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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 986 Documents
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Effect of Agrodyke Foliar Application on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Capsicum annuum: Foliar Application on Chili Growth and Yield Mazli, Nurul Ain; Abd Manan, Fazilah; Sarobo, Zulaikha; Ridzuan, Raihana
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.16

Abstract

Capsicum annuum is one of the most popular chili species cultivated and has become an important commodity crop in Malaysia. To overcome the shortage of Capsicum supply, foliar application can be utilized to increase chili yields. Foliar application requires only a minimal amount for effective use, rectifies nutrient deficiencies, and stimulates a rapid growth response. This research studied the effect of Agrodyke foliar fertilizer on the growth and yield of two varieties of C. annuum. Three treatments were applied to each chili variety, T0: control (no foliar application); T1: once a week (3 g/L) and T2: twice a week (3 g/L). The foliar application was initiated four weeks after germination. The results showed that Agrodyke foliar application at T2 resulted in the highest plant height (84.3 ± 3.9 cm) and stem diameter (1.3 ± 0.0 cm) for the Solok variety. For chlorophyll content, Agrodyke foliar application at T2 showed the highest levels in both Solok and Kulai varieties (67.3 ± 0.8 SPAD value and 67.4 ± 2.8 SPAD value, respectively). For individual fruit weight, Agrodyke foliar application at T2 in the Solok variety showed the highest weight (22.9 ± 2.1 g). In terms of fruit yield, Agrodyke foliar application at T1 in the Kulai variety produced the highest yield (123.3 ± 16.9 g). Furthermore, certain growth and yield attributes were positively correlated. Therefore, it can be concluded that Agrodyke foliar application at T2 provided better growth performance in terms of plant height and stem diameter for the Solok variety compared to the Kulai variety.
Identification of Gene Candidates in Diterpenoid Biosynthesis of Curcuma longa: An mRNA Sequencing Approach: Identification of Gene Candidates in Diterpenoid Fadhullah, Hafizh; Purwoko, Devit; Zulaeha, Siti; Hanifah, Nurul Fitri; Hartuti, Endah Dwi; Rahmadara, Gemilang; Safarrida, Anna; Reninta, Rikania; Evawati, Evawati; Roza, Irwan; Tajuddin, Teuku
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.08

Abstract

Curcuma longa is a medicinal plant renowned for its therapeutic properties and potential treatment of cancer. This study focused on the biosynthesis of diterpenoids in the rhizome and leaves of C. longa. The genes responsible for producing these medicinal compounds were analyzed using BLASTx, Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, differential expression, and homology. The substantial dataset was obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), comprising 151,730,334 clean reads and 167,264 transcripts for the analysis. The results of the BLASTx analysis were as follows: NR yielded 65.93%, Swiss-Prot yielded 44.52%, and COG yielded 17.35%. Subsequently, GO annotation was performed using Blast2GO, resulting in an annotation rate of 56.79%. Differential expression analysis revealed a total of 636 genes that were significantly differentiated between the rhizome and leaves. The homology analysis resulted in 11 proteins associated with diterpenoid biosynthesis and nine proteins related to CYP450. Approximately three class I proteins were highly expressed in the rhizome. Additionally, seven CYP450 enzymes from the CYP71D and CYP726 subfamilies were identified; three were highly expressed in the rhizome. The expression patterns of these enzymes were similar to the aforementioned three class I diTPSs, indicating their potential involvement in macroditerpenoid biosynthesis in C. longa. These findings provide valuable genomic resources for future functional genomics research on C. longa, facilitating targeted efforts to enhance the production of bioactive compounds.
Toxicity of Clove Oil Nanoparticle Againts (Aphis gossypii) on Chili (Capsicum annum) and Its Predator (Cheilomenes sexmaculata): Toxicity of CO-NPs againts A. gossypii and C. sexmaculata Ikawati, Silvi; Boangmanalu, Maslina; Choliq, Fery Abdul; Aji Pamungkas, Bayu
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.04

