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INDONESIA
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
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Articles 518 Documents
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Comparison of Digital Copyright Protection on Over the Top (OTT) Streaming Content Media in Indonesia and the United States Agung Kurniawan Sihombing; Rika Ratna Permata; Tasya Safiranita Ramli
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 8, No 2 (2021): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

In the rapid technological development, physical boundaries have begun to disappear. The internet has created a ‘free culture’. In addition, the era is challenging the copyright concept along with the emergence of ‘digital copyright’. It has become the main commodity of Over-the-Top services providing means of communication and entertainment through the internet. Content streaming service like Netflix uses films, as well as other cinematographic works, as its main commodities. OTT Streaming media helps to protect copyright holders' rights that previously have been violated by illegal streaming sites on the internet. Unfortunately, it also raises a new question: how digital copyright-objects can be protected in this kind of service. Without physical form, copyright object can be distributed easily on the internet, and it may lead to right violations. To answer this problem, the authors aim to describe the digital copyright protection on OTT Streaming Content Media in Indonesia and compare them to the 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) of the United States of America using a descriptive-analytical approach. This study employed a normative juridical approach with secondary data. The results of this study indicate that digital copyright protection in Indonesia is still centered on conventional copyright objects, and a sui generis law is needed to provide better protection for digital copyright objects.Perbandingan Perlindungan Hak Cipta Digital pada Media Over The Top (OTT) Streaming Content di Indonesia dan Amerika SerikatAbstrakDi era perkembangan teknologi yang sangat pesat, batasan fisik mulai hilang dan internet telah memunculkan ‘budaya bebas’ yang bisa diakses setiap orang. Hak cipta merupakan salah satu konsep yang kembali diuji dalam era digital ini dengan kemunculan “hak cipta digital” yang menjadi komoditas utama layanan “Over the Top” yang dapat memberikan sarana komunikasi dan hiburan lewat internet. Salah satu bentuk layanan ini merupakan layanan streaming content, seperti Netflix yang menggunakan film sebagai karya sinematografi sebagai komoditas utamanya. Kehadiran media OTT Streaming Content ini menjadi jawaban bagi perlindungan hak pemegang hak cipta yang selama ini dilanggar dengan situs-situs streaming ilegal di internet, sekaligus memunculkan pertanyaan baru: bagaimana perlindungan hak cipta digital dalam layanan tersebut. Tanpa memerlukan bentuk fisik, tentunya objek hak cipta akan semakin mudah tersebar luas di internet dan berpotensi untuk memunculkan pelanggaran. Atas permasalahan tersebut, penulis akan membahas secara deskriptif analitis mengenai perlindungan hak cipta digital pada Media OTT Streaming Content dalam hukum positif Indonesia, sekaligus memberikan perbandingan dengan Digital Millenium Copyright Act 1998 (DMCA) dari Amerika Serikat yang telah memberikan perlindungan serupa terhadap hak cipta digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan jenis data sekunder. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hak cipta digital di Indonesia masih berpusat pada objek hak cipta konvensional, sehingga diperlukan peraturan sui generis untuk memberikan proteksi lebih baik terhadap objek hak cipta di era digital.Kata Kunci: DMCA, konten streaming, over the top.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v8n2.a2 
Reliability and Security in the Implementation of Digital Health Service Application with the Application of "Reliability Certification or Electronic Certification" based on Indonesian Law Charles Amirul Hanif; Muhamad Amirulloh; Helitha Novianty Muchtar
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 8, No 3 (2021): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Societies are always changing rapidly. Initially, societies recognize ordinary health services. Now, people acknowledge web application based digital health services. This rapid change raises potential problems such as the sale of illegal drugs, user data theft, and illegal health workers. Unfortunately, the government has not provided actions to respond the issues quickly. There is no law that underlies the implementation of web application. It increases the possibility of other potential problems. Therefore, it is necessary to question the reliability and security of the implementation of the application and the form of legal responsibility of the organizer. This study used a normative juridical method, which is carried out by examining secondary data as the main study material. The study reveals that the reliability and security in the implementation of applications both as an electronic system and as a health service facility can still be optimized. There are two forms of legal responsibility for the application operator, namely liability in the form of obligations and in the form of sanctions. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v8n3.a6 
Fungsionalisasi Hukum Terhadap Tindakan Curang Sebagai Bentuk Tindak Pidana Korupsi Di Rumah Sakit Dihubungkan Dengan Asas Keadilan Musa Darwin Pane; Diah Pudjiastuti
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 8, No 3 (2021): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Fraud merupakan tindak pidana terencana yang memiliki dampak yang sangat luas terutama tindak pidana korupsi yang terjadi di Rumah Sakit. Hal ini karena Rumah Sakit merupakan institusi pelayanan kesehatan. Dilihat dari penindakan terhadap pelaku tindak pidana korupsi, terlihat bahwa jumlah kerugian negara akibat dari tindak pidana korupsi terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa tidak berfungsinya hukum sebagaimana tujuan hukum yang ingin dicapai. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fungsionalisasi hukum terhadap tindakan curang sebagai bentuk tindak pidana korupsi di Rumah Sakit dihubungkan dengan asas keadilan, melalui metode penelitian yuridis normatif yaitu pendekatan masalah dengan melihat, menelaah dan menginterpretasikan hal-hal yang bersifat teoritis yang menyangkut asas-asas hukum yang berupa konsepsi, peraturan perundang-undangan, pandangan, doktrin hukum dan sistem hukum yang berkaitan. Melalui penelitian ini, peneliti berpendapat bahwa penindakan terhadap tindak pidana korupsi membutuhkan adanya fungsionalisasi hukum, dimana fungsionalisasi hukum haruslah diartikan sebagai menempatkan sesuatu pada tempatnya, yaitu bersinerginya suatu sistem hukum yang didalamnya terdiri dari kebijakan formulative, kebijakan yudikatif dan kebijakan eksekutif. Adapun model pemidanaan terhadap pelaku tindak pidana korupsi di Rumah Sakit yaitu pengembalian kerugian sampai derajat ke 3 (tiga) sebagai alternative pemidanaan.
