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Biota
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang
ISSN : 2528262X     EISSN : 24607746     DOI : https://doi.org/10.19109/Biota
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal biota is an open access, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of novel research in all aspects of biology, with particular attention paid to the exploration and biodiversity Wetland tropical—and especially Indonesian—biodiversity. Original research articles written in English and featuring well-designed studies with clearly analyzed and logically interpreted results are accepted, with a strong preference given to research that has the potential to make significant contributions to both the field of biology and society in general
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 160 Documents
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Aktivitas Enzimatis Eko-Enzim Averrhoa bilimbi L. Di Kabupaten Plaju Sumatera Selatan Dengan Variasi pH Siti Soleha; Delima Engga maretha; Andi Saputra; Siti Rachmi Indahsari; Binsar Butar Butar; Ahma Adi Suhendra; Maharani Maharani; Harlis Harlis; Hari Kapli
Biota Vol 9 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Biota 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/Biota.v9i2.16460

Abstract

Enzymes are biocatalysts that have many benefits in the industry and the environment. Eco-enzymes are reported to have amylase, lipase, and protease activities. Enzymatic activity is strongly influenced by several factors, one of which is pH. This study aims to determine the optimum enzymatic activity (amylase, lipase and protease) of Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruit eco-enzymes with various pH treatments (5, 6, 7, 8). Enzymatic activity was measured using a spectrophotometric method. Amylase activity assay using starch as a substrate. Casein and para nitrophenol palmitate were used as substrates. Casein was used as a substrate in the protease activity assays. In the lipase activity assays, para nitrophenol palmitate was used as substrate. Data analysis results are presented in graphical and descriptive. Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruit eco-enzyme has a protein concentration of 0.459 mg/ml. The optimum activity of amylase at pH 5 was 11,713.871 U/mg. Optimum activity and protease activity occurred at pH 8 and 6 of 3.667 U/mg and 13,400.77 U/mg, respectively.
The Potential of Moringa oleifera Extract Waste as Fe Adsorbent in South Sumatra, Indonesia Syarifah Syarifah; Ra Hoetari Tirta Amelia; Riri Novita Sunarti; Awalul Fatiqin; Yahya Febrianto; Thathit Suprayogi; Yithro Serang
Biota Vol 9 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Biota 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/Biota.v9i2.16664

Abstract

The issue of environmental pollution has become a concern, especially for the government, since the establishment of Law No. 4 of 1982. This is because the effects of pollution can be toxic and even fatal for living beings, particularly humans. One of the pollutants in the environment generated from mining industry waste is heavy metal Fe. In light of these problems, a study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of sawdust and Moringa twigs as by-products in adsorbing heavy metal iron (Fe) in the liquid waste of the gold mining industry. This research is classified as pure experimental research. The research reveals that the mean percentage reduction in the heavy metal iron (Fe) content in the gold mining industry wastewater, after treatment with the addition of Moringa leaf powder, is 9.6%. On the other hand, treatment with the addition of Moringa stem powder achieves a reduction of 92%. This significant difference is attributed to the bioactive compound rhamnosyloxy-benzyl isothiocyanate present in Moringa. This compound has the ability to adsorb and neutralize sludge and metal particles found in the waste suspension, along with dirt particles in the water. Consequently, Moringa shows potential as a natural coagulant for water purification purposes.
Karakterisasi Distribusi Ozon Pada Air Distilasi dan Air Kelapa yang Diproduksi Menggunakan Mesin Lucutan Plasma Berpenghalang Dielektrik Ganda David Yudianto; Ratih Dewanti Hariyadi; Sukarno Sukarno; Muhammad Nur; Eko Hari Purnomo
Biota Vol 9 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Biota 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/Biota.v9i2.16714

