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INDONESIA
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian
Published by DITJEN DIKTI KEMDIKBUD RI
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
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Articles 105 Documents
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EKSTRAK PURWACENG (PIMPINELLA ALPINNA) SEBAGAI AGEN KEMOPREVENTIF DAN KEMOTERAPI KANKER PARU (KAJIAN ANTIPROLIFERATIF SERTA UJI APOPTOSIS MELALUI JALUR P53,BCL-2,RB DAN CASPASE- 9) Ihsan, Fariz; Setyawan, Indra; Satrio, Suniawan; Jayanti, Ayunda Dewi; Tito, Shahylananda; Herningtyas, Elizabeth Henny
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian PKM-P 2013
Publisher : Ditlitabmas, Ditjen DIKTI, Kemdikbud RI

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Abstract

Kanker paru merupakan kanker urutan ke-3 terbanyak dan penyebab kematian utama pada pria yang kemoterapinya memberikan banyak efek samping sehingga perlu dicari kemoterapi alternatif. Kumarin psoraldin diketahui memiliki efek kemotoksik pada sel kanker  dan terkandung di dalam purwaceng (Pimpinella alpinna) namun efek ekstrak air Pimpinella alpinna sebagai agen antiproliferatif, sitotoksik, penginduksi apoptosis, dan jalur mekanismenya pada sel kanker belum diteliti secara ilmiah. Penelitian eksperimental murni dengan kultur sel kanker paru A549 ini menggunakan rentang dosis ekstrak purwaceng 1-10.000 μg/mLdan rentang dosis kontrol positif cisplatin 1-10 μg/mL yang direplikasi 6 kali serta dengan rentang waktu inkubasi 24-72 jam.  Pada uji sitotoksik dengan inkubasi 24 jam yang dideteksi dengan pewarnaan MTT didapatkan IC50sebesar 3.862 μg/mL, sedangkan uji antiproliferasi dengan dosis 550 dan 275 μg/mL mampu menghambat kecepatan pertumbuhan sel 24 jam pertama dan kedua terhadap kontrol. Uji ANOVA satu jalan menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna rerata kadar ekstrak purwaceng terhadap variasi waktu (p<0.05). Uji apoptosis yang dideteksi menggunakan fluoresensi etidium bromide-acridine orange mendapatkan nilai EC50sebesar 5.271 μg/mL yang ditandai dengan penurunan ekspresi Rb dan bcl-2 serta peningkatan p53 dan caspase-9. Statistik Chi-Square menunjukkan proporsi efek IC50 pada ekspresi gen berbeda  secara bermakna(p<0.05) terhadap kontrol. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pimpinella alpinna mempunyai efek antiproliferasi dan sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker paru A549 dan menginduksi apoptosis melalui perubahan jalur apoptosis berupa penurunan ekspresi Rb dan bcl-2 serta peningkatan p53 dan caspase-9. Kata kunci:  Pimpinella alpinna, kanker paru, antiproliferasi, sitotoksik, apoptosis.
IDENTIFIKASI MUTASI GEN rpoB PADA ISOLAT Mycobacterium tuberculosis MULTIDRUG RESISTANT DENGAN METODE NESTED POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION Wijaya, Made Dharmesti; Rusyanthini, Eka Putri; Pradnyaniti, Desak Gede; Komalasari, Komang Trisna; Sunarti, Luh Putu Suci Sri
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian PKM-P 2013
Publisher : Ditlitabmas, Ditjen DIKTI, Kemdikbud RI

