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Folia Medica Indonesiana

FMI
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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 23558393 EISSN : 2599056X DOI : -

Core Subject : Education,

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Folia Medica Indonesiana publishes articles in the field of medical science in particular and health sciences in general, as well as a variety of other fields related to those two disciplines. Most of the articles are research article, and others are articles on case reports and literature review. In their presentation in the journal, the articles have passed meticulous editing process by the editors and review process and by competent peer reviewers, with national and international reputation, making the articles presented in this journal qualified, updated, and informative.

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Articles 547 Documents

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BIOFILM BACTERIA PLAYS A ROLE IN CSOM PATHOGENESIS AND HAS SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION WITH UNSAFE TYPE CSOM Artono, Artono; Purnami, Nyilo; Rahmawati, Rosydiah
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 4 (2015): Oktober - December 2015
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) may cause severe morbidity and mortality and remains a major health problem worldwide. The incidence of CSOM in Indonesia (1994-1996) is estimated at about 8.36 million people and CSOM general prevalence is 3.8% (Helmi 2005). This study aims to prove the existence of bacterial biofilm in patients with safe type and hazard type CSOM from mastoidectomy. The design was observational analytic with cross sectional approach. This study was conducted at the Teratai Wards, IBP Dr. Soetomo Hospital, and Electron Microscopy Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University Surabaya, from November 2013 to June 2014. Samples of pathological tissues were taken by consecutive sampling and bacterial biofilms examination was done by SEM. SEM results categorized the biofilm bacteria as positive or negative. Biofilm bacteria tested positive when it shows three-dimensional representation of bacteria with clear shapes and sizes and clusters, the formation of amorphous material consisting of glycocalyx material surrounding the bacteria, and surface attachment. Biofilm bacteria was regarded as negative when there is no bacterial cluster, glycocalyx and surface attachment. This study was performed on 33 CSOM patients. Samples were divided into unsafe type CSOM (17 patients) and safe type CSOM (16 patients). Positive biofilm bacteria was found in 12 patients with unsafe type (75%) and 6 patients with safe type (35.35%). Negative biofilm bacteria was found in 4 patients with the unsafe type (25%) and 11 patients with safe type (67.9%). Logistic regression analysis revealed p value = 0.027, indicating the biofilm bacteria have a significant correlation with unsafe type CSOM (p <0.05). In conclusion, biofilm bacteria plays a role in CSOM pathogenesis of biofilm bacteria has significant correlation with unsafe type CSOM.

NUTRITIONAL STATUS AFFECTS INCIDENCE OF PNEUMONIA IN UNDERFIVES Wicaksono, Henry
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 4 (2015): Oktober - December 2015
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Pneumonia is an acute infection disease which remains the main killer of children under 5 years old worldwide. Based on Unicef's report, 17% of all children death is caused by pneumonia. Indonesia was in 10th position of the highest incidence of pneumonia and diarrhea which caused the death of children under 5 years old in 2013. In Gane Luar Public Health Center, there were at least 3 patients with pneumonia every month during 2014. The risk factors are less exclusive breastfeeding, malnutrition, low birth weight, less coverage of measles vaccine, indoor air pollution, and the high level of occupation density. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding, nutrition status, the type of house flooring, and pneumonia incidence in children under 5 in working area of Gane Luar Public Health Center, South Halmahera. A case control study was conducted to each 25 samples of case and control which were collected by simple random sampling technique during July-December 2014. Data were collected through a questionnaire using interview method, observation, and physical examination, and then it's analyzed by Regression Logistic, Chi Square, and Odds ratio to check for strength of association between variables at 95% confidence level. The results indicated that nutrition status was significantly related to Pneumonia incidence (p = 0.019 ; OR 3.795), however exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.29) and type of house flooring (p = 0.086) weren't. In conclusion, the nutrition status was significantly related to the incidence of Pneumonia in working area of Gane Luar Public Health Center.

AMPICILLIN SULBACTAM RESISTANCE PATTERN AS A FIRST-LINE DRUG IN CHILDREN Putrawan, Oka; Sri Rejeki, IGAA Putri
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 3 (2015): July - September 2015
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Infection often occurs in children with malignant hematology and causes morbidity and mortality. Antibiotics should be given based on the results of culture and antibiotic susceptibility test. Ampicillin Sulbactam is a first-line drug in children with infection. The purpose of this study was to obtain an objective overview of Ampicillin Sulbactam resistance patterns of culture in patients hospitalized in pediatric Hemato-Oncology Ward, Dr Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. This was a descriptive study. Data on culture and susceptibility test result to Ampicillin Sulbactam were taken from medical records of those patients between September 2012 - February 2013. There were 342 culture examinations in 88 patients (44 girls and 44 boys). Most of the children aged <5 years (58%). Growth of bacterial cultures was obtained in 83 namely Escherichia coli, Burkholderia cepacia, and Klebsiella oxytoca (Gram-negative) and coagulation negative Staphylococcus (CONS), Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (Gram-positive) were found in blood culture. Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and B.cepacia (Gram-negatif) were found in urine. The result of antibiotic susceptibility test culture showed resistance to Ampicillin Sulbactam in E. coli (69%), Burkholderia cepacia (85%), CONS (50%), Staphylococcus aureus (25%), K. pneumoniae (85%), Klebsiella oxytoca (50%), and P. aeroginosa (67%). There was ampicillin sulbactam resistance in children hospitalized in pediatric Hemato-Oncology Ward, Dr Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya against E. coli (69%), Burkholderia cepacia (85%), CONS (50%), Staphylococcus aureus (25%), K.pneumoniae (85%), and Klebsiella oxytoca (50%), P. aeroginosa (67%).