Abstract

One of the pests that cause economic losses in Chili (Capsicum annum L.) is aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Therefore, it is necessary to carry out alternative controls that are not damaging and detrimental to the surrounding environment including against beneficial organisms such as the natural enemy Cheilomenes sexmaculata Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Clove oil and the formulation of essential oils in the form of nanoparticles have been used as a botanical pesticide. The purpose of this work is to determine the toxicity of a clove oil nanoformulation against aphids (A. gossypii) and the six-spotted zigzag ladybird predator C. sexmaculata. This work has six treatments and four replications using a fully randomized design. The results showed that clove oil nanoparticles (CO-NPs) significantly affected mortality and decreased the number of offspring of A. gossypii. The average size of the tested nanoparticles was 166.38 nm and the average zeta potential value of the tested nanoparticles was -19 mV. The CO-NPs can affect the increase in mortality and decrease in the offspring number of A. gossypii. The LC50 value of A. gossypii was 0.32% at the time of observation 48 hours after application while the LT50 value was 3 hours at a concentration of 1.2%. The percentage of decrease in the number of offspring reached 95.01% at a concentration of 1.2%. Results of calculating the selectivity ratio value (SR) showed that CO-NPs are selective against predators C. sexmaculata, with the SR value <1.
Monitoring the Success of Hydroseeding Application Using Microbial Diversity in Some Post-Coal Mining Revegetation Areas, South Kalimantan: Monitoring the Success of Hydroseeding Application Using Microbial Diversity Fadhil Anshari, Muhammad; Achmad Rinaldo Fernandes , Adji; Setyo Leksono, Amin; Arisoesilaningsih, Endang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.06

Abstract

Successful revegetation improves the whole ecosystem's integrity, including microbe habitat. The goal of this study is to monitor the success of hydroseeding applications in some post-coal mining revegetation areas using microbial diversity. This study was conducted by sampling soils at a reference site (HS) and three revegetation areas (Kuni, AR07, AH). Kuni represents a 12-year-old monoculture replantation area while AR07 and AH are representations of hydroseeded areas with different ages, 5.5 years and 3 months old. Soil samples were then analyzed to determine N, P, K, and CEC, and extracted using the CTAB/SDS method, resulting in the total genome DNA. The genes of 16S rRNA were amplified using a specific primer, followed by product quantification and purification. Sequencing libraries were generated using the NEBNext® UltraTM DNA Library Pre Kit for Illumina. The library was sequenced on Illumina platform, and 250 bp paired-end reads were generated. The data were then analyzed using Anova, biplot, and cluster analysis. Results showed that AR07 was the most similar site to HS based on soil chemical properties and had the highest value of all alpha diversity indices. The dominant presence of Burkholderiales in AH indicated improvement in soil chemical properties. The soil microbial diversity PCA analysis revealed that the similarity between HS and AH was high. It was indicating a better success of hydroseeding at AH with shorter revegetation time as compared to the monoculture replantation site in Kuni. Hydroseeding using local pioneer species is highly recommended for postcoal mining revegetation.
The Ecological Character of Water-Bioindicator Macroinvertebrates on Various Agricultural Management: Ecology of Water-Bioindicators in Agriculture kurnianto, Agung sih; Septiadi, Luhur; Hamidah, Wanda; Magvira, Nur Laila; Sholikah, Ummi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.12

Abstract

In Indonesia, horticulture is a crucial part of agriculture, heavily reliant on agrochemicals. This study in East Java's Jember and Bondowoso regencies compared conventional and organic farming methods, focusing on their effects on aquatic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators. Research included sites practicing conventional horticulture (cabbage, chili) and organic rice farming. Measurements of water current, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and temperature were taken, along with macroinvertebrate sampling. Significant differences were found in pH, conductivity, and water current, but not in dissolved oxygen and temperature. Organic farming showed higher macroinvertebrate diversity and lower dominance, especially the Baetidae family. While BMWP-ASPT and EPT scores were similar across methods, organic farming rated unpolluted in biotilik scores. Hierarchical cluster analysis, PCA, and CCA revealed factors influencing the ecological impacts of farming practices. The study underscores how different agricultural methods affect macroinvertebrate diversity, highlighting their role as environmental indicators. This reflects the diverse ecological impacts of agricultural management practices.
Diversity and Efficacy Mold Rhizosphere to Control Lasiodiplodia theobromae Causing Stem-End Rot Disease on Citrus nobilis from East Kalimantan: Diversity and Efficacy Mold Rhizosphere to Control Lasiodiplodia theobromae Agustina, Nensi; Mutia Erti Dwiastuti; Triwiratno , Anang; Suharjono
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.05

