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PEMIKIRAN HAJI ABDUL MALIK KARIM AMRULLAH (HAMKA) TENTANG PARTISIPASI POLITIK PEREMPUAN DI INDONESIA TAHUN (1949 – 1963) Mantovani, Sarah Larasati; Santoso, M. Abdul Fattah
Profetika Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 16, No. 1, Juni 2015
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v16i1.1835

Since Mary Wollstonecraft demanded equal rights for women in all fields and denounced all forms of discrimination in her book A Vindication of the Rights of Women in 1792, feminist movements began to emerge and demand the same thing, including the right to participate in politics. Indonesia, which was still called the archipelago, then had given right to women to participate in politics. The motivation of political participation of women in Indonesia was different from that of the Westerners. The motivation of the former was based on a religious spirit, not the spirit of feminism as stated by Hamka in his book Tjemburu (Ghirah). Based on this, this research focuses on Hamka’s thought on Indonesian women political participation. The purpose of this study is to explore and analyze Hamka's thoughts, and construct them, and then associate them with the current Indonesian women political participation. This research is qualitative, based on library research, and done by reviewing, tracking, and analyzing data from the books and newspaper archives. This study uses historical and philosophical. The research data are derived from primary and secondary data sources. The primary data ones are divided into two: first, the primary data sources from Hamka's books that tell about women and women's political participation in general, and, second, the primary data sources from Hamka's books that specifically discuss about Indonesian women's political participation. Analysis of data uses deductive and reflective methods. Based on the results of this research, we can conclude that Hamka had underlined his political thought construction by making the divine revelation as the supreme law. Hamka strengthened the construction of his thought on women's political participation with the element of unity of I'tiqad. This I'tiqad unity was not only in women but also in men, so that they could work together to build a religious Muslim community. Hamka himself basically allowed women (especially a muslim woman) to participate in politics as long as they had religious understanding, knowledge, and high Islamic morale, did not forget their main tasks as wives and mothers, were critical, and dare. Then it could be found as well, the two types of Indonesian women's political participation Hamka's thought, they were based on motivation and activities.

أحكام النقاب عند الألباني والأئمة الأربعة Azhari, Amri
Profetika Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 19, No. 1, Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v19i1.7756