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Abstract

      The rpoB gene has been known to be a surrogate marker for detection of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Mutations of rpoB gene were associated with rifampicin (RMP) resistance occur in 81 bp region called Rifampin Resistance-Determining Region (RRDR). This study was aimed to determine the types of mutations and amino acid differences in isolates of M.tuberculosis MDR compared to M.tuberculosis H37Rv. Amplification of rpoB gene fragments was carried out using nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (nested PCR). Analysis of mutation using MEGA4 showed two amino acid changes namely, E418D and H526L. The type of mutations determined in isolate was missense mutations. Keywords: MDR-TB, mutation, nested PCR, rpoB
KONVERSI LUMPUR AKTIF MENJADI BIODIESEL DENGAN PROSES SUBKRITIS TANPA KATALIS SECARA INSITU Gunawan, Farrel; Gunawan, Iwan; Palinggi, Sarah Yarden; Ayucitra, Aning; Ismadji, Suryadi
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian PKM-P 2013
Publisher : Ditlitabmas, Ditjen DIKTI, Kemdikbud RI

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Abstract

Nowadays, biodiesel has been produced commercially for partial supporting energy demmand in Indonesia. However, high price feedstock and need of catalyst appear as the problem. In this research, activated sludge which is available as large scale waste and comprises significant ammount of lipid fraction (direct adsorption of industrial waste water and microbial lipid), was converted into biodiesel using subcritical process (without catalyst). The potential of the feedstock and process in producing biodiesel were studied. The optimum condition of the production is 215oC, 65 bar, and 5:1 of methanol to lipid mass ratio and the biodiesel meets the SNI-04-7182-2006 spesification. Keywords: biodiesel, green process, activated sludge
BIOBLEACHING PELEPAH SAWIT SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN NITROSELULOSA MENGGUNAKAN ENZIM XYLANASE Putri, Medonna Febrina; Sari, Dita Permata; Caesari, Adisty; Miranda, Gilda
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian PKM-P 2013
Publisher : Ditlitabmas, Ditjen DIKTI, Kemdikbud RI

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Abstract

Palm midrib is a waste which produced from palm plantations and contained of 35% cellulose-α. Cellulose-α can be used as raw material for nitrocellulose if the purity is more than 92%. To improve the purity of cellulose-α, palm midrib have to go through some process of purification. Most of purification agent of cellulose-α is chemicals using, which it will give a bad impact to environment. Xylanase is a group of enzymes that have the ability to hydrolyze hemicellulose and damage xilose bonds as a constituent of xylan in the hemicellulose. The purpose of this research is to utilize an agent xylanase enzyme purification of cellulose-α and produce nitrocellulose from palm midrib. Before purification, palm midrib is extracted to eliminate the extractive substances then hydrolyzed with extract the extract solution ash of palm empty fruit bunches. The condition of purification process is 50 oC,60 oC and 70oC temperature variations, volume 1,2 and 3 ml enzyme, pH at 4,5 and 6 as well as the time for 60,90 and 120 minutes. From this research, the highest purity cellulose-α obtained at pH 6, temperature of 60oC, the enzyme 3 ml volume and time for 90 which reached 97.55%.Keywords: Cellulose Alpha, Nitrocellulose, Palm Midrib, Xylanase Enzyme
PENETRALAN ZAT ASAP PEMBAKARAN SAMPAH BERBASIS NANO PULSED PLASMA “PETIR BUATAN” Rachmat, Rifyal; Wicaksono, Wahyudi; Maulana, Helmi; Efandi, Rahman; Jabbar, Abdil
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian PKM-P 2013
Publisher : Ditlitabmas, Ditjen DIKTI, Kemdikbud RI

