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Jurnal Aquatic Science & Management, Gedung A Lantai 1, Pascasarjana, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Jln. Kampus UNSRAT Bahu, Manado 95115, INDONESIA
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INDONESIA
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 23374403     EISSN : 23375000     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35800/jasm.v10i1.37485
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT publishes scientific articles of original research based on in-depth scientific study in the field of aquatic science and management, covering aspects of limnology, oceanography, aquatic ecotoxicology, geomorphology, fisheries, and coastal management, as well as interactions among them.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Perairan
Articles 139 Documents
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Mercury (Hg) contamination in Manado Bay, North Sulawesi, Indonesia Ronoko, Stephen R; Karwur, Denny B.A; Lasut, Markus T
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 7, No 1 (2019): APRIL
Publisher : AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.7.1.2019.24993

Abstract

Title (Bahasa Indonesia):Kontaminasi merkuri (Hg) di Teluk Manado, Sulawesi Utara, IndonesiaArtisanal gold minings, which are situated in the highlands of the northern part of Sulawesi Island,use mercury (Hg) to extract gold and dischargetheirs tailings into rivers; one of the rivers(Bailang River) is connected to Manado Bay. This could cause Hg contamination into the bay. This study aimed to assess the contamination of Hg in the aquatic ecosystem of the bay. For the assessment, the bay was divided into 2 parts, namely the North and the South, and the contamination was assessed by measuring the total Hg concentration in sediments and fishes. Determination of Hg concentration refers to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 01-2896-1992 and Guidance of Balai Riset dan Standarisasi Industri Manado. The results showed that the range of Hg concentrations in fish varied by species; in the northern part of the bay: Holocentridae (0.1144-0.1151 ppm), Siganidae (0.0020-0.0034 ppm), Apogonidae (0.0461-0.050 ppm), and Nemipterus (0.0142-0.0144 ppm ). While in the southern part of the bay: Holocentridae (0.1090-0.1104 ppm), Siganidae (0.160-0.164 ppm), Apogonidae (0.1280-0.1291 ppm), Nemipterus (0.0522-0.0530 ppm) , and Priacanthus sp. (0.0194-0.0210 ppm). The average concentration of Hg in sediments of the bay around river mouths varied based on location, i.e. Bailang River was 0.0502 ppm, Sario River was 0.0270 ppm, Bahu River was 0.0615 ppm, and Malalayang River was 0.0143 ppm.Pertambangan emas rakyat menggunakan merkuri (Hg), yang berada di daerah dataran tinggi bagian Utara Pulau Sulawesi, membuang limbah tailing ke sungai menuju ke laut; satu dari sungai tersebut (Sungai Bailang) bermuara ke Teluk Manado. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan kontaminasi Hg ke lingkungan perairan teluk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kontaminasi Hg di ekosistem perairan teluk tersebut. Untuk penilaian, perairan teluk dibagi 2 bagian, yaitu bagian Utara dan Selatan, dan kontaminasi dinilai dengan cara mengukur konsentrasi Hg total pada sedimen dan ikan. Penentuan konsentrasi Hg mengacu Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 01-2896-1992 dan Panduan Balai Riset dan Standarisasi Industri Manado. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa kisaran konsentrasi Hg dalam ikan bervariasi berdasarkan jenis; dibagian Utara teluk: Holocentridae(0,1144-0,1151 ppm), Siganidae (0,0020-0,0034 ppm), Apogonidae (0,0461-0,050 ppm), dan Nemipterus (0,0142-0,0144 ppm).Sedangkandi perairan bagian Selatan teluk: Holocentridae (0,1090-0,1104 ppm), Siganidae (0,160-0,164 ppm), Apogonidae (0,1280-0,1291 ppm), Nemipterus (0,0522-0,0530 ppm),dan Priacanthus sp.(0,0194-0,0210 ppm). Konsentrasi rata-rata Hg di sedimen perairan teluk sekitar muara Sungai Bailang sebesar 0,0502 ppm, muara Sungai Sario sebesar 0,0270 ppm, muara Sungai Bahu sebesar 0,0615 ppm, dan muara Sungai Malalayang sebesar 0,0143 ppm.
Land suitability of seaweed farming in Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province Schaduw, Joshian N. W; Ngangi, Edwin L. A; Mudeng, Joppy D
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 1, No 1 (2013): April
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.1.1.2013.1972

