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Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology

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Articles 366 Documents

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HAS ANGER 1000 FACES? HOW CONSISTENT ARE THE FACIAL EMG PATTERNS OF DIFFERENT METHODS TO ELICIT FACIAL ANGER EXPRESSION OF VARYING INTENSITIES? Rolko, Claudia; Eichstaedt, Jan; Dahme, Gisela; Dahme, Bernhard
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 29, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Do the usual methods to elicit angry faces yield the same EMG patterns and are the EMG activations of weakly angry faces weaker than those of intensely angry ones? 23 males were asked (1) to imagine 6 vignettes with family conflict situations (3 eliciting weak, 3 eliciting intense anger), (2) first to assess for 30 new conflict situations in the family, anger intensity and how each vignette fits their own family situation and then to imagine those 6 ones, that - for each participant - were extreme in anger intensity and convenient to imagine, (3) to remember and imagine 2 self-expierienced individual conflict situations with a parent (1 intensely angry, 1 weakly angry), (4) to make faces of slight vs. severe anger (same with disgust and joy), and finally (5) to imitate the facial expression of photos from respective series expressing high / low anger, disgust and joy. EMGs were recorded from corrugator supercilii, orbicularis oculi, levator labii and zygomaticus major. The data show that different methods to induce angry faces of high vs. low intensity yield EMG patterns not consistent across methods. Methods (1) and (3) did not yield a significant intensity effect in corrugator activity, but methods (2), (4) and (5) did. There is a considerable method heterogenity of anger expression in orbicularis oculi, levator labii and zygomaticus (even between methods (4) and (5)). This is in contrast to the facial EMG effects of joy and disgust which are in the expected direction in both methods (4 & 5), The anger results are in accordance with Ekman who found that in anger expression more different Action Units are involved than in any other basic emotion. Keywords: EMG, Emotion, Anger, Facial Expression

STUDI META-ANALISIS TENTANG HUBUNGAN ANTARA STRESS KERJA DENGAN PRESTASI KERJA Widhiastuti, Hardani
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 29, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

This article provides a meta-analysis of the relationship between Job Stress and Job Performance. The Quantitative review includes 17 correlations from 15 studies. Result indicated that Ï = .7567; both the .0805 credibility and 1.4329 confidence intervals (95%). Keywords: meta analysis, job stress, job performance

PROGRAM PELATIHAN DENGAN METODE SIMULASI UNTUK FASILITATOR: PENELITIAN AWAL KEMATIAN TENTANG IBU YANG HAMIL, SIAPA YANG BERTANGGUNG JAWAB? Atamimi, Nuryati; Sanmustari, Rasimin Bujang; Retnowati, Sofia
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 29, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is considered relatively high (UNICEF, 1994). It is necessary to make concrete efforts to cut down the number of women who die in the period of their pregnancy, at birth, and in the period of 42 days after birth, either caused by direct effects of pregnancy of birth, or by indirect effects of certain diseases, not to include accidents. Maternal mortality has socially broad impact since the motherâ€™s double functions is cannot be replaced by others. Research has shown that a baby born by a mother who died at the birth, has 90 % possibility to die in the first year of his or her life. This tragedy should not have happened since 80 % of maternal mortality can be prevented (Indonesian Department of Health, 1999). This study is meant to find an alternative method which is reliable and testable to improve the level of initiative (responsive attitudes) of pregnant women and of all elements of the surrounding social institutions to issues related to maternal mortality risk. One to mention is by comparing the use of simulation method (together with poster campaigns) with that of radio-spot broadcast method. The study focuses on several targets, among others are 1) a case study related to the handling of high-risk pregnancy which has so far been done, as a step stone to developing an instrument to change attitude/behavior; 2) constructing an inventory or questionnaire on attitude change which will be used as a measuring instrument in the research to follow; and 3) making instruments to change attitude (in the forms of simulation sheets and posters) of which the effectiveness, validity, and reliability as intervening media will be trained to the simulation facilitators. Developing intervening media in the form of radio-spots will be in the third-year phase of the study, and comparing the two intervening media is to be done in the year afterwards. The third and fourth studies, however, do not manifest since the budget cut is significant in limiting the production of the intervention media. The preliminary study by using in-depth interviews with 56 subjects showed that a great majority of high-risk pregnant women had low level of understanding and initiative to various anticipatory measures needed to face emergency situations in pregnancy period and at birth. A number of social institutions in the surroundings such as neighbors and Village Community Welfare Institutions and health service providers such as Integrated Service Post and Community Health Center had not yet played significant roles. Draft of simulation sheets and posters had been made and tried out according to the plan. The questionnaire has been designed and has been tried out. The training for the facilitators has also been completed in the first year study. Keywords: Simulation method, material mortality.