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Abstract

Polusi udara merupakan topik utama pada era modern saat ini, oleh karena itu tujuan dari projek penelitian ini adalah untuk meminimalisir dampak berbahaya yang ditimbulkan dari asap hasil pembakaran sampah, terutama zat hasil pembakaran sampah yang bernama Dioxin dan Furans serta debu-debu berbahaya, apabila terhirup oleh manusia maka akan berpotensi menimbulkan kanker , oleh karena itu diperlukan alat yang dapat memecah /mendekomposisi partikel-partikel berbahaya tersebut menjadi partikel yang lebih kecil dan tidak berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Alat yang digunakan bertujuan untuk menciptakan plasma dengan menghasilkan muatan corona dari sumber tengangan tinggi DC dan AC, corona yang dihasilkan memiliki kepadatan yang rendah (low density plasma). Akan dilakukan pengujian terhadap sampel zat berbahaya hasil pembakaran sampah ke dalam sistem plasma.  Setelah terjadi ionisasi dikarenakan partikel tersebut melewati plasma, maka akan diteliti berapa tegangan tinggi dan arus yang dibutuhkan agar cukup mendekomposisi / memecah partikel berbahaya tersebut dengan cukup efektif. Kata kunci : Plasma, corona, Dioxin, Pembakaran, Sampah
PROTOTYPE TEKNOLOGI SILUMAN (STEALTH) MATERIAL ORGANIK PENYERAP GELOMBANG RADAR DARI KOMPOSIT POLIMER CHITOSAN-HIDROKSIAPATIT UNTUK APLIKASI PERALATAN MILITER WILAYAH PERBATASAN Fadhallah, Esa Ghanim; Firmanda, Elka; Hapsari, Nur Aziezah; Atmojo, Santoso Darmo; Irianto, Bayu
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian PKM-P 2013
Publisher : Ditlitabmas, Ditjen DIKTI, Kemdikbud RI

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Abstract

Border regions in Indonesia are still often hit problems with other countries, and in other words it indicates weak military defense systems in the border area. Therefore, Indonesia needs to deploy some special forces on the frontier that uses advanced technology, one of them is the stealth technology. Radar absorbing material plays an important role in this technology. Chitosan and hydroxyapatite believed to resemble a good combination of new organic materials that can be developed as a radar absorbing material. The purpose of this study is to develop a prototype of organic radar absorbing material from chitosan-hydroxyapatite polymer composite. Quality characteristics of the material being analyzed are solution viscosity analysis, FTIR, SEM, material thickness, tensile strength. Ability of material to absorb radar waves was analyzed with reflection loss measurement. The prototype resembles a thin, transparent plastic sheet with a yellowish brown color. Values of thickness ranged from 0.14 to 0.17 mm. This material has a tensile strength values ranged from 1.41 ± 2.82 to 159.33 ± 106.33 kPa. SEM analysis showed a porous and homogeneous structure marked by good interaction between chitosan, PVA, and hydroxyapatite. Value of radar absorption by prototype shown with increasing the value of reflection loss. The optimum values obtained in the film with a mixture of chitosan prototype 2%, 5% PVA, and 0.04 gram hydroxyapatite with an average value of reflection loss -32.0907 ± 4.0763 dB.Keywords : chitosan, hydroxyapatite, polyvinyl alcohol, radar absorbing material, reflection loss
KARAKTERISASI MEKANIK BIOKOMPOSIT KLOBOT JAGUNG SEBAGAI BAHAN DASAR PLASTIK BIODEGRADABLE Dirgantara, Made; Saputra, Miko; Khalid, Muhammad; Wahyuni, Eni Septi; Kurniati, Mersi
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian PKM-P 2013
Publisher : Ditlitabmas, Ditjen DIKTI, Kemdikbud RI

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Abstract

The corn production in Indonesia, based on the data from Badan Pusat Statistik in 2012, amounted to 19.73 million tons, the cornhusk from the corn crop is about 38.38%. The utilization of cornhusk itself has not been maximized yet, so the research to maximize the utilization of cornhusk is required. The research has been made biocomposites cornhusk and Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) with hot press method. Biocomposites made with the variation of cornhusk:LLDPE are 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, and it is characterized of the mechanical characteristics (tensile and tear) with Universal Testing Machine (UTM), biodegradation in a qualitative manner. Mechanical analysis showed the mechanical characteristics decrease with the addition of cornhusk concentration on biocomposites, and concentration 30:70 has the highest mechanical characteristics with tensile strength 24.77 MPa, elongation 19.10% and tear strength 53.94 N/mm. The result is contrast with the biodegradable analysis in which the bigger concentration cornhusk then the level of biodegradability is higher.Keywords: biocomposites, biodegradable,  cornhusk, mechanical characteristic
KARAKTERISASI DAN UJI BIOAKTIVITAS SENYAWA KIMIA ANTI TUBERCULOSIS (TBC) PADA SPONS PETROSIA ALFIANI DARI PERAIRAN SELAT MAKASSAR Rahman, Abd.; Aminah, Ibtisamatul; Muhakim, Ali
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian PKM-P 2013
Publisher : Ditlitabmas, Ditjen DIKTI, Kemdikbud RI