Abstract

The success of seaweed cultivation is determined from the determination of the location. This is because the production and quality seaweed influenced by ecological factors including the condition of the substrate surface waters, water quality, climate, geographical bottom waters. Arakan villages in the District of South Minahasa regency become one of the centers of seaweed cultivation in the province of North Sulawesi. The specific objective of this study was obtained in the form of a map of suitability mapping seaweed cultivation areas; gathering data and information about the extent of the area, water capacity, area unit, and carrying water. The study was conducted in the waters of the village of Arakan, District Tatapaan, South Minahasa regency, North Sulawesi. When phase 3 study conducted every month from June to December in 2012. The analysis is based on space availability, suitability waters that support the cultivation of seaweed. Suitability space spatially waters using physical and chemical parameters of waters which is a prerequisite eligibility seaweed cultivation. Spatial observations by using a Geographic Information System (GIS) for the weights and scores in determining the suitability of land. Process is done through the preparation of spatial database and
Study of Sangihe-Filipino fishermen activity in Bitung City, North Sulawesi, Indonesia Thamin, Aswan; Manoppo, Victoria N; Mantiri, Desy M.H
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 1, No 2 (2013): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.1.2.2013.7284

Abstract

The study was conducted in the coastal area of Lembeh Strait, Bitung City, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Seven districts comprised the test site. The aim of this research was to analyze the activity of fishermen of Sangihe-Filipino descent (Sa-Fi) by multiple regression analysis. Primary data concerning fishing activities of Sa-Fi Fishermen was obtained through interview techniques, questionnaires and field observation. Activity values ​​(Y) show a factor of fishing activities (Xn) which allegedly affect the fishermen activities. These results indicated that the activity of Sa - Fi fishermen affected by the language that they use in carrying out life as a fisherman in Bitung City. Old fishermen settled in Bitung correlated with fishing knowledge. Sa-Fi fishermen fishing knowledge correlated with the number of dependents and income of fishermen families. Sa-Fi fishermen's income is correlated with their spending. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah pesisir Selat Lembeh Kota Bitung pada 7 kecamatan sebagai lokasi penelitian, untuk menganalisis aktivitas nelayan keturunan Sangihe-Filipina (Sa-Fi) dengan analisis regresi berganda. Data primer mengenai aktivitas nelayan Sa-Fi diperoleh melalui teknik wawancara, penyebaran kuesioner dan observasi lapangan. Nilai aktivitas (Y) menunjukkan faktor kegiatan penangkapan ikan (Xn) yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas nelayan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas nelayan Sa-Fi dipengaruhi oleh bahasa yang mereka gunakan dalam menjalankan kehidupannya sebagai nelayan di Kota Bitung. Lama menetap nelayan Sa-Fi di Kota Bitung berkorelasi dengan pengetahuan menangkap ikan. Pengetahuan menangkap ikan nelayan Sa-Fi berkorelasi dengan jumlah tanggungan keluarga dan pendapatan nelayan. Pendapatan nelayan Sa-Fi berkorelasi dengan pengeluaran nelayan.
Study on the use of different light intensities on fish catch of raft lift net in Dodinga Bay, West Halmahera Regency Alwi, Djainudin; Kaparang, F. E.; Patty, Wilhelmina
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 2, No 2 (2014): Oktober
Publisher : Graduate Program of Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.2.2.2014.12408

