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PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Published by Universitas Khairun
ISSN : 23548924     EISSN : 25279572     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy
PROtek adalah jurnal ilmiah teknik elektro yang pertama kali dipublikasikan pada September 2013. Jurnal PROtek berada di bawah asuhan Program Studi Teknik Elektro Fakultas Teknik Universitas Khairun, yang merupakan wadah ilmiah untuk menyebarluaskan hasil-hasil penelitian dan kajian analisis yang berkaitan dengan bidang keilmuan sistem tenaga listrik, teknik kendali, telekomunikasi, elektronika, dan teknologi informasi.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 426 Documents
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Monitoring Of Preservative Detection Devices In Market Foodstuffs Anugrah pratama; Nina paramitha; Tamsir Ariyadi; Endah Fitriani
PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Vol 13 No 1 (2026): Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Khairun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33387/protk.v13i1.9713

Abstract

Food safety is a crucial issue in Indonesia, especially regarding the use of hazardous preservatives such as formaldehyde in street food. Manual monitoring of formaldehyde use is often ineffective, so an automated system is needed to detect formaldehyde in real time. This study aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based formaldehyde detection system using an ESP32 microcontroller equipped with an ultrasonic sensor for automatic object detection. The detection data is sent to a Telegram-based platform. The test results show that this system is capable of accurately detecting objects at a distance of 0-20 cm and measuring voltage well to ensure the stability of the device. Testing of food samples shows the presence of borax in some street food, which proves the effectiveness of the system in detecting harmful preservatives and improving food safety.
Harnessing HVAC Exhaust Airflow for Small-Scale Wind Energy Generation: A Novel Approach to Renewable Power Recovery yogi priyo istiyono; Gaguk Firasanto; Dede Russandi
PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Vol 13 No 1 (2026): Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Khairun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33387/protk.v13i1.10312

Abstract

The increasing global population has significantly elevated the demand for electrical power. As conventional energy resources are finite, the need for alternative and sustainable energy solutions becomes more pressing. This study explores the potential of harnessing HVAC exhaust airflow for small-scale renewable energy generation. Experimental results show an average airflow velocity of 6.14 m/s producing a stable 217 V AC output under a 50 W load. However, the system’s power output remains modest and highly dependent on air conditioner operation cycles, which limits scalability and consistent energy supply. These findings highlight the practicality of energy recovery from existing HVAC systems, although improvements in turbine design, duct geometry, and energy storage are necessary to enhance efficiency and real-world integration.
Analysis of the Effect of Sales and Customer Satisfaction at Cafe Tentador on the Marketing Strategy Optimization Using Fuzzy Logic Nurlindasari Tamsir; Vivi Rosida; Widyawati Widyawati; St. Amina H. Umar
PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Vol 13 No 1 (2026): Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Khairun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33387/protk.v13i1.10548

Abstract

Business competition in the culinary industry is becoming progressively intense, particularly in strategic areas such as Pangkajene District, Pangkajene dan Kepulauan Regency. One of the cafés operating in this region is Cafe Tentador. The sales performance of the café demonstrated fluctuation from 2020 to 2023 due to various factors, including the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition to sales performance, customer satisfaction is a crucial factor in maintaining business competitiveness. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of sales and customer satisfaction on the marketing strategy optimization at Cafe Tentador using the Fuzzy Logic method. The analysis, conducted using the Mamdani Fuzzy Logic approach to evaluate the effectiveness of marketing strategies by considering sales and customer satisfaction factors, reveals that the current marketing strategy is at a moderate (fairly good) level. This indicates that while the existing strategy provides a positive effect on the company's performance, there is still a room for improvement and increased effectiveness. Recommended insights include enhancing customer satisfaction through satisfaction surveys, loyalty programs, and responsive feedback, as well as boosting sales through attractive promotions, collaborations with influencers, and menu development.
Design and Implementation of Grounding Resistance Control System Using Water Pump Actuator and Real-Time Monitoring Sensors gaguk firasanto; Yogi Priyo Istiyono; Nurul Huluq
PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Vol 13 No 1 (2026): Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Khairun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33387/protk.v13i1.10617

