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Teknika: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi
Published by Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
ISSN : 1693024X     EISSN : 26544113     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.36055/tjst
Core Subject : Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Teknika: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi merupakan jurnal peer-reviewed dalam Bahasa Indonesia di bidang keteknikan, diantaranya bidang teknik sipil, bidang teknik mesin, bidang teknik industri, bidang teknik kimia, bidang teknik metalurgi, dan bidang teknik elektro.
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Articles 318 Documents
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Characteristics of fly ash geopolymer based on alkaline ratio of activators for building materials: A review I Dewa Made Alit Karyawan; Ratna Yuniarti; Hasyim Hasyim; Desi Widianty
Jurnal Teknika Vol 18, No 1 (2022): Available Online in June 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v18i1.15410

Abstract

The geopolymer introduced by Davidovits is a new binder for making concrete as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement. One of the materials used to make geopolymers is fly ash. The annual worldwide production of fly ash is estimated to be around 500 Mt. In making geopolymers with fly ash, scientists usually use activators such as silicate and aluminate solutions, as well as with kaolinite. The geopolymerization process is related to the metal oxide ratio of the activator solution. Geopolymers can withstand temperatures up to about 600°C, so they are fire/heat resistant. This paper describes the role of the comparison of dominant elements in a mixture of geopolymer paste with fly ash and alkali which produces the best quality based on compressive strength, where there is an effect of the ratio of alkali on the compressive strength of geopolymer paste. Almost all of the highest compressive strength obtained did not follow the Davidovits rule. This is caused by other factors that affect the compressive strength such as the content of elements such as Si and Al in fly ash and the curing temperature. However, the volumetric and mechanical properties of the artificial aggregate (geopolymer fly ash application) meet the requirements as a road material. It's just that the absorption value is above the requirements (>3%). Seeing the properties of these geopolymers, there is hope to be developed into materials for building materials. Geopolimer yang diperkenalkan oleh Davidovits adalah pengikat baru untuk membuat beton sebagai alternatif pengganti semen Portland biasa. Salah satu bahan yang digunakan untuk membuat geopolimer adalah fly ash. Produksi tahunan fly ash seluruh dunia diperkirakan sekitar 500 Mt. Dalam membuat Geopolimer dari fly ash para ilmuwan biasanya menggunakan aktivator seperti larutan silikat dan aluminat, serta dari kaolinit. Proses geopolimerisasi berkaitan dengan rasio oksida logam dari larutan aktivator. Geopolimer dapat menahan suhu hingga sekitar 600°C, sehingga tahan api/panas. Makalah ini menjelaskan tentang peranan perbandingan unsur-unsur dominan pada campuran pasta geopolimer dengan fly ash dan alkali yang menghasilkan kualitas terbaik berdasarkan kuat tekan, dimana terdapat pengaruh perbandingan alkali terhadap kuat tekan pasta geopolimer. Hampir seluruh kuat tekan tertinggi yang didapatkan tidak mengikuti aturan Davidovits. Hal ini disebabkan oleh faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kuat tekan seperti kandungan unsur-unsur seperti Si dan Al dalam fly ash dan temperatur curing. Namun, properties volumetric dan mekanik agregat buatan (aplikasi geopolymer fly ash) memenuhi persayaratan sebagai bahan jalan. Hanya saja nilai penyerapannya di atas persyaratan (>3%). Melihat sifat-sifat geopolimer tersebut, membuka harapan untuk dikembangkan menjadi material untuk bahan bangunan.
Identifikasi tumbuhan di Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta secara digital menggunakan AutoML Vision Victor Amrizal; Hendra Bayu Suseno; Priyanti Priyanti
Jurnal Teknika Vol 18, No 1 (2022): Available Online in June 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v18i1.14599

