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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 20851103     EISSN : 23560991     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
This journal is a peer-reviewed journal established to promote the recognition of emerging and reemerging diseases specifically in Indonesia, South East Asia, other tropical countries and around the world, and to improve the understanding of factors involved in disease emergence, prevention, and elimination. The journal is intended for scientists, clinicians, and professionals in infectious diseases and related sciences. We welcome contributions from infectious disease specialists in academia, industry, clinical practice, public health, and pharmacy, as well as from specialists in economics, social sciences and other disciplines.
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Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)" : 8 Documents clear
An Overview of COVID-19 Patients in RSUD Bhakti Dharma Husada Surabaya from September 2020 to June 2021 Trisnawati, Yunika; Firman Suryadi Rahman
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.29377

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has been lasting more than a year. Until now, research on the analysis of an overview of COVID-19patients has not been carried out at RSUD Bhakti Dharma Husada Surabaya. This study aims to describe the COVID-19 cases in RSUD Bhakti Dharma Husada Surabaya about the gender of patients, highest number of patients, the most recovered patient, the highest death rate occurred, and Case Fatality rate (CFR). This study is a descriptive observational study with a case series approach. The data used in this study were COVID-19 data from the application of online Hospital ditjen yankes from September 2020 to June 2021. The majority of COVID-19 cases occured in women (53.04 %). The COVID-19 patients mostly came to the hospital in June 2021, about 241. The most recovered patients in Oktober were 255 patients. The highest death rates occurred in June 2021 ware 47 patients. Case Fatality rate (CFR) is at 5.79 % because in June 2021 the health facilities were full, and cause patients did not get help quickly. Many patients have been forced to self-isolate at home so that they have worsened and fi nally died. Most COVID-19 patients who were treated at the RSUD Bhakti Dharma Husada Surabaya from 2020 to June 2021 occurred in women and the most patients who were admitted was in June 2021.
Clostridium difficile Infection (CDI) by Hypervirulent BI/NAP1/027 Strain: a Comprehensive Review of Toxigenicity, Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Preventative Measures Budayanti, Ni Nyoman Sri; Aryana, I Gusti Putu Suka; Wedari, Ni Luh Putu Harta
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.31030

Abstract

Clostridium difficile is an anaerobic bacil gram-positive bacteria, able to form spores and toxin, that is transmitted among humans through the fecal–oral route. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), a typical nosocomial infection has been contributed to a signifi cant proportion of morbidity and mortality among in-patients with a case-fatality rate of 14% within 30 days after diagnosis. Profound culture and toxin examination for C. difficile are still minimal in many hospitals in various Asian countries. Consequently, C. difficile reports in Asia remain rare. Highly virulent form of C. difficile caused greater fatality and epidemics severity. Elderly age, hospitalization, exposure to antibiotics e.g., cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, clindamycin, and penicillin contributed as main risk factors. Hypervirulent strain BI/NAP1/027 demonstrated to carry CdtLoc gene locus encodes CD196 ADP-ribosyltransferase (CDT) or known as binary toxin. Virulence factors are TcdA, TcdB, CDTa CDTb in which hypersporulation and mutation of TcD gene by hypervirulent strain led to toxin hyperexpression. Early cases detection, building management team to evaluate patient positive with all C. difficile toxins, hand hygiene improvement, continuation of contact precautions after diarrhea resolution, audit of infection control, and restriction of antimicrobials should be implemented as preventative measures. Focus measures also should emphasize on development of vaccine of C. difficile to boost immune state of elderly people. This review aims to describe severity of disease caused by hypervirulent BI/NAP1/027 C. difficile strain, its mechanism or pathogenesis, risk factors, current treatment options available, along with proposed preventative measures and infection control.
Correlation Between Risk of Febrile Neutropenia Based on Rondinelli Score with Clinical Outcomes in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients Alifadiningrat, Dianira Hanum Febia; Puspitasari, Dwiyanti; Hernaningsih, Yetti
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.31916

