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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 26 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 3 (2013)" : 26 Documents clear

KONDISI VEGETASI DI KAWASAN HUTAN KEBUN RAYA BALIKPAPAN [Vegetation in the Forest at Balikpapan Botanical Garden] Hidayat, Syamsul
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 12, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Balikpapan Botanical Gardens (East Kalimantan) is an ex situ conservation area where some parts of its land is originated from the Sungai Wain Protection Forest. Most of the area had been burned in 1982 and 1998. For the development of botanical gardens, vegetation condition/status assessment in forest areas is needed. The study was conducted by sampling with nested plot. Ten observations transects, each consisting of five plots measuring 20 m x 20 m set at ten locations which were supposed to represent the community. Results of the study showed that the quality of the vegetation in general was low, with medium category for conservation index and less category for diversity index. The vegetation was dominated by pioneer species that were less in conservation value such as Macaranga spp., Melicope glabra (Blume) T.G.Hartley and Calicarpa sp. There were 56 individual trees of nine species of Dipterocarp family -which is the regions native plants- found within this area. As for seedling stage, it was also dominated by pioneer species and shrubs. Species enrichment through the development of botanical garden, are expected to increase the value of biodiversity and conservation index.

KEANEKARAGAMAN TUMBUHAN PAKU TERESTRIAL DI HUTAN KOTA DKI JAKARTA [Terestrial Ferns Diversity in Urban Forest DKI Jakarta] Andayaningsih, Dwi; Chikmawati, Tatik; Sulistijorini, Sulistijorini
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 12, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Urban forest is one of the green open area consisted of natural forest-like vegetation. It has suitable microclimate for understory habitat, including terrestrial ferns. The diversity of fern in three urban forest in DKI Jakarta is reported, i.e the urban forest at The University of Indonesia (UI) Campus, The Cibubur Arboretum and PT JIEP (Jakarta Industrial Estate Pulogadung). Vegetation analysis was conducted by purposive sampling method with a transect line of 200 m in each location with 15 plots of (3x3) m2 each. Fern determination was done based on herbarium specimens and literatures. Fern diversity was analyzed based on Shannon diversity index, and equality index. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was performed to determine the correlation between fern diversity and abiotic factors. There were 18 fern species classified into 11 genera and eight families, at the UI urban forest and Cibubur Arboretum, but there was no fern in PT JIEP. Fern with the highest importance value index was Sphaerostephanos sp. (161.33%) in The UI urban forest, and Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R.Br. (71.63%) in Cibubur Arboretum. The CCA result showed that the fern diversity correlated to four abiotic factors i.e temperature,humidity, light intensity and soil pH.

UJI PALATABILITAS TEPUNG BUNGKIL KELAPA SAWIT YANG DIHIDROLISIS DENGAN ENZIM RUMEN DAN EFEK TERHADAP RESPON PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN PATIN SIAM (Pangasius hypophthalmus Sauvage) [The Palatability Test of Palm Kernel Meal Hydrolyzed by Rumen Enzyme and Growth Reponse of Seed Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus Sauvage)] Pamungkas, Wahyu
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 12, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v12i3.644

The quality of feed is not only determined by the nutrient content and digestibility of the feed or feed ingredients, but also determined by the palatability of the feed. Palatability is one of important factor in the preparation of rations, because palatability affects the amount of feed intake. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of feed commercial mixed with palm kernel meal (PKM) that was hydrolyzed by sheep rumen liquor enzyme to palatability of feed by measuring total feed consumption and growth responses of seed catfish (Pangasius hypopthalmus Sauvage). The feeds used in the study were commercial feed added hydrolyzed palm kernel meal (PKMe) and unhydrolized palm kernel meal (PKM). The treatments were as follows A). Commercial feed, B). 30% + 70% BKSecommercial feed30% PKMe + 70% commercial feed, C). 40% PKMe + 60% commercial feed, D). 30% PKM + 70% commercial feed, E). 40% PKM+ 60% commercial feed. Ten fishes with wight around 20 g were used in the trial and held in 80 l tanks. A completely randomized experimental design consisted of 1 variable and triplicates were selected. The result of the experiment showed that feed consumption was not significantly different among the treatment. It was showed that the test diet have a good palatability. The result of feed consumption, survival rate and growth responses observation showed that it was not significantly different among the treatments (P>0.05). Result of digestibility analysis showed that diet A and B have digestibility coefficient higher than diet C and D. Based on the evaluation in those parameters it was concluded that palm kernel meal that has been hydrolized by sheep rumen liquor enzyme have a good palatability and can be used as feed for seed catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus Sauvage) with addition of up to 40% in the feed.

