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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 706 Documents

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ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF KALANCHOE PINNATA LEAVES IN ALLOXAN INDUCED HYPERGLYCAEMIC RATS. Indah DD
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 27 No 3, 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Diabetes remains a major burden in health care both in developed and developing countries. Kalanchoe pinnata has been used as a traditional medicine to treat diabetes. We try to find scientific evidence of antidiabetic activity of Kalanchoe pinnata extract (KPE) through hypoglycemic effect using animal model of diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycaemia was developed in rats using alloxan 150 mg/kgBW. Three days after alloxan injection, rats having fasting blood glucose (FBG) >200 mg/dL were divided into six groups, namely HG (hyperglycaemia), HG+KPE high-dose (hyperglycaemia+KPE 33.2 mg/kg), HG+ KPE medium-dose (hyperglycaemia+KPE 11.6 mg/kg), HG+KPE low-dose (hyperglycaemia+ KPE 5.8 mg/kg), standard drug 1 (hyperglycaemia+glibenclamidee 1.35 mg/kg), standard drug 2 (hyperglycaemia+acarbose 13.5 mg/kg). Then, FBG was measured every 5 days recorded as t1, t2, and t3 to determine fluctuations in blood glucose. At the end of the study, rats were sacrified, pancreas was collected and number of pancreatic beta cell langerhans was determined. KPE 11.6 mg/kg showed best hypoglycemic effect and improvement of the number of pancreatic beta cell langerhans. KPE has hypoglycemic effect through improvement of the number of pancreatic beta cell langerhans but not in dose dependent manner.

THE IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF 2-ALKOXYPHENYLCARBAMIC ACID DERIVATIVES CONTAINING A 4´-(SUBSTITUTED PHENYL)PIPERAZIN-1´-YL MOIETY DETERMINED BY THE 2,2´-AZINOBIS(3-ETHYLBENZOTHIAZOLINE-6-SULFONIC ACID) DERIVED RADICAL CATION (ABTS•+) AND FERRIC RE Ivan Malík; Lukáš Stanzel; Jozef Csöllei; Jana Čurillová
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 28 No 1, 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

In an effort to comprehensively characterize an antioxidant profile of 2-alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid-based compounds containing a 4´-(substituted phenyl)piperazin-1´-yl fragment, they were in vitro screened in the 2,2´-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) derived radical cation (ABTS•+) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay using the UV/VIS spectrophotometry. The ABTS•+ scavenging (reducing) potential of 1-[3-(2-methoxyphenylcarbamoyl)oxy-2-hydroxypropyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-ium chloride was found to be the most promising and it was comparable to the efficiency of the carvedilol reference drug. Moreover, that 4´-fluoro group-containing compound was regarded as more active than the atenolol standard. When testing the molecules´ power to reduce the ferric 2,4,6-tris (2-pyridyl)-s-triazine complex [Fe(III)(TPTZ)2]3+, the most prospective was 1-[3-(2-ethoxyphenylcarbamoyl)oxy-2-hydroxypropyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-ium chloride. On the other hand, its Fe3+ reducing power was lower compared to both standards carvedilol and atenolol. The study discussed structure–antioxidant properties relationships considering electronic, steric and lipophilic features.

Evaluation of chromatographic dead times for retention indices determination in RP-HPLC using some homologous series Rinaldi Idroes
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 3, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Dead time that defined as a retention time of unretained substance in the chromatographic coloumn, is needed to determine all retention parameters in coloumn chromatography such as corrected retention time, relative retention time and Kovats Retention Indices.This research reported a comparison between the iteration and linearization of corrected retention times of homologous series such as n-alkane, akylrylketone, alkylbenzene and 2-alkanone. Furthermore the iteration method provides better dead-time values and smaller standard deviations than the linearization method. Moreover, the dead-time calculation obtained according to homologous series is not depending on solvent composition for various homologous series.The n-alkane homologous series show better indication accuracy of fit (S/N) in comparison with other homologous series, thereafter 2-alkanone exhibit the second best adjustment.Keywords: Dead-time evaluation, homologous series, methanol/water solvent, RP-HPLC.