Abstract

Grounding system performance is strongly influenced by soil moisture and temperature, which can vary significantly due to environmental conditions. The lack of real-time monitoring may cause grounding resistance to exceed safety limits, particularly during dry seasons. This study aims to design and evaluate a microcontroller-based grounding resistance control system capable of maintaining resistance below 5 Ω through real-time monitoring and automatic soil conditioning. An experimental method was applied at an active grounding installation in the Multi Integra Building, Rawamangun, Jakarta, representing tropical soil conditions with variable moisture content. The proposed system integrates soil moisture and temperature sensors, a microcontroller, and a water pump actuator operating in a closed-loop control scheme. Grounding resistance measurements were conducted before and after automated irrigation and validated using an earth resistance tester. The results show a clear inverse relationship between soil moisture and grounding resistance. Initial dry soil conditions produced an average grounding resistance of 6.095 Ω. After controlled irrigation, soil moisture increased to approximately 63.5% and soil temperature decreased, resulting in a significant reduction of grounding resistance to an average of 0.707 Ω. These findings confirm that active soil moisture control effectively stabilizes grounding performance and enhances electrical safety
Application And Performance Of Arduino-Based Idle Stop System On Carburetor Engine Putut Son Maria; Taufik Setiyadi
PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Vol 13 No 1 (2026): Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Khairun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33387/protk.v13i1.10621

Abstract

Efforts to conserve fuel oil (BBM) promoted by the Indonesian government and many other countries are motivated by the fact that fossil fuel availability has decreased and environmental pollution continues to worsen. Strategies for utilizing fuel resources include conservation and the development of alternative fuels. Vehicle manufacturers have attempted to develop vehicles with IDSS (idling start-stop system) or SSS (start-stop system) technology, which are claimed to be more fuel-efficient. However, products with these features are only available in newer vehicles equipped with injection systems. To enable its application on conventional engines of which continues to utilize carburetors, an ISS (Idle Stop System) based on comparable IDSS and SSS systems was designed and tested in this study. Speed sensors, crankshaft sensors, and temperature sensors were used as inputs for the Arduino, which serves as the control for engine startup or shutdown. Test results indicate that the ISS (idle stop system) functions effectively, achieving fuel savings of 4.65–7.56% under test conditions on a 28-kilometer test track.
Smart System Solutions in Wind Power Plants Widodo Hadi Prabowo; Firdaus Firdaus; Sisdarmanto Adinandra
PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Vol 13 No 1 (2026): Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Khairun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33387/protk.v13i1.10650

Abstract

Wind Power Plants (WPP) have great potential as an environmentally friendly renewable energy source. However, in its operations, WPP faces a number of challenges, especially related to monitoring, detection, and optimizing system performance. This research aims to implement an intelligent system that combines internet of things (IoT), machine learning (ML), and artificial intelligence (AI) technology to improve the performance of WPP. The methodology used includes real-time monitoring with the help of sensors, as well as the application of machine learning to detect faults early and monitor energy production transmission. Through  a systematic literature review approach, this study examines various relevant literature in the development of smart systems for WPP. The results show that the use of IoT and machine learning can increase monitoring efficiency by up to 95%, with damage prediction accuracy reaching 99.24%, and energy efficiency improvement by 87%. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) technology also play a role in optimizing energy conservation. In conclusion, the application of smart systems in WPP not only improves operational efficiency and accelerates damage detection, but also supports the transition to more sustainable renewable energy. This study recommends further development of this technology, in order to strengthen the stability and dryness of energy supply.
Implementation of the MQ-135 Sensor for Early Detection of Oil Spills in the Waters of Pertamina Port Ampenan hery teguh setiawan; Muhammad Suwardi Surya Abdi; Mas Khori Mustaqin
PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Vol 13 No 2 (2026): Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Khairun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33387/protk.v13i2.10673

Abstract

The operation of a fuel (BBM) terminal cannot be separated from the existence of facilities for loading and unloading activities. This loading and unloading activity have the potential risk of oil spills in the waters caused by overϐlow leaks in ships, hoses and fuel transfer pipes. Large oil spills must be dealt with immediately so that they do not result in environmental pollution or ϐire hazards. Digital image processing and radar are methods that are often used to detect oil spills in waters, but these methods have disadvantages if environmental visibility is poor and cannot differentiate the type of oil that is spilled, where some types of oil must be handled using different procedures. This study proposes a low-cost, in-situ vapor-based discriminative detection approach using an MQ-135 resistive gas sensor array and an ESP32 data-acquisition node to distinguish gasoline vs diesel vapors in a submerged-fuel mixing testbed. Compared to conventional methods such as radar imaging [1], [2] and fluorometry, this technique provides localized, near-source detection that is inexpensive and suitable for buoy deployment. The proposed method demonstrates reliable classification using calibrated Rs features. The measurement experiments carried out on diesel fuel and gasoline, data obtained on changes in the internal resistance of the MQ-135 sensor was 45.26kΩ to 72.39kΩ with an average of 55.17kΩ for diesel oil type fuel, and 4.86kΩ to 20.31kΩ with an average -an average of 11.27kΩ for gasoline type fuel.
Analysis of the Effect of Sea Salt, Volcanic Ash and Black Carbon Contamination on the Insulation Resistance of Porcelain Insulators Yudia Meka Seftiani; Romi Mulyadi; zulka hendri; witri onanda; nofri dodi
PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Vol 13 No 2 (2026): Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Khairun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33387/protk.v13i2.10733

