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INDONESIA
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 18295088     EISSN : 25033883     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional (JHI) is a biannual journal published by Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia collaborates with Asosiasi Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Indonesia(AIHII).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 391 Documents
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ISIS Menuju Asia Tenggara: Ancaman dan Kerja Sama Keamanan Kawasan dalam Menghadapi Peningkatan Ekspansi ISIS Amin, Khoirul
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.62117

Abstract

The Marawi war in early 2017 became the most explicit evidence of ISIS terrorist group existence in Southeast Asia. The region is predicted to be their new territory for expansion under the leadership of Abu Bakar Al-Baghdadi, even more after their lost at many territories in the Middle East. The Southeast Asia countries immediately generate preventive actions by strengthening the territorial security cooperation. This paper examines how Southeast Asia has great possibility to be the new destination for ISIS to invade and how the countries in Southeast Asia deal the threat. It is assumed that ISIS as part of global terrorism is trying to widen their expansion to Southeast Asia and how the countries in Southeast Asia rise up cooperation among them to prevent and resist from the ISIS expansion.  Pertempuran di Marawi pada awal tahun 2017 menjadi bukti paling jelas hadirnya ancaman kelompok teroris ISIS di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Asia Tenggara diprediksi menjadi tujuan baru bagi agenda perluasan wilayah kekhalifahan Negara Islam di bawah Abu Bakar Al-Baghdadi setelah mengalami banyak kekalahan dan kehilangan wilayah kekuasaan di Timur Tengah. Negara-negara di Asia Tenggara segera mengambil langkah atraktif dengan meningkatkan kerja sama keamanan kawasan sebagai upaya sekuritisasi. Tulisan ini mengkaji bagaimana kawasan Asia Tenggara berpotensi besar menjadi tujuan baru bagi ISIS untuk kembali membangun kekuatan dan bagaimana upaya negara-negara di Asia Tenggara menghadapi ancaman tersebut. Tulisan ini berpendapat bahwa ISIS sebagai bagian dari terorisme global sedang berusaha memperluas pengaruhnya ke Asia Tenggara dan peningkatan kerja sama keamanan kawasan yang dilakukan negara-negara di Asia Tenggara, dapat dipahami sebagai bentuk upaya menghadapi ekspansi ISIS di kawasan.
Tata Kelola Remitansi Buruh Migran Indonesia oleh Pemangku Kepentingan di Tingkat Nasional dan Akar Rumput: Praktik Baik, Peluang dan Tantangan Dewi, Elisabeth Adyiningtyas Satya; Yazid, Sylvia
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.62116

Abstract

This study is intended to provide general descriptions of the actors involved in the management of remittance sent by Indonesian migrant workers from their working abroad. Data was collected through interviewing 2 actors at the national level, a national NGO and a government institution, and 3 actors at the grassroot level, a local NGO, academic, and a community of women migrant workers. The interview is intended to identify the actors involved, their relative position and function within the remittance flow, bad practices that need to be avoided, and best practices that need to be replicated.  This study found that there are still needs for: safe and cheap remittance sending mechanism, remittance is still mainly used for consumption, there is a need for capacity building to assist Indonesian migrant workers to start their own business, and the strong influence of patriarchy culture in the management of remittance sent by women migrant workers. Kajian ini ditujukan untuk memberikan gambaran umum tentang aktor yang terlibat dalam pengelolaan aliran dana yang dikirimkan oleh buruh migran Indonesia sebagai hasil mereka bekerja di luar negeri. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mewawancarai 2 aktor di tingkat nasional, NGO nasional dan badan pemerintah, dan 3 aktor di tingkat akar rumput, NGO lokal, akademisi dan komunitas buruh migran perempuan. Wawancara ditujukan untuk mengetahui siapa aktor yang terlibat, posisi relatif mereka dan fungsi yang mereka jalankan dalam alur remitansi, praktik buruk yang perlu dihindari, dan praktik baik yang patut direplikasi. Penelitian ini menemukan masih diperlukannya mekanisme pengiriman remitansi yang aman dan murah, remitansi masih lebih digunakan untuk kebutuhan konsumsi, diperlukannya capacity building untuk membantu BMI memulai usaha, masih kentalnya budaya patriarki dalam pemanfaatan remitansi yang datang dari buruh migran perempuan.
Securitizing e-Waste: Framing Environmental Issue as a Threat to Human Security Setiawan, Fajar Ajie; Hapsari, Fitriana Putri
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.62115

