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Majalah Obat Tradisional

TradMedJ
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14105918 EISSN : 24069086 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

raditional Medicine Journal (Majalah Obat Tradisional), or Trad. Med. J. (ISSN 1410-5918 (print) and ISSN 2406-9086 (online)), is an international scientific journal published by Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, three times annually. Collaborating with Indonesian Pharmacist Association, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, and we dedicate our journal to researches and development in traditional medicine. The journal receives papers on research laboratory, field research, and case studies of traditional medicine and its constituent, covering research topics including raw materials, cultivation, phytochemical, pharmacological effects and toxicology, formulation, and biotechnology.

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Articles 564 Documents

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FORMULASI TABLET EFFERVESCENT EKSTRAK RIMPANG JAHE EMPRIT (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) DENGAN VARIASI KADAR ASAM SITRAT DAN ASAM TARTRAT Mufrod Mufrod; Sekararum Diah Kartikasari; Yosi Bayu Murti
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 20, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) has efficacy as an anti-emetic. Ginger rhizome is usually consumed as instant beverages, so that need to be made into a dosage form that more effective, efficient and attractive. This research aims to formulate ginger into effervescent tablets by using variation of the levels of citric acid and tartaric acid. Dried extract of ginger was made with percolation method using ethanol 70% and evaporated using spray dryer. Extract was made for 5 formulas with variation of acid source using smelting method. Granules were tested its physical properties include flow time, tap index, angle of repose, water absorption, compactibility, mass density, water content, and total phenolic level. Granules were compressed become tablets and tested for physical properties include weight uniformity, friability, hardness, dissolve time, flavor response test and total phenolic level. Data were analyzed with Anova One Way using 95% confidence level. The result shown that formula III was the best formula because it meets the physical requirements of granules and tablets. While the formula V (100% tartaric acid) was a formula that provides the greatest stability phenolic levels.

FLAVONOID PROFILE OF Clitoria ternatea Linn Selvamaleeswaran Ponnusamy; Wesely Ebenezer Gnanaraj; Johnson Marimuthu Antonisamy
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 19, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The present study was aimed to reveal the flavonoid profile of Clitoria ternatea L leaves, stem and seeds using the HPTLC analysis. The powdered leaves, stem and seed samples were extracted with 150 mL of methanol for 8-12 h by using the Soxhlet apparatus. The Ethyl acetate-butanone-formic acid-water (5:3:1:1) was employed as mobile phase for flavonoids. The developed plate was sprayed with 1% ethanolic aluminium chloride as spray reagent and dried at 100°C in hot air oven for 2min. The plate was photo-documented at UV 366 nm and daylight using Photo-documentation chamber.The methanolic extract of stem, leaves and seeds of Clitoria ternatea showed the presence of 24 bands with 18 different Rf values with range 0.01 to 0.96. Out of 24 bands, 10 bands with seven Rf values viz., 0.04, 0.10, 0.28, 0.37, 0.49, 0.65 and 0.85 were idenified as flavonoids, the other bands were noted as unknown metabolites. Developed HPTLC chromatogram of Clitoria ternatea methanolic extracts of vegetative and reproductive parts could be used efficiently for identification, and quality assessment of the plant in the pharmaceutical industries. These profiles may used as chemical marker to solve plant systematic problems.

EFEK HIPOURISEMIA EKSTRAK ETANOL AKAR TUMBUHAN TUNJUK LANGIT (Helminthostachys zaylanica Linn Hook) TERHADAP MENCIT JANTAN GALUR SWISS Fitrya Fitrya; Muharni Muharni
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 19, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Tunjuk langit (Helminthostachys zeylanica) rhizome has been used as traditional medicines. i.e. anticancer and antiinflammation. Other studies revealed that the rhizome of tunjuk langit has antioxidant, anticancer, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. The main purpose of this research is to understand the hipouricemia potency of ethanol extract of tunjuk langit compared to that of alopurinol. In this study, 50 mice were divided into 10 groups (n=5 per group). Group I: normal group (CMC-Na 0.5% with dose of 10 mL/kg BB), Group II : negative control, Group III-VI : positive control (alopurinol with doses of 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg BB) and VII-X : Ethanol extract with doses of 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg BB. These groups were treated for 30 days. The uric acid level of their blood was measured on the day-0 and these groups were then inducted with a mixture of chicken liver juice (25 ml/kg BW 2 times/days) and Gnetum gnemon seeds (2g/kg BW per day) from day-0 until day-30. The blood uric acid levels were measured on the 10th and 15th days. Extract tests were orally injected to the groups with each dose starting from the 15th day until 30th day. Meanwhile, chicken liver juice was also still given constantly within these days. The uric acid level and the percentage of its degradation of each group were measured on the 20th, 25th and 30th days. Based on the in vivo study, it could be concluded that the ethanol extract of Tunjuk langit has hipouricemia potency. The hipouricemia effects of ethanol extract with doses of 80 and 160 mg/kg BW are 91.95% and 91.77% compared to those of allopurinol with doses of 20 and 40 mg/kgBW, respectively. Based on relation between percentage of the degradation uric acid level and the extract concentration, ED50 value of the extract is 135.76 mg/kg BW.