Abstract

The current study aimed to determine the abundance and diversity of soil characteristics and their relationship with mold abundance and potential in inhibiting Lasiodiplodia theobromae, a potential rhizosphere mold species of Siamese orange plant. The pathogenic mold that causes stem-end rot disease was isolated from stems with rotting symptoms. In contrast, the antagonistic mold was obtained from isolation from the rhizosphere soil of Siamese plants. The samples were collected from Siamese orchards in East Kalimantan. The abundance and diversity of molds on swamp land are higher than on dry land. A total of 28 molds were found in the rhizosphere of Siamese orange plants. Mold abundance was positively correlated with soil moisture, organic matter, C-Organic, and N-total but negatively correlated with temperature and pH. Soil chemical characteristics directly influence mold abundance, while soil chemical characteristics indirectly influence it. 21 out of 28 isolates were Biological Control Agents (BCA). TR37 mold has the highest inhibitory power of 89.31% of the D13.C2 pathogen that causes stem-end rot disease. ITS rDNA sequence homology shows that the TR37 mold identified as Trichoderma reesei, while pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae causes stem-end rot disease
Analysis of trnL- trnL- trnF Intergenic Spacer and matK Sequences Combined with Morphological Observations Showed Pucuk Seminyak from Riau is Champereia manillana var. manillana Merr.: trnL-trnL-trnF Intergenic Spacer and matK on Pucuk Seminyak Roslim, Dewi Indriyani; Herman; Budiono, Deanne Yoshe Fidela; Cahyati, Isa Endar; Lestari, Wahyu; Novita, Linda; Priyadi, Arief
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.13

Abstract

A taxonomic status of Pucuk Seminyak plant is still unclear. This plant has a fruit like Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon) fruit and is often classified as a member of Gnetaceae family. This study aims to determine the taxonomic status of Pucuk Seminyak from Riau using trnL-trnL-trnF intergenic spacer (IGS) and matK sequences. Methods included leaf samples from three individuals collected from the Kampar Regency, Riau Province, total DNA extraction, electrophoresis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and data analysis. The results showed that the trnL-trnL-trnF IGS DNA sequences from the three samples of Pucuk Seminyak were obtained 937 bp length, while the matK had a size of 775 bp. These sequences have been registered in GenBank with registration numbers OQ174512, OQ174513, and OQ174514 for trnL-trnL-trnF IGS, and OQ174525, OQ174526, and OQ174527 for matK. The highest similarity was found between Pucuk Seminyak and Champereia manillana with an identity value of 99.67% based on trnL-trnL-trnF IGS and 99.74% based on matK. BLASTn analysis by default settings and organism Champereia (taxid: 50116) resulted in hits on the Champereia genus of the Opiliaceae. Further phylogenetic analysis placed the study objects in the Champereia clade (bootstrap support 49 for trnL-trnL-trnF, 68 for matK, and 71 for concatenated sequences). Lastly, identification by morphological characters also confirmed that the specimen agreed with the description and identification key for C. manillana. The species is classified into two varieties: var. longistaminea and var. manillana. The former was distributed in Southwest China, and the latter was distributed in Malesia to India. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analysis separated the two varieties into different clades. Therefore, it can be concluded that our specimen of Pucuk Seminyak is identified as C. manillana var. manillana Merr. (Opiliaceae).
The Role of MicroRNAs in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Treatment, Biomarkers, and Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor: A Bioinformatics-Based Analysis: Role of MicroRNAs in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Treatment Mohamad, Syarifah Faezah binti Syed; Ramlee , Rabiatul Adawiyah; Elias, Marjanu Hikmah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.18