Abstract

Febrile neutropenia (FN) is the most severe complication in patients with blood cancer and chemotherapy. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer in children and the most common cause of febrile neutropenia. The low number of neutrophils in ALL patients due to lymphoblast cancer cells and the toxicity of chemotherapy makes patients susceptible to infection which, if not treated immediately, can lead to death. Early risk assessment for infectious complications in FN patients is needed to increase clinician awareness in high-risk patients and eliminate unnecessary therapy for low-risk patients. The Rondinelli scoring system is a reasonably good instrument for predicting severe infectious complications in pediatric patients with ALL who have febrile neutropenia. This study aims to determine the relationship between the risk category for febrile neutropenia (FN) based on the Rondinelli score with clinical outcomes in FN patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the Hematology-Oncology division of the child health department of RSUD Dr. Soetomo. This analytic observational study used secondary data FN patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) implementing a total sampling. From 30 samples of pediatric ALL patients with febrile neutropenia at Dr. Soetomo Hospital for June 2018-June 2020 it was found 17 patients (56.7%) had a moderate risk score category, and 13 others were in a low-risk category (43.3 %). Patients were dominated by moderate and severe severity of neutropenia respectively, 43.3%, had neutropenia for 1-7 days (50%), fever less than seven days (66.7%), had a length of stay of 8-14 days, and 15-30 days 33.3% each. Conclusion from this research is that there was a signifi cant relationship between the Rondinelli score category in pediatric ALL patients with FN with the severity of neutropenia p=0.037; R=0.383), duration of neutropenia (p=0.021; R=0.420), duration of fever (p=0.000; R=0.618), and length of stay (p-value 0.005; R=0.496).
Cat's Liver Disease Detection with SGOT and SGPT Evaluation as a Gold Standard Diagnosis Kurnia Desiandura; Asih Rahayu; Freshinta Jellia Wibisono
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.32087

Abstract

SGOT and SGPT are two enzymes found in the liver in large amounts. Therefore, elevated levels of these two enzymes in the blood indicate liver disease. This study aims to identify liver disease in cats in Surabaya through the levels of SGOT and SGPT in the blood as the gold standard of diagnosis. Samples came from stray cats and domesticated cats of random age, breed, and sex. The blood samples collected were 62 samples, consisting of 33 domestic cats and 29 samples from stray cats. This study showed that from 33 samples of domesticated cats, 19 samples had higher than normal levels of SGOT, and from 29 samples of stray cats, 27 samples had higher than normal levels of SGOT. For SGPT levels, from 33 samples of domesticated cats, six samples had higher than normal levels of SGPT, and from 29 samples of stray cats, six samples had higher levels of SGPT than average. Data analysis used an independent sample t-test with SPSS for Windows with a signifi cance level of 0.05. The data analysis results showed no signifi cant diff erence, which means that the high levels of cat SGOT and SGPT enzymes did not signifi cantly aff ect the origin of the cat. Therefore, it can be concluded that high levels of SGOT and SGPT as the gold standard for detecting liver diseases can occur in all cats, including stray cats and domesticated cats.
Novel Potential Immune Response Biomarkers to Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in the Last Five Years Unicha, Mutiara Shinta Noviar; Wayan Tunas Artama; Niken Irfa Nastiti
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.32119

Abstract

Rapid and accurate detection performs an important role in the control of raising MDR-TB. Currently, studies on biomarkers as targets for TB diagnostic tests using immune response products to indicate the presence, mycobacterial load, early markers, and activity, diff erentiation, and progression markers of TB infection are rapidly available. This systematic review aims to summarize the last fi ve years of potential biomarkers studies from the immune response for MDR-TB rapid diagnostic development. The authors performed a literature search on four databases as ProQuest, EBSCO Academic Search, Universitas Gadjah Mada Online Library Journal Database, and Google Scholar, retrieved from January 2016 to December 2021. In total, 18,288 articles were identifi ed and three tudies met the inclusion criteria. Several promising biomarkers were found for MDR-TB diagnosis purposes, such as sCD14, PGLYRP2, FGA, Indoleamine 2, 3- dioxygenase (IDO), and Complement Receptor 2 (CR2). A combination of sCD14, PGLYRP2, and FGA were bringing a diagnostic design with a higher sensitivity (94.7%) and specifi city (80%) than the design of a single protein. Higher IDO activity towards the MDR-TB group than in the DS-TB group with a sensitivity of 87.50 %, specifi city of 72.22 %. CR2 was the main focus due to its association with IL-6. After induction of CR2 peptide in a dose-dependent manner, the expression level of IL-6 was decreased signifi cantly. It might because of CR2 peptide regulating the macrophages proinfl ammatory cytokines secretion to decrease the local infl ammation of the immune response. These biomarkers are strong candidates for MDR-TB diagnosis due to their important role as the pathogenesis marker of MDR-TB. There is a need of further research to investigate those immune response products and their role to eliminate infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis directly.
The Longevity of Aedes aegypti Larvae in Several Water Sources in Surabaya Antonio Ayrton Widiastara; Gabriel Pedro Mudjianto; Etik Ainun Rohmah; Hengki Anggara Putra; Martha Indah Widia Ningtyas; Sri Wijayanti Sulistyawati; Suhintam Pusarawati; Fitriah; Kasiyama Desi Indriyani; Alpha Fardah Athiyyah; Basuki, Sukmawati
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.32209