MODEL PEMBELAJARAN â€œACTIVE LEARNINGâ€ MATA PELAJARAN SAINS TINGKAT SD KOTA YOGYAKARTA SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN â€œLIFE SKILLSâ€ Kumara, Amitya
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 31, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Penelitian ini berkaitan dengan proses pembelajaran yaitu pengembangan belajar aktif pada mata pelajaran sains karena kemampuan siswa dalam bidang sains merupakan salah satu kunci keberhasilan peningkatan kemampuan dalam memasuki dunia teknologi. Menurut Youl (dalam Kompas, 15 Mei 2002), persaingan sains di masa depan sebenarnya tidak dilihat dari berapa besar penguasaan sains oleh suatu negara saat ini, tetapi justru terletak pada usaha mempersiapkan anak-anak agar â€œmelekâ€ sains sejak awal. Tujuan penelitian sebagai berikut: 1)Menyusun profil kesiapan guru, siswa, dan sekolah dalam menerapkan model pembelajaran active learning, 2)Melakukan identifikasi jenis aktivitas kontekstual belajar aktif mata pelajaran sains tingkat SD yang dapat meningkatkan life skills siswa. Penelitian ini melibatkan 3 Sekolah Dasar yaitu SD Ungaran I, SD Masjid Syuhada, SD Pingit, siswa yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV. Metode pengambilan data: diskusi kelompok dengan siswa, pengamatan terhadap proses pembelajaran, wawancara mendalam dengan guru. Berdasarkan hasil temuan penelitian dengan menggunakan tiga pendekatan (wawancara, pengamatan, dan dokumentasi) maka dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: 1) Guru memahami adanya perbedaan antara kurikulum lama dan kurikulum KBK, baik dari segi materi pelajaran maupun metode pembelajarannya. Namun kenyataan masih ada beberapa kebingungan dalam pelaksanaanya. 2) Jenis pembelajaran kontekstual dan pembelajaran â€œliving skillâ€ menggunakan contoh daur hidup yang sempurna seperti ulat sebagai contoh metamorforsis sempurna, selanjutnya pelajaran â€œliving skillâ€ yang dilatihkan adalah kemampuan mengamati, mengorganisir data, mensistematisir, menganalisis serta melaporkannya dalam bentuk bagan, tabel, disamping itu mengkaitkan dengan ajaran agama. Kata kunci : pembelajaran aktif, living skill

PERBEDAAN PENGUASAAN KOSAKATA ANAK PRA-SEKOLAH Irenaningtyas, Dwi Astuti; Wulan, Ratna
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 31, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The purpose of this study is to find out the differences in vocabulary size among pre-school children by means of comparing those who are used to listening storybooks read out by an adult to those who are not. The hypothesis is that the children who are well-acquainted to listening storybooks read out by an adult seize higher vocabulary size. The research involves 65 pre-school students between 5 years and 6 months to 6 years and 10 months of age, both male and female, selected from Pamardisiwi Kindergarten in Yogyakarta. There are 31 students who get to listen to storybooks read out by an adult in a regular basis, while the rest 34 are conditioned otherwise. The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) Form A was applied to measure the vocabulary size, and in order to asses childrenâ€™s activities in listening to storybooks read out by an adult, parents are required to write a one week journal. Independent-samples t-test analysis was used as a statistical method. The result of the study is t = 6.913 (p

Mereka Memanggilku â€œKenthirâ€ Sarwono, R Budi; Subandi, -
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 40, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

â€œKenthirâ€ is a stigma that commonly addressed to the psychosis sufferer in Javanese culture. This research studies about psychological dynamics of early phase of psychosis sufferer since they live in â€œkenthirâ€™sâ€ stigma and some other Javanese stigmas, and also about the influence of this stigma to their effort in doing re-integration with society in the context of Javanese culture. This qualitative research was conducted by the case study approach. The researcher was observed the psychological dynamics of four psychosis sufferers that was distributed in two regencies in Yogyakarta Special Region (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta). Beside this psychological dynamics, the thing that is observed by the researcher is how the psychosis sufferers attempt to re-integrate to the society. The primary research data is acquired both through systematic and unsystematic interview to the sufferer and the informant (family, neighbours, village officials, clinic psychologist, Mental Hospital psychologist and significant others). The supporting data is investigated from medically records data from Mental Hospital, doctorâ€™s prescription, status update from facebook account and other notes. The data are codified thematically grouped to be analyzed. The result shows that stigma in the Javanese society gave to the psychosis sufferers, is not always affect them during their reintegration in to the society. It solely depends on how each subject view that stigma. In fact, a patient publically called â€œkenthirâ€ by the surrounding people shows successful reintegration to the society. Keywords: kenthir, psikosis, reintegration, stigma