Abstract

Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Kajian penggunaan intensitas cahaya lampu yang berbeda terhadap hasil tangkapan bagan perahu di perairan Teluk Dodinga, Kabupaten Halmahera Barat Raft lift net fishermen in Dufa-Dufa, Ternate City, are using the gasoline lamp “petromax”, as accessory equipment in fishing operation. In relation to its development, global energy saving and gasoline conversion to liquid petroleum gas (LPG), it is necessary to design an easier fishing technology either for energy saving, gear use efficiency or economic efficiency in association with utilization time and fish catch increment. The study was aimed at 1) determining the different effect of Tornado Cool light on number of fish and fish species; 2) studying the optimal light intensity for raft lift net fishing operation. Results showed that total fish catches of each light intensity treatment were 867.3 kg for TC10 (240 watts), 1,500 kg for TC8 (192 watts), and 804 kg for TC6 (144 watts), respectively. Five fish species were caught: anchovy (Stelophorus sp.), 56.62%, sardine (Sprateloides delicatulus), 35.03%, long-jawed mackerel (Rastrelligger kanagurta), 4.80%, squid (Loligo sp.), 3.05%, scad (Selaroides sp.), 0.50%. The statistical test indicated no significant difference between mean catch of different light intensity treatments. Nelayan bagan perahu di Kelurahan Dufa-Dufa Kota Ternate yang beroperasi di perairan Teluk Dodinga masih mengandalkan lampu petromaks sebagai alat bantu penangkapan ikan. Sejalan dengan berkembangnya penghematan energi secara global dan dengan adanya konversi minyak tanah ke gas, maka perlu didesain teknologi yang lebih mudah baik dalam rangka penghematan energi, efisien dalam penggunaan alat dan ekonomis yang dihubungkan dengan waktu penggunaan serta dapat meningkatkan hasil tangkapan maka, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk; 1) Mengetahui pengaruh intensitas yang berbeda dari lampu Tornado Cool terhadap jumlah dan jenis hasil tangkapan, 2) Mengkaji intensitas yang sesuai untuk pengoperasian Bagan perahu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah total hasil tangkapan yang diperolah masing-masing perlakuan lampu dengan intensitas cahaya yang berbeda yaitu TC10 (240 watt) sebesar 867,3 kg, TC8 (192 watt) 1500 kg, dan TC6 (144 watt) 804 kg. Terdapat 5 jenis ikan yang tertangkap dengan komposisi yakni Teri (Stelophorus sp) 56,62%, Sarden (Sprateloides delicatulus) 35,03%, Kembung (Rastrelligger kanagurta) 4,80 %, Cumi (Loligo sp) 3,05% dan Selar (Selaroides sp) 0,50%. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata antara rata-rata hitung hasil tangkapan dari perlakuan lampu dengan intesitas cahaya yang berbeda.
Business pattern and mini purse-seine fishing (pajeko) season in South Tobelo District, North Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province Hibata, Yubelina; Budiman, Johny; Luasunaung, Alfret
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 6, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.6.1.2018.24835