Abstract

Ozone produced using plasma technology can act as an antimicrobial agent that could be applied in a sterilization process. A Double Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DDBD) machine has ability to produce ozone in sufficient amount for microbial inactivation. The objective of this study is to characterize the ozone distribution expressed as dissolved ozone in distilled water and coconut water produced using a DDBD machine. The information can be useful for industries to design a commercial sterilization process. The results shows that an oxygen flow rate of 0.2 L/min produces the highest ozone concentration, i.e. 3440 mg/L. In addition, the capacity of the machine is relatively similar to all off oxygen flow rate, i.e., 41.28-43.2 g/hour. The oxygen flow rate of 0.2 L/min produces the highest dissolved ozone concentration, i.e. 0.42 mg/L distilled water. This oxygen flow rate is followed by its best kinetic model based on its linear portion during dissolved ozone penetration. A zero order model could describe this penetration process well, including its best k value of 0.0292 mg/L per minute with the highest dissolved ozone concentration among other oxygen flow rates. Besides, distilled water could represent dissolved ozone penetration in coconut water. Ozone gas and dissolved ozone concentration have possitive corellation with R-square value of 0.8934.
Potentials of Predators of Weaver Ants Towards Caterpillar in Palm Plantation with The Test Preferences Method Irham Falahudin; Shafira Septriani
Biota Vol 9 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Biota 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/Biota.v9i2.16943

Abstract

The problem that arises in palm oil plantation operation on a huge scale is the appearance of caterpillar pest that attacks palm oil plants. There are several important pests that attack palm oil plants such as caterpillars which are the sort of Setora nitens. The appearance of the past becomes an important concern for the world’s plantation. How to eradicate the pest naturally is the performed effort. This effort can be done by using weaver ant. Weaver has the potential as the natural enemy of palm oil because they can be nesting in arboreal areas. So, this research object will focus on observing the weaver ant (Ocoephylla smaragdina) predator ability by using the forage preference test method toward several types of dominant pests in palm oil plants, especially caterpillars. Preference for choice and no-choice tests. The material used is an oil palm plantation with four species of caterpillar as the main pest on a palm plantation. The tool used in the test box amount to four in which each of the six different types of caterpillars are inserted. This research is conducted on a laboratory scale by using a complete random program experiment (CRP) and was conducted in April 2016 at Biology Laboratory UIN Raden Fatah Palembang. The research results show that the weaver ant (O. smaragdina) can prey on the S. nitens caterpillar the similarity test average is 87,50% by using a nonchoice technique. The choice methods O. smaragdina can be prey 41,67% S. nitens. In the similarity test average choice techniques are different (83,33%).
GC-MS Analysis and In-silico Molecular Docking study of Skin Fruit Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Methanol Extract as Mosquito Repellent: english Rita Maliza; Husna Fitri; Bramadi Arya
Biota Vol 9 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Biota 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/Biota.v9i2.17589

Abstract

Malaria is an endemic disease that is still a problem globally, especially in countries with tropical and subtropical climates. People generally use mosquito repellents from synthetic materials, but they still cause effects and toxicity. Using active compounds from plants is an alternative to developing mosquito repellents. The 30 active compounds from the GC-MS analysis of methanol extract of Arabica coffee skin fruit and we selected the highest percentage compound, namely n-Hexadecanoic acid, Caffeine, Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 3-O-Methyl-d-glucose and desulphosinigrin. The highest compounds were carried out by molecular docking with Odorant binding protein 1 (OBP1) as the protein target and N, N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) as the native ligand. Desulphosinigrin has the highest binding affinity, which is -6.2 Kcal/mol, close to the native ligand DEET. It can be concluded that the active compound desulphosinigrin has the potential as a repellent. This study concludes that active compounds from the methanol extract of Arabica coffee skin have the potential as a repellent.
The Role of Galectin-3 in The Diagnosis and Evaluation of Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis Shihab Mahmood Almurshedi; Raad Abdulameer Alasady Alasady; Hashim Ali Alsherees; Ali M. Almohana; Kareem Gali Aljayashi; Dhifaf Hameed Almudhaffer
Biota Vol 9 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Biota 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/Biota.v9i2.18343

