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AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 01260537     EISSN : 24778516     DOI : https://doi.org/10.17503
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Brawijaya Indonesia in collaboration with Indonesian Agronomy Association (PERAGI). The aims of the journal are to publish and disseminate high quality, original research papers and article review in plant science i.e. agronomy, horticulture, plant breeding, soil sciences, plant protection and other pertinent field related to plant production. AGRIVITA is published three times per year. The Journal has been indexed in SCOPUS, Scimago Journal Ranks (SJR), Emerging Source Citation Index ( ESCI-Web of Science), EBSCO, ProQuest, Google Scholar and others international indexing. AGRIVITA is accredited first grade (Sinta 1/S1) for five years (2018-2023) based on Decree No: 30/E/KPT/2018 by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (Ristek Dikti), The Republic of Indonesia. We accept submission from all over the world. All submitted articles shall never been published elsewhere, original and not under consideration for other publication.
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Articles 20 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 44, No 2 (2022)" : 20 Documents clear
Continuous Heavy Rainfall and Wind Velocity During Flowering Affect Rice Production Herdhata Agusta; Edi Santosa; Dulbari Dulbari; Dwi Guntoro; Sofyan Zaman
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 44, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v44i2.2539

Abstract

To mitigate the impact of extreme weather incidents, rice cultivars Way Seputih (WS) and Way Apo Buru (WAB) were evaluated under simulation of continuous wind and rainfall treatments. The research was conducted from July to October 2017 at Leuwikopo Experimental Farm, Bogor, Indonesia. For 15 days at day time, flowering rice hills were treated with about 100 mm/h water shower (Experiment-1), and with 0, 10-15, 20-25 and 35-40 km/h wind velocity (Experiment-2). Results showed that wind and rainfall treatments reduced rice production; the effect depended on the genotypes and flowering stage. Rain treatment from panicle emergence to 50%-emerged increased the number of unfilled grains by 154.6-182.3% and 55.7-101.9% in WS and WAB cultivars, respectively. Rain treatment at 100%-emerged had no effect on WS, but it increased unfilled grain (163.5%) and decreased grain index (12.9%) in the WAB cultivar. Wind speed at 35-40 km/h promoted a high percentage of grain drop (25.7%) and unfilled grains (77.3%), and low grain index (20.8 g) in WS genotype. WAB was more tolerant of wind stress than the WS. The present experiment showed that genotype had different responses to wind and rain treatments implying different mitigation strategies should be applied through genotype selection.
Subsidence and Percentage of CO2 Emission from Decomposition to Subsidence of Peatland on Oil Palm Plantations Affan Chahyahusna; Dwi Putro Tejo Baskoro; Syaiful Anwar
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 44, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v44i2.3038

Abstract

Peatlands drainage system aimed to eliminate the limiting factors to support better growth of plants. Drainage practices will cause subsidence and be associated with CO2 emission. The purpose of this study was to observe the subsidence rate on tropical peatlands of oil palm plantations at different ages and to establish the percentage of decomposition of peat materials from the subsidence rate. Subsidence was measured in 9-, 12-, and 17-year-old of adjacent oil palm planting blocks with peat thickness of about 5 m and have been drained for 10–18 years, two samples taken for each block every three month. Peat decomposition was measured in the 12-year-old block automatically using LiCor Li-8100A with 30 minutes recording interval. Peat decomposition (heterotrophic respiration) considered as actual CO2 emission was compared to emission calculated from subsidence and considered as potential CO2 emission. The average subsidence rate observed for one year in the three age classes of oil palm plantations was 2.47 ± 0.76 cm/year. The percentage of CO2 emissions from the decomposition process to subsidence on drained 12-year-old oil palm on tropical peatlands was 41.05%. The subsidence data indicates that consolidation still the main process of subsidence in this peatland.
Modeling Nitrogen Uptake in Eight Common Leafy Vegetables in Red River Delta, Vietnam Lan Huong Nguyen Thi; Lim Duong Thi; Oudomphone Insixiengmai; Toan Nguyen-Sy
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 44, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v44i2.3009

Abstract

Fertilizer originated nitrate excess in vegetables has attracted numerous studies for its effects on food quality. However, the relationship between plant nitrate accumulation and fertilizer-derived nitrogen (FTN) in the soil in continuous research is rarely reported. This study examines the impact of conventional ammonium fertilizer application (50.4 kg/ha) on the constant trend of soil nitrogen and plant nitrate uptake of 8 common leafy vegetables grown in Red Delta River, Vietnam. The vegetables reveal both FTN and plant nitrate took about 17 days to release from topsoil and plant. The trend of FTN is well fitted by a regression model (Decay model, R2=0.945, p<0.001), which shows the nitrogen loss rate of FTN range from 0.120-0.139 g N/day. Meanwhile, the trend of plant nitrate uptake fitted the quadratic equation (R2=0.889, p<0.01). Although the correlation between FTN and plant nitrate is weak, this study finds that autumn crops have a tighter relationship than summer crops (R=0.71 and R=0.46, respectively). It can be concluded that regression models could be suitable methods to observe the behavior of fertilizer nitrogen in soil and vegetable uptake.
Production of Feed Crops for Local Dairy Goats Using an Integrated Farming System Tri Eko Susilorini; Kuswati Kuswati; Rini Dwi Wahyuni; Puguh Surjowardojo; Suyadi Suyadi
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 44, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v44i2.3803