Vaccines for Tourism Business Actors: Fulfilment or Violation of Human Rights? I Wayan Gde Wiryawan
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 8, No 3 (2021): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Tourism sector is the largest source of income for Bali province of Indonesia. Unfortunately, the Covid-19 pandemic forced the closure of tourism. Therefore, Bali’s economic growth is experiencing decrease to -10.98%. To accelerate the reopening of tourism, the government has launched the national vaccine movement that also covers tourism business actors. Unfortunately, some parties resist the vaccination because the vaccine is not believed yet to be safe. By using doctrinal legal research, this study examined two problems: the right to health in the context of tourism and the construction of government policies against vaccine resistance by tourism business actors. It examined legal principles and synchronization of laws on human rights related to vaccination. The state is responsible to provide vaccination for the citizens in fulfilling the right to life and health. Each local government produces policy to deal with vaccine refusal. Jakarta and West Java are two provinces that impose fines for residents who refuse vaccines. On the other hand, Bali province does not impose sanctions on such residents. To ensure safety after the reopening of tourism, any local government can propose the record of vaccination as a requirement for every person who will return to work in the tourism sector.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v8n3.a5 
The Supervision of Village Fund Management to Prevent Corruption Dewi Kania Sugiharti; Zainal Muttaqin; Rully Herdita Ramadhani
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 8, No 3 (2021): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Indonesian village government is required to carry out its duties properly. The village government has an obligation to understand legal instruments in many laws and regulations. The legal instruments serve as a guideline to carry out the accountability of the village officials to execute programs that use village funds. Unfortunately, the requirements have not been materialized due to the increasing corruption involving village heads who abused village funds. The study aims to find out the form of accountability of the village head as the power holder of village fund users when there are allegations of village fund corruption and the supervisory function that can be carried out by the Village Consultative Body (BPD – Badan Perwakilan Desa) in preventing of village funds to be corrupted by the village head. The study shows that the legal instruments and implementation of the use of village funds are basically in accordance with the principles and principles of managing state finances, even though the arrangements are separate from the provisions on regional government, where these arrangements and management must be under the objectives of state life as regulated in the 1945 Constitution. Moreover, the form of accountability of the village head regarding the use of village funds refers to the guidelines stipulated in the legal instrument. Still, when the alleged corruption of village funds committed by the village head is proven, the case is resolved according to the criminal law provisions. The supervisory function by the BPD in the management of village funds by the village apparatus is carried out as a form of increasing prosperous village communities. However, the supervision is still weak due to political interests between the village apparatus and the BPD institution in the institutional position of the village government. We can conclude that legal instruments are essential as a guide in managing village funds, including accountability for the use of village funds. In addition, the supervisory function in village management has an important role, especially in preventing the misuse of village funds, leading to corruption allegations.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v8n3.a3
The Sustainable Environmental Protection Deregulation Concept During the Covid-19 Pandemic Imamulhadi Imamulhadi
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 8, No 3 (2021): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

The economic recession due to the Covid-19 pandemic has forced several countries to deregulate environmental protection. In response to such policy, many environmental activists and environmentalists worry that deregulation will cause a negative impact on the mitigation of climate change’s effects. Therefore, it is necessary to examine whether or not the deregulation of environmental protection in Indonesia is in line with the objectives of sustainable development. The provisions of the deregulation of environmental protection in Indonesia aims to encourage and accelerate investment through the simplification of licensing procedures, eradicating corruption in the licensing sector, increasing economic growth and gross domestic product, encouraging equitable development, and providing employment opportunities. This study concludes that Indonesia’s deregulation policy does not violate the minimum tolerance standard of environmental protection. It also does not eliminate the precautionary principle and environmental impact analysis as a preventive measure. In addition, it does not revoke environmental quality standards and damage quality standards as monitoring, control, and enforcement instruments. The deregulation accordingly still adheres to the three pillars of sustainable development.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v8n3.a4 
Apostille Convention and Its Ramification Following the Accession of the Indonesian Legal Practices David Tan