There are two different thoughts of the scholars since the last period to the present about the use of Veil. The first thought which oblige a woman Muslim to close the face [Veiled] in front of the male who is not her Mahram; because the face is a primary body part that must be covered. This thought being the opinion of Imam Ahmad bin Hambal, and a strong thought of Imam Syafi'i. The second opinion says Istihbab [Highly recommended], this being the opinion of the Imam Malik and Abu Hanifah's thought and Imam Malik, but, on the other thought of Hanafi and Maliki, since then, they oblige a veiled woman when they're worried about a slander that will occurr to them. It could happen to her if she is pretty girl, so it appears a libel damages and a malice outbreaking. As this opinion asserted by Al imam Ibn ' Abidin Alhanafi his book [Raddul Muhtar ' Ala Addurul Mukhtar] said: the young girl is prohibited to open her face in the presence of a male [that is not her mahram], it does not because of the face is a body part that must be covered, nevertheless it is concerned as a defamation that occur to the tempted men though his desires are not appeared. Then, the thought about this istihbab is strongly assumed by Shaykh Muhammad al-Albani, a great scholar in the field of Hadith. In addition, he also has a considerable role in enriching the treasure in the field of Islamic law by producing a good works such as the book: (Hijab Almar-ah Almuslimah Fii Alkitaab Wa Assunnah) and a book (Arradul Mufhim ' Ala Man Khalafa Al ulamaa Wa tasyadda Wa ta'shshaba Wa alzama Almar ata antastura Wajhaha Wa kaffaiha Wa awjaba Wa lam yaqna ' Biqaulihim Innahu Sunnatun wa Mustahabbun). those two books were his Ijtihad about the use of the veil and islamic law. Mustahabbun/Sunnah (highly recommended for Muslim women and it does not up to the obligatorily required status). Based on the some Imam Madzhab's thought being compared with the opinions of Shaykh Muhammad al-Albani about the veil, as a result, the author of this scientific works has aims to explain a different thought among Mutaqaddimin and Muakhkhirin scholars about the veil. I pray to Allah, may Allah gives a great benefits, Aamiin Yaa Rabbal 'alamiin.Para Ulama sejak dahulu sampai sekarang berselisih paham tentang hukum Cadar dangan dua pendapat: yang pertama pendapat yang mewajibkan seorang wanita muslimah untuk menutup wajah [ Bercadar ] didepan laki-laki yg bukan Mahram; dikarenakan Muka adalah Aurat yang wajib di tutut, hal ini menjadi pendapat Imam Ahmad bin Hambal, dan pendapat yang kuat dalam madzham Imam Syafi’. Yang kedua pendapat yang mengatakan Istihbab [ Sangat di anjurkan] , ini menjadi pendapat Madzhab Imam Abu Hanifah dan Imam Malik, Namun di sisi lain para ulama Hanafi dan Maliki- sejak dahulu kala meraka mewajibkan wanita bercadar ketika di khawatirkan terjadinya fitnah yang akan menimpanya; hal tercebut