Effects of Probiotics and Vitamin B Supplementation on IFN-γ and IL-12 Levels During Intensive Phase Treatment of Tuberculosis Budi Suprapti; Suharjono Suharjono; Rahmawati Raising; Yulistiani Yulistiani; Zamrotul Izzah; Wenny Putri Nilamsari; Prastuti Asta Wulaningrum; Arief Bachtiar
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 29 No 2, 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Tuberculosis is an acute infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs. Probiotics supplementation can increase the number and activity of NK cell in peripheral blood by modulation of IL-12, thus increasing IFN-γ production by Th1 response. Vitamin B1 acts on macrophages and affects neutrophil motility. Vitamin B6 is associated with the release of cytokines and the responsiveness of NK cells, while vitamin B12 affects to lymphocytes, Tcell proliferation, CD4+ ratios, and NK cell activity. To analyze the effects of probiotics and vitamin B1, B6, B12 supplementation on IFN-γ and IL-12 levels during intensive phase of antituberculosis treatment. The study was pre-post test randomised control by time series. The control group was TB patients with standard therapy of antituberculosis and vitamin B6, while the intervention group was TB patients receiving therapy plus once daily probiotics and vitamin B1, B6, B12supplementation during the intensive phase. Blood samples were withdrawn at baseline, one month, and two months after therapy to measure plasma IFN-γ and IL-12 levels using the ELISA method. Twenty two patients were divided equally into two groups. There was a tendency to greater increase of IFN-γ in the first month of the intervention group, followed by a significant decline after two-month therapy (p < 0.05). In both groups there was a rise in IL-12 levels after one month followed by a decrease in the second month (p > 0.05). However, the percentage was higher in the supplementation group. Adding probiotics and vitamins B1, B6, B12 could improve immune response through IL-12 and IFN-γ modulation during intensive phase therapy.

SYNTHESIS AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF 2,5-BIS(4-BORONIC ACID)BENZYLIDINE CYCLOPENTANONE ON HER2 OVEREXPRESSED-CANCER CELLS Rohmad Yudi Utomo; Herwandhani Putri; Pudjono Pudjono; Ratna Asmah Susidarti; Riris Istighfari Jenie; Edy Meiyanto
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 28 No 2, 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Development of chemotherapeutic agent and boron carrying pharmaceutical based on HER2 specific targeted is important due to its role in enhancing cancer progression. The purpose of this study is to synthesize curcumin analogue, namely Pentagamaboron-0 (PGB-0) or 2,5-bis(4-boronic acid)benzylidine cyclopentanone, and to explore the cytotoxic activity on HER2 overexpressed-cancer cells. MCF-7/HER2 was used as a model of HER2 overexpressed-cancer cells and NIH3T3 as normal cells. PGB-0 bound to ATP binding site of HER2 and EGFR based on molecular docking study. PGB-0 was synthesized resulting in 33% yield and was confirmed by IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and Mass spectroscopy. Based on MTT assay PGB-0 decreased cells viability on MCF-7/HER2 cells with IC50 value of 270 µM but performed no effect on NIH3T3 cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed that PGB-0 increased sub-G1 accumulation. PGB-0 decreased HER2 expression in a dose-dependent manner. We conclude that the new compound PGB-0 inhibits cell growth through cell death induction and decreased HER2 expression. Thus, PGB-0 is potential to be developed as a chemotherapeutic agent and boron carrying pharmaceutical targeted on the HER2 receptor.

ANTIUROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TAXILLUS TOMENTOSUS PLANT ON ETHYLENE GLYCOL AND AMMONIUM CHLORIDE INDUCED UROLITHIASIS IN WISTAR RATS Kambham Venkateswarlu; Jami Komala Preethi; K. B. Chandrasekhar
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 27 No 2, 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The present study investigates the potential of anti-urolithiatic activity of ethanolic extract of Taxillus tomentosus plant (EETT). Urolithiasis was induced by feeding the 0.75% of Ethylene glycol (EG) and 2% of Ammonium chloride (AC) in drinking water along with the normal feed in male wistar rats and then the anti-urolithiatic activity of EETT was evaluated. Acute toxicity study was conducted by LD50 cutoff dose of 2000mg/kg body weight (BW), indicates that the drug to be much safer and 1/10th (200mg/kg BW) and 1/5th (400mg/kg BW) of LD50 doses were selected for study. Serum and urine samples were analyzed for knowing the concentration of creatinine, calcium, urea, uric acid, oxalates and during the entire study, urolithiatic animals showed significantly high concentrations than normal animals. The EETT (200mg/kg BW and 400mg/kg BW) was showed good response to antiurolithiatic activity when compared to the standard drug cystone (CST).Keywords: anti-urolithiatic activity, taxillus tomentosus, ethylene glyco, ammonium chloride, cystone.