Abstract

Isu limbah elektronik (e-waste), sebagai akibat pesatnya perkembangan teknologi elektronik dan sering melihat produk-produk elektronik dari sisi komersial yang terlepas dari siklus akhirnya, mendorong revolusi keberadaan limbah ini sebagai masalah global karena praktik pembuangan dan penggunaan ulang yang diterapkan seringkali tidak mengindahkan bahaya yang mungkin terjadi. Hal ini terutama menjadi perhatian di dunia bagian selatan karena adanya perspektif umum bahwa polusi dan limbah dipandang sebagai “harga” dari proses pembangunan, serta terkait juga dengan pandangan bahwa pengelolaan limbah elektronik adalah praktik yang mahal, sulit, dan tidak praktis serta asumsi bahwa lingkungan dan masyarakat dapat dipertahankan di masa depan, yang dengan demikian menunda upaya-upaya preventif. Kurangnya kesadaran akan permasalahan e-waste dari perhatian publik menimbulkan ancaman pada dimensi keamanan manusia. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa mencegah limbah elektronik menjadi isu keamanan utama dapat memberikan keuntungan dengan melakukan sekuritisasi masalah ini sebagai ancaman terhadap keamanan manusia. Tulisan ini akan dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi isu global tentang limbah elektronik dan bagaimana hal itu dapat membahayakan kesehatan dan keamanan manusia pada umumnya. Kerangka sekuritisasi kemudian akan diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan konsep komprehensif keamanan manusia dalam menjelaskan fenomena e-waste, karena dapat mengeksplorasi ranah normatif politik dan di sisi lain juga melakukan pendekatan dari berbagai sudut pandang, yang memungkinkan pemahaman dan solusi multidimensional. The issue of electronic waste (e-waste), as an effect of the rapid development of electronic technology and often view products from the commercial side regardless of its end-cycle, evolved its existence as a global problem because of the implemented disposal and reuse practices are often not heeding the dangers that may be resulted. This is especially a concern in the global south due to general perspective that pollution and waste is seen as the price of development, which also linked to the view that the management of electronic waste is a costly, difficult, and impractical practice as well as assumption that the environment and society can be maintained in the future. The omission of e-waste issue from public concern raises an impending threat to human security dimension. This paper argues that preventing e-waste from becoming a major security issue may benefit from securitizing the issue as a threat to human security. This paper will start by identifying the global issue of e-waste and how it can harm human’s health and security in general. Securitization framework will then be implemented using the comprehensive concept of human security in explaining the e-waste phenomenon since it explores the normative realm of politics while also a multi-faceted approach, enabling multidimensional understanding and solutions. 
Vladimir Putin dan Dekonstruksi Soft Power Rusia alfarauqi, Mohamad dziqie aulia
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.62113

Abstract

Vladimir Putin is a figure behind Russian intelligence after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Putin proved to be able to instill political and economic stability in the country and be able to stay on the peak of Russia's leadership for more than 15 years. One feature of Russia's foreign policy is the control of mass media and propaganda that gives Putin the power of public opinion. This condition is known as Russian soft power. This paper argues that Russia has made a deconstruction of its concept of soft power. Using the Postmodernism perspective, this paper seeks to see the deconstruction of soft power concept by Vladimir Putin. The conclusion of this research is in Putin's position of practicing the concept of soft power with a different style from the concept of soft power by Joseph Nye. He saw that the concept of soft power should be detached from the hegemony of United State and the west and must be in line with the national security of Russia so that it has implications for the policy against US hegemony
Building Maritime Domain Awareness as an Essential Element of the Global Maritime Fulcrum: Challenges and Prospects for Indonesia’s Maritime Security Agastia, I Gusti Bagus Dharma; Perwita, Anak Agung Banyu
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 6, No 1 (2017): April
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.61109

Abstract

The Global Maritime Fulcrum has been an essential cornerstone of Indonesian foreign and domestic policy for the Joko Widodo administration. It envisions Indonesia as a regional maritime power capable of providing maritime security within its territorial waters and within the Indo-Pacific region. It also captures Indonesia’s ambition to boost its maritime economy. The Joko Widodo administration has been building the Global Maritime Fulcrum for three years. Though physical development has indeed been remarkable, there has been a lack of a focus on developing maritime domain awareness, or MDA. As an essential foundation of maritime policy, it is important that a state invests in ensuring adequate MDA-building capacities to guide its maritime policy. Without proper MDA, it would be difficult for maritime stakeholders to allocate and prioritise maritime resources to the key areas of concern of the Global Maritime Fulcrum.This paper constructs a framework of MDA, which is used to examine the issues with Indonesia’s MDA-building process at three levels: strategic, operational, and technical. It identifies three issues, namely a lack of capacity to conduct sustained MDA operations, a lack of inter-agency coordination, and the problem of maritime ‘sense-making’. Several policy recommendations aimed at increasing Indonesia’s capacity to build MDA are proposed at the end.
Pengelolaan Perbatasan dan Hubungan Antaretnis di Bengkayang Pamungkas, Cahyo
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.62110