bisa terjadi jika seorang wanit yg cantik maka timbullah fitnah berupa kerusakan dan merebaknya kefasikan. Sebagaimana pendapat ini di tagaskan oleh Al imam Ibnu ‘ Abidin Alhanafi di dalam kitab beliau [ Raddul Muhtar ‘Ala Addurul Mukhtar ] berkata: Wanita yg masih muda di larang membuka wajah di hadapan laki-laki [ yg bukan mahram baginya] , bukan karena wajah iyu Aurat , namun khawatir fitnah yg akan menimpa laki- laki seperti terlena/ tergoda walaupun tidak bangkit syahwatnya. Lalu pendat yg mengatakan Istihbab ini di kuat oleh Syaikh Muhammad Nashiruddin al Albani, beliau adalah seorang yang mampuni dalam bidang hadits. Di samping itu beliau juga memiliki peran yang cukup besar dalam memperkaya khazanah dalam bidang hukum-hukum Islam dengan karya-karya yang bermutu semisal buku beliau: ( Jilbab Almar-ah Almuslimah Fii Alkitaab Wa Assunnah ) Dan kitab ( Arradul Mufhim ‘Ala Man Khalafa Al ulamaa Wa tasyadda Wa ta’shshaba Wa alzama Almar-ata An Tastura Wajhaha Wa kaffaiha Wa awjaba Wa lam yaqna’ Biqaulihim Innahu Sunnatun Wa Mustahabbun .dua buku tersebut merupakan Ijtihad beliau tentang hukum Cadar dalam huk um Islam yaitu: Mustahabbun/ Sunnah ( Sangat di anjurkan bagi wanita muslimah dan tidak sampai ke status Wajib). Berangkat dari pendapat Para Imam- imam Madzhab dan di bandingkan dengan pendapat Syaikh Muhammad Nashiruddin al Albani tentang Cadar, maka Penulis karya Ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan khilafiyah di antara ulama Mutaqaddimin dan Muakhkhirin tentang Cadar tersebut. Saya berdoa kepada Allah Suabhanu Wata’aala memberikan Manfa’at yang besar, Amiin Ya Rabbal ‘Alamiin . اختلاف العلماء قديماً، وحديثا في حكم النقاب على قولين: الأول: يجب على المرأة ستر وجهها أمام الرجال الأجانب؛ لأن الوجه عورة، وهو مذهب الإمام أحمد، والصحيح من مذهب الشافعي، الثاني: استحباب النقاب، وهو مذهب أبي حنيفة ومالك، لكن أفتى علماء الحنفية والمالكية - منذ زمن بعيد - أنه يجب على المرأة ستر وجهها، عند خوف الفتنة بها أو عليها، والمراد بالفتنة بها: أن تكون المرأة ذات جمال، والمراد بخوف الفتنة عليها، أن يفسد الزمان بكثرة الفساد وانتشار الفساق؛ قال "ابن عابدين الحنفي" في (رد المحتار على الدر المختار): "وتمنع المرأة الشابة من كشف الوجه بين رجال، لا لأنه عورة، بل لخوف الفتنة كمسه وإن أمن الشهوة. إن العلماء الذين يقولون باستحباب حكم النقاب لقد أيده الشيخ محمد ناصر الدين الألباني, كان رجلا بارعا في المجال الحديثي وله مساهمة غير قليلة في إثراء المكتبة الفقهية الإسلامية بالمؤلفات المفيدة منها: جلباب المرأة المسلمة في الكتاب والسنة والرد المفحم على من خالف العلماء وتشدّد وتعصب وألزم المرأة أن تستر وجهها وكفيها وأوجب ولم يقنع بقولهم: إنه سنة ومستحب, ومنخلال كتابيه راى وأخذ القول مجتهدا أن النقاب مستحب/ سنة وليس بواجب. انطلاقا من أراء العلماء المتقدمين والمعاصرين ثم المقارنة باجتهاد الشيخ الألباني عن النقاب, فلبى الباحث كتابة هذه الرسالة مبيّناً عن خلافية العلماء في أحكام النقاب, الله أسأل أن يمن علي الأجر والنفع الكبير, ويرزقنا العمل الصالح, آمين يا رب العالمين

