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INDONESIA
Jurnal Florea
Published by Universitas PGRI Madiun
ISSN : 23556102     EISSN : 25020404     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Florea: Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya with registered number ISSN 2355-6102 (Print); ISSN 2502-0404 (Online) is scientific journals which publish articles from the fields of biology and biology education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 305 Documents
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Analysis of the Implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum in Biology Learning in Class X MAN 1 North Labuhanbatu Academic Year 2025/2026 Erni Syahputri Br Panjaitan
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i3.24173

Abstract

The Merdeka Curriculum is an educational policy designed to improve the quality of learning through a student-centered, flexible, and contextual approach, while strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students. In Biology learning, the Merdeka Curriculum emphasizes the selection of essential content, the implementation of project-based learning, and the use of diagnostic, formative, and summative assessments. However, its implementation in educational institutions still faces various challenges, particularly related to teachers’ readiness, the availability of facilities and infrastructure, and students’ ability to adapt to independent and project-based learning. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Biology learning for Grade X students at MAN 1 Labuhanbatu Utara in the 2025/2026 academic year, focusing on planning, implementation, and evaluation aspects. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach. The research subjects included Biology teachers and Grade X students at MAN 1 Labuhanbatu Utara. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Based on the observation results, the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in Biology learning for class X at MAN 1 Labuhanbatu Utara shows that the learning planning aspect is in the good category with an achievement level of around 85%, although there are still obstacles in the preparation of the Learning Objective Flow and teaching modules. The implementation of learning is also in the good category with an implementation percentage of around 80%, where teachers have carried out preliminary, core, and closing activities according to the principles of the Independent Curriculum, but the implementation of project-based learning and the use of technology has not been optimal. Meanwhile, learning evaluation is in the fairly good category with a percentage of around 78%, because although diagnostic, formative, and summative assessments have been implemented, their implementation has not been carried out consistently. Overall, the quantitative data shows that the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in Biology learning has gone well, but still requires improvement in several aspects. Overall, the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Biology learning has been conducted quite well, but further improvement is needed through strengthening teachers’ competencies and providing adequate supporting learning facilities.
Biodegradation of Microplastics Using Indigenous Gram-Positive and Negative Isolates in Jenes River Alanindra Saputra; Dhiya’ Choirunnisa Azmi; Endah Pratiwi; Riannisa Shafira; Dwika Sarnia Putri; Putri Agustina
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i3.24395

Abstract

Jenes River is one of the rivers that pass through various textile industries and residential areas in Solo. The high level of industrial activities potentially contributes to microplastics from fabric fibers and plastic containers. The study aims to solve the microplastic problem through the potential for biodegradation by microbes in Jenes River. Considering residents high activity, samples were taken from the three stations during the day. Sampling was done with a plankton net and microplastic identification was carried out by microscopy structure and FTIR test to determine its polymerization. Microbial identification was carried out through gram staining after isolation, purification, and inoculation. The biodegradation test was held in a laboratory scale using macroplastics. The results showed the upstream station was contaminated by fiber microplastic pollution of 300 particles/10 liters, middle 400 particles/10 liters, and downstream 300 particles/10 liters. Fragments were also found in the upstream and middle stations at 200 particles/10 liters, while in the downstream at 100 particles/10 liters. The results of microbial identification also found gram-positive and negative bacteria at the middle station that have potential for biodegradation as measured by the deviation of the initial and final sizes of macroplastics used as research objects.
Innovation in Biology Learning Materials Through Conventional Biotechnology E-Worksheet in a Simple Laboratory Experiment on The Production of Arabica Coffee Kombucha (Coffea arabica) Ni'matur Rohma; Sunaryo; Pramita Laksitarahmi Isrianto
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i3.24399

Abstract

E-Worksheet is an electronic teaching material designed to guide students in learning activities in a systematic, interactive, and digital technology based manner. The use of E-Worksheet in learning plays an important role in increasing student engagement, especially in practical activities that require independent understanding of concepts and work procedures. This study aims to innovate learning media through the development of E-Worksheet in simple practical activities of making Arabica coffee kombucha. The research method used is research and development with the ADDIE model. The results showed that the developed ELKS had a very good level of feasibility. Media expert validation obtained a percentage of 100% and 90% with feasible criteria, while material expert validation obtained a percentage of 84% and 95% with feasible criteria accompanied by several suggestions for improvement. After improvements were made, the E-Worksheet was implemented in biology lessons on biotechnology and received a 93% response rate from students, categorized as very positive. These results indicate that the developed E-Worksheet is easy to use and effective in supporting the learning process.
Diversity and Abundance of Dragonfly Species in Guwosari Area, Bantul, Yogyakarta ardyan Pramudya Kurniawan; Novi Salsabila; Bintang Jalu Rais Al-Amin
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i3.24430