Abstract

This article aims to describe the cultural dimension in the management of territorial border between Indonesia and Malaysia in Bengkayang. To explain the cultural approach, this article shed a light on the history of the border between Indonesia and Malaysia, problems of socio-cultural appeared in the border, and border management approach accommodating to the interests of cultural communities. This article is resulted from a field research in Bengkayang, West Kalimantan in 2015. Findings of this study conclude that the political approach in viewing border issue is not in accordance with the dynamics of inter-ethnic relations. The cultural dimension is often forgotten in the political analysis of border management due to the state border, in the conventional approach, is seen as a political borderline.Tulisan ini merupakan suatu deskripsi mengenai dimensi sosial-kebudayaan dalam pengelolaan perbatasan darat RI-Malaysia di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Pertanyaan yang ingin dijawab oleh kajian ini adalah (i) bagaimanakah sejarah pembentukan perbatasan di Kalimantan Barat? (ii) Bagaimanakah persoalan relasi antaretnik di daerah tersebut? Dan (iii) Bagaimana relasi antaretnik tersebut dipengaruhi oleh konflik pada masa lalu? Untuk menjelaskan pendekatan kebudayaan dalam melihat perbatasan, akan diuraikan perubahan perspektif perbatasan, sejarah pembentukan perbatasan, persoalan-persoalan sosial-budaya yang muncul di kawasan perbatasan, dan pendekatan pengelolaan perbatasan yang akomodatif terhadap kepentingan masyarakat perbatasan. Persoalan utama dalam kajian perbatasan adalah masih kuatnya pendekatan keamanan negara dalam pengelolaan perbatasan dan masih diabaikannya realitas kehidupan masyarakat perbatasan yang bersifat kompleks dalam pengelolaan perbatasan. Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian lapangan di Kabupaten Bengkayang Kalimantan Barat pada tahun 2015. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pendekatan politik keamanan yang digunakan dalam melihat persoalan perbatasan kurang sesuai dengan dinamika hubungan antaretnis masyarakat perbatasan yang longgar. Dimensi kebudayaan seringkali dilupakan dalam analisis politik pengelolaan perbatasan karena perbatasan negara, dalam pendekatan konvensional, dipandang sebagai garis perbatasan politik.
RSPO, ISPO and Global Environmental Governance: An English School Perspective Yani, Yanyan Mochamad; Robertua, Verdinand
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 6, No 1 (2017): April
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.61108

Abstract

This is a theoretical and conceptual review focusing the role and influence of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in global environmental governance (GEG). This research will use the case of the relationship between Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) and Roundtable Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). RSPO is established in 2004 acted as private self-regulation in standard setting of palm oil trade in accordance with global environmental conservation values. In 2011, Government of Indonesia established ISPO to compete with RSPO. This research aimed to contribute to the development of theory of environmental studies of English School through the reformulation of pluralism and solidarism and to understand the relationship between pluralism and solidarism. This research has three conclusion. Firstly, despite RSPO and ISPO have different characters and procedures but they have similarities in achieving betterment in environmental protection. Secondly, based on the difference between RSPO and ISPO, this research reformulate pluralism and solidarism’s contribution toward environmental studies of English School. Thirdly, global environmental governance is possible to be the middle way concept capturing the coexistence between pluralism and solidarism. 
Playing with Words: The Securitization Construction of “Refugee” in ASEAN Politics Jati, Irawan; Sunderland, Emily
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.62119