Abstract

This investigation aimed to identify the production and composition of crops as feed, classify the types of integrated farming in different locations, and compare dairy goats based on their morphometric characteristics. The data used were collected from July to November, 2021 in the Malang, Lumajang, and Bangkalan regencies of Indonesia, via a survey and direct observations. Descriptive, multivariate, and variance analyses were adopted using RStudio to analyze the collected data. In Malang and Lumajang, farmers adopted agroforestry, alley cropping, and cover crops as the main types of integrated farming. The integrated farming adopted by the farmers in Malang, Bangkalan, and Lumajang helped to explain the differences in forage crops. Calliandra calothyrsus, Indigofera zollingeriana, and Thitonia diversifolia are non-grasses having high levels of average production. In Lumajang, farmers provided only a few combinations with Calliandra which was the most intensively grown crop. In Malang, six crops were combined for the dairy goat feed. Pennisetum purpureum was the crop most intensely grown to feed the PE (Etawa crossbred). In Bangkalan, Pote-Arosbaya goats were fed a combination of eight crops. Moringa oleifera, Bambusa sp., Artocarpus heterophyllus, and natural grasses were the most popular feed crops. In Malang and Lumajang, the PE Singosari and Senduro goats had a high degree of similarity based on their morphometric characteristics, respectively.
Evaluation of Effervescent Tablet Formulation of Trichoderma harzianum Raw Secondary Metabolites Toward Fusarium Wilt on Pepper Loekas Soesanto; Dede Herdiyana Ikbal; Endang Mugiastuti; Murti Wisnu Ragil Sastyawan; Tamad Tamad
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 44, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v44i2.3699

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici, which causes chili-fusarium wilt disease, may be regulated by a secondary metabolite of Trichoderma harzainum. Effervescent tablets are used because liquid formulations have some drawbacks. The purpose of this study is to qualitatively determine T. harzianum’s best crude secondary metabolites, growth and yield, and phenolic compound content in chili crops in foamed tablet formulations against F. oxysporum in vitro. The in vitro study used 6 replicates, a completely randomized design, and 4 treatments consisted of controls and 4, 6, and 8 tablets. Under in vivo conditions, the experiment used a randomized block designs with 4 replicates, eight treatments consisting of controls, fungicides (benomyl), and four, six, or eight tablets per day before or after inoculation. The variables observed were antagonist testing, incubation time, disease intensity, disease incidence, AUDPC, germination rate, plant height, root fresh weight, and qualitative phenolic composition. The results of the study showed that the best dose of T. harzianum’s crude secondary metabolite in vitro was 4 tablets. Medications in in-plant studies delayed the incubation period by 64.11%, suppressed disease outbreaks by 58.34%, reduced disease intensity by 80.45%, increased plant height by 50.4%, and harvested phenols (saponins, tannins, hydroquinone). The content of the compound has been qualitatively increased.
Screening of Plant Growth-Promoting Halotolerant Bacteria Isolated from Weeds Rhizosphere Grown in Saline Soil Luqman Qurata Aini; Nurul Aini; Wiwin Sumiya Dwi Yamika; Adi Setiawan
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 44, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v44i2.3756

Abstract

This study aimed to screen and characterize halotolerant bacterial isolates, which could enhance plant growth performance in saline soil. Halotolerant bacteria was isolated from weeds rhizosphere grown in saline soil of coastal agricultural land located at Brondong District, Lamongan Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. This research was conducted from June to September 2018. Seven bacterial isolates can grow in a Nutrient Agar medium containing 10% of NaCl, suggesting that these bacteria were halotolerant. Furthermore, all bacterial isolates were shown to produce indol acetic acid (IAA) and do not induce a hypersensitive response when infiltrated into tobacco leaves. These results explain that these bacteria had potency as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and were not tend to be the plant pathogen. The growth of seedlings when inoculated in cucumber seed grown in saline media were higher than those in control. This result suggests that the halotolerant bacteria can enhance the development of cucumber seedlings in saline stress conditions. Three potential halotolerant bacteria i.e., SN22, SN23, SN26 were selected and molecularly identified as Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus sp., and B. megaterium, respectively.
Potency and Diversity of Fungi on Pine Litter and Rhizosphere in Different Land-use of Universitas Brawijaya (UB) Forest Rina Rachmawati; Akhmad Rizali; Abdul Latief Abadi; Luqman Qurata Aini; Hagus Tarno; Muhammad Febriansyah; Theresia Rani Kartika Ayu
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 44, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v44i2.3689