PENGANTAR REDAKSI Profetika, Redaksi
Profetika Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 17, No. 2, Desember 2016
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v17i02.7689

PENGANTAR REDAKSI

DAFTAR ISI DAN PENGANTAR REDAKSI Profetika, Redaksi
Profetika: Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 14, No. 2, Desember 2013
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v14i2.2155

DAFTAR ISI DAN PENGANTAR REDAKSI

ترجيحات الإمام أبي عبيد القاسم بن سلاّم بن عبد الله الهروي في الزكاة من كتاب الأموال Muthoifin, M; Humaidi, Sudarno
Profetika Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 19, No. 1, Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v19i1.8084

Abstract: The needs of low income families hasn't been fulfilled as it should be. Even poverty issues hasn't been solved yet. Therefore, the writer willing to involve in solving the issue by presenting the results of Tarjih from Ulama who's mastered in so many religious disciplines. He lives in Imam Syafi'ie and imam Ahmad's era. He is famous with his ability in Arabic language. He is Qasim bin Salaam, which commonly known as Abu Ubaid. He states on his book (Kitabul Amwal) Varieties of sources of public wealth managed by the government. Some of them are taxes, Ghanimah, Fa'i, Zakat and so many more. Meanwhile the writer only picks Zakat as his research object. This is because all Muslims have the ability and freewill to manage it at the maximum level. The writer limits his research into two points: first: what is the results of Abu Ubaid's Tarjih. Second: what is the method of Abu Ubaid in his Tarjih. The main purpose of this research is to know his tarjeh and the basis of it. While providing benefits to Amil zakat, fatwa institutions, and alike. So that the result of this research serve as a reference in regulating the wealth allocation on Zakat and in issuing fatwa. The conclusions of the research is: That in general Abu ubaid uses the method (manhaj) of the majority of ulama in interact with Dalils that looks contradictive. First, he tried to colaborate (jam'u) two Dalils that contradictive. Then if it can't be collaborated, he chooses (tarjih) one of the two Dalils without using the others. He wasn't do Naskh because he was able to Tarjih the whole problem of zakat in his book. If there is two Dalils that contradictive, he'll choose the Shohih one. He put Dalil first rather than Atsar and Qiyas. However if the Dalil is Dhoif he will choose Atsar and Qiyas. He put Atsar of the shohabat first rather than the words of ulama after them. If there is two Qiyas that contradictive, he'll choose Qiyas that supported with Dalils or in accordance with the general rules of the religions. Abstrak: Kebutuhan orang-orang yang berkekurangan belum terpenuhi sebagaimana mestinya. Bahkan kefakiran dan kemiskinan juga belum teratasi. penelitian ini sebagai wujud dari andil kami dalam menuntaskan masalah tersebut dengan cara mempersembahkan hasil Tarjih seorang ulama yang menguasai banyak disiplin ilmu Agama, hidup di masa imam Syafi’i dan imam Ahmad dan terkenal sebagai ahli bahasa Arab. Dia adalah Qosim bin Sallam yang biasa disebut Abu Ubaid. Dalam bukunya (Kitabul Amwal) ia menulis bermacam-macam sumber kekayaan umum yang dikelola olah Negara. Seperti pajak, Ghonimah, Fa’i’, Zakat dan lain sebagainya. Permasalahan Zakatlah yang kami pilih sebagai obyek penelitian karena umat Islam memiliki kemampuan dan kebebasan untuk