Abstract

Aedes aegypti transmits the dengue virus that causes Dengue Viring the high number of DVI cases is the existing breeding places of Ae. aegypti. The water sources used by the community and the surrounding environment are essential media for living Ae. aegypti larvae. This recent study aimed to detect the longevity of Ae. aegypti larvae in diff erent water sources in Surabaya and the killing effect of temephos. An analytical observational and experimental study was conducted in August-September 2021. Twenty-instar III Ae. aegypti larvae were put in each 100 ml beaker glass containing diff erent water sources, such as rain, well, mineral, new and used bath water, and antiseptic soapy water. Fungi in water sources were examined. Two groups were set with and without temephos, the final temephos concentration was of 0.00001 ppm. Live Ae. aegypti larvae, pupae, mosquitoes were observed every 24 hours for seven days without feeding. Living larvae were still found on Day 7 in all water sources with and without temephos. There were more larvae live in soapy water without temephos, particularly on Day 2 to Day 6, compared to other water sources either without or with temephos. In contrast, many larvae died in mineral water with temephos. Some larvae turned into pupae, started on Day 1. Pupae and mosquitoes were mostly found in rain water with temephos. Ae. aegypti larvae survived better in soapy water either with or without temephos. Temephos seemed to be effective to kill Ae. aegypti larvae in mineral water, and might induce larvae in turning to pupae and mosquitoes quickly at low concentration.
Human Norovirus Molecular Analysis and Development of Norovirus Vaccine Adinda Juwita Syakila Elizafanti; Maria Inge Lusida; Muhammad Miftahussurur; Alpha Fardah Athiyyah
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.32699

Abstract

The most common organism of acute viral gastroenteritis is norovirus, which accounts for roughly 20% of all occurrences of acute gastroenteritis globally. The virus kills over 200,000 children each year and is the leading cause of childhood diarrhea in the rotavirus-vaccinated population. This study aims to review available studies regarding the information on the genogroup norovirus in humans, development of norovirus vaccines, and effectiveness of norovirus vaccines. A systematic review using Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus databases to identify eligible case studies. The search was conducted in September-October 2021. The quality of the included literature used checklists from the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). All of the six selected studies with populations given RT-PCR intervention showed positive for norovirus infection. The most predominant genogroups in humans are GI and GII. As for the research results of the two selected studies on norovirus vaccine, namely the human phase 2 trial containing two Virus-Like Particles (VLP) genotypes, one study showed efficacy at 18-49 one study at ≥ 60 years of age. This study analysis uses Takeda bivalent vaccine. The vaccine includes norovirus antigens of the GI and GII genogroups, intending to expand its protective immune potential. GI, GII, and GIV genogroups are prevalent in humans. VLP that contains GI.I and consensus GII.4c have been created as the NoV vaccine, providing signifi cant efficacy. Very likely because they contain GI dan GII antigens, which are the genogroups that infect humans the most. Patients given a placebo developed acute gastroenteritis due to norovirus GII.2, indicating a genotype cross-reactivity.
Characteristics of Chronic Sinusitis Based on Non-Contrast CT Scan at the ENT-Head and Neck Surgery Polyclinic of Regional General Hospital Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh Putra, Teuku Romi Imansyah; Teuku Husni T.R; Hesti Anandini Sariningrum; Dhiatama Endalif
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.33535

Abstract

Chronic sinusitis is a long-term infl ammation that occurs in the nasal and paranasal mucosa for 12 weeks. Non-contrast CT scan is gold standard in diagnosing chronic sinusitis. This study aims to determine the characteristics of chronic sinusitis based on non-contrast CT scan at the ENT-Head and Neck Surgery Polyclinic of RSUDZA Banda Aceh in 2019. This research was a descriptive study with retrospective data, medical record. The sample of this study was taken by consecutive sampling method in October 2020 and obtained 111 samples. The results showed that most patients with chronic sinusitis were 30-39 years), as many as 42 people (37.8%). Most of the sexes suff ering from chronic sinusitis were women, as many as 59 people (53.2%). Based on the non-contrast CT scan, the location of the sinuses most aff ected was the maxillary sinuses, as many as 110 people (99.1%). The number of sinuses that were most aff ected was single sinusitis, which was 58 people (52.3%). Most patients with chronic sinusitis without polyps were found, as many as 89 people (80.2%). The most common anatomical variation found was septal deviation as many as 25 people (22.5%). The conclusions in this study indicate that women, late adulthood, maxillary sinus, single sinusitis, chronic sinusitis without nasal polyps, and septal deviation are characteristics of chronic sinusitis patients based on non-contrast CT scan.

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