Abstract

Indonesia is a country with high biodiversity, including dragonflies (Odonata), which act as natural predators of insects and as bioindicators of environmental quality. This study aims to identify the types of dragonflies and analyse their diversity and abundance in the Guwosari area, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The research was conducted in March–June 2022 using the point calculation method. Data analysis used the Shannon-Wiener index, equilibrium, and Simpson's dominance. The study found 17 species of Odonata across 6 families, totalling 192 individuals. The Libellulidae family has the highest species richness, which is 11 species. The most abundant species is Orthetrum sabina (81 individuals), followed by Heliocypha fenestrata, Agriocnemis femina, Prodasineura autumnalis, and Copera marginipes. An H' value of 1.918 indicates moderate diversity, an E value of 0.68 indicates relatively high evenness, and a D value of 0.771 indicates the dominance of certain species, especially O. sabina. All species found are listed as Least Concern. The results of this study show that the Guwosari area still supports the dragonfly population and has significant potential to maintain biodiversity.
The Effects of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Microplastic Concentrations on the Growth and Nutritional Composition of Spinach (Amaranthus sp.) Eko Hartini; Adian Khoironi; Dilean Zeva Balistyadhana
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i3.24518

Abstract

Microplastic contamination has emerged as a global environmental issue, with growing evidence of its presence in water, soil, and air systems. However, the effects of microplastics on plant growth and nutrient composition, particularly in leafy vegetables such as spinach (Amaranthus sp.), remain underexplored. This study evaluated the effects of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastics on the growth and nutritional composition of spinach. An exploratory pot experiment was conducted using PET microplastic concentrations of 0, 10, 15, and 20 g per 3 kg of Andosol soil. Plant height, leaf number, and root length were recorded, while moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate contents were determined through proximate analysis. The highest plant height, leaf number, and root length were observed at the 20 g PET treatment. Moisture content decreased at 10 and 15 g before slightly increasing at 20 g, whereas ash and lipid contents showed only minor variations across treatments. Protein content was highest at 10 g, while carbohydrate content increased at 10 and 15 g before declining at 20 g. These findings provide experimental evidence that PET microplastics are associated with changes in spinach growth and proximate composition, contributing to a better understanding of the potential implications of microplastic contamination for edible crop quality and sustainable agricultural systems.
Light Intensity Drives Non-linear Behavioral Regimes in Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Linking Locomotor Activity and Behavioral Fragmentation Yadi Oktariansyah; Mustafa Kamal; Enggri Amanda Putri; Cahya Septiani; Rati Ester Sitorus; Juli Riska Amelia; Fanessa Wasty Silalahi; M. Ihsan Rezky Tirta
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i3.24541

Abstract

Light is a fundamental environmental factor shaping animal behavior, yet its role in structuring behavioral regimes across intensity gradients remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of light intensity on locomotor activity and behavioral fragmentation in Danio rerio under controlled experimental conditions. Behavioral responses were quantified using swimming speed and stop frequency, representing locomotor intensity and behavioral fragmentation, respectively. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models, generalized linear mixed models, polynomial regression, and random forest classification. All light treatments significantly increased swimming speed relative to the control (p < 0.001), with the strongest response observed under white LED illumination. At the same time, stop frequency decreased significantly under illuminated conditions, particularly under red light (p < 0.01). Polynomial regression revealed a strong non-linear relationship between light intensity and swimming speed (R² = 0.57, p < 0.001), whereas stop frequency showed no significant intensity-dependent trend. Random forest analysis identified light intensity as the most influential predictor of behavioral state. Behavioral classification further revealed distinct hypoactive, efficient, hyperactive, and fragmented regimes across the light-intensity gradient. These findings demonstrate that light intensity structures discrete non-linear behavioral regimes rather than simple linear responses in zebrafish
Exploration of Thermophilic Keratinolytic Bacteria from Air Putih Hot Spring, Bengkulu, for Poultry Feather Bioconversion Muharni; Nera Isya Oktaviani; Khairatul Khasanah; Yadi Oktariansyah; Yuniar Harvianti yuniarharvianti
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i3.24554

Abstract

Rapid growth of Indonesia’s poultry sector has increased the accumulation of feather waste composed of recalcitrant keratin. This study represents the first exploration of thermophilic keratinolytic bacteria from the unexplored Air Putih Hot Spring, Lebong, Bengkulu, Indonesia, and evaluates their keratinase activity for poultry feather bioconversion. Isolates AAL2, AAL3, ABL3, and SCL2 were screened on feather-based keratin agar at 50 °C for 48 h. Keratinolytic activity was evaluated qualitatively using the keratinolytic index (KI) and quantitatively using the Folin method. Morphological characterization and molecular identification using 16S rRNA sequencing, BLAST, and Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic analysis were performed. All isolates produced clear zones, with isolate AAL3 showing the highest KI value (2.8). Keratinase activities were 1.0074 U/mL (AAL3), 0.5931 U/mL (AAL2), 0.7493 U/mL (ABL3), and 0.9527 U/mL (SCL2). All isolates were identified as Gram-positive, endospore-forming bacilli belonging to the genus Bacillus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that AAL2 was closely related to Bacillus mojavensis, while AAL3, ABL3, and SCL2 were closely related to Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 14580. These findings demonstrate the potential of thermophilic keratinolytic bacteria for sustainable feather waste bioconversion, amino-acid-rich hydrolysate production, and environmentally friendly biomaterial development supporting circular economy-based waste management.
Effect of Antioxidant Lycopene in Tomato Fruit (Lycopersicum esculentum) on Spermatozoa Syuhriatin; Slamet Mardiyanto Rahayu
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i3.24666

