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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 2,125 Documents

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INDUKSI KALUS DAN REGENERASI TANAMAN DARI KULTUR ANTERA PADI Fl HYBRID (ORYZA SATIVA L.) Dwimahyani, Ita; Ishak, Ishak; Sobrizal, Sobrizal
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

A haploid breeding program was initiated to develop doubled haploid blast tolerance rice breeding via anther culture.Blast tolerant variety (Laka) was crossed with Kencana Bali (sensitive to blast).Anthers from F1 were cultured on two kind of media (combination of N6 macro salt and MS micro salt) containing 1 mg/l NAA + 0,1 mg/l kinetin called medium-1 and another one containing 1 mg/l 2,4-D + 0,1 mg/l kinetin called medium-2.Anthers were treated with cold shock (4 Â°C)for 5 and 10 days before cultured.Results of experiment showed that F1 plants derived anthers were able to form call Number ofplantlets were produced during anthers culture consisted of 482 green plants and 50 albinos. Most of green plants did not produced root.Root growth of plantlets were induced with 1.5-4.5 mg/l IBA in MS medium.

KINERJA Saccharomyces cerevisiae REKOMBINAN [GLO1] DALAM PROSES SIMULTAN HIDROLISIS PATI DAN FERMENTASI UNTUK PRODUKSI BIOETANOL Baktir, Afaf; Cholifah, Nur; Sumarsih, Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Recent development in fermentations for bioethanol production were focused three factors, i.e. abundance and cheap substrates,superior yeast fermenting the substrates, and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) technology.Nowadays national and world bioethanol production still depend on sugar cane and starchy materials.This research aims to determinate the optimum simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) conditions to identify the performance of local strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae recombinant [GLO1] in the producing bioethanol from starch.The optimum conditions for SSF process are in a media composition containing glucose 2% (w/v), starch 5% and at aeration rate 50 rpm.At these optimum conditions Saccharomyces cerevisiae recombinant [GLO1] produce 25.36% (v/v) bioethanol at day-20 of the fermentation process design.

PERTUMBUHAN DAN MORTALITAS IKAN ENDEMIK BUTINI (Glossogobius matanensis Weber, 1913) DI DANAU TOWUTI, SULAWESI SELATAN [Growth and Mortality of Endemic Fish Butini (Glossogobius matanensis Weber,1913) in Lake Towuti, South Sulawesi] Mamangkey, Jefry Jack; Nasution, Syahroma Husni
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v13i1.651

Lake Towuti is the largest lake in the Malili Complex covering the area of 560 km and 203 m in depth. Butini is an endemic and vulnerable fish species that consumed by the local people and have an important economic value. Various activities occured in the lake was thought to be the cause of decreasing fish populations.The objective of this study was to determine the growth and mortality of butini in Lake Towuti.This research was conducted in Lake Towuti for 12 months from Mei 2006 to April 2007.Fish samples obtained by using long lines with various number of hooks i.e. 8,10,12,14,and 16.Each depth (25, 50, 75, 100, 150, and 200 m) launched one long line unit in three zones (A, B, and C).Growth and fish mortality were calculated based on total length frequency data using FiSAT II software. The results showed that the longest size (46.20 cm) was the male found at a depth of -1,200(t-to)150 m in April in Zone C.The combined Von Bertalanffyâs growth pattern was of L(t)= 46,62 [1 - e ]. While the growth pattern for each male -0,950(t-to) -0,820(t-to) and female was L(t) =46,62 [1 - e ] and L(t)= 46,62 [1 - e ] respectively. The highest total mortality was found in Zone B (5.49 per year) occurred in female fish. The highest natural mortality was observed in Zone B (1.80 per year) occurred in male fish.The highest fishing mortality was recorded in zone B (4.08 per year) and found in female fish. The highest exploitation level was found in zone A (E = 0.76) recorded in female fish.Exploitation level of butini stock in Lake Towuti indicated over-fishing (E=0.56) recorded in Zone A.

