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Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik

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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 20867050 EISSN : 25286013 DOI : 10.20473/mkp.V34I22021.119-132

Core Subject : Humanities, Art,

Arts Humanities

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 404 Documents

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Ethical identification of Muslim women on Mandangin Island: An ethnographic study Anas Ahmadi
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 1 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

In a community, ethics have a connection with religion. A person whose religion is vital would respect the ethics associated with that religion. Along with the current technology development, community ethics have begun to change, whether quickly or slowly. In a community, this change of ethics happens because it follows the development within modernism and globalization. This study explores the ethical identification of Muslim women in Mandangin Island, Madura Island, East Java. This study uses an ethnographic method that refers to Spradley’s. Data obtained from interviews with female informants who are categorized: adolescents, mothers, and grandmothers. Based on this research data, it is known that there are three ethics of Muslim women in Mandangin Island. First, they uphold ethics, who into this group (from young to old) do not want to ride a motorbike and wear jeans that are respected on and off the island. Second, those who carry out an ethical transformation, in this group, they (teenagers) adhere to manners while on Mandangin Island; however, they ride motorbikes and wear jeans outside the island. On the one hand, those who fall into this category want to appreciate and uphold ethics in the people of Mandangin Island and want to follow modernism. They want to be able to ride motorbikes and wear jeans like most women. Third, those who violate ethics. It is most unusual for the third category because Muslim women consider themselves to adhere to religion and ethics.

Customary assets conflict and their impact on social relations fragmentations Bayu Adhinata
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 33 No. 4 (2020): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

This research focuses on studying conflicts involving traditional villages in fighting over the ownership status of the Temple of Death (Pura Dalem) as an asset that must be owned by a traditional village. Conflict involving two traditional villages in Bali, namely Kemoning and Budaga Village in Klungkung, resulted from a claim of ownership by one of the parties ahead of a massive celebration tribute to this temple’s birth centuries ago. The ownership claim led to rejection from another party, who said their traditional village was also entitled to the Temple of Death. This mutual ownership claim then escalated into an open conflict that resulted in casualties and injuries between the two parties. This research seeks to outline the root problems of this conflict and describe the actors, dynamics, and impacts of the conflict. This study used a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with five informants consisting of two key informants (former heads of the Kemoning and Budaga Villages), one Klungkung resort police officer, and two people Kemoning and Budaga Village residents. Moore, Mitchell, Furlong, and Kriesberg use several perspectives to analyze the social conflict. The results showed that the problem of the two traditional villages lies in the inaccuracy of historical data, besides that there are different perspectives between the two parties about the existence of this temple, excessive control, and dominance in the management and poor communication caused the emergence of a hostile relationship pattern, raising mutual claims over the ownership of this Temple of Death. The dispute that led to this clash created an increasingly tenuous relationship between the two traditional villages.

Incivility and disrespectfulness in online political discussion Angga Prawadika Aji; Ari Sapto
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 33 No. 3 (2020): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Reader’s comment columns on online political news pages are locations where political discussions between citizens can emerge and develop. The reader comment column is a standard feature of almost all media sites because of its ability to initiate discussion and promote a particular article or issues within the news site. Unfortunately, in its development, the online comment column’s discussion process is often filled by incivility and disrespectful expressions, such as sentences containing insults, condemnation, or expressions full of anger. Such sentences have the potential to undermine the discussion process and encourage pointless arguments, especially in articles that discuss political polarity. This study aims to determine the extent to which incivility and disrespectful expressions appear in readers’ comments columns of online news sites, especially on polarized political issues. This study uses content analysis techniques on 403 comments in political news on Detik.com, one of Indonesia’s main news portals. The results show that although the incivility expression shows a small number, the form of disrespectful shows a high number in the readers’ comments. The highest form of the expression of disrespectful is the expression tat contains name-calling (23%), followed by hyperbole (15.6%) and the use of sarcasm (6.2%). The high number of disrespectful expressions seems to be related to the comment column service feature that allows users to use anonymous identities.