Abstract

The agroforestry system with its diversity of vegetation has the potential on the existence of antagonistic and entomopathogen fungi. This study was conducted to evaluate the diversity of antagonistic fungi and entomopathogen fungi in the rhizosphere and pine leaf litters on pine monoculture and intercropping pine - coffee. The research was started from plot determination, sampling, fungal identification, antagonist test and pathogenicity test. The results of isolation of fungi from pine leaf litter on monoculture pine and intercropping pine-coffee fields obtained 17 genus of fungi. In monoculture pine, there 9 genus of fungi were found, while other 4 were still unidentified. In pine-coffee intercropping land 13 genus were observed. Based on the potential and bility tests, Acremonium sp. 3 and Penicillium sp. 2 has the highest inhibiton capacity, while isolate Paecilomyces sp. 1 and Paecilomyces sp. 2 had the best level of pathogenicity and mortality. Temperature and humidity did not affect the diversity of fungi. The diversity of entompathogenic and antagonistic fungi was higher in the pine-coffee intercropping land use. The litter plots had higher fungal diversity than the rhizosphere.
Purification and Identification of an Antifungal Protein from an Isolated Fungus with Antagonism to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides MC9 Yohana Avelia Sandy; Yo-Chia Chen; Liliek Sulistyowati
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 44, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v44i2.2966

Abstract

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is the cause of anthracnose disease on mango. This disease becomes more damaging because it economically affects the harvested fruit during the postharvest season. In this research, eight isolates are isolated from the soil of a mango plantation. One of the isolates shows antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides MC9. This isolate is identified as Penicillium citrinum isolate S1 based on the phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal rRNA sequence. From the culture of this isolate, extracellular filtrates are collected and evaluated for their antifungal activity. The mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides is significantly inhibited by the culture supernatant of P. citrinum isolate S1. The culture filtrate is used to purify the antifungal protein using ammonium sulfate and ultrafiltration methods. Results show that the antifungal protein was estimated at around 40 kDa molecular weight when separated on a 10% Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel. After nine days of incubation, this antifungal protein’s inhibition effect with a concentration of 0.94 mg/ml remained 63.6% against C. gloeosporioides. The LCMS result showed that the antifungal protein belongs to the L-asparaginase superfamily. Based on this result, the antifungal protein produced by P. citrinum S1 has the potential to control mango anthracnose disease caused by C. gloeosporioides.
An In-Depth Study of Multiple Cropping Farming Systems: The Impact on Cocoa Farmers’ Income Akhsan Akhsan; Muhammad Arsyad; Achmad Amiruddin; Muslim Salam; Nurlaela Nurlaela; Muhammad Ridwan
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 44, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v44i2.3761

Abstract

Multiple cropping farming systems affect farmers' income and have become a serious determinant in agricultural development. The diversity of information received by the farmers including multiple cropping can provide new knowledge, which will in turn influence productivity and income. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the benefits of multiple cropping and its economic impact on cocoa farmers' income. It was conducted using the Ordinary Least Square Method to estimate parameters and RC Ratio for income comparison from the farming systems. The results showed that the choice of farmers in cropping patterns and types of crops is aimed at avoiding crop failure. The advantage of multiple cropping is that the use of soil nutrients is more effective because plants grow together on the same land. It also provides a higher income compared to monocropping and tends to reduce operational costs. Among the five factors evaluated, only three influenced farmers' income through extension activities. They are information on credit amount obtained, level of heterogeneity, and agricultural production. These factors are important aspects of communication activities that can increase knowledge in a heterogeneous environment of multiple cropping systems, which will, in turn, improve farmers' income.
Description and Pathogenicity of Colletotrichum Species Causing Chili Anthracnose in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Rosa Chryse Sutomo; Siti Subandiyah; Arif Wibowo; Ani Widiastuti
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 44, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v44i2.3705

Abstract

Chili anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. is a significant disease of chili cultivation in Indonesia. The current taxonomic status of Colletotrichum spp. has been rearranged due to a well-developed molecular study. Several species of Colletotrichum were re-identified after being analyzed by a polyphasic approach. The polyphasic method in this research combines morpho-cultural and molecular identification using ITS-rDNA and GADPH region. The pathogenicity test would be more reliable in identifying the species complexes of Colletotrichum that are difficult to differentiate. This study applies a polyphasic approach to identify Colletotrichum species causing chili anthracnose, especially in fruits collected from chili fields in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and observe its pathogenicity in wounded and unwounded inoculation. The results of those combination methods showed that isolates collected from chili fields in Yogyakarta were C. scovillei. The pathogenicity test revealed that the fungus caused anthracnose disease in wounded and unwounded OR Twist 42 chili fruits. The unwounded infection was confirmed by amplification of the ChEC3 pathogenicity gene 24 h after inoculation, showing that appressoria production may possess an essential role in the unwounded inoculation. This study revealed that C. scovillei does not always need a wound for its pathogenicity

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