Abstract

Palm is a monocot plant that belongs to the Arecaceae family. The plant has unique characteristics and reasonably high diversity in style and shape. However, some people do not know the species of palms around them. Plant identification is made by looking at the shape of the leaves because each species of palm has leaves with unique features. Digital identification of plants is important because it is effective and efficient. One of the tools that can be used to identify plants is AutoML Vision because the tool is easy to develop and can identify quite accurately. The application of AutoML Vision in identifying palms is carried out at the Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta campus. The application of AutoML Vision is carried out at the UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta campus. The results showed an accuracy rate of 90%, and for a threshold value of 0.9, a precision value of 100%. Palem adalah salah satu tumbuhan monokotil, yang termasuk dalam suku Arecaceae. Tumbuhan ini memiliki sifat yang sangat unik serta keragaman yang cukup tinggi, baik dilihat dari corak maupun bentuk. Namun, sebagian masyarakat tidak mengetahui jenis palem yang ada di sekitarnya karena keragaman tersebut. Identifikasi tumbuhan secara digital penting dilakukan karena efektif dan efisien. Salah satu alat yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi tumbuhan yaitu menggunakan AutoML Vision, karena alat itu mudah dikembangkan dan dapat mengidentifikasi dengan cukup akurat. Identifikasi tumbuhan dilakukan dengan melihat bentuk daun, karena tiap jenis palem memiliki daun dengan fitur yang unik. Fitur daun tersebut membawa informasi penting yang dapat membantu manusia mengenali dan mengklasifikasikan tanaman yang dilihatnya secara digital. Penerapan AutoML Vision dilakukan di lingkungan kampus UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat akurasi sebesar 90%, dan untuk nilai threshold 0.9 didapat nilai presisi 100%.
Application of the automated teller machine (ATM) card digit validation algorithm as a credit card fraud detection system Khairul Muttaqin; Rudi Mulya
Jurnal Teknika Vol 18, No 1 (2022): Available Online in June 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v18i1.13733

Abstract

An Automated Teller Machine (ATM) card is a type of credit card that is a transaction tool, especially in trading. Payment activities can be done at various service providers because banks have multifunctional ATM cards. Payment transactions can be done through the internet today, but it can cause problems of crime in both the real world and the virtual world. To solve this problem, the ATM card number is designed to be verified first before the related bank verification number. The method is called the check method on a combination of numbers known as the check digit algorithm. This study uses the Luhn Algorithm to prove the validity of the ATM card used as a transaction. The goal is to find out the authenticity of the digit number of an ATM card and avoid fraud such as counterfeiting the digit number of an ATM card. Based on the tests conducted, it is concluded that the Luhn algorithm can be used as an effective input data validation technique. This is an initial check before users make transactions using ATM cards to avoid misuse and fraud of ATM card data by irresponsible parties. Kartu Automated Teller Machine (ATM) merupakan salah satu jenis kartu kredit yang menjadi alat transaksi khususnya dalam perdagangan. Aktivitas pembayaran dapat dilakukan pada berbagai penyedia jasa layanan karena bank telah memultifungsikan kartu ATM. Transaksi pembayaran dapat dilakukan melalui internet saat ini, namun dapat menimbulkan masalah terjadinya kejahatan baik di dunia nyata maupun dunia maya. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, nomor kartu ATM dirancang untuk diverifikasi terlebih dahulu sebelum nomor verifikasi bank terkait. Metode disebut metode cek pada kombinasi angka yang dikenal dengan algoritma cek digit. Penelitian ini menggunakan Algoritma Luhn untuk membuktikan keabsahan kartu ATM yang dipakai sebagai transaksi. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui keaslian nomor digit dari sebuah kartu ATM dan menghindari penipuan seperti pemalsuan nomor digit dari sebuah kartu ATM. Berdasarkan pengujian yang dilakukan menyimpulkan bahwa Algoritma Luhn dapat digunakan sebagai sebuah teknik validasi data masukan yang efektif. Ini sebagai awal pengecekan sebelum pengguna melakukan transaksi menggunakan kartu ATM untuk menghindari penyalahgunaan dan penipuan data kartu ATM oleh pihak-pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab.
Analysis and determination of tofu production risk mitigation strategy using FMEA and AHP methods (Case study: UD XYZ) Anisa Dwi Aryani; Wahyuda Wahyuda; Suwardi Gunawan
Jurnal Teknika Vol 18, No 1 (2022): Available Online in June 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v18i1.13809