TATA AIR PODOLANDAK (Baccaurea sp.), SPESIES JARANG KAWASAN HUTAN TROPIK TERDEGRADASI AKIBAT PENAMBANGAN EMAS DI BOJONGPARI, JAMPANG, PELABUHAN RATU, JAWA BARAT Naiola, B. P.
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Forest exploitation activities always brings some environmental problems such as reduction in individual plant or species biodiversity and some physical deterioration which lead to microclimate change.This study presenting the results of measurement of plant-water relations against a shrub plant (Sundanese) podolakan (Baccaurea sp.),a rare species in a degraded tropical forest land under gold mining pressure in Jampang,Pelabuhan Ratu, West Java.Results shows that no significant differences between plants growing in the degraded and non-degraded (natural) sites in their water relations aspects emphasized on water potential components i.e. total water potential (Â¥, -MPa): 0,48 and 0,38, osmotic potential (Â¥â, -MPa):1,64 and 1,44 and turgor pressure (y/p, MPa): 1,16 and 1,06 respectively. The values of their fat turgorloss point showed no significant different either between degraded and natural sites, i.e. -1,93 MPa and -1,43 MPa.Interestingly, in comparison with the dominant species i.e. puspa (Schima wallichii (DC) Korth.) in the non-degraded site, results shows a significant different between these two degraded forest species in their Â¥â (0,01>P>0,001), where there was better developed in the rare species (-1,44 MPa) than the dominant ones (-1,29 MPa). While in the degraded site, there was also a significant different (P<0,001),where the rare species had better development (-1,64 MPa) than the dominant (-0,67 MPa). It seems that the dominant spesies in the degraded site underwent more environmental (water) stress than the rare species as shown by more negative of its Y (-0,82 MPa),while rare species was only -0.48 MPa. Water potentials at turgor loss points were not significantly different between Baccaurea sp. in degraded and natural sites.It is suggested that even though as a rare species, Baccaurea sp.retained better water status. This is maybe due to its position in the forest as lower strata plants, thus received less effect of climatic stress in upper canopy such as more light intensity and bigger wind flow. Hence, in natural reclamation, plant species like Baccaurea sp. may have better chance to role as pioneering species. No significant differences in f at f(turgor loss points) between the degraded and natural sites (-1..93 and -1,43 MPa respectively). It is suggested that water is not a limiting factor for the plants in degraded tropical forest site under gold mining pressure.

THE EFFECT OF CULTURE MEDIA AND ACTIVATED CHARCOAL ON ASYMBIOTIC SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING DEVELOPMENT OF A THREATENED ORCHID Dendrobium taurulinum J.J. Smith IN VITRO [Pengaruh Media Kultur dan Arang Aktif pada Perkecambahan Biji dan Perkembangan Seedling Anggrek Langka Dendrobium taurulinum J. J. Smith in vitro] Nurfadilah, Siti
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Seed germination and seedling development are an initial and crucial stage in the plant growth and development. Many factors influence seed and seedling development. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different culture media (KC, VW, and MS) and the concentration of activated charcoal (0 g/l and 2 g/l) on asymbiotic seed germination and seedling development of a threatened Â orchid, Dendrobium taurulinum. Results showed that germination occurred regardless of culture media type, however the percentage of seed germination was higher on media with 2 g/l activated charcoal (> 90 %) than on media without activated charcoal (0 g/l). After 12 weeks asymbiotic seed culture, seeds sown on media with 2 g/l activated charcoal grew and developed more rapidly to leaf-bearing protocorms (seedlings) compared to media without activated charcoal.The highest occurrence of advanced seedlings (stage 4, 89.77%) was Â observed on MS medium with 2 g/l activated charcoal.

PENGARUH INTERAKSI HARA NITROGEN DAN FOSFOR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea Mays L) PADA TANAH REGOSOL DAN LATOSOL Fahmi, Arifin; Utami, Sri Nuryani H; Radjagukguk, Bostang
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v10i3.744

Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) are essential nutrients for plant.The deficiency one of these nutrients will be limiting the plant growth.A glass house experiment with one treatment factor was conducted to study the effect and interaction of N and P fertilizers application on maize growth in regosol and latosol soils. The results show that the interaction of N and P fertilizers application(N 1 P 1) on regosol had a significant influence to plant height on 3 to 7 weeks after planting, whilst on latosol had a significant influence to plant height on 1 to 5 weeks after planting. The shoot dry weight, root dry weight and total dry weight of maize on regosols and latosol soils were significantly influenced by the interaction of N and P fertilizers application (N 1 P 1). There were a positive correlation between N and P fertilizers application on both soils types to the total plant dry weight.

KEMAMPUAN HIDUP KOLONI-KOLONI WERENG HIJAU Nephotettix virescens (Distant) PADA BEBERAPA GOLONGAN KETAHANAN VARIETAS PADI [Survival Rates of Green Leafhopper Nephotettix virescens (Distant) Colonies in Several Resistant Rice Varieties] Trisnaningsih, Trisnaningsih; Siwi, SS; Muhadjir, MM; Amir, M
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Rice Research Institute Bogor, on October 1996 to February 1997. The aim of the experiment was to study the survival rate and nymphal stages of these cobnies on a set group of rice varieties with different gen of resistance agains tungro disease. How far the source of resistance gen has been broken after the varieties have been planted by farmers alter several years. The source of colonies were taken from Bali, Central Java, West Java and South Sulawesi. Observation has been taken for the survival rate and the nymph period of each colony on each of varieties tested i. e. TO-Cisadane; T1-IR26; T2- Ciliwung; T3-IR 64 and T4-IR 72. The Completed Randomised Design was used to analyze the results. The results indicated that IR 72 still show resistance to N. virescens Bali colony and Centra! Java as shown from the longer of nymph periods compared to Cisadane as control variety. The survival rate was also still tow (21,66%), while on susceptible variety Cisadane reached around 66,66%. However, from West Java and South Sulawesi colonies, IR 72, no significant different has been found with Cisadane. IR26 and Ciliwung found to be resistant against colony of South Sulawesi as indicated from the low of survival rate i.e 10% and 28,33% respectively. IR 64 has been adapted for all colonies tested as shown from the higher of survival rate and the shorter of nymphs periods.