Pharmacokinetic profile of carbamazepine and its metabolites on Javanese and Chinese ethnics in Indonesia Mulyadi Mulyadi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 21 No 1, 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an anticonvulsant widely used for epilepsy treatment. However, it is difficult to establish suitable dosage regimens for this drug because of the variation on its pharmacokinetics profiles. A lot of evidences indicate that ethnic differences may affect pharmacokinetics and hence dosage requirements. The study was conducted to document pharmacokinetic profile of CBZ and its metabolites on Javanese and Chinese ethnics in Indonesia. The study was carried out in 26 Javanese and 24 Chinese ethnics healthy volunteers, Blood samples were collected serially. Carbamazepine and its metabolites was assayed by HPLC. The results showed that no significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters were observed between both ethnics. The values of AUC0-~, Cmax, Tmax, and t1/2 CBZ on Javanese ethnic are 652.44 ± 254.79 µg/mL.h, 8.93 ± 3.58 µg/mL, 11.53 ± 2.16 h, and 43.70 ± 12.50 h respectively, while on Chinese ethnic are 830.27 ± 809.57 µg/mL.h, 13.29 ± 17.46 µg/mL, 9.97 ± 2,90 h, and 41.27 ± 13.50 h, respectively. However, a significant interindividual variation in CBZ metabolism was observed in both ethnics as shown in its large variation in metabolic ratio. The metabolic 10,11-epoxide CBZ and trans-10,11 CBZ concentration ratio on Javanese ethnic are 0.07 ± 0.03 and 0.13 ± 0.14, while on Chinese ethnic are 0.35 ± 0.99 and 0.14 ± 0.11. It can be concluded, that the pharmacokinetic of CBZ and its metabolites on Javenes ethnic is not different compared to Chinese ethnic. In addition, there is a significant interindividual variation in pharmacokinetics profile on both ethnics. Key words : Carbamazepine, Javanese, Chinese, pharmacokinetics, epilepsy

COMPARATIVE STANDARDIZATION OF MARKETED FORMULATIONS OF FERMENTED BIOMEDICINE – ARJUNARISTHA Dheeraj Suhas Randive
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 27 No 4, 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Ayurvedic formulations have proved to be effective in the prevention and treatment of many life-threatening diseases. Asavas and Arishtas have been used as medicine for over 3000 years as appetizer and stimulant. In the present study 6 different marketed brands (Two having different batches) of Arjunarishta were thoroughly evaluated for their organoleptic characteristics and physicochemical parameters, to establish a routine procedure for standardization of these Ayurvedic formulations. The organoleptic tests performed include colour, odour and taste whereas the physicochemical parameters evaluated were pH, Refractive index, Specific gravity, Viscosity, density, surface tension, Water-soluble extractive, Alcohol-soluble extractive Acid value, Alcohol content, by distillation and dichromate oxidation method, Total solid content, Total phenol content, In present communication, a TLC method was developed for the evaluation of Arjunarishta by quantitative estimation of major compound gallic acid and ellagic acid.

Optimization of chitosan, sodium carboxy methyl celulose and magnesium stearat as mucoadhesive system in captopril tablet Eka Irawan
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 4, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used for the treatment of hypertension and some types of congestive heart failure. It has been reported that the duration of antihypertensive action after a single oral dose of captopril is only 6–8 h. Captopril is most stable at acidic condition and as the pH increases, it becomes unstable and undergoes a degradation reaction. These indicates a promising potential of the captopril mucoadhesive system as an alternative to the conventional dosage form. The objective of the current study was to find an optimum formula of mucoadhesive tablet for captopril using factorial design. Tablets were evaluated formucoadhesive strength and drug release profile. The studies were perfomed to establish composition of chitosan, sodium CMC and Mg stearat. Such composition could produce mucoadhesive strength with a zero order releasekinetics. A 23 factorial design has been applied to systematically optimize the formula. The amounts of chitosan (XA), sodium CMC (XB), and Mg stearat (XC)were selected as independent variables. Mucoadhesive strength and dissolution efficiency (DE480) were selected as dependent variables. According the contour plot suggested that optimum formula will be reach mucoadhesive strength (26-30 g) and DE480 (≥70 %) chitosan at low to middle level (20-35 mg), sodium CMC at middle to high level (150-200 mg), and Mg stearat at low to middle level(4-6 mg).Key words : mucoadhesive, factorial design, DE480 , chitosan, CMC Na, Mg stearat, contour plot

In Vitro Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Diabetic Potential Effects of Euphorbia Tithymaloides Ethanol Extract Theresia Galuh Wandita; Najuma Joshi; Joseph Flores dela Cruz; Seong Gu Hwang
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 29 No 1, 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

This research work aims to develop glipizide tablets using Hibiscus rosasinensis leaves mucilage. The mucilage was extracted by using double distilled water and precipitated with ethanol. The precipitated mucilage was dried and grounded into powder. The tablet utilizing the mucilage as excipient was prepared by wet granulation method. The tablets were subjected to various tests. The evaluatory parameters of tablets were found to be within the limits as per United States Pharmacopoeia NF 24/19. FTIR spectrum reveals that there is no incompatibility between the ingredients used. Diabetes was induced in wistar albino rats using streptozotocin and effect of formulation on blood glucose level was determined. It was observed that the formulation could not sustain the release of glipizide. However, the glipizide release was retarded as the amount of mucilage was increased. It was observed that on the completion of antidiabetic study, the formulation could bring the blood glucose level to normal in group rats. However, the blood glucose level was still elevated in group administered with pure gliplizide. It can be concluded that HRM can be used to formulate glipizide tablets. The formulations with HRM shows better hypoglycemic activity and this may be attributed to antidiabetic activity of Hibiscus rosasinensis.

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