The level of sICAM-1 in BALB/c mice infected with dengue virus (mean = 1.34) was significantly higher than mice that were not infected (mean =  0.79), with a p-value 0.045Conclusions. BALB/c mice were proven to be infected with dengue virus by detecting ns1 dengue virus antigen in the serum. The sICAM-1 levels in the group of BALB/c mice infected with dengue serotype 2 were significantly higher than the BALB/c mice that were not infected with dengue virus.
Plasma Exchange as A Rescue Therapy in Weil’s Disease with Severe Hyperbilirubinemia, Acute Renal Failure, And Multidrug-Resistant Organism Co-Infection: A Rare Case in Critical Care Setting Debby Vania; Albert Frido Hutagalung
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i2.17625

Abstract

Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by spirochete Leptospira interrogans. Weil’s disease is a severe form of leptospirosis. In case of Weil's Disease which did not show improvement despite standard treatment with RRT and antibiotics, an additional therapeutic modality is needed as a rescue therapy in critical condition. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been reported to showed positive outcomes in patient with sepsis and leptospirosis. However, TPE has not been widely used in treating severe leptospirosis. We report a case of Weil’s disease with severe hyperbilirubinemia, acute renal failure, and multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) successfully treated with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and intermittent renal replacement therapy (RRT).Case Presentation: A 25-year-old male developed Weil’s disease with severe hyperbilirubinemia and acute renal failure. The culture results showed that he was co-infected with multidrug-resistant organism. He failed to improve and fell into a septic shock while treated in the intensive care unit with empirical antibiotics and intermittent RRT. His serum bilirubin rises to 43.34mg/dL. Furthermore, he underwent single TPE and showed rapid clinical improvement with recovery of liver and renal function.Conclusion: Plasma exchange had a vital role in reducing serum bilirubin and removal of harmful substances. TPE as a rescue therapy can be used for further intensive care support in severe leptospirosis which has not shown improvement despite standard treatment with RRT and antibiotics.
Increased Level of The Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-1 is Associated with Severity of NAFLD Didik Indiarso; Agung Prasetyo; Hirlan Hirlan; Hery Djagat Purnomo
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i2.16293

Abstract

Background: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has been the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. In NAFLD, elevated Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is associated with risk factors for thrombosis and hypercoagulable state.Objective: This study explored the relationship between NAFLD as an independent factor for increasing PAI-1 in the presence of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.Methods: This observational study used a cross-sectional design with 80 subjects including 40 patients with NAFLD and 40 without NAFLD at dr. Kariadi Semarang who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Measurement of plasma PAI-1 levels was done using ELISA method.Results: A total of 80 patients were included. In the case group, based on abdominal ultrasound, NAFLD was mostly found in the mild category (86%), while the rest were moderate (10%), and severe (4%). Only 25% were found in the Simple Steatosis category, and 75% were suspected of having NASH (NAS = 3-4) and NASH (NAS > 5). There was a significant difference between plasma PAI-1 level and the incidence of NAFLD (p = 0.011). The mean PAI-1 level between the three NAFLD severity categories also shown a significant difference (p = 0.032).Conclusion: There is an increase in PAI-1 levels in patients with NAFLD. PAI-1 levels have an independent effect on the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.
Mechanism of Immune System Dysfunction, Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress on Endometriosis Miftahuz Zakiyah; Asmarinah Asmarinah
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i2.16885

Abstract

Endometriosis is gynecology disease that still needs advance knowledge to develop best treatment for enhancing  the best quality of patient life. It is characterized by forming the endometrium tissue outside the uterus and happened approximately in 5-10% of reproductive women. Endometriosis with poor prognosis can be a high risk of endometrium cancer, ovarian cancer and results in infertility. A deep attempt to reach the knowledge of clear molecular etiology of endometriosis is needed. Here, there are three molecular mechanism dysfunction that occurs on endometriosis; (1) immune system dysfunction, (2) disturbance in apoptosis signal, (3) and oxidative stress elevation. Therefore, the determination of molecular pathogenesis of endometriosis will be useful in developing of diagnostic and therapeutic methods.
Molecular Detection Challenges of Human Plasmodium Knowlesi Infection by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Sequencing Erma Sulistyaningsih; Resy Metri Belizani; Irawan Fajar Kusuma; Sahrir Sillehu; Rosita Dewi
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i2.16728

Abstract

Background: Plasmodium knowlesi is the fifth Plasmodium sp. causing malaria in human. There are 545 P. knowlesi malaria cases were reported in Indonesia in 2010-2021, the first cases were reported from South Kalimantan and more cases were occurred in Sumatra island. The morphology of P. knowlesi is difficult to distinguish from other Plasmodium species, it is similar to P. falciparum and P. malariae. Therefore, molecular identification is still the most promising method for diagnosing P. knowlesi infection.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the molecular detection method of human P. knowlesi infection using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing techniques.Methods: DNA was isolated from malaria blood samples. P. knowlesi detection was conducted by nested PCR using primer rPLU1 and rPLU5 for nested 1 and Kn1f and Kn3r for nested 2. The PCR products were directly sequencing. The sequences were analysed using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).Results: Ten blood sample of malaria patients from Maluku province were collected after informed consent. The P. knowlesi specific PCR amplification resulted band of approximately 420 bp in all samples. Sequence analysis showed the highest similarity (89-92 %) with many global P. falciparum strains. However, BLAST analysis for part of sequences also showed high similarities with several P. knowlesi H strains 18s rRNA from Peninsular Malaysia. Primer analysis using BLAST demonstrated the specificity of kn3r-nested 2 primer, however, kn1f primer showed a cross reactive with Plasmodium sp including P. falciparum, P. knowlesi, and P. vivax.Conclusion: A new primer design with higher specificity for human P. knowlesi detection was needed to develop.
Effect Of Zinc Administration in Preventing Ethambutol-Induced Optic Neuropathy in Wistar Rats Model Riski Prihatningtias; Disti Hardiyanti; Maharani Maharani; Arief Wildan; Arnila Novitasari Saubig; Hermawan Istiadi
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i2.17973