Advantages of implementing mediamorphosis in supporting Using-ethnic programs at Radio Sritanjung FM Banyuwangi Zainal Abidin Achmad; Juwito Juwito; Yuli Candrasari; Asia Ashfaq
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 2 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Many private radio businesses have experienced a decline in advertising revenue during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, this did not happen to Radio Sritanjung FM Banyuwangi, which implemented mediamorphosis to support its broadcasts. This study aims to map the application of mediamorphosis in supporting the broadcast of cultural programs on Radio Sritanjung FM, Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia. This study used a qualitative virtual ethnographic method, which requires researchers to enter two research areas: the natural world and the virtual world. Researchers interacted freely with eight informants, such as Using-ethnic figures, Muslim leaders, radio station management, local advertisers, and loyal listeners through in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) to understand the ongoing mediamorphosis process in a virtual network. The research analysis using network society theory shows that the mediamorphosis process of Radio Sritanjung FM began in 2011 with Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. The latest technology application is audio streaming to support, promote, and disseminate the Using’s ethnic culture to foreign countries. The application of mediamorphosis during the COVID-19 pandemic presents a harmonization between cultural programs and Islamic religious values, strengthening the local identity of the Using-ethnicity, and increases financial benefits.

Women in the tradition of male-female power relations in the post-divorce period: A case study in Tanjung Village, Sumenep Regency, Madura Sinta Nuriyah; Maurelia Vidiara Auliaviav; Nahdia Arifani
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 1 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Power relations between women and men tend to benefit men more than women. In this context, power has the meaning of influencing other parties and making them unconscious. This study aimed to determine the relationship between men and women in terms of power relations. Power is not a function of class domination based on economic control or manipulation of ideology (Marx), and it is also not based on other people’s charm. Instead of perceived negatively, power should be regarded as something positive and productive. This study employs Foucault’s theory of power relations, and Foucault illustrates that power is not centralized and unstructured. Power has the meaning of complex situations and strategies in people’s lives. This study used a qualitative method with interview, observation, and documentation techniques. Men’s power relations in Sumenep Regency to their former spouses occurred in the form of responsibility and attention, giving even the formal husband and wife relationship has ended. Power relations can be seen from verbal communication. According to Foucault, knowledge is not a theory; however, discourse is a truth built by initiators. Men continue to dominate their former spouses when they visited their ex-wife and still fulfill the responsibilities of children living costs. The situation will lead to a reluctance’s sense to the ex-wives because of the effort to maintain a good relationship. The ex-wife chose to ask permission from the ex-husband when to remarry as a tradition to avoid misunderstanding in previously-related parties.

The impact of women’s co-operative in a rural area in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Rustinsyah Rustinsyah; Pudjio Santoso; Nurul Ratna Sari
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 1 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

One of the strategies to address the issue of poverty in rural areas is by empowering women. East Java provincial government, Indonesia, has allocated grants for women’s co-operatives in rural areas since 2015, in the same year of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) launch. This study describes the pattern of credit use in the women’s co-operative and its impact on low-income family livelihoods. The research was conducted at two women’s co-operatives in Plumpang District, Tuban Regency, Indonesia, from October 2017 to May 2018 using the qualitative approach. The data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussion, and survey about the co-operative members’ credit use. This study found that the co-operative members used the loans for daily needs, tuition fees, agricultural activities, and non-farming economic activities. The co-operative has increased children’s participation in low-income family informal education and strengthens social capital among poor people in rural areas; however, the co-operative still cannot cut the chain between low-income families and moneylenders the village. Consequently, further development of co-operatives in terms of quality and quantity is necessary for achieving the SDGs.

Approaches to international information security and the discourse of cyberspace Tauqeer Hussain Sargana; Mujahid Hussain Sargana; Muhammad Anns
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 33 No. 4 (2020): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

This paper investigates the notion of sovereignty and territorial integrity of states in cyberspace by carefully examining the information security debate. Nowadays, issues related to infosec are posing fundamental challenges to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of nation-states. Our analysis has attempted to answer the critical question, which aspect makes infosec the most pressing issue of the 21st century? The United States, The Russian Federation, and China are the three technologically superior nations and are included in the study to compare their understanding of infosec issues. The authors have typically relied on their expertise to interpret primary and secondary data because of descriptive discourse. Moreover, the study is efficiently conducted through a deductive approach and has applied non-kineticism as a theoretical model. The results showed that due to the compelling non-kinetic application of infosec, the debate at international forums had become a victim of geopolitical considerations. Results also revealed that the discourse of infosec needs to be disassociated from social freedom as it has been adopted for military application and requires a national security perspective to confine the course of security implications. In abstract, the notion of infosec has given birth to new contestation in the domain of cyberspace that altogether would lead the competition into the ‘digital battlefield.’