Abstract

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder caused by the reciprocal translocation of the BCR-ABL1 oncogene, which activates tyrosine kinase resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation and apoptosis suppression. Although Imatinib (IM) is an effective treatment, IM resistance remains a significant concern. Therefore, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential alternative therapies. These short, non-coding RNAs (20-22 nucleotides) regulate gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of target genes. The study aims to identify miRNAs linked to CML, determine miRNA’s target genes, construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and analyze pathways and gene ontology. A literature search using the keywords “microRNA”, and “chronic myeloid leukemia” yielded relevant papers, which were screened and categorized into three groups: 1) miRNA associated with TKI resistance, 2) miRNA as biomarkers or leukemogenesis, and 3) miRNA as therapy. Target genes for the identified miRNAs were determined using DIANA tools and miRTarBase. Gene ontology and pathway analysis were conducted using DAVID, while PPI and network visualization were performed using STRING, Cytoscape, and ClueGO. Thirteen miRNAs were selected, targeting 782 genes and forming 16 clusters. ClueGO identified clusters associated with key biological processes, including G1/S cell cycle transition, miRNA-mediated gene silencing, hematopoietic stem cell differentiation, and apoptosis regulation. Target genes are also significant in the CML pathway and other cancer pathways, such as p53, ErbB, FoxO, autophagy, apoptosis, VEGF, TNF, and microRNA. Notably, hsa-miR-16 emerged as the most promising therapeutic and biomarker candidate for CML, highlighting its role in critical pathways.
Isolation, Screening, and Molecular Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria From Supit Urang Municipal Landfill, Malang City: Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria From Supit Urang Municipal Landfill Maghfira Selia; Irfan Mustafa; Farida Rahayu
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.14

Abstract

The municipal landfills contain substantial amounts of lignocellulosic waste that have not been adequately utilized. This waste can be processed using cellulolytic bacteria. Cellulolytic bacteria play an important role in the degradation of cellulose-based materials. This study aimed to isolate and identify cellulolytic bacteria based on 16S rDNA sequence obtained from the Supit Urang municipal landfill, Malang City. Bacteria were isolated from soil by cultivating on 1% carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) agar media. The cellulolytic activity was analyzed semi-quantitatively with flooded 1% Congo red and then washed with 1 M NaCl three times. Cellulase activity assay was measured using the 3.5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid (DNS) method. The most potential isolate in cellulose decomposition was identified. The most potential isolate in cellulose decomposition was identified. Twenty isolates of cellulolytic bacteria were obtained from the sample and sixteen isolates formed the clear zone. The cellulolytic index ranged between 0.26 and 1.52. Five isolates, SL1, SL2, SL10, SL16, and SL19 had the highest cellulolytic index. Isolate SL2 had the highest cellulase activity at 0.071 U/mL. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence, SL2 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens F98 with a similarity of 99.02%. This potential isolate has prospects for the biodegradation process from agricultural waste, which can be processed into valuable products.
Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Hydro-distillated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino with Hydrogen Gas: Antioxidant activity of hydrogen-rich G. pentaphyllum Makino distillate Kim, Min Young
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.19

Abstract

Hydrogen-rich Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino distillate (HRGD) is made by distilling G. pentaphyllum Makino with hydrogen gas to produce the final product. The study evaluated the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of HRGD, as well as its antioxidant properties, including scavenging activities for various radicals such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide radical (H2O2), nitric oxide radical (NO•) and 2,2´-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+), along with a ferrous ion chelating assay. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 42330 mg gallic acid and 36300 mg rutin equivalents/100 g, respectively. HRGD exhibited significant antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities in vitro, which were dose-dependent and superior to those of standard antioxidants. HRGD exhibited higher scavenging activities for DPPH, O2-, H2O2, NO• and ABTS•+ radicals, as well as ferrous ion chelating activity than standard antioxidants (p < 0.05). The results showed that HRGD could be an economical and readily accessible source of natural antioxidants and a possible food and pharmaceutical supplement.

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