Abstract

In the tofu production process, UD XYZ is inseparable from the risks that may occur so that it can interfere with tofu production activities. Therefore, to handle the existing risks, it is necessary to carry out risk management by mitigating risks. Data collection techniques used are secondary data and primary data. The data processing technique and data analysis used the Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) method and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The results of data processing using the FMEA method are known to be risk factors for raw materials with the highest RPN value, namely the risk of poor soybean quality with an RPN value of 720, the risk factor for the highest RPN production process is the risk of the dose of supporting raw materials not in accordance with the RPN value of 320, and the highest RPN finished product risk factor is the risk of damaged tofu when packaged with an RPN value of 36. The results of data processing using the AHP method with the help of Benefit, Cost, Opportunities, and Risk (BCOR) criteria are known that the criteria with values the highest is the benefit criteria with a value of 0.600. In the risk of raw materials, namely the quality of soybeans is not good, it is known that the chosen alternative strategy is to use the best raw material supplier with a value of 0.738. In the risk of the production process, namely the dose of supporting raw materials is not appropriate, it is known that the chosen alternative strategy is to make a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) with a value of 0.671. The existence of SOPs will help to achieve goals because of the design that guides employees in carrying out their duties and to minimize errors when carrying out their respective tasks. Dalam proses produksi tahu, UD XYZ tidak terlepas dari risiko-risiko yang mungkin terjadi sehingga dapat mengganggu aktivitas produksi tahu. Oleh karena itu, untuk menangani risiko yang ada maka perlu dilakukan manajemen risiko dengan memitigasi risiko. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dan data primer. Teknik pengolahan data dan analisis data menggunakan metode Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) dan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil pengolahan data menggunakan metode FMEA diketahui pada faktor risiko bahan baku risiko dengan nilai RPN tertinggi yaitu pada risiko kualitas kedelai tidak baik dengan nilai RPN sebesar 720, pada faktor risiko proses produksi RPN tertinggi yaitu pada risiko takaran bahan baku pendukung tidak sesuai dengan nilai RPN sebesar 320, dan pada faktor risiko produk jadi RPN tertinggi yaitu pada risiko tahu rusak saat dikemas dengan nilai RPN sebesar 36. Hasil pengolahan data menggunakan metode AHP dengan bantuan kriteria Benefit, Cost, Opportunities, dan Risk (BCOR) diketahui bahwa kriteria dengan nilai-nilai tertinggi yaitu pada kriteria benefit dengan nilai 0.600. Pada risiko bahan baku yaitu kualitas kedelai tidak baik, diketahui bahwa alternatif strategi terpilih adalah menggunakan supplier bahan baku terbaik dengan nilai 0.738. Pada risiko proses produksi yaitu takaran bahan baku pendukung tidak sesuai, diketahui bahwa alternatif strategi terpilih adalah membuat Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) dengan nilai 0.671. Dengan adanya SOP dan pemilihan supplier bahan baku terbaik akan membantu memitigasi risiko prioritas sehingga risiko tersebut dapat dikendalikan dan frekuensinya berkurang.
Analysis of the relationship between land use change and potential inundation rob in The Cipunagara River Basin using machine learning algorithms on google earth engine Gurusu Gurusu; Hendra Achiari
Jurnal Teknika Vol 18, No 1 (2022): Available Online in June 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v18i1.14708