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Abstract

This study is intended to take advantage of the chemical compounds contained in sponge species Petrosia alfiani as anti tuberculosis (TB). This study through the stages isolation, extraction, identification and bioactivity testing of chemical compounds Petrosia alfiani sponge. In this study produce chloroform extract as much as 20 g of solid resulting from 20 Kg wet sponge and also produce 4 pieces of pure compounds are not yet known its name.Keyword: Petrosia alfiani sponge, isolation, identication, bioactivity testing, chemical compounds.
ANTI TUBERKULOSIS DARI LAUT: POTENSI JAMUR SEBAGAI ANTI MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS DARI ALGA COKLAT DAN KARANG LUNAK Karina, Tria; Primastia, Nidia; Rahmatika, Nur; Rizki, Mentari; Purwati, Nani
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian PKM-P 2013
Publisher : Ditlitabmas, Ditjen DIKTI, Kemdikbud RI

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak jamur yang diisolasi dari alga coklat (Padina sp.) dan karang lunak (Sinularia sp.) sebagai anti Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Kasus resistensi M. tuberculosis yang kian meningkat setiap tahun menjadi alasan perlunya pencarian antibiotik baru berbahan dasar dari alam. Jamur diisolasi, fermentasi selama 16 hari dan diekstraksi menggunakan dua jenis pelarut, n-heksana dan etil asetat. Ekstrak jamur dibuat dalam tiga konsentrasi, yaitu 1,25%; 2,5%; dan 5%, kemudian diujikan pada M.tuberculosis. Ekstrak jamur terbaik berasal dari Sinularia sp. Empat isolat (Penicillium sp., Curvularia sp., Aspergillus sp., dan Cladosporium sp.) menunjukkan konsentrasi hambat terendah, yaitu sebesar 1,25% dan ditandai dengan tidak adanya pertumbuhan bakteri selama empat minggu inkubasi. Persentase resistensi keempat isolat menunjukkan angka kurang dari 1% yang artinya bakteri sensitif terhadap ekstrak jamur. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa jamur dari Sinularia sp. lebih baik dibandingkan denngan jamur dari Padina sp. dalam menghambat M.tuberculosis.Kata kunci: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Jamur, Padina sp., Sinularia sp., Laut
TREN FENOMENA ‘PisiDi’ (Pikun Usia Dini) SEBAGAI DUGAAN AWAL GEJALA DEMENSIA DI KOTA MALANG Tantomi, Achmad Iwan; Baabdullah, Abdurrachman Omar; Sagita, Andri
Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa - Penelitian PKM-P 2013
Publisher : Ditlitabmas, Ditjen DIKTI, Kemdikbud RI

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Abstract

The incidence and prevalence of dementia in Indonesia hasn’t been precisely determined yet, especially in Malang city. The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of ‘PisiDi’ phenomenon as the early symtoms of dementia with Clock Drawing Test. The study design was Observational Analitical with cross-sectional method. The ‘PisiDi’ phenomenon could be indicated as the early symptom of dementia. The prevalence of respondents with early symptom of dementia was (12%) for group I and II, III (23%), IV (26%), and V (27%) in Malang City. The highest rate were obtained at Lowokwaru district (28%) equals with 34 people. Keywords: Early Age Senility, Early Symptoms of Dementia

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