Paradox of humanitarian intervention: A critical analysis of theory and practice Tadelech Bubamo Welde; Baiq L. S. W. Wardhani
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 33 No. 3 (2020): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Since the end of the Cold War, thoughtlessness act in conducting ‘humanitarian interventions’ has posed analytical challenges for international relations academicians. Traditional security advocators have tried to distinguished implications of ‘humanitarianism’ based on their interest and how it helps state in regaining the outcome. This research identified motivation of state in conducting humanitarian intervention. There are growing studies, as expressed by the constructivist, that humanitarianism is states’ political weapon that shifted the involvement patterns of policymakers and actors in humanitarian interventions. On the other hand, primary criticism from realism stressed economic and political ambition behind humanitarian interventions and makes it impossible to be moral, ethical, and cosmopolitan. The objective of this study is to examine the practices, motives, and challenges of humanitarian interventions. Data gathered from published books and journals selected through rigorous analysis. The research finds that the failure of humanitarian interventions indicates the following: First, humanitarian interventions requires expensive cost in people’s life and other resources. Moreover, there is a moral obligation to save the victims. Second, actors are engaged to operate the mission and has limited right to demonstrate their self-interest to protect the victims. Third is the issue of sovereignty and the subjected state’s willingness to integrate. To overcome the problem, government should promote global governance transformation and the cosmopolitanism nature between actors.

Economic empowerment based on the strengthening of social capital in the implementation of village-owned enterprises Leylia Khairani; Ramlan Ramlan; Delyana Rahmawany Pulungan
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 2 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Village-owned enterprises or Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) is currently trying to realize Indonesia’s development from the periphery by strengthening villages' unitary framework state. However, BUMDes in North Sumatera have not utilized the potential of natural resources and the village’s potential. This study aims to reveal forms of economic empowerment based on strengthening social capital in implementing BUMDes. This study uses qualitative method research and the data were obtained through in-depth interviews to determine citizens’ involvement and participation in developing of BUMDes. This study found that community economic empowerment through the implementation of BUMDes in Mandailing Natal Districts reveals several elements of the role of social capital, which includes; 1) The involvement and participation of the community which is quite large. 2) Relationships between BUMDes managers, village leaders, and community members in the implementation of BUMDes are built based on the social system and cultural values of the Mandailing community. 3) Social norms and community beliefs refer to the social system and cultural values of the Mandailing community. Social capital that has been built through the social and cultural system strengthens trust in village-owned enterprises governance as an effort to empower the community’s economy in Mandailing Natal.

The creativity of waste management in Payakumbuh City, West Sumatera Moh. Ilham A. Hamudy; Mujaeni Mujaeni
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 34 No. 1 (2021): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Payakumbuh City continues to struggle with its waste management problem despite winning several prestigious Adipura awards. The local government has issued various handling instruments; therefore, it takes practical efforts to deal with it. This study’s objective was to find a solution to the waste problem in Payakumbuh City, West Sumatra. With descriptive methods and qualitative approach, the study found not a few unscrupulous citizens still littering and not complying with the provisions of the disposal time that has been set in Payakumbuh Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2014. Besides including increasing community involvement Payakumbuh City is making several improvements. On the other side, some innovation and creativity were needed to solve the problem. The innovations and creativity were in two aspects: law enforcement and its residents’ involvement, by promoting waste sorting, deployment of biopores, establishing waste banks, plastic waste processing, and composting. The two aspects must be supported by the provision of cross-subsidies for recycled products from the waste banks; facilitation of organic waste management training to the waste bank management community; and the establishment of a regional waste and fertilizer company a synergy between cleanliness, renewable energy, and agriculture.

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