Abstract

Changes in land use in watersheds play a major role in the study of changes in tidal inundation. Land use is a form of human effort to change the environment into a stable environment such as agricultural land, roads, plantations, and settlements. The purpose of this study is the slope of the catchment area, changes in land use in 1996-2020, and the potential for tidal flooding due to changes in land use in the Cipunagara watershed. The method used is the analysis of satellite images available on the Google Earth Engine platform data cloud using machine learning algorithms. The results of the slope analysis in the Cipunagara watershed are divided into five classes, namely the flat category with an area of 52.67 km2, the sloping category covering an area of 823.98 km2, slightly steep covering an area of 226.79 km2, steep covering an area of 126.02 km2, and very steep covering an area of 74.96 km2. Spatial changes in land use from 1996 to 2020, namely for open land/settlements decreased by -15% (-196.92 km2), forest vegetation increased by +11% (+145.78 km2), waters/water decreased by -13% (-164.96 km2), and paddy fields/ponds increased by +17% (+216.11 km2). Analysis of the potential for tidal inundation (river runoff) downstream of the Cipunagara watershed correlates with changes in the use of open land, forest vegetation, and rice fields with an area of 1,982 ha (47%). Meanwhile, the potential for tidal inundation (tidal events) is correlated with changes in the use of paddy fields and waters/water with an area of 2,213.93 ha (53%). The results of the research can be utilized in the management of flood risk in the downstream area of the watershed. Perubahan penggunaan lahan pada daerah aliran sungai memainkan peran utama dalam studi perubahan luasan genangan banjir rob. Tata guna lahan merupakan bentuk usaha manusia mengubah lingkungan menjadi lingkungan yang mapan seperti lahan pertanian, jalan, perkebunan dan pemukiman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah identifikasi kelerengan catchment area, identifikasi perubahan spasial tataguna lahan tahun 1996-2020 dan memetakan potensi banjir rob akibat perubahan tataguna lahan di DAS Cipunagara. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis citra satelit yang tersedia di cloud data platform Google Earth Engine dengan menggunakan algoritma machine learning. Hasil analisis kemiringan lereng pada DAS Cipunagara terbagi atas lima kelas yaitu kategori datar dengan luas 52.67 km2, kategori landai seluas 823.98 km2, agak curam seluas 226.79 km2, curam seluas 126.02 km2, dan sangat curam seluas 74.96 km2. Perubahan spasial tataguna lahan tahun 1996 sampai dengan 2020 yaitu untuk lahan terbuka/pemukiman mengalami pengurangan sebesar -15% (-196.92 km2), vegetasi hutan mengalami penambahan sebesar +11% (+145.78 km2), perairan/air terjadi pengurangan sebesar -13% (-164.96 km2), dan lahan sawah/tambak terjadi penambahan sebesar +17% (+216.11 km2). Analisis potensi genangan rob (kejadian limpasan sungai) di hilir DAS Cipunagara berkorelasi dengan perubahan tataguna lahan terbuka, vegetasi hutan, dan sawah dengan luas 1,982 ha (47%). Sementara potensi genangan rob (kejadian pasang surut) berkorelasi dengan perubahan tataguna lahan sawah dan perairan/air dengan luas 2,213.93 ha (53%). Hasil riset dapat dimanfaatkan dalam manajemen risiko banjir rob pada area hilir daerah aliran sungai.
Effect of Bayah natural zeolite for purification of waste cooking oil as feedstock of alkyd resin Heri Heriyanto; Endang Suhendi; Nadya Fitri Asyuni; Ilham Kiki Shahila
Jurnal Teknika Vol 18, No 1 (2022): Available Online in June 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v18i1.15542

Abstract

The waste of cooking oil was increased due to the cooking oil consumption increases. Waste cooking oil can reuse for raw material after the adsorption process with Bayah's natural zeolite, such as feedstock of alkyd resins. This paper studied the effect of the mass of Bayah natural zeolite (w/w %) on the characteristics of waste cooking oil. The Bayah natural Zeolite as adsorbent to reduce the value of free fatty acids and peroxide numbers The first stage is the preparation of waste cooking oil and Bayah natural zeolite, and then activation of Bayah natural zeolite, and the adsorption process of waste cooking oil with 15 and 30% w/w of zeolite. The results show the characteristics of waste cooking oil which before being adsorbed had an acid value of 1.51% and a peroxide value of 28.43 mek O2/kg which had passed the quality standard parameters of cooking oil quality. The effect of alkaline (NaOH 15 and 30%) activated zeolite to waste cooking oil decreases the free fatty acid content to 0.98% and 0.75%, and the peroxide value was 19.54 mek O2/kg and 18.38 mek O2/kg, respectively. The greater the amount of zeolite added the lower the acid number and peroxide value in the oil, thereby increasing the quality of the oil as raw material for alkyd resins. Minyak jelantah mengalami kenaikan seiring dengan meningkatkanya konsumsi minyak goreng. Minyak jelantah dapat digunakan kembali untuk bahan baku setelah proses adsorpsi dengan zeolit alam Bayah, seperti untuk bahan baku alkyd resin. Makalah ini mempelajari pengaruh massa zeolit alam Bayah (b/b %) terhadap karakteristik limbah minyak jelantah. Tahap pertama adalah preparasi minyak jelantah dan zeolit alam Bayah, kemudian aktivasi zeolit alam Bayah, dan proses adsorpsi minyak jelantah dengan massa zeolit 15 dan 30% b/b. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik minyak jelantah sebelum diadsorbsi memiliki bilangan asam 1.51% dan bilangan peroksida 28.43 mek O2/kg yang telah sesuai dengan parameter baku mutu minyak goreng. Pengaruh zeolit teraktivasi alkali (NaOH 15 dan 30 %) terhadap minyak jelantah menurunkan kadar asam lemak bebas menjadi 0.98% dan 0.75%, serta bilangan peroksida masing-masing adalah 19.54 mek O2/kg dan 18.38 mek O2/kg. Semakin besar jumlah zeolit yang ditambahkan, maka semakin rendah bilangan asam dan bilangan peroksida dalam minyak, sehingga meningkatkan kualitas minyak sebagai bahan baku alkyd resin.
Back Matter Teknika Volume 18 Number 1 June 2022
Jurnal Teknika Vol 18, No 1 (2022): Available Online in June 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v18i1.16601