Abstract

Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Pola usaha dan musim penangkapan mini purse-seine(pajeko) di Kecamatan Tobelo Selatan, Kabupaten Halmahera Utara, Provinsi Maluku Utara The study uses a descriptive method and was carried out for 5 months. Data collection covered primary and secondary data. Primary data  was carried outthrough direct observation on production planning, production process, and control on the mini purse-seine fishing unit and through direct interviews with mini purse-seine owner and fishermen. Secondary datawas obtained from Marine and fisheries Service of North Halmahera. Literature study was conducted as well. The data were analyzed to find outthe business pattern practiced by mini purse-seine fishermen by usinginteractive model of analysis and time series analysis-based average percentage methodwas usedto get the fishing season.This study concluded that business pattern of fishermen in South Tobelo district was done by imposingthe operational cost on the investment owner in both peak and lowfishing seasons. Moreover, the profit sharing is divided by50% for townersand 50% for fishermen after operational cost, and 20% for the FAD if other FAD was used. The fishing season of the mini purse-seine in South Tobelo district occurrsin March, August and September, while the lowseason occursin January, February, June, November, and December.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan dilakukan selama 5 bulan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan baik pada data primer maupunsekunder.  Data primer dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung terhadap perencanaan produksi, proses produksi dan pengawasan produksi unit penangkapan pajekodan wawancara terhadap nelayan dan pemilik kapal pajeko.  Data sekunder dikumpulkan dari Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Kabupaten Halmahera Utara disamping itu dilakukan juga study pustaka.  Untuk mengetahui pola usaha yang dijalankan oleh nelayan pajekodigunakan interactive model of analysis.  Untuk analisis pola musim penangkapan ikan menggunakan metode persentase pata-rata (The Average Percentage Methods) yang didasarkan pada Analisis runtun raktu (Times Series Analysis).  Dari hasil Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola usaha yang digunakan oleh nelayan di Kecamatan Tobelo Selatan dilakukan dengan membebankan biaya operasional pada pemilik baik musim puncak maupun musim paceklik tiba. Disampaing itu system bagi hasil dibagi 50% untuk pemilik dan 50% untuk nelayan setelah dikeluarkan biaya operasional dan 20% untuk rumpon apabila menggunakan rumpon milik orang lain.  Musim penangkapan dengan pajekodi Kecamatan Tobelo Selatan terjadi pada bulan Maret, Agustus, dan September, sedangkan pada bulan Januari, Februari, Juni, November, sedangkan musim paceklik terjadi pada bulan Januari, Februari, November, dan Desember.
Abundance of coral-polyp-eating gastropods Drupella cornus in Bunaken National Park, Indonesia: indicating anthropogenic impact? Boneka, Farnis B; Mamangkey, N Gustaf F
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 1, No 1 (2013): April
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.1.1.2013.1961

Abstract

Corallivorous gastropods, Drupella cornus are living in the Indo Pacific coral reefs. To assess the distribution of the snails at Bunaken National Park in Indonesia, a study has been conducted on three zones established in three main islands of the park: core, tourism, and exploitation zones. The zones represent degrees of human interventions in which the least intervention is for core zone, moderate for tourism zone and high for the exploitation zone. The results showed that degrees of human interventions are related to the density of snails where the least human intervention zone (the core zone) had low numbers of snails while the high human intervention (exploitation) zone had high numbers of snails. Three corals in the zones that were preferred by the snails were: Montipora spp., Acropora spp., and Porites spp. The numbers of snails living on the corals followed the percent of coral cover© Gastropod pemakan polip karang, Drupella cornus hidup di areal terumbu karang Indo-Pasifik. Untuk mengetahui distribusi dari siput di Taman Nasional Bunaken, sebuah studi telah dilakukan pada tiga zona yang ditetapkan di tiga pulau utama di taman nasional ini: zona inti, zona pariwisata, dan zona pemanfaatan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tinggi-rendahnya intervensi manusia berhubungan dengan kepadatan siput di mana zona yang memiliki intervensi terendah (zona inti) memiliki jumlah siput sedikit sementara zona dengan intervensi tertinggi (zone pemanfaatan) memiliki jumlah siput terbanyak. Tiga spesies karang di ketiga zona ini yang disukai oleh siput adalah Montipora spp., Acropora spp., and Porites spp. Jumlah siput yang hidup di karang mengikuti jumlah persen tutupan karang©
Small island mitigation based on mangrove ecosystem management in Bunaken National Park Schaduw, Joshian N.W
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 1, No 2 (2013): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.1.2.2013.7275