SKRINING DAN ISOLASI METABOLIT AKTIF ANTIBAKTERI KULTUR JAMUR ENDOFIT DARI TUMBUHAN Albertisia papuana Becc. [Screening and Isolation of Antibacterial Active Metabolite from the Culture of Endophytic Fungi from Albertisia papuana Becc.] Fathoni, Ahmad; Ilyas, Muhammad; Cahyana, Antonius Herry; Agusta, Andria
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 12, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Totally 15 isolates of endophytic fungi were obtained from leaves and young stems of a medicinal plant Albertisia papuana Becc.(Menispermaceae). The antibacterial screening of the ethyl acetate extract derived from the fungi cultures in potato dextrose broth (PDB)were performed on a non eluted Thin Layer Chromatography Bioautography assay (TLC bioautography assay). From the screening test, itwas found that the ethyl acetate extract of the fungus Xylaria sp. DAP-KRI-5 culture showed strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The isolation of active metabolite based on the bioautography guided assay from ethyl acetate extract of the Xylaria sp. DAP-KRI-5, led us to identify phloroglucinol as a main antibacterial compound. The chemical structure of phloroglucinol was deduced from it spectral data, including UV-Vis, 1H and 13C-NMR, GC-MS and published data elsewhere.

KUALITAS KRIOPRESERVASI SEMEN RUSA BAWEAN {Axis kuhlii (Temminck, 1836)} HASIL PENANGKARAN [Quality of Cryopreserved Semen of Captive Bawean Deer {Axis kuhlii (Temminck, 1836)}] Wirdateti, Wirdateti; Nugraha, R Taufiq P; Semiadi, G; Widyastuti, SK; Yulianto, Yulianto
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 12, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Bawean Deer {Axis kuhlii (Temminck, 1836)} is an endemic deer species from Bawean island, Indonesia. Under the National Protection act, the species is listed as protected and in the IUCN is categorized as Critically Endangered. In order to maintain the existence of these species, wildlife conservation of germplasm is needed through development of technique of sperm cryopreservation for Bawean deer semen. The sperm were collected from captive animals in Station for Beef Cattle Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, at Grati, Pasuruan, which consisted of two adult males and two sub-adult males. The research objective was to determine the quality and quantity of preserved sperm from captive deer Bawean in the form of frozen semen for conservation needs and further usage. Prior to sperm collections, the animal was anesthetized with mixture of xylazine and ketamin. Sperm was then collected by an electroejaculator using a 2-cm probe diameter and 17 cm of length. Extender solution used was tris glycerol. The semen was able to be collected only from two adult stags with sperm motility of 50-60% and sperm concentration was in the range of 500-1140 x 106sel/ml. This study suggested the need for monitoring the developmentof sperm in relation to antler development.

ANALISIS RAGAM GENOTIP RAPD DAN FENOTIP TRUSS MORFOMETRIK PADA TIGA POPULASI IKAN GABUS [Channastriata(Bloch, 1793)] [Analysis of Genotype Variation and Truss Morphometricof Three Populations of Snakehead Fish [Channa striata (Bloch, 1793)] Gustiano, Rudhy; Oktaviani, Tia; Soelistyowati, Dinar Tri; Kusmini, Irin Iriana; Wahyutomo, Wahyutomo; Huwoyon, Gleni Hasan
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 12, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

In order to manage genetic resources for aquaculture development of snakehead fishChannastriata(Bloch, 1793), genetic variability of three populations from different geographical areas is needed to be understood. The purpose of this study was to identify the genotype and fenotype of snakehead fish from Jawa, Sumatera and Kalimantan using RAPD and âTrussâ morphometric. RAPD method used OPA-02, OPA-04 and OPA-07 primers.While twenty one measurement of truss morphometric was done on the body of fish observed. The results showed that population from Java had higher percentage of polymorphism and heterozygosity than those of Sumatera and Kalimantan, accounted for 83.33% and 0.3655 respectively. Population from Kalimantan and Sumatera had the lowest genetic distance of 0.1170.Meanwhile,the highest genetic distance (0.1908) was observed between population from Kalimantan and Java.Interpopulation relation based on the similarity of truss morphometric population from Sumatera and Kalimantan was 50%. However, those populations had similarity of 24.96% with population from Java. Coefficient variation of morphometric data showed that variation of population from Kalimantan was higher than those of Jawa and Sumatera.

PERGERAKAN LUTUNG JAWA Trachypithecus auratus (E. Geoffroy 1812) PADA FRAGMEN HABITAT TERISOLASI DI TAMAN WISATA ALAM GUNUNG PANCAR (TWAGP) BOGOR [The Movement of Javan Langur Trachypithecus auratus (E. Geoffroy 1812) in Isolated Habitat Fragment in TWAGP Bogor] Sulistyadi, Eko; Kartono, Agus Priyono; Maryanto, Ibnu
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 12, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Javan langur is protected spesies of primates that highly threatened. Habitat degradation as a major threat causes javan langur Trachypithecus auratus (E. Geoffroy 1812) populations living in isolated habitat fragments. The research was carried out to determine the daily movement of javan langur in TWAGP as form of adaptation in isolated habitat fragments. The study was conducted in May-June 2012 by using focal animal sampling method. Vegetation analysis was performed with a point centered quarter method. The results showed that there were three major land cover types used by the Javan langur, i.e. forest, transitional forest-cultivation and cultivation. The dominant activity occurred in transisional forest-cultivation habitat (48.19%). The highest proportion of activity wass resting (33.65%) followed by feeding (30.68%), moving (27.08%) and social activities (8.60%). Based on the variations of vegetation strata, the dominant activity performed at stratum C(4-20 meters) accounted for 80.07%.