Abstract

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects small joints, leading to joint inflammation, pain, and limited mobility. New biomarkers specific to RA could facilitate early diagnosis and treatment, while also enabling better monitoring of disease activity and treatment response. By ELISA, galectin-3 (gal-3) level was measured in 133 patients with inflammatory arthritis to determine the diagnostic value of gal-3 in the diagnosis of RA and evaluate the disease activity. Serum gal-3 levels were significantly higher in RA patients compared to patients with other types of inflammatory arthritis. According to CDAI, DAS-28 ESR, and DAS-28 CRP, gal-3 showed positive correlations with disease activity scores. Galectin-3 at a cut-off value of ≥ 2.4 ng/ml, revealed 89% sensitivity, 91% specificity, and an AUC of 0.893. There was a significant correlation between gal-3 and the age of RA patients, while no significant correlations were observed with gender, BMI, and smoking index. Notably, gal-3 levels correlated significantly with CRP, RF titer, and ACPA levels. Therefore, gal-3 can be considered a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis of RA and evaluating the disease activity.
Root Colonization by Microorganisms and The Effects of PGPR On Plant Growth: A Mini-Review Gerard Osuyi Uyi; Salamatu Musa Idris; Bashir Eya Sani; Peter Uteh Upla; Aleruchi Chuku; Oluwatosin Adeyemi Okunade
Biota Vol 10 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Biota 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/Biota.v10i1.18948

Abstract

This brief review provides a concise overview of the impact of microorganisms that colonize roots on plant growth, with a particular focus on plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). At the root-soil interface, microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi interact with plants, providing various advantages, including nutrient acquisition, pathogen protection, and stress tolerance. PGPR, which are bacteria that promote plant growth through mechanisms such as nitrogen fixation, potassium solubilization, induction of plant stress resistance and siderophore production, are among the most beneficial of these microorganisms. The colonization process entails chemotaxis, adhesion, and colonization of both the rhizosphere and endosphere, which are facilitated by exopolysaccharides, biofilm formation, and signaling molecules. PGPR has been shown to boost root and shoot growth, enhance nutrient and water use efficiency, and enhance plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors. These effects are mediated by direct and indirect interactions between PGPR and plants, which involve modulation of plant immune responses and systemic resistance. Understanding these mechanisms is critical to the exploitation of PGPR in sustainable agriculture. PGPR can reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, but further research is required to unravel the complex interactions between microorganisms and plants, identify key signaling molecules in root colonization, and optimize the use of PGPR in various crops. This brief review underlines the importance of root colonization by microorganisms, particularly PGPR, in promoting plant growth and sustainable agriculture.
The Effect of Replacing Sorghum Grains with Corn Along with Phytase and NSP Enzymes on Yield and Blood Parameters of Broilers Mahdieh Habibi; Kaveh Jafari Khorshidi; Esmaeil Ganji Jameh Shooran; Hamed Kioumarsi
Biota Vol 10 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Biota 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/Biota.v10i1.19160

Abstract

In this research, the effects of replacing grain sorghum with corn along with phytase and NSP enzymes on the performance and blood parameters of broiler chickens were investigated. Different levels of grain sorghum (0, 5, and 10%) and two levels of phytase enzyme and NSP (0 and 0.1%) were used in feeding broilers. At the end of the period (42 days old), blood samples were taken and blood serum parameters were measured. During the test period, the amount of feed consumed, daily weight gain, food conversion ratio, and carcass characteristics were measured. The experimental treatments include 1- control diet (without sorghum and no enzyme), 2- control diet + without sorghum + 0.1 enzyme, 3- control diet + 5% sorghum + without enzyme, 4- control diet + 5% sorghum + 1 0. enzyme, 5- control diet + 10% sorghum + no enzyme and 6- control diet + 10% sorghum + 0.1 enzyme. The statistical design used in this experiment was a 2x3 factorial method in the form of a completely random design, with 6 treatments and 3 repetitions (15 chickens in each repetition), and a total of 270 Ross 308 strain broiler chickens were used. The results of the feed consumption showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the main effect of sorghum in the first and sixth weeks and in the main effect of enzyme only in the last week (p<0.05). The results of live weight gain showed that a statistically significant difference was observed only in the main effect of sorghum in the fifth and sixth weeks (p<0.05), (p<0.05) so the ratio without sorghum had the highest amount of live weight. The results of food conversion ratio showed that only in the main effect of sorghum, a statistically significant difference was observed in the fifth week (p<0.05), so the diet without sorghum showed the highest food conversion ratio. The results of the carcass traits showed that a statistically significant difference in the weight of the liver, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine and, cecum was observed only in the main effect of sorghum (p<0.05). The results of blood tests at the end of the experiment showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the amount of cholesterol, HDL, and LDL in the main effect of sorghum (p<0.05). The general results of the research showed that the addition of different levels of sorghum and enzymes in the diet did not have a favorable effect on the amount of feed consumption, live weight, and carcass traits, but the level of 10% sorghum improved the food conversion ratio in some weeks of the experiment.
In Silico Active Compounds of Musa troglodytarum L. as Antibiotic Candidates for Tuberculosis Rinaldi Rizal Putra; Diana Hernawati; Vita Meylani
Biota Vol 10 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Biota 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/Biota.v10i1.19262