Abstract

Small islands are susceptible to many environmental impacts. Impacts affecting ecological processes include climate change, sea level rise, natural disasters, abrasion, sedimentation, erosion and pollution. To minimize vulnerability the assessing the effectiveness of mitigation measures in these coastal ecosystems is urgently needed. This research analyzes vulnerability of a small island mangrove ecosystem and the effectiveness of management strategy for mangrove ecosystem based mitigation. This research uses both primary and secondary data. Primary data was gathered by sampling, field observation, and questionnaire analysis. Vulnerability index was analyzed using multi-dimensional scaling method, and vulnerability mapping was analyzed by using geographic information system (GIS) using the software Arcview Project 3.3. Stakeholder analysis was used for patterns and strategic management, through a technique SMART (Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique) using the software Criterium Decision Plus. The results show that Bunaken Island has the highest vulnerability level, followed by the island of Manado Tua, Nain, and the lowest level was found in Mantehage island. The most important factor of vulnerability in the small island Bunaken National Park is the area of mangrove ecosystem. Increased area of mangrove ecosystem will increase the effectiveness as a buffer zone as well as increase the capacity of the ecosystem on the social, economic, and governance dimensions. A management scheme which can accommodate a variety of problems faced by the mangrove ecosystem of small islands is a collaborative management by the government as the leading sector, with the highest priority on the management of the ecological dimension. Pulau-pulau kecil merupakan daerah yang rentan terhadap berbagai faktor. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah faktor ekologis. Faktor ekologi meliputi perubahan iklim, kenaikan permukaan air laut, bencana alam, abrasi, sedimentasi, erosi dan polusi. Untuk meminimalkan kerentanan, efektivitas ekosistem pesisir sangat dibutuhkan. Penelitian ini menganalisis kerentanan pulau kecil, efektivitas ekosistem mangrove, dan strategi pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove berbasis mitigasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui sampling, observasi lapangan, dan angket. Kerentanan dianalisis menggunakan metode multidimensional scaling, sedangkan pemetaan kerentanan dianalisis dengan sistem informasi geografis menggunakan perangkat lunak ArcView 3.3. Analisis Stakeholder digunakan untuk pola dan manajemen strategi, melalui teknik SMART (Simple atribut teknik Peringkat multi) dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Criterium Decision Plus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pulau Bunaken memiliki tingkat kerentanan tertinggi, diikuti oleh Pulau Manado Tua, Nain, dan Pulau Mantehage terendah. Faktor utama kerentanan di pulau kecil Taman Nasional Bunaken adalah luasan ekosistem mangrove. Peningkatan kawasan ekosistem mangrove akan meningkatkan efektivitas ekosistem mangrove sebagai buffer zone serta meningkatkan kapasitas ekosistem ini pada dimensi sosial, ekonomi, dan pemerintahan. Pola pengelolaan yang dapat menampung berbagai masalah yang dihadapi oleh ekosistem mangrove pulau-pulau kecil adalah kolaboratif manajemen dengan prioritas utam pada pengelolaan dimensi ekologi dan pemerintah sebagai leading sector.
The effectivity of polysaccharide extracted from marine algae, Euchema cottonii, on the immune response of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus ., Indriasari; Mangindaan, Remy E.P.; Rumengan, Inneke F.M.
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 2, No 1 (2014): April
Publisher : AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.2.1.2014.12387