ANALISIS KARBOKSIMETIL SELULOSA DARI BAKTERI Acetobacter xylinum DAN Acetobacter sp. RMG-2 [Analysis of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Acetobacter xylinum and Acetobacter sp. RMG-2 Bacteria] Melliawati, Ruth; Djohan, Apridah Cameliawati
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 12, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v12i3.642

Bacterial cellulose has long been manufactured and used for industrial purposes and health. Bacterial cellulose more profitable than the cellulose plants because during the manufacturing process, they do not harm the environment. The purpose of this study was to identify differences of cellulose produced by Acetobacter xylinum and Acetobacter sp. RMG-2 from that produced by plants. The study was also aimed to determine superiority of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) produced by those bacteria. The medium HB was prepared for the production of cellulose from both bacteria. Bacterial cellulose preparation was carried out to obtain solid fine powder, followed by manufacturing carboxymethyl cellulose through several stages to obtain CMC powder. CMC analysis was performed for both bacteria and plants targeted on the surface structure of cellulose, the density of solids, viscosity CMC and functional groups. As a result, the surface fiber cellulose plants had a wider space than fiber cellulose bacterium. The density of solids of CMC A. xylinum, A. sp. RMG-2 and plant were 30.9998 g/cm3, 0.0079 g/cm3 and 0.9978 g/cm3 respectively. Viscosity of the CMC were of 5.78 cP, 5.25 cP and 5.91 cP for each A. xylinum,A. sp. RMG-2 and plant. CMC functional groups of bacteria has met the parameters of success as indicated by the infrared spectrum since it formed a methyl group, carboxyl group and the group of sugar. Cellulose Acetobacter sp. RMG-2 and A. xylinum cellulose can replace plants through the process of compound alkalization with sodium hydroxide, because the compound can lower the level of density of pores of cellulose fibers. The CMC resulting from bacterial cellulose as good as CMC plant and had characteristics resembling CMC plant.

PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO DAN LARVA IKAN PATIN NASUTUS (Pangasius nasutus Bleeker, 1863) (Pangasiidae; Pisces) [Embryonic and Larval Development of Patin Nasutus (Pangasius nasutus Bleeker, 1863) (Pangasiidae; Pisces)] Iswanto, Bambang; Tahapari, Evi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 12, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Patin nasutus (Pangasius nasutus Bleeker, 1863) (Pangasiidae; Pisces) is a potential pangasiid catfish species to be cultured in Indonesia.Many efforts has been done to explore the potency of P.nasutus for aquaculture purposes.However, basic knowledge is still very rare such as its embryonic and larval development.The present study aimed to understand the embryonic and larval development of P. nasutus resulted from induced spawning of P.nasutus brooders at Research Institute for Fish Breeding, Sukamandi. Those embryonic and larval development were observed microscopically.The results showed that diameter of the ovulated oocytes ranged 1.40-1.65 mm and fertilized eggs ranged 1.90-2.15 mm.The embryogenesis consisted of several stages as follow: morula, blastula, gastrula, organ developments and newly hatched larvae occured within periods of (minutes) 20-200, 190-220, 210-660, 600-1,140 and 1,800-2,160 after fertilization at water temperature of 28-29oC. Total length of the newly hatched larvae ranged 4.80-5.10 mm with anterior, posterior and dorsal parts of the yolk sac coloured black pigmentation. On caudal peduncle, the black spot existed since 36 hours after hatching was a strong character for P.nasutus larvae.Volume of the yolk sac was 2.65Â±0.14 mm3, for which 50% absorbed at 36 hours after hatching and relative fully absorbed at 78 hours after hatching. The larvae have complete morphology as adult after seven days. During early developmental stage, larvae showed cannibalism since the third day, corresponding to the first exogenous feeding.

SERAT KULIT KAYU BAHAN SANDANG: KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS DAN PROSPEKNYADI INDONESIA Rahayu, Mulyati; Sihotang, Vera Budi Lestari
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 12, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Indonesia has known to have several fiber plants used as rope, craft and clothing material. The literature study, observations well as interview with local community in several places in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Moluccas and Sulawesi suggested that there were nine fiber plant species that were used as clothing material in the past. But clothing material from the bark of Broussonetia papyrifera (L.)L?Her. ex Vent.,?kumpe?, is still being fabricated and used in Cental Sulawesi up to now.Two of those nine fiber plant species for clothing material had good economic value namely Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich and Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L?Her. ex Vent.

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