AKTIVITAS SITOTOKSIK EKSTRAK ETANOLIK DAUN ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill.) PADA SEL KANKER LEHER RAHIM HeLa Ana Mardiyaningsih; Nur Ismiyati
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 19, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancer in women. The high mortality rate indicates that chemotherapy has not overcome cancer disease. Strategies and development of cervical cancer treatment should be pursued. Avocado leaf (Persea americana Mill) is one of natural product that had antioxidant activity by scavenging radicals and cytotoxic activity. The aim of the study was to identify the cytotoxic activity on HeLa cervix cancer cells and to identify the chemical subtance groups of avocado leaves ethanol extract as chemopreventive agent. Active contents of avocado leaves was extracted by maceration with 96% ethanol. Chromatographic test were done to identify the chemical substances of avocado extract. Cytotoxic activity of avocado leaves ethanol extract was measured using MTT assay. The result of the phytochemical screening with thin layer chromatography test showed that the extract of avocado leaf contained flavonoids, alcaloids, and saponin. Avocado leaves ethanol extract inhibited HeLa cell growth with the IC50 of 360 µg/mL. Morphology of Hela cell showed that extract inhibited cell growth in dose dependent.

OPTIMASI EKSTRAKSI AMPAS TEH HIJAU (Camellia sinensis) MENGGUNAKAN METODE MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION UNTUK MENGHASILKAN EKSTRAK TEH HIJAU Dwi Handayani; Abdul Mun’im; Anna S. Ranti
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 19, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Indonesia has a great wealth of biodiversity, but unfortunately the natural resources has been little studied and used in the therapy. One of the plants, grown in Indonesia is tea. Tea waste is waste from the tea industry, is quite a lot and has not been used optimally. This study aims to obtain the most effective green tea waste extraction conditions using MAE (Microwave Extraction Assisted) to produce green tea extract that has antioxidant optimum. From the research, the optimum MAE conditions are 450 W power, 60% ethanol, solid solvent comparison 1: 8 and 8 minutes extraction to produce extracts with optimum levels of polyphenols. Extracts obtained have moisture content of 7.83%, pH 5.5, and total polyphenols, total flavonoids, gallic acid, catechin, EGCG and caffeine respectively by 7.1%, 1.04%, 2.76%; 0.83%, 5.18% and 1.03%. Compared with the existing reference, extracts obtained qualify as cosmetic raw materials.

EFEK PENGHAMBATAN EKSTRAK N-HEKSANA BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia L.) TERHADAP REAKSI ANAFILAKSIS KUTANEUS AKTIF PADA TIKUS WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI VAKSIN HEPATITIS B Ediati Sasmito; Agung Endro Nugroho; Yose V. Sagala
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 19, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is one of medicinal plants that are commonly known for its medical treatment usage. Noni is reported for the pharmacological effects, including analgesic, antihypertensive and immunomodulator. This research aims to prove that the n-hexane extract of noni fruits can inhibit active cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in male wistar rats induced hepatitis B vaccine. This research used an active cutaneous anaphylaxis methode followed by hystopathological observation. Active cutaneous anaphylaxis test was done for 2 weeks. Test animals were divided into five groups: untreated control, treatment with n-hexane extract of noni dose of 50mg, 100mg dan 200mg/kgBW rats, and cromolyn treated group with dose of 2. mg/kg BW rats as positive control. Animals were sensitized 2times (once every week) with hepatitis B vaccine (dose of 145µg/kgBW) subcutaneously on the back. In the second week, random four rats of each groups were sacrificed and the skin tissues and livers were taken. Tissues were created as histopathology preparations with hematoxyllin-eosin coloring. The presence of anaphylaxis reactions, shown by inflammatory cell infiltration, were observed from the histopathology preparations. The result of this research showed that the administration of n-hexane extract of noni fruits treatment dose of 50mg, 100mg, and 200mg/kgBW on male Wistar rats induced hepatitis B vaccine can inhibit active cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction.

PERBANDINGAN METODE EKSTRAKSI DAN VARIASI PELARUT TERHADAP RENDEMEN DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK KUBIS UNGU (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra) Rima Yulia Senja; Elisa Issusilaningtyas; Akhmad Kharis Nugroho; Erna Prawita Setyowati
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 19, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Var. Capitata f. rubra) has a high anthocyanin content therefore it can be potential as a natural antioxidant. In this research, the antioxidant activity of the red cabbage extract was evaluated quantitatively with a spectroscopy method using DPPH reagent to obtain the value of IC50 . This research was divided into 2 stages. First, the influence of solvent variant to the extract yield of red cabbage powder and the maximum wavelength (λ) using a maceration protocol. The kind of solvent (70%, 80%, 95%, and 96% of ethanol) with addition 3% of citric acid. Second, the influence of extraction methods in neutral condition to the antioxidant activity. The results show the red cabbage powder maceration with 96% ethanol solvent (acid condition) exhibits the highest yield. The fresh red cabbage soxhletation with 96% ethanol (neutral condition) exhibits 288,5 nm maximum wavelength (λ) and 168,78 mg/mL of IC50 value.

PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS ANTIJAMUR CANDIDA ALBICANS SALEP MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN SIRIH (Piper bettle LINN.) MELALUI PEMBENTUKAN KOMPLEKS INKLUSI DENGAN B-SIKLODEKSTRIN Ika Yuni Astuti; Dwi Hartanti; Ani Aminiati
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 15, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The Piper betle leaf essential oil have antimicrobial activity to Candida albicans (Wirna, 2006). However, the essential oil is unstable to high temperature, light, and oxygen. One approach to improve the stability and facilitate in developing various dosage forms is by preparing the essential oil in complex inclusion using β-cyclodextrin (Szejtli, 1989). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of inclusion complex formation of the Piper betle leaf essential oil in b-cyclodextrin formulated to polyethylene glicol ointment to antifungal candida albicans activity. The essential oil of Piper betle leaf was isolated by destillation. The inclusion complex of the essential oil - β-cyclodextrin was prepared by coprecipitation of the essential oil : β- cyclodextrin 1:1 (w/w). The inclusion complex formation was studied with thin layer chromatography (TLC) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). In the TLC, sillica gel was used as solid phase, whereas toluen-ethyl acetate (7:3) and methanol-water (7:3) was used as mobile phase, then the Rf value of the essential oil and inclusion complex was compared. The XRD pattern of β-cyclodextrin, physical mixtures and inclusion complex was compared, too. Then, the polyethylene glicol ointment of the essential oil and inclusion complex was prepared. The physical properties and antifungal activity was compared. The TLC result showed that the essential oil of Piper betle leaf with methanol-water (7:3) as mobile phase had Rf 0,69 and the inclusion complex had Rf 0,81. With toluen-ethyl acetate (7:3), Rf of the essential oil were 0,63; 0,73; 0,85, whereas the inclusion complex were 0,66; 0,80, and 0,91. The powder XRD analysis showed that the pattern of β-cyclodextrin, physical mixture and inclusion complex were different. The differences of Rf from TLC and XRD patterns were showed that the Piper betle leaf essential oil was complexed with β cyclodextrin. The physical properties studies showed that the homogenity of both formulation was good. The inclusion complex ointment had spreading property, adhering property and antifungal activity which better than the essential oil ointment. The potency of antifungal activity of the inclusion complex of the essential oil - β-cyclodextrin was not significant different than miconazol ointment.

FORMULASI SEDIAAN LOSION ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK AIR DAUN TEH HIJAU (Camellia sinensis L.) Fahrauk Faramayuda; Fikri Alatas; Yesi Desmiaty
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 15, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The research about lotion dosage formulation that contain green tea leaf water extract with concentration 0.0002%, 0.002%, 0,02%, and 8.6% had been done. The basic of the EC50 value. Which calculated from linierity regression equation between tested solution concentration and scavenging percent. The lotion formulation began with lotion base orientation included organoleptic, homogeinity, pH, and viscosity. It showed that lotion base with glyceryl monostearate 5.5% have the best pH stability, viscosity, and consistency. Evaluation of lotion dosage include physical evaluation (organoleptic, homogeinity, viscosity and stability) and chemical evalution (pH and the stability of lotion antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity stability evaluation of lotion with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl solution using spectrophotometri UV-Visible showed, that formula which contain 0.02% and 8.6% green tea leaf water extract gave the best radical scavenging activity and stable during storage.

AKTIVITAS SEDIAAN SALEP EKSTRAK BATANG POHON PISANG AMBON (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum) DALAM PROSES PERSEMBUHAN LUKA PADA MENCIT (Mus musculus albinus) Bayu Febram; Ietje Wientarsih; Bambang Pontjo
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 15, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The objective of the present research is to study the activity of banana stem extract in ointment solutions in the acceleration of wound healing process on mice skins. Totally of 45 mice strain DDY 4-6 weeks old were devided in negativecontrol group (placebo ointment), positive control group (Betadine® ointment) and Ambon banana stem extract ointment.All mice were aseptically wounded 1-1,5 cm in the anterior region of back skin using a sterile scalpel. The wound wassmeared with the ointment. The pathology anatomy observations was done inday 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 post wounded. Parameters of the gross lesions (pathology anatomy) observations warecolour of the wound, blood coagulations, scab formations and size of the wound. Parameter for (microscopic lesions) histopathology were infiltrations of inflammatory cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes,macrofages), neo-capillarizations, re-epitelization percentage and the thickness of fibroblast. All quantitative data were measure using ANOVA and continue with Duncan Test, moreover, the qualitative data were presented descriptively. The result shows that gross lesions observations, the extract ointment group was faster in scab formations and covers the wound without trace compared to the negative control group. The statistical test on the infiltrations of inflammatory cells parameter of the extract ointment group significantly different (P<0.05) compared to the negative control group. Histopatologycal observations shows that Ambon banana stem extract in ointment solutions can increase the infiltrations of inflammatory cells, neo-capillary formations, re-epitelizations percentage andacceleration of fibroblast formations. Base on the result the Ambon banana stems extract in ointment solutions can accelerate the wound healing process and it seems that this solution could be developed and uses for the medical purposes.

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