Abstract

Sperm quality in Bali cattle (Bos sondaicus) is significantly influenced by a complex interaction between internal factors (genetics and physiology) and external factors (environment and management). Genetically, the reproductive efficiency of B. sondaicus can vary between individuals, while physiological factors include age, health status, and nutritional conditions, which significantly determine the energy sufficiency required for spermatogenesis. Environmental factors, particularly heat stress due to tropical climates, are a major constraint that can reduce sperm motility and membrane integrity due to uncontrolled increases in testicular temperature. Furthermore, husbandry management, including irregular semen collection frequency, microbial contamination, and micronutrient deficiencies (such as zinc and selenium) in feed, play a crucial role in determining the volume, concentration, and viability of sperm produced. This study aims to determine the antioxidant effect of tomato fruit lycopene (Lycopersicum esculentum) on spermatozoa. This study used semen from a 3.5-year-old B. sondaicus collected using an artificial vagina. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with three factors: semen layer variation, tomato lycopene concentration (0%–20%), and storage time (1–6 days). Sixty treatment combinations were replicated six times, resulting in a total of 360 experimental units. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the addition of the antioxidant lycopene from tomatoes and separation using the swim-up method had no significant effect (P>0.05) on spermatozoa normality and abnormalities. The addition of the antioxidant lycopene from tomatoes and separation using the swim-up method did not increase spermatozoa abnormalities, but did not have a negative effect on B. sondaicus spermatozoa.
Bryophyte Diversity in Coban West Malang as a Basis for E-Module Development in the Plant Diversity Course to Enhance Students' Critical Thinking and Collaboration Skills Nida; Sitoresmi Prabaningtyas; Sulisetijono
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i3.25103

Abstract

Critical thinking and collaboration skills among Biology students remain relatively low, while varied teaching materials capable of training both skills are still limited, particularly for bryophyte diversity, a topic that is difficult to understand yet ecologically important and relevant to SDG 15. This study aimed to develop a valid, practical, and effective bryophyte diversity e-module from five waterfalls in West Malang (Coban Talun, Lanang, Rondo, Rais, and Putri) to improve students' critical thinking and collaboration skills. The study combined an exploratory taxonomic method with development research following the Lee and Owens (2004) model through five stages, namely assessment/analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation, using a quasi-experimental Pretest-Posttest Nonequivalent Control Group Design involving 27 experimental and 33 control class students. The exploration identified 18 bryophyte species from three divisions, namely Bryophyta, Marchantiophyta, and Anthocerotophyta. The e-module was rated very valid by material experts (100%) and media experts (90.75%), and practical based on lecturer (94.6%) and student (93.6%) responses. ANCOVA results showed that the e-module had a significant effect on critical thinking skills (Sig. 0.026) and collaboration skills (Sig. 0.008). These findings confirm that the bryophyte diversity e-module is suitable for use as an innovative teaching material in the Plant Diversity course.
The Educational Potential of TPACK-Integrated Vertebrate Zoology Materials for Student Competencies and 21st-Century Skills Nurul Fauziah; Putri Ade Rahma Yulis; Mellisa; Erfina; Diana Molly; Iffa Ichwani Putri; Nurkhairo Hidayati; Ennike Gusti Rahmi
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i3.25170

Abstract

Higher education is expected to prepare prospective teachers who possess not only strong disciplinary knowledge but also the cognitive, affective, and twenty-first-century competencies required to respond to the demands of digital-age education. However, teaching materials that effectively integrate technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge remain relatively limited, creating challenges for achieving these learning outcomes. The present study examined the educational potential of TPACK-integrated vertebrate zoology teaching materials in supporting the cognitive competence, affective competence, and twenty-first-century skills of prospective biology teachers. A quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was employed involving 38 undergraduate students enrolled in the biology education study program at Universitas Islam Riau. Data were collected using cognitive achievement tests, affective observation sheets, and a questionnaire assessing students' twenty-first-century skills. The resulting data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, normalized gain (N-Gain), paired-samples t-test, and Cohen's effect size analysis. Students' mean cognitive score increased from 63.68 before the intervention to 80.03 after the implementation of the TPACK-integrated teaching materials. The observed improvement corresponded to a moderate N-Gain (0.46) and was statistically significant (p < 0.001), while the observed pretest-posttest difference yielded a large standardized effect size (Cohen's d = 1.26). Students also demonstrated excellent affective competence across all assessed indicators, while their twenty-first-century skills were classified as excellent across all four dimensions, with collaboration recording the highest mean score (M = 4.51; 90.2%). Overall, the findings suggest that TPACK-integrated vertebrate zoology teaching materials have educational potential for supporting the cognitive competence, affective competence, and twenty-first-century skills of prospective biology teachers.

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