Abstract

Background: Ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy (E-TON) is one of the most common optic neuropathies, especially in developing countries with an increasing rate of Tuberculosis (TB). Various outcomes of visual impairment that may lead to permanent visual loss makes it imperative to prescribe supplementation to prevent E-TON. Zinc supplementation is suggested as one of many to prevent E-TON given that ethambutol is a Zn chelator.Purpose: To analyze the apoptosis rate of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) in Wistar rats given ethambutol and Zinc supplementation.Methods: Experimental analysis research. True – experimental design and post-test only using Wistar rats. Subjects were divided into 2 groups, treatment grup was given Ethambutol and Zn and control group was given ethambutol without Zn for 30 days. Assessment of apoptosis rate was concluded by an anatomical pathologist with histopathological scoring using Hematoxylin Eosin staining. Differences between two grups were statistically analyzed using Mann Whitney U test, (Signifikan p <0,05).Results: From Distribution of rate apoptosis in treatment group was found 28.6% without apoptosis, 71.4% score 1 and no score > 1. There was a significantly different in apoptosis retinal ganglion cell between two grups (p= 0.015).Conclusion: The rate of retinal ganglion cell apoptosis was lower in rats treated ethambutol with Zn than without Zn.   
Potential Effects of Ipomoea reptans Poir. Extract on LDL, HDL levels and liver Histopathology Kartika Rahma; Frida Octavia Purnomo
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i2.16984

Abstract

Background: Ipomoea reptans Poir. extract has been known to have antioxidant, antihypertensive, antidiabetic and anti-obesity activities. The content of the secondary compounds antioxidant in the extract is believed to play an important role in this mechanism also often reported that have regulating cholesterol levels.Objective: This study aims to investigate the antioxidant activity of I. reptans extract on changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and liver histopathology in animal models of hypercholesterolemia that treated with I. reptans extract.Methods: This research was an in vivo experimental study using mice. Twenty five wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal group (N), hypercholesterolemic group (Chol), I. reptans extract group at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW, 300 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kgBB (IE 200; IE 300, and IE 400). In the Chol and IE groups, the rats were induced by cholesterol in the form of a mixture of quail egg yolk and animal oil for 21 days. Then, continued with therapy with I. reptans extract in the IE group only according to their respective doses for 14 days. All rats were then dissected and blood serum taken for analysis of LDL and HDL levels using a colorimetric kit, and liver organs were also taken for histopathological analysis with hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. All research data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and the Levene's homogeneity test. If the data obtained is normally distributed, it is continued with the One-way Anova comparative test and the LSD post hoc test. If the data obtained is not normally distributed, continue with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.Results: The results showed that the average LDL levels in the N, Chol, IE 200, IE 300 and IE 400 groups were 8.56 ± 1.36, 29.9 ± 1.05, 25.22 ± 4.72, 9.12 ± 0.72, and 9.22 ± 0.77 mg/dL, while the average HDL levels in the were 38.1 ± 2.24, 15.92 ± 4.39, 33.4 ± 5.91, 36.92 ± 0.47, and 42.82 ± 3.27 mg/dL respectively. Liver histopathology in the IE 300 group showed reduced fatty degeneration compared to the Chol group.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the administration of I.reptans extract in hypercholesterolemia rats was able to ameliorates LDL and HDL levels, and improve liver histopathology.
High Pre-treatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) Shows Lower Progressive-free Survival and Overall Survival in Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-treated Lung Adenocarcinoma Kusumawardhani, Erna; Haryati, Haryati; Arganita, Fidya Rahmadhany
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 3 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i3.19403

Abstract

Background: The role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as an easy and inexpensive prognostic examination modality has different results. While the combination of the two has never been done.Objective: This study investigated the association between NLR/PLR and outcomes in advanced lung adenocarcinoma Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) treatment.Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 40 medical records of lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with TKI in Ulin General Hospital from 2017-2019, with follow-up until April 1, 2021. A receiver operating curve (ROC) was performed to determine the optimal cut-off and parallel tests of NLR/PLR combination. The Kaplan-Meier was used to evaluate the impact on progressive-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).Results: The optimal cut-off was 6.25 for NLR and 451.5 for PLR with sensitivity and specificity of PFS (31.6%, 100%, and 18.4%, 100%) and OS (32.4%, 100% and 8.9%, 100%) (AUC 0.362, 0.329 and 0.482, 0.477) respectively. Patients in NLR <6.25 and PLR <451.5 groups presented longer PFS (10 months, 95% CI:7.783 -12.217, vs. 8 months, 2.908-13.092, p=0.821; 10 months, 7.508 – 12.492 vs. 9 months, 6.434-11.566, p=0.513) and OS (20 months, 14.017-25.983 vs.16 months, 11.474-20.526, p=0.378; 20 months, 14.629-25.371 vs. 14 months, 3.735-24.265, p=0.382) but not significantly correlated.Conclusion: High pre-treatment NLR and PLR showed shorter PFS and OS, although they did not appear as a prognostic marker for PFS and OS of EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma treated with TKI.

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