Abstract

ASEAN is playing with words among migrant, immigrants, asylum seekers, trafficked people and smuggled people terms to describe the enormous forced human movement from Myanmar. These terms are the representation of ASEAN’S securitization of humanitarian issues. It is unfortunate to see ASEAN unwillingness to entitle the term refugee where all of the necessary aspects are fulfilled. ASEAN has taken a very cautious political linguistic measure by evading the word “refugee” in their political dictionary. This article would like to examine the questions: why and how ASEAN securitized the refugee issue? And what are the political consequences for ASEAN if it keeps standing on its securitization policy? The discussion of this paper will be presented in Constructivist perspective approach. It argues that the construction of refugee in ASEAN is greatly influenced by its values that construct its collective security. In this respect, ASEAN is neglecting its role and identity as the defender of human rights in the region. Consequently, ASEAN’s refusal to comply with the international human rights regime will result in the organization in losing credibility and integrity. 
Colorism, Mimicry, and Beauty Construction in Modern India Wardhani, Baiq; Largis, Era; Dugis, Vinsensio
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 6, No 2 (2017): October
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.62118

Abstract

Colorism adalah bentuk politik warna kulit. Mempertahankan warna berarti melestarikan politik diskriminasi. Di negara pasca-kolonial India, warna kulit menjadi simbol kekayaan dan kelas sosial. Praktik ini terkait dengan globalisasi dan kapitalisme, dan dilestarikan di dalam struktur sosial. Tulisan ini menjelaskan praktik diskriminasi dan penindasan pada wanita poskolonial India yang berdampak pada perubahan cara berpikir dan identifikasi diri terkait dengan warna kulit. Penulis berpendapat bahwa banyak wanita di negara poskolonial berasumsi bahwa warna kulit menentukan status sosial dengan menginternalisasi keyakinan bahwa orang kulit putih lebih disukai secara sosial. Sejalan dengan asumsi dalam studi poskolonial yang menempatkan masyarakat adat sebagai subyek perifer. Persoalan kompleks yang diciptakan selama era kolonial pada dasarnya tidak lenyap di era poskolonial. Salah satu konsekuensi dari mengubah identifikasi diri adalah munculnya pewarnaan kulit dalam bentuk pemutihan kulit, yang kemudian menjadi fenomena umum yang berkembang di negara-negara berpenduduk kulit berwarna yang memiliki sejarah kolonialisme Barat. Penggunaan pemutih kulit yang meluas oleh perempuan dan laki-laki di negara-negara berkulit berwarna adalah keberhasilan kapitalisme dalam mengeksploitasi kepercayaan diri yang rendah di antara orang-orang dari negara-negara kulit berwarna. Standar kecantikan Barat adalah bentuk kekerasan struktural dengan cara menghilangkan karakteristik budaya unik dengan mengubah gagasan bahwa putih adalah warna yang ideal. Colorism is a politics of skin color. Maintaining color is preserving the politics of discrimination. However, in the post-colonial country of India, skin color is a symbol of wealth and social class. This practice is related to globalization and capitalism, and is preserved in social structures. This paper explains the practices of discrimination and oppression in Indian postcolonial women that have an impact on changing ways of thinking and self-identification related to skin color. We argue that many women in the postcolonial state adopt the assumption that skin color determines social status by internalizing the belief that whites are socially preferred that justifies a key element in the post-colonial study on the observation of the process by which indigenous peoples are placed as peripheral subjects. The complex inferiority created during the colonial era basically does not disappear in the postcolonial era. One consequence of changing self-identification is the emergence of colorism in the form of skin bleaching, which then becomes a common phenomenon that develops in colored populated countries that have Western history. The widespread use of whitening skins by female and male in non-white skinned countries is the success of capitalism in exploiting poor self-confidence among the people of the colored nations. Western beauty standards are a form of structural violence since they have removed the unique cultural characteristics by changing the idea that white is the ideal color.
Harmonisasi Sosial Masyarakat Perbatasan Indonesia-Malaysia Suwartiningsih, Sri; Samiyono, David; Purnomo, Daru
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 7, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.71120

Abstract

Indonesia is a country that symbolizes plurality. The horizontal conflicts caused by ethnicity, race, and religion show that there is a crisis of national integration and social disharmony within the country. Conflicts in several regions in Indonesia provoked by several things, namely, lack of empathy, tolerance, and trust. However, this is different from what was shown in the border communities in Kalimantan. The result of the research which was conducted in April to June 2015 showed that the people in Indonesia-Malaysia border (especially in districts Jagoi Babang) were able to respect one another in the context of national integration. Living side by side despite their different citizenship is the evidence that they have mutual interaction in many fields such as the economy, education, and health. This condition creates social harmony among those communities. The main reason is that they feel as one family (kinship) under Dayak Bidayuh descent. This sense of belonging is as the result of local wisdom which is still being conducted among them, called ritual Gawai.

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