Abstract

Front Matter Teknika Volume 18 Number 1 June 2022
Jurnal Teknika Vol 18, No 1 (2022): Available Online in June 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v18i1.16595

Abstract

The effect of steering tail fin on performance on double pillars hybrid vertical axis wind turbine (Sultan Wind Turbine V-4.5) Erwin Erwin; Slamet Wiyono; Muhammad Iqbal; Hilmy Maulana Yusuf
Jurnal Teknika Vol 18, No 2 (2022): Available Online in November 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v18i2.17022

Abstract

One of the methods to increase the efficiency of wind turbines is to add directional fins so that the wind turbine faces and is in the same direction as the wind. The use of triangular fins will slightly increase the performance of wind turbines compared to rectangular and trapezoidal shapes. The most crucial factor is that the fin area is not less than 5% of the swept area on the turbine blades. And according to calculations and simulation data, the convex pentagonal shape generates the greatest power. While the tests conducted by P.R. Ebert et al, that a twin wing with a high wing angle shows a greater damping response than a single wing. The aim of this research is to optimize the performance of the Sultan V-4.5 wind turbine by adding guide fins. Simulation methods and design of directional fins were carried out to obtain the most suitable fin shape and size. By using an aspect ratio of 1.4, the distance from the center of gravity to the center axis of the turbine is reduced. Performance tests were carried out using fins with areas of 0.06 m2, 0.12 m2 and 0.22 m2. Twin fins are used, with a 30o angle between them, to reduce the oscillatory forces resulting from wind motion. Fin profiles with maximum force when exposed to wind at angles of 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, and 30° were selected from the available profiles using Computer Fluid Dynamic analysis. To determine the most suitable structure and material for fins, simulate the topology optimization and material selection used. According to his findings, the isosceles and right-angled triangles, which produce forces of 0.91 N and 0.77 N respectively, are the strongest. PVC plates are the materials used. The results of this study indicate that 2 m/s wind speeds frequency, the type 3b fin designs are the best design according to performance tests. The end result, coefficient of power increases and power generates increases respectively 5 and 3.8 times the previous research.
Effect of maleic anhydride compatibilizer addition on mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA)/cellulose acetate (CA) composites film Abdul Kholiq; Ika Jumantika; Achmad Syarafuddin As-syirazi; Rahmayetty Rahmayetty
Jurnal Teknika Vol 18, No 2 (2022): Available Online in November 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36055/tjst.v18i2.17306

Abstract

Environmental problems caused by the use of undegradable conventional plastics are still the major issue. According to the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in 2021, plastic waste in Indonesia accumulated as much as 66 million tons per year and is expected to raise gradually. PLA and CA, derived from renewable resources, are biodegradable, thermoplastic, resistant to pressure, and are often used as raw materials for the manufacture of composite plastics. PLA is hydrophobic and CA is hydrophilic, so a compatibilizer is needed as a substance that can improve the mechanical properties, compatibility, and homogeneity of the resulting composite film. This research aims to obtain the ratio of PLA/CA and the concentration of maleic anhydride (MA) compatibilizer to produce PLA/CA composites film with good mechanical strength and according to packaging material standards. The method in this research is solvent casting by synthesizing composite films through sample preparation, modification of CA with MA, grafting of PLA/CA and MA, synthesis of composite films of PLA/CA and MA, as well as several characteristic tests. The results showed that the obtained films were identified as having PLA, CA, and MA, had a relatively smooth surface and were degraded at a temperature treatment of 543oC. The best film was obtained from mass variations of PLA/CA and MA (6:4:1.5 gram) with a tensile strength of 7.38 MPa, and elongation at break reached 18.11% and met the packaging standard values by Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS).

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