Abstract

The primary approach for managing tuberculosis involves the use of antibiotics, such as isoniazid. Over the course of time, genetic mutations give rise to bacterial resistance against synthetic medications. As a result of this phenomenon, the aforementioned impacts can be mitigated through the utilisation of bioactive compounds derived from naturally occuring substances, such as mature bananas (Musa troglodytarum L). The objective of this work was to assess the pharmacokinetics and physicochemical properties of Rrespon bananas, as well as their binding affinity on the 4KL9 receptor, in order to anticipate potential toxicity using the in silico molecular docking approach. The findings indicate that the Rangga banana contains Fumaric acid and Benzoic Acid compounds that exhibit a stronger binding affinity for the 4KL9 receptor compared to isoniazid. The ligand's binding affinity is more negative by -4.8 kcal/mol and -5.4 kcal/mol, satisfying Lipinski's five laws, including a molecular weight of 116.072 g/mol and 122.123 g/mol, Log p values of 0.2882 and 1.3848, HBA values of 2 and 1, and HBD values of 2 and 1. Additionally, the compounds demonstrate a favourable ADME profile (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion) and fall within toxicity classes 3 and 4, which are considered safer than isoniazid. Consequently, these two compounds possess potential as tuberculosis drugs that minimise adverse effects.
Unraveling The Impact of Feed Protein Content on Catfish (Clarias sp.) Growth, Survival, Meat Quality and Gastrointestinal Histology Septriani, Nur Indah; Nizma, Nata Dwi Annisa; Paramita, Pradnya
Biota Vol 10 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Biota 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19109/biota.v10i2.19715

Abstract

Catfish is a highly favored source of protein in Indonesia. Catfish farming can be carried out using various types of feed and methods. This research aims to determine the effect of two types of fish feed with high (24%) and low (4%) protein content on several aspects of catfish cultivated using the pond/bucket culture method. The methods include catfish maintenance, physicochemical measurement, morphometric measurements, survival rate measurements, proximate testing, and histological preparations of catfish intestines and stomach. The results show that the TDS and pH values in the high-protein feed are higher than in the low-protein feed, while the temperature fluctuates. At the end of the observation, there is a significant difference in the morphometry of catfish fed with high-protein feed, where the body weight, head width, and body length are higher. The difference in body weight of catfish fed with high-protein feed is significantly higher (119.58±16.72 g) compared to those fed with low-protein feed (52.20±4.80 g). The average number of surviving catfish fed with high-protein feed is lower (27.60±8.23 fish) compared to the other group (44.00±2.55 fish). Proximate testing indicates that catfish meat with high-protein feed also has higher protein, fat, and carbohydrate content. Histological analysis shows that catfish with high-protein feed have longer villi and higher number of goblet cells, while the length of the gastric pits is lower. This research demonstrates that high-protein feed has an impact on fish quality, while ensuring water quality to reduce catfish mortality rates in catfish pond culture.

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