PCI IN PATIENT WITH HEAVY CALCIFIED LESION. MANAGEMENT AND BALLOON RUPTURE COMPLICATION Oktaviono, Yudi Her
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 4 (2015): Oktober - December 2015
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Balloon angioplasty in calcified coronary lesions may have a decreased success rate and an increased incidence of complications. This lesion remain a technical challenge in interventional cardiology despite novel approaches and devices. We describe a case with heavy calcified coronary lesion in LAD that was not only resistant to high-pressure inflation of conventional, non-compliant balloons and cutting balloon but the inflations also results in balloon rupture. Even, the first balloon became fracture and entrapment in LAD. The fractured balloon could be removed using second baloon inflation in LCX. The angioplasty balloon was successfully performed after rotational atherectomy by rotablator and succesfully continued by implantation stent DES.

DLBS1033 REDUCES BLOOD PRESSURE OF HYPERTENSIVE WISTAR-STRAIN RATS Suryono, Suryono
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 3 (2015): July - September 2015
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of DLBS1033 on blood pressure reduction in hypertension--induced wistar strain rats. Design used in this study was true experimental design. The study was conducted at Biomedical Laboratory, Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Jember University, and Clinical and Community Pharmacy Laboratory, Pharmacy Faculty, Jember University. Subjects were taken from male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months, weighing 150-200 grams, as many as 22 rats. Intervention samples were induced into hypertension by giving prednisone in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg/day orally and 2% NaCl followed DLBS1033 of 0.5 grams/kgbw/day orally in the treatment group. T test results on systolic blood pressure (p = 0.00), which was <0.05, showing significant differences in systolic blood pressure in treatment groups. It can be concluded that DLBS1033 can lower systolic blood pressure in wistar rats with induced hypertension using prednisone 1.5 mg/kgbw/day and NaCl 2%.

EFFECT OF HYDROXYETHYL STARCH 200/0.5 ON VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR SERUM LEVEL AND ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME (APTT) Atmaja, Sarah Puspita; Khotib, Junaidi; Rahardjo, Eddy; Shinta, Dewi Wara; Rahmadi, Mahardian; Suprapti, Budi
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 51 No. 4 (2015): Oktober - December 2015
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is a colloid administered frequently for intravascular volume expansion during perioperative period. Impairment of haemostasis have been reported during HES administration, but the volume of solution administered was usually higher than 20 ml.kg-1. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 dose less than 20 ml.kg-1 on von Willebrand factor serum level and activated partial thromboplastin time. A prospective, observational study was conducted to evaluate von Willebrand factor and activated partial thromboplastin time of patients receiving Hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5. Inclusion criteria were patients undergoing elective surgery who were going to receive Hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 intraoperatively. Fourty six patients were divided into patients receiving crystalloid only group (n=23 patients) and hydroxyethyl starch (n=23 patients). Coagulation variables were assesed 30 minute after insicion and 60 minute after infusion of crystalloid or colloid. Measurement of von Willebrand within each group after crystalloid or HES 200 infusion showed significant decrease, from (mean±SE) 97.688±15.219 ng/ml to 31.611±10.058 ng/ml (p< 0.001) in crystalloid group and 92.884±15.208 ng/ml to 27.378±6.399 ng/ml (p<0.001) in HES 200 group. Activated partial thromboplastin time change was statistically significant (mean±SE) 31.27±1.39 to 35.61±1.62 in HES group only (p=0.007), but this change was not clinically significant. In conclusion, there was neither significant difference in von Willebrand serum level nor in activated partial thromboplastin time between the two groups. There was no coagulation influence with clinically significant effect in the use of HES 20 ml/kg BW in patients undergoing elective surgery.

EFFECT OF PLATELET RICH PLASMA (PRP) TO AUTOGENOUS BONE GRAFT Saputro, Iswinarno Doso; Hutagalung, Magda Rosalina; Wahdini, Siti Isya
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 53 No. 1 (2017): JANUARY - MARCH 2017
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Bone graft use in maxillofacial surgery is currently developing, though some problems still persist. One of promising solutions to the problems is application of platelet rich plasma which may accelerate soft tissue healing and bone formation. This study aims to provide basic understanding to the development of PRP application in bone healing where bone graft is applied on human maxillae. Bone defects were made on maxillae of albino rabbits, with an application of bone graft in control group and bone graft plus PRP in treatment group. Histopathological analysis was performed in both groups to assess osteoblast density and collagen tissue area. On day 21st, more osteoblast density and collagen area in treatment group are significantly observed (p<0.05, 95% confidence interval). Observations were made on hard callus formation. In conclusions, platelet rich plasma may increase density of osteoblast in rabbit maxillary bone graft.