mengelolanya secara maksimal. Penelitihan ini kami batasi pada dua point saja: Pertama : Apa saja hasil Tarjeh Abu Ubaid. Kedua : Sebab atau landasan beliau dalam mentarjih. Tujuan utama dari penelitihan ini adalah mengetahui hasil Tarjeh Abu Ubaid serta landasannya dan memberikannya kepada lembaga-lembaga amil Zakat, lembaga-lembaga fatwa, dan yang serupa dengan itu. Agar hasil penelitihan ini dijadikan sebagai bahan rujukan dan pertimbangan dalam mengatur harta Zakat dan mengeluarkan fatwa. Kesimpulan dari penelitihan ini bahwa secara umum Abu Ubaid menggunakan methode (Manhaj) mayoritas Ulama dalam berinteraksi dengan dalil-dalil yang kelihatannya bertentangan. Yaitu pertama-tama ia berusaha mengkolaborasi (Jam’u) dalil-dalil yang bertentangan. Jika tidak dapat dikolaborasikan, maka ia memilih (mentarjih) salah satu dari dalil-dalil tersebut. Ia tidak melakukan Naskh karena sanggup mentarjih seluruh permasalahan Zakat dalam bukunya. Jika ada dalil-dalil yang bertentangan, maka ia memilih (mentarjih) salah satu yang ia anggap Shohih. Jika ada Hadits, Atsar dan Qiyas saling bertentangan, maka ia mendahulukan Hadits dari pada Atsar dan Qiyas, jika Hadits tersebut Shohih. Jika Haditsnya Dhoif, ia lebih memilih Atsar dan Qiyas. Jika hanya terdapat satu Hadits dalam suatu masalah, jika Hadits tersebut dikuatkan oleh Atsar atau Qiyas, maka ia tetap mengambilnya meskipun Dhoif. Ia mengutamakan Atsar Sabahat dari pada perkataan ulama setelah mereka. Jika ada dua Qiyas yang bertentangan beliau memilih Qiyas yang didukung oleh dalil atau sesuai dengan kaidah-kaidah umum Agama. الملخص: إن مما يدفع الباحث إلى اختيار هذا الموضوع ما يجري في واقع الحياة بمحتمعنا أن حوائج المحتاجين لم تسد على الوجه المطلوب والفقر والحرمان لم يمحا من الوجود . فأراد الباحث إسهام ما استطاع لأجل المشاركة في حل هذه القضية بتقديم ترجيحات أبي عبيد القاسم بن سلاّم الهروي في مسائل الزكاة . لأنه عالم متقن في كثير من الفنون الإسلامية ومن معاصري الإمامين الشافعي وأحمد وممن يقبله الناس. اختار الباحث مسائل الزكاة من كتابه لتكون موضوعا لبحثه لأن المسلمين لايزالون في سعة وقدرة في تنفيذها بخلاف المسائل الأخرى . وحدد الباحث نقطتين لبحثه . الأولى ترجيحاته والثانية أسباب ترجيحاته وتعليلاتها . مستهدفا معرفة ترجيحات أبي عبيد وأسبابها ، لتكون مرجعا للقائمين بجمع الزكاة وصرفها في مواضعها ، وليسترشدوا بها في تطبيقاتهم لأحكام الزكاة . كما استهدف إبراز جانب الفقه في شخصية أبي عبيد . والمنهج الذي أسير عليه في كتابة هذا البحث هو ذكر أقوال الفقهاء التي ذكرها أبو عبيد وأدلة كل قول بإيجاز ، ثم أذكر ترجيحاته مع بيان أسبابها وتعليلاتها . ثم أذكر موقفي من ترجيحاته موافقة أو مخالفة مع بيان أسباب ذلك. وقد توصل الباحث إلى التنيجة التي تتلخص فيما يلي : إن أبا عبيد قد نهج منهج الجمهور في التعامل بين النصوص الشرعية التي ظاهرها التعارض . حيث إنه حاول الجمع بينها أولا ، وإذا لم يمكنه ذلك قام بترجيحها . ولم يدخل أبو عبيد في النسخ لأنه استطاع ترجيح جميع مسائل الزكاة في كتابه . وعند التعارض بين النصوص قام بترجيح النص الصحيح . وعند التعارض بين النص والآثار والقياس فإنه رجح النص عليها إن كان صحيحا ، وإذا كان ضعيفا فإنه رجح الآثار والقياس عليه . وإذا لم يوجد في المسألة إلا حديث واحد فإنه أخذه بشرط أن تكون هناك آثار وقياس تشهد له وتؤيده ، وإن لم تكن هناك آثار وقياس تشهد له وتؤيده فإنه لا يأخذه . قدم أبو عبيد آثار الصحابة على أقوال من بعدهم . وعند التعارض بين الأقيسة رجح أبو عبيد قياسا صحيحا مؤيَّدا بالنص أو بالقواعد العامة في الدين على قياس فاسد عير معتبر . وقد يرجح بين أقوال الفقهاء بناء على مهارته في تفسير ألفاظ النصوص الشرعية.الكلمات الرئيسة: ترجيح، أبو عبيد، الزكاة، كتاب الأموال.