Abstract

Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Efektifitas polisakarida yang diekstrak dari alga, Euchema cottonii, terhadap respon imun ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus)This study was aimed to test the effectiveness of polysaccharide extracts of algae, Eucheuma cottonii, in increasing the nonspecific immune response and to get an extract with best efficacy on the immune response of the tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The design used completely randomized design (CRD) using 4 treatments, 0 mg/kg of saline material (A), 10 mg/kg of E. cottonii extract (B), 10 mg/kg of Iota (C), and 100 cells/ml of formaline killed vaccine (FKV), Aeromonas hydrophilla, each of which were with 3 (three) replications. The fish were acclimated for 2 weeks, and then treated for 4 weeks. Test animals were vaccinated through intraperitoneal injection 2 times at one week interval as much as 0.2 ml FKV taken with disposable plastic 1 ml syringe. The vaccination was done injecting the bacteria, A. hydrophilla, previously killed in 0.4% formaldehyde FKV at the density of 109 cells / ml. Then the test fish were injected with the test material extract solution. E. cottonii as much as 0.2 ml / fish. Injection point was between the pelvic fins and the lateral line near the anus. The results showed that administration of the polysaccharide extracted from algae in tilapia gave significant effect on nonspecific immune response increment of the fish (total leukocytes and phagocytic activity). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji keefektifan ekstrak polysakarida alga laut, Eucheuma cottonii, dalam meningkatkan respons kebal non-spesifik dan untuk mendapatkan suatu ekstrak dengan kualitas terbaik terhadap respons kebal ikan nila, Oreochromis niloticus.  Penelitian ini mengguna-kan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah A = 0 mg.kg-1 untuk bahan uji saline; B = 10 mg.kg-1 ekstrak alga E. cottonii; C = 10 mg.kg-1 untuk iota; D = FKV A. hydrophilla 109 sel/ml. Ikan nila pertama-tama dipelihara dalam kolam (2 x 1 m) selama 2 minggu untuk proses aklimatisasi dan kemudian diberi perlakuan selama 4 minggu. Hewan uji divaksinasi dengan injeksi secara intraperitoneal (IP) dilakukan 2 kali dengan selang waktu seminggu sebanyak 0,2 ml FKV yang diambil dengan plastic syringe disposable 1 ml. Vaksinasi dilakukan dengan menginjeksikan bakteri A. hydrophilla yang telah dimatikan dengan formalin 0,4% FKV pada kepadatan 109 sel/ml. Kemudian ikan uji disuntik dengan bahan uji larutan ekstrak E. cottonii dengan dosis penyuntikan 0,2 ml larutan/ikan. Titik suntik diantara sirip perut dan lateral line dekat anus.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian polisakarida yang diekstrak dari alga pada ikan nila memberi pengaruh yang nyata terhadap peningkatan respon imun nonspesifik ikan (total leukosit dan aktivitas fagositosis).
The effectiveness of Bunaken National Park management Manumpil, Abraham W; Mandagi, Stephanus V; Lasut, Markus T
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Vol 5, No 1 (2017): APRIL
Publisher : AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.5.1.2017.24214

Abstract

Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Efektivitas Pengelolaan Taman Nasional Bunaken The important values of Bunaken National Park were gathered through interviews with80 respondents in order to obtain local people’s opinion of the marine park. Results showed that the most important value was coral reefs,holding 68.75% of the respondents’ opinion. Moreover, they put the environmental characteristics, such as fish, biodiversity, and mangrove, as major values of Bunaken National Park. Many respondents mentioned the economic values in relation with tourism business. As many as 11.25% of the respondents claimed that the presence of management and its programs was main value of the marine park. The respondents’ opinion  concerning the threat on the major values of Bunaken National Parkfound that nearly all respondents mentioned several deleterious behaviors that could directly demolish natural environmental values, such as fish blasting, fish poisoning, pollution and illegal mangrove cutting.  Illegal entry of the zonation and excessive exploitation from commercial fishing operations or fish netting, and low awareness  were also found. In addition, 8.75% of the respondents claimed that economic or poverty issues were major threats on Bunaken National Parkvalues, and 5% thought that government policy was the serious threat.This study revealed that Bunaken National Park has been effectively managed. It is indicated by a good patrol system and better social economic condition of the communities living inside the park.Hasil penelitian menunjukkantentang pandangan masyarakat lokal terhadap nilai-nilai penting Taman Nasional Bunaken, yang dilakukan melalui wawancara terhadap 80 responden untuk mendapatkan daftar apa saja yang menurut mereka nilai-nilai paling penting dari Taman Nasional Bunaken. Nilai terpenting menurut responden adalah terumbu karang (68,75%). Selanjutnya, responden menempatkan karakteristik lingkungan, seperti ikan, keragaman biologis, dan mangrove, merupakan nilai utama dari Taman Nasional Bunaken. Banyak responden juga menyebutkan nilai-nilai ekonomis yang dihubungkan dengan bisnis pariwisata. Sebanyak 11.25% responden berkomentar, bahwa adanya pengelolaan dan program-programnya merupakan nilai-nilai utama dari Taman Nasional Bunaken. Hasil wawancara tentang pandangan responden mengenai ancaman-ancaman terhadap nilai-nilai utama Taman Nasional Bunaken menunjukkan, bahwa hampir semua responden menyebutkan beberapa tingkah laku yang merusak yang secara langsung menghancurkan nilai-nilai lingkungan alami, misalnya bom ikan, racun ikan, polusi, dan penebangan mangrove secara ilegal. Pelanggaran zonasi dan eksploitasi berlebihan melalui operasi-operasi komersil atau penangkapan ikan dengan jaring, kurangnya kesadaran juga disebutkan. Sebanyak 8.75% responden mengatakan, bahwa isu ekonomi atau kemiskinan merupakan ancaman utama terhadap nilai-nilai Taman Nasional Bunaken; dan 5% responden yang mengatakan, bahwa kebijakan pemerintah merupakan ancaman serius. Penelitian ini mendapati, bahwa Taman Nasional Bunaken telah dikelola secara efektif. Hal ini diindikasikan dengan adanya suatu sistem patroli yang berjalan dengan baik dan peningkatan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat di kawasan Taman Nasional Bunaken.
Analysis of bioeconomical and effectiveness of capture tuna fishery in coastal area of Sendang Biru, Malang, East Java Province Fanani, M Zainal; Jamil, Khairul
AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Edisi Khusus 1 (2013): Mei
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jasm.0.0.2013.2280