PENGELOLAAN AIR, BAHAN ORGANIK DAN VARIETAS ADAPTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL PADI DI LAHAN RAWA PASANG SURUT [Water Management, Organic Matter Application and Using Adaptable Variety to Increase Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Productivity on Tidal Swamp Land] Koesrini, Koesrini; Anwar, Khairil
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Iron toxicity is a factor causing low rice yield on tidal swamp land (TSL).Soil quality improvement by using water management, organic matter and introducing adaptable varietywere some options to increaseits productivity in the soils. Field experiment was conducted to Â evaluate effects of applying water management, organic matter and adaptable variety to increase its productivity on a TSL of KP Belandean, Barito Kuala District of South Kalimantan, during dry season of 2010. The research was arranged in a split-split-plot design with three Â replicates. The main plots were two water management, i.e: P0 = without water management (control) and P1= intermittent water management, while sub plots were three organic matter application, i.e: B0 = without organic matter application (control), B1 = straw Â compost 3 t/ha, B2 = manure 2 t/ha, and sub sub plots were five rice varieties, i.e. V1 = Mekongga, V2 = Inpari 1, V3 = Ciherang, V4 = Silugonggo and V5 = Margasari. The result showed that there was interaction between water management and variety tested on rice yield in TSL. The highest yield was reached by Inpari 1 variety which treatment intermitten water management, with Â yield i.e. 5.390 t/ ha.Silugonggo and Ciherang was not suitable to cultivate on TSL. The implication of this research was variety recomendation on a tidal swamp land, i.e. Inpari 1 variety and intermitten water management.Â

DEVELOPMENT OF PURE CULTURE STARTER FOR KECAP, AN INDONESIAN SOY SAUCE [Pengembangan Ragi Kecap Khas Indonesia Dengan Biakan Murni] Joko Sulistyo; Sulistyo, Joko; Nikkuni, Sayuki
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 6 (2005)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

In order to prevent aflatoxin contamination during the production of kecap, an Indonesian soy sauce, a white-spored mutant K-IA strain induced from an aflatoxin-negative koji mold was applied to koji making process of kecap. While kecap koji making process took 9 days by conventional method without inoculum, the use of K-IA strain as a starter shortened the process to 3 days at room temperature. The koji prepared with this starter contained 2.3 x 107 cfu/g of Aspergillus sp. K-IA as the dominant speciesand some contaminants from the environment such as other species of Aspergillus (2.0 x 10 cfu/g) and Mucorales (1.4 x 10s cfu/g). The mash prepared with kecap koji inoculated with this starter contained higher formol nitrogen (FN) and water-soluble nitrogen (WN) than those prepared with koji inoculated without any starter.These results demonstrated that the use of this starter did not only contribute to the prevention of aflatoxin contamination but also improved the conventional kecap fermentation process.

POTENSI EKSTRAK PEGAGAN (Centella Asiatica) DAN KUNYIT (Curcuma longa) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS ENZIM GLUTATION PEROKSIDASE (GSH Px) PADA JARINGAN HATI TIKUS [Potency of Centella asiatica and Curcuma longa Extracts in Increasing Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) Enzyme Activities in The Liver Tissue of Rats] Aswani, Tuti; Manalu, Wasmen; Suprayogi, Agik; Rahminiwati, Min
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Â This experiment was designed to study the effect of pegagan (Centella asiatica) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) extracts on the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH- Px) in liver of white Spraque Dawley rat aged 2 months old with average weight of 200 grams. Pegagan was extracted using infuse method, and turmeric was extracted using dekokta method. The activity of GSH-Px was measured using Flohe and Gunzlerâs methods. Extract pegagan and turmeric were assumed to have both preventive and curative treatments. For the preventive treat- ment, extract pegagan and turmeric at concentrations of 22.05 mg/ml : 184.1 mg/ml could increased the activity of GSH-PX enzyme, i.e. 232.60 Â± 21.40 mU / mgprotein. This was approximately 79% than the levels of GSH- Px enzyme in normal liver without paracetamol which was 190.78 Â± 9.28 mU/mgprotein. For the curative treatment, extract pegagan and tumeric at concentration of 22.05 mg/ml : 184.1 mg/ml could improved GSH- Px enzyme activity (i.e. 239.01 Â± 47.40 mU/ mgprotein). This figure was about 92% higher than the levels of GSH-Px enzyme in the liver normal without paracetamol which was 190.78 Â± 9.28 mU/mg protein. Pegagan and turmeric extracts with a high concentration could increased the activity of GSH-Px enzyme, thus potential as curative treatment.

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