DAKWAH DAN JIHAD DALAM ISLAM: STUDI ATAS PEMIKIRAN K.H.M. HASYIM ASY’ARI Al Mubarok, Muh Shofi; Shobron, Sudarno
Profetika Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 16, No. 2, Desember 2015
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v16i2.1847

Muhammad Hasyim Asy’ari was a scholar known as scholars and Indonesian freedom fighters. The formulation of the problem in this paper begin with a question; how the propaganda struggle and Jihad Muhammad Hasyim Asy’ari and how the activity and its contribution in propaganda and jihad. the goal is to understand his thoughts in propaganda and jihad, so it can be a model for the next generation and society in general. Methods This study uses primary data source that examines the writings of Muhammad Hasyim Asy’ari, and the secondary source data. These two sources are obtained using literature study (library research). Therefore, this research includes bibliographic and qualitative research types, purely library research (library research) with historical-philosophical approach. The data obtained will be analyzed sequentially and interactionist which consists of three stages: 1) Reduction of data, 2) Presentation of data, 3) Withdrawal conclusion or verification.Keywords: propaganda; jihad; muhammad hasyim asy’ari.

COVER Profetika, Redaksi
Profetika Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 19, No. 1, Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v19i1.8105

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NILAI–NILAI PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK DALAM AL QUR’AN SURAT ALI IMRAN AYAT 159-160 Nurhartanto, Armin
Profetika Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 16, No. 2, Desember 2015
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v16i2.1851

The background of this research is the phenomenon of teenagers’ moral degenerate which the writer found. Considering the importance of al Qur’an for all people, it is important to implement its values as a concern especially for muslim, so the moral values in al Qur’an can be taught to the people in a good way. From this state, the writer is interested in exploring deeper about moral values in al Qur’an surah Ali Imran 159 – 160. The goals of the research are ; 1) to know the moral values in al Qur’an Surah Ali Imran 159 – 160, 2) to know how the concept of moral value in those verses, 3) to know the implication of those verses for Islamic Education in school. The research is a library research. Primier data source is al Qur’an Surah Ali Imran 159 – 160. The second data sources are book, articles or works about moral values and the implementation of moral values, considered to be true, both in sentences or content. Approaches which are used are didactic – psychology and thematic combined with qualitative analysis and are reprocessed by using deductive, inductive and comparative analysis. The result of the research show that ; 1) moral values reflected in Surah Ali Imran 159 – 160 are graceful, forgiving, solving problem by discussing it with the people, believing in Allah and believing in Allah’s help. 2) in the concept of moral education, the way Rasulullah lead his companions, he prioritizes the graceful, dissscussion, although he holds the highest authotiry. The other moral values is believing in Allah. 3) the implication of the concept of moral education according to al Qur’an Surah Ali Imran 159-160 is the concept of moral-oriented teaching. The recommendation of this research is how the school as an education institution is able to raise moral values reflected in al Qur’an Surah Ali Imran 159-160 to the student, so they can take the lesson from the prophet’s daily life.Keywords: moral; values; implication to education.

PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER KI HADJAR DEWANTARA: STUDI KRITIS PEMIKIRAN KARAKTER DAN BUDI PEKERTI DALAM TINJAUAN ISLAM Muthoifin, Muthoifin; Jinan, Mutohharun
Profetika Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 16, No. 2, Desember 2015
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v16i2.1852

What an importance of character, Ki Hadjar makes it as a soul from the concept of his education. Even the government admitted, almost all national educational concepts referring to his idea. the focus of this issue is how the concept of Ki Hadjar's character in the Islamic view. The method used is historical approach, by the technique of content analysis, descriptive and comparative. The data is analyzed to be conclusion from the existing phenomenon. The results of the study, Ki Hadjar's idea about the character is not found the base that is closely related to faith, but rather stands on a universal national identity, it can be seen that the Ki Hadjar wants the Indonesian nation has a good attitude and personality and remain to stand on the personality of the Indonesian nation that has a distinctive culture and personality. While the characters in Islam can not be separated with monotheism and faith. Keywords: character; Ki Hadjar Dewantara; budi pekerti; Islam.

KRITIK TERHADAP EPISTEMOLOGI UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS: PERSPEKTIF ISLAM Afdal, Afdal; Waston, Waston
Profetika Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 16, No. 2, Desember 2015
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v16i2.1845

Since established, Universal Declaracion of Human Rights (UDHR) upheldas a global value by all the countries in the world. UDHR through the UN as a referenceas a common standard for measuring the level of success of a country in upholdinghuman rights. How this study focus on the implications of the secular epistemologyagainst the substance of the Universal Declaration Of Human Rights? and How doesIslam look at epistemology Universal Declaration Of Human Rights? To answer thesequestions used the data of literature with a philosophical approach as research methodsand using several analytical tools such as interpretation, induction and deduction,internal coherence, holistika and description. Results from this study indicate that thesecular epistemology epistemology UDHR as the foundation material implicationsfor cargo. Substance of the UDHR can be translated very freely and without limitvalues mengabaiakan even religiosity. Humans are considered as central, source anddestination at the same time the fi nal orientation of each human behavior. Religionand God are not regarded as something sacred, but only considered as a complement tohuman life into the realm of free privatization adopted or not by each individual. Such aview is contrary to Islam. Islam holds that religion and God is something that is sacredand can not be separated from every facet of human life. God is central, as well as sourceand destination end orientation every human behavior.Keywords: epistemology; human rights; the Islamic human rights.

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