Terapi Tawa untuk Menurunkan Stres pada Penderita Hipertensi Desinta, Sheni; Ramdhani, Neila
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 40, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Hypertension is a physical condition that is often connected to negative stress or distress. Stress as psychological, emotional and physical responses to a problem one perceives as a burden because it threats his/her wellbeing. Since stress is related to perception, in addition to medical treatment, it is necessary for people with hypertension also receive non-pharmacology therapy. This research aimed to find out the effectiveness of laughing therapy for decreasing distress and blood pressure of people with hypertension. There were twelve (12) hypertension patients voluntarily becoming the subjects of the research. Laughing therapy with duration of 1 â€“ 2 hours was given to them within 6 meetings for 3 weeks. Stress Scale was utilized to collect the data and the progress of the subjectsâ€™ behaviors was observed and recorded by the observant on Observation Sheet. Each subject was also asked to fill Self-observation Sheet. Their blood pressures were measured with sphygmomanometer. The method of interview was used to elaborate the data. The data was analyzed using non-parametric statistical method. The results of the analysis showed that there is significance difference between the experimental group and control group of the subjects in terms of their levels of stress (Z=-2.287; p

Terapi Relaksasi untuk Menurunkan Tekanan Darah dan Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Hipertensi Sulistyarini, Indahria
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 40, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of relaxation training on blood presure and quality of life among patients with hypertension. The hypothesis of this study is stated that there is an influence of relaxation training to blood presure and quality of life among patients with hypertention. The quality of life was measured by using quality of life scale based on aspect from WHOQOL (1998). An experimental method used was a pre-posttest control group design. The data was analyzed by using anava mixed design and an independent samples of t-test was followed by analysis of covariance to test the difference of mean sistolic and diastolic blood pressure between treatment groups both experiment and control group. The calculations and analysis were performed by using SPSS 17.0 for windows. The results indicate a significant decrease of sistolic blood pressure (t=â€“9,213, p

Menurunkan Kecemasan Sosial melalui Pemaknaan Kisah Hidup Swasti, Idei Khurnia; Martani, Wisjnu
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 40, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Negative self beliefs during social interaction and previous unpleasant social experiences increase level of social anxiety. This condition also leads person to form narrative tone about helplessness. This research aim is to apply Narrative Therapy for exploring experiences and other life stories from a highly anxious person to decrease his/her level of anxiety. The research participant (subject Y, female, 21 years old) fits the participantâ€™s inclusive criteria, using Skala Kecemasan Sosial-Revisi (SKS-R). Y joins 8 sessions of individual therapy setting. SKS-R is given before and after therapy, and also in the follow up sessions. SKS-R score shows decrease in Yâ€™s level of social anxiety from 226 (very high anxiety) to 112 (very low anxiety) and the low scores remain stable in two follow up sessions. Meanwhile, her safety behaviors frequency, which is observed using Observasi Perilaku Aman (OPA), shows unstable score per session. Narrative analysis on conversation transcript and Diari Pelaporan Diri (DPD) show narrative tone transformation. Before therapy, it is dominated by helplessness. After therapy, it is changed to empowerment and self esteem to fight against anxiety. Negative imagery of â€œMiss Panicâ€ and â€œMiss Sensitiveâ€ is deleted. The conclusion is Narrative Therapy can decrease Yâ€™s level of social anxiety. Further research can support Narrative Therapy reliability in different setting. Keywords: narrative therapy, social anxiety, narrative analysis

Peran Nilai Positif Pekerjaan-Keluarga sebagai Mediasi Pengaruh Dukungan Suami terhadap Kepuasan Kerja dan Kepuasan Perkawinan pada Perempuan yang Bekerja Soeharto, Triana Noor Edwina Dewayani; Faturochman, -; Adiyanti, MG.
Jurnal Psikologi Vol 40, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of work-family positive value, which is based on gender theory and ecological theory, as a mediation of the influence of husbandâ€™s support toward both job and marital satisfaction among working women. The subjects of this study were 188 female workers who lived together with their husbands and took care of children below 12 years. By applying structural equation modeling, the proposed model fit with the data (Ï‡2 = 1,628; p=0.202 and GFI = 0.996). Furthermore, the result shows that the effect of variabel of husbandâ€™s support increases when the work-family positive value as a mediating variable is applied. The theoretical and practical implications of the result are discussed. Keywords: husbandâ€™s support, work-family positive value, job satisfaction, marital satisfaction

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