LYMPHOCYTE-T TYPE TH1 AND TH2 ACTIVITY DIFFERENCE OF LUNG TISSUE ON Heligmosomoides polygyrus NEMATODE AND Mycobacterium tuberculosis SEQUENTIAL CO-INFECTION Wulandari, Laksmi; Amin, Muhammad; Soedarto, Soedarto; Soegiarto, Gatot
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 53 No. 2 (2017): JUNE 2017
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are often associated with uneffectiveness of the BCG vaccine and the high worm infection. The objective of this study was to determine the differences in the activity of Limfosit T type Th1 (IFN-g) and Th2 (IL-4) in lung tissue on Heligmosomoides polygyrus nematode and Mycobacterium tuberculosis sequential co-infection. This research using 49 mice were divide into 7 groups treated with infection by Mycobacterium tuberculose inhaled and Heligmosomoides polygyrus orally within 8 and 16 weeks. The levels of IFN-g in peripheral blood serum (89.929 + 3.533 pg/mL) resembles the pattern of the percentage of lymphocytes T CD4+ Th1 in lung tissue (3.246 + 0.519%) and peripheral blood (4.950 + 0.237%), while the levels IL-4 in the peripheral blood serum (20.782 + 4.043%) resembles the pattern of the percentage of lymphocytes T CD4+ Th2 in intestinal tissue (1.048 + 0.359%) and peripheral blood (1.196 + 0.557%). In conclusion, there is difference in the activity of lymphocytes T type Th1 and Th2 but it does not affect the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

THE DIFFERENCE OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AFTER INTAKE OF ARABICA AND ROBUSTA COFFEE IN CONTROLLED HYPERTENSION Pikir, Budi S; Andrianto, Andrianto; A, Ford Ance
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 53 No. 3 (2017): September 2017
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Potential mechanisms of caffeine promote large artery stiffness and associated with increased morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease. To find the difference of blood pressure and arterial stiffness after intake of arabica and robusta coffee in controlled hypertension, a quasi-experimental study was done enrolling 24 controlled hypertension and 24 normotensive subjects collected by purposive sampling. Subjects received ± 10,6 g caffeinated coffee in 150 ml water with crossover protocol twice in 5 days. The assessment of arterial stiffness by obtaining ultrasound 2D image of common carotid artery then was calculated with beta stiffness index. Blood pressure and arterial stiffness was measured before coffee intake and again at 30 to 60 minutes thereafter. In controlled hypertension, significant differences were found between initial systolic blood pressure (SBP), 30 and 60 minutes after arabica (p 0,002) and robusta (p 0,012) intake; between diastolic blood pressure (DBP), 30 and 60 minutes after of arabica (p 0,004) and robusta (p 0,025) oral administration; and between initial beta stiffness index, 30 and 60 minutes after arabica (p 0,018) oral administration. However, no significant difference was found between initial beta stiffness index, 30 and 60 minutes after robusta (p 0,104) oral administration. No significant difference was found in all variables after arabica and robusta intake. Significant differences were found in blood pressure after arabica or robusta intake and in arterial stiffness after arabica intake. However, no significant differences were found in arterial stiffness after robusta intake and in all variables after arabica and robusta intake.

Review Article: URIC ACID HOMEOSTASIS AND DISTURBANCES Ferry Fredy Karwur; Dwi Rahayu Pujiastuti
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 53 No. 4 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

This review examined the homeostasis of uric acid in human body and analyzed recent studies of the affecting major variables. Normal uric acid concentration in male is 3.5-7.2 mg/dL and in female is 2.6-6 mg/dL. Daily turnover of normal uric acid ranges from 498-1392 mg/day, miscible pool is 767-1650 mg, reabsorption is 8064 mg/day, renal excretion is 262-620 mg/day and intestine 186-313 mg/day. The dynamics of uric acid is influenced by factors of food, drink, age, history of disease, and genetic. High purine dietary consumption increases blood uric acid by 1-2 mg/dL, 213-290 g/day fructose drinks increases 0.52-1.7 mg/dL, 1.5 g/kgBW sucrose increases 0.61 mg/dL, and 10-20 ml/kgBW beer increases 0.50-0.92 mg/dL. The ABCG2 gene plays a role in bringing uric acid out of the body by 114.31-162.73 mg/dL, SLC2A9 of 5.43-20.17 mg/dL, and SLC22A12 of 5.77-6.71 mg/dL. The data described the homeostasis of uric acid and the magnitude of the impact of environmental (consumption of food, beverages, and lifestyle) and genetic factors. Understanding uric acid homeostasis and its disturbances is important in managing diseases as a consequence of hyperuricemia and hypouryscemia

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