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 8, No 3 (2021): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Indonesia has acceded to the 1961 Hague Apostille Convention in early 2021. The government decided the move based on the current endeavors to enhance the quality of civil services, investment rate, government transparency, and recovery efforts after the worldwide pandemic. At the same time, Indonesia’s initiative to accede to the convention is surprisingly unimpressive, considering the benefits for Indonesia due to its urgency. The study reinforces the present perspective of apostille to contribute to the handful of scholarly papers dealing with the apostille in the realm of private international law. This study employed a normative juridical research method with secondary data. The data were analyzed with qualitative analysis methods. This paper examined the issues of the 1961 Hague Apostille Convention from Indonesian perspective and its obstacles in the 21st century. Furthermore, analysis also covered various scientific articles concerning the apostille to increase insight and comprehension of Indonesia’s attempt to accede to the Hague Apostille Convention and the subsequent actions that Indonesia should consider. Finally, this study also highlights the further development for the apostille to avoid deficiencies and vulnerabilities.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v8n3.a1 
The Equality of Parties in Sale-and-Purchase Binding Agreement on Land and Building with the Pre-Project Selling System Cokorda Gede Swetasoma
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 8, No 3 (2021): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

The study aims to analyze the legal implications of the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Housing of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11/PRT/M/2019 on the Sale-and-Purchase Binding Agreement on Land and Building. The emphasis lies on the equality of parties that involve in buying and selling property using pre-project selling system. This study used legal materials and concepts to approach the issue. The primary legal materials consisted of statutory regulations; and the secondary legal materials consisted of books, scientific journals, and electronic articles. The Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Housing of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11/PRT/M/2019 does not regulate sanctions for buyer’s unilateral cancellation. According to the Regulation, if buyer unilaterally cancels transaction, seller (housing developer) receives only ten percent of the sum of money that the buyer has paid. This provision does not fulfil the principle of equality for the parties. The objectives of law (legal justice, benefits, and certainty) cannot be achieved because of the inequality of parties. The condition leads to seller’s loss. It is especially happened if house that has been partially built-in accordance to special conditions at the request of the buyer. The house can be difficult to be sold.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v8n3.a7
The Existence of Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency: The Academic Freedom’s Perspective Muhamad Dzadit Taqwa; M. Irfan Dwi Putra; Muhamad Ali Muharam
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 9, No 1 (2022): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Recently, Indonesia has taken a policy to merge all the research institutions, which were classified as non-ministerial institutions, into the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN –Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional). The BRIN is expected to (1) reduce the research costs for the research institutions; and (2) integrate and harmonize these institutions. On the other hand, the policy has drawn constitutional law scholars' attention. Many of them who concern that BRIN intervenes academic freedom in Indonesia. The main factor that causes the concern is the subordinate relationship between the President and the BRIN that restrain researchers from their academic activities. This study aims to reveal the potential problem in the light of academic freedom. This study is of position to argue that the existence of the BRIN will not become an issue if it does not disrupt the essential aspects of academic freedom. However, the necessity and the urgency of its existence still draws questions.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v9n1.a6
The Right to Water in Jakarta: Limitation in a Sinking City Ahmad Risyad Sumartapraja; Diajeng Wulan Christianti
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 9, No 1 (2022): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Unsustainable groundwater extraction in Jakarta has resulted in the subsidence of its land. Said effect had prompted the Regional Government to limit groundwater extraction. Consequently, the limitation threatens Jakarta residents’ minimum core enjoyment of the Human Right to Water (HRtW). People who live in coastal areas are the most affected. Northern Jakarta have considered the limitation as a burden that force them to spend more on necessities. Since there are no safeguards nor alternatives and that the limitation is from the Regional Government is disproportionate, this study argues that there is a violation of Jakarta residents’ Human Right to Water since their access towards water has been impeded, especially in areas without piped water. The Human Right to Water is a fundamental right, a foundation of the enjoyment of other rights. Like other human rights, it can be limited if the alternatives have already been installed. This study argues that, in the case of Jakarta, the safeguards that are supposed to be put into place is the progressive realization of Human Right to Water. It is the installation of a holistic piped water network. Indonesia has an obligation to provide piped water as a safeguard to its limitations otherwise international human rights law will be violated. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v9n1.a3

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