Abstract

The reliability of porcelain insulators in power systems is strongly influenced by surface conditions, particularly contamination from environmental pollutants. Such contamination can significantly reduce insulation resistance, thereby increasing the risk of leakage currents and flashover. This study aims to analyze the effects of major pollutants—namely sea salt, volcanic ash, and black carbon—on the insulation resistance of porcelain insulators. An experimental approach was employed by testing insulators under clean conditions and comparing the results after artificial contamination with each pollutant under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. Insulation resistance was measured using a megohmmeter, and the data were processed using the arithmetic mean of ten repeated measurements and analyzed descriptively. The results show that the clean condition yielded the highest average insulation resistance of 518 MΩ. Sea salt contamination caused the most significant reduction (210 MΩ), followed by volcanic ash (240 MΩ) and black carbon (280 MΩ). The greater impact of sea salt is attributed to its hygroscopic nature, which forms a conductive electrolyte layer, while volcanic ash contributes through its mineral composition and moisture retention, and black carbon through conductive particle networks. It can be concluded that sea salt has the greatest impact on insulation resistance degradation, followed by volcanic ash and black carbon. Although the measured values remain within acceptable limits for medium-voltage systems, continuous contamination may increase the risk of insulation degradation. Therefore, appropriate maintenance and pollution control strategies are necessary to ensure long-term reliability.
Internet of Things Based Solar Panel Cooling Effectiveness: Automatic and Manual Pump Comparison Nur Muhammad Abdillah; Izza Anshory; Jamaaluddin Jamaaluddin; Shazana Dhiya Ayuni; Andrew Joewono
PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Vol 13 No 1 (2026): Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Khairun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33387/protk.v13i1.10741

Abstract

The importance of photovoltaic (PV) systems is emphasized by the increasing demand for renewable energy. However, the increase in temperature on the surface of PV panels greatly affects the performance of PV systems. The impact of IoT-based cooling systems on PV systems is the focus of this study. We applied a comparative experimental design with three configurations: baseline (no cooling), manual (pump activated every 60 minutes for 5 minutes), and automatic (pump activated when the panel temperature 40°C or higher for 5 minutes). The PV panels were equipped with copper pipe cooling, an ESP32 microcontroller, RS485 Modbus communication, and IoT monitoring using Blynk, and were tested outdoors from 08:00 to 16:00. Data collected from the PV (voltage, current, Pmax) was recorded every 5 minutes and analyzed. Our research results show that automatic cooling produces the highest temperature reduction compared to manual cooling. Automatic cooling increases daily PV production by 69.19%, which is equivalent to a 36.05% increase in clean energy. However, the net efficiency of manual cooling is much lower due to fixed-interval pump operation. Therefore, under clear sky conditions, the results show that an automatic cooling system with IoT enables better PV module performance by providing better thermal stabilization. However, considering that this study was only conducted for one day, further research under various weather conditions is needed to prove long-term reliability and consistency.
Reliability of 20kV Distribution Network Power Systems Using the Reliability Network Equivalent Approach (RNEA) Method Azzahra Rohali; agung trihasto; deria pravitasa
PROtek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Vol 13 No 2 (2026): Protek : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Khairun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33387/protk.v13i2.11199

Abstract

The reliability of the electrical power distribution system is a major factor in ensuring continous power supply to customers. Reliability issues often arise due to the high frequency of disturbances and long recovery times in radial configuration networks. The method used in this study, the Reliability Network Equivalent Approach (RNEA), is used to calculate key reliability parameters, including failure rate (λ), annual unavailability (U), and two key indices, namely the System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) and the System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI). The outage data used was from 2024, which reflects the network conditions after the implementation of an automatic protection system and modernization based maintenance. The analysis results show a SAIDI value of 3.932 hours/customer/year and a SAIFI of 2.18 times/customer/year. These values indicate that the SGN02 feeder system has met the national standard SPLN 68-2:1986, but has not yet met the international standard IEEE Std 1366-2003. This difference is due to the length of the line, the radial configuration without backup lines, and the limited number of reclosers and sectionalizers. Overall, this study concludes that system reliability can be improved through the implementation of a semi-loop configuration, the addition of smart reclosers, and the optimization of automation-based protection systems.

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