Abstract

Tuna (Thunnus sp.) need to be managed well by maintaining balance between economic aspect (profits) and ecological aspect (sustainability of fish resources). To maintain balance these aspect to do with bioeconomical analysis. With these analysis be expected can be obtained maximum economic profits without any damage fish resources so that environmental conservation stay awake. In order to analyze the bioeconomical is needed to estimate the stock assessment. The first step is standardization of fishing gear, this need to be done because each of fishing gear not only catch the target fish but also catch the non target fish (multi gear multi spesies). Of the research be obtained standard gear for tuna fishery in Sendang Biru water are trolling line, with maximum value between payang, hand line and gillnet. Status of tuna fishery from biological aspect in Sendang Biru water by Schaefer model in general medium fishing condition. Whereas status of tuna fishery from economic aspect by Schaefer model in over exploited. Of the research by multi criteria decision making (MCDM) analysis with simple multi attribute rating technique (SMART) and visual interactive sensitivity analysis (VISA) obtainable that the main priority in election of tuna fishing gear evectively and efficient are trolling line, paying, hand line and gillnet© Perikanan tuna perlu dikelola dengan baik dengan cara menjaga keseimbangan antara aspek ekonomi (keuntungan) dan aspek ekologi (kelestarian sumberdaya ikan). Untuk menjaga keseimbangan aspek-aspek tersebut, dapat dilakukan dengan analisis bioekonomi. Dengan analisis ini diharapkan dapat diperoleh keuntungan ekonomi yang maksimum tanpa disertai kerusakan sumberdaya ikan sehingga konservasi lingkungan tetap terjaga. Dalam rangka menganalisa bioekonomi perlu dilakukan pendugaan stok ikan (‘stock assessment’). Langkah awal adalah standarisasi alat tangkap, hal ini perlu dilakukan karena setiap alat tangkap tidak hanya menangkap ikan target tapi juga menangkap ikan non target (‘multi gear multi spesies’). Dari hasil penelitian didapat alat tangkap standar untuk perikanan tuna di perairan Sendang Biru adalah pancing tonda dengan nilai porsi terbesar diantara alat tangkap payang, pancing tangan dan ‘gillnet’. Status perikanan tuna dari aspek biologi di perairan Sendang Biru menurut model Schaefer secara umum dalam kondisi ‘medium fishing’. Sedangkan status perikanan tuna secara ekonomi menurut model Schaefer dalam kondisi ‘over exploited’. Dari hasil analisis multi ‘criteria decision making’ (MCDM) dengan teknik ‘simple multi attribute rating technique’ (SMART) dan teknik ‘visual interactive sensitivity analysis’ (VISA) diperoleh bahwa prioritas yang utama dalam pemilihan alat tangkap tuna secara efektif dan efisien adalah pancing tonda, payang, pancing tangan dan gillnet©

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