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Effects of Occupational Stress and Frequency of Lifting Heavy Loads on Low Back Pain in Health Workers: A Meta Analysis Ahmad Syauqi Mubarok; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Background: Health workers have a high risk for experiencing symptoms of disorders of the musculoskeletal system such as pain, injury, trauma, and other disorders. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), work-related musculoskeletal disorders or commonly called work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) are injuries that include various inflammatory disorders or degenerative diseases associated with pain or functional disorders in the body.Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis with the following PICO, Population: Health workers. Intervention: High stress and high frequency of heavy lifting. Comparison: Low stress and low frequency of weight lifting. Outcome: Back pain. The articles used in this study were obtained from three databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Science Direct. Keywords to search for articles “low back pain” “risk factors” “determinants” “predictors” AND “health workers” The articles included were full-text English with a cohort and cross-sectional study design from 2016 to 2021 and reported the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) in the multivariate analysis. The selection of articles was done by using PRISMA flow diagram. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 5 cohort and 10 cross-sectional studies, ten articles included nurses as research respondents, four articles included overall medical personnel, and one article included ambulance workers. Research locations are in Denmark, Saudi Arabia, China, Japan, Malaysia, Iran, Brazil Italy, Australia, Yemen, Estonia, and Ethiopia with medical workers who have low levels of job stress (aOR= 2.52; 95% CI= 2.15 to 2.96; p< 0.001) and it can be concluded that medical workers with frequent heavy lifting have a risk of experiencing back pain by 2.01 times compared to medical workers with infrequent weight lifting frequency (aOR= 2.01; 95% CI 1.23 to 3.18; p = 0.003).Conclusion: Medical workers with high levels of job stress and frequent heavy lifting are at risk for back pain. Keywords: back pain, stress, weight lifting. Correspondence:Ahmad Syauqi Mubarok. Masters Program of Public Health Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: syauqimubarok39@gmail.com. Mobile: 085741144248.

Effects of Social Support, Perceived Threat, and Witnessing Death on the Risk of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Meta-Analysis Fatimah Hasna Karima; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2023.08.03.10

Background: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to horrific events and experience a series of reactions after repeated trauma, stress, and scary thoughts. The risk of PTSD is influenced by several factors such as social support, perceived threat, and witnessing death. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of social support, perceived threat, and witnessing death on the risk of PTSD using a meta-analysis of primary studies conducted by previous authors. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analytic study. This study used the PICO model. The meta-analytic study was carried out by searching for articles from databases in electronic form using Google scholar, PubMed, and Elsevier. An article search was conducted from 1 to 28 February 2023. The keywords used were “Post-traumatic Stress Disorder” OR “PTSD” AND “Social Support” AND “Witnessing death” AND “Perceiving threat” AND “Multivariate” AND “Cross-Sectional”. The inclusion criteria for this study were complete articles using cross-sectional research, published in 2013-2023. Analysis of the articles in this study used RevMan 5.3 software. Results: A total of 22 cross-sectional studies from North America, South America, Europe, Africa and Asia were selected for thi study. Social support has a lower risk of experiencing PTSD by 0.38 times compared to people who do not receive social support (aOR=0.38; 95% CI= 0.18 to 0.77; p= 0.007). People with perceived threats have a risk of experiencing PTSD by 2.29 times compared to people without perceived threats (aOR= 2.29; 95% CI= 1.58 to 3.33; p<0.001). People who witness death have a risk of experiencing PTSD by 1.63 times compared to people who do not witness death (aOR= 1.63; 95% CI= 1.23 to 2.15; p<0.006). Conclusion: Social support can significantly reduce the risk of PTSD. Perceived threat and witnessing death can significantly increase the risk of PTSD. Keywords: PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder, social support, perceived threat, witnessing death Correspondence: Fatimah Hasna Karima. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: fatimahhasna01@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281215184110.

A Qualitative Study on the Impact of Sexual Assault and Its Approach to Cope with in Female Teenage Victims in Surakarta, Central Java Nila Widya Keswara; Bhisma Murti; Argyo Demartoto
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 2 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (231.344 KB)

Background: Studies have shown that sexual assault can lead to the profound impact on the victims. It may last short or long, and can even generate a "ripple effect" of negative symptoms in the affected workplace or living environment. This study aimed to explore the psychological and biological impacts of sexual assault and approach to cope with the trauma in female adolescent victims in Surakarta.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study conducted in Surakarta, Central Java. The informants were social workers working at Yayasan KAKAK, a non-government organization dealing with sexual harassment issues. The data were collected by in-depth interview. The informants provided information about psychological and biological impacts of sexual harassment as well as the approach to cope with the trauma in female adolescent victims in Surakarta.Results: The psychological impacts of sexual harassment included anger, fear, self-consciousness or embarrassment, difficulty sleeping, loss of appetite. According to the information provided by the informants, the victim’s life turned into a misery, and school became a place to be avoided. The sexual attacks led to feelings of demoralization and humiliation, causing loss of self-confidence and self-esteem. The victims were reported as having trouble studying or paying attention, less able to perform well, participating less, no longer going to study group, thinking about dropping a class or even leaving the school. Victims experienced symptoms such as headaches, stomach aches, nightmares and anxiety attacks. Yayasan KAKAK assisted victims by supporting and guiding about steps to be taken to protect victims and to cope with the aftermath.Conclusion: Sexual harassment has serious emotional and biological effects on adolescent victims. According to this research finding, one of the greatest mitigating factors to trauma is the acknowledgment that it is happening. Victims of sexual harassment should be assisted to find support and guidance about what steps can be taken to protect themselves and how to cope with the aftermath.Keywords: sexual harassment, female adolescent, copingCorrespondence: Nila Widya Keswara. Diploma Program in Midwifery, School of Health Polytechnics Dr. Soepraoen Hospital, Malang. Email: nilakeswara_purwanto@yahoo.com. Mobile: +6281235555056.https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2017.02.04.06

The Effect of Depression, Stigma, and Peer Support Group, on the Quality of Life of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Solo Plus Peer Support Group, Surakarta, Central Java Yuli Lutfatul Fajriyah; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 3 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (458.54 KB)

Background: People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) often face tough social problems, such as social rejection, stigma, and discrimination. Factors that affect PLWH’s quality of life may include psychosocial factors, economic status, immunological status, social support, and co-morbidity. This study aimed to determine the effect of depression, stigma, and peer support group on the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS in Solo Plus peer support group, Surakarta, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at Solo plus peer support group, Surakarta, Central Java, from January to February 2018. A sample of 100 PLWH was selected for this study by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was a quality life of PLWH. The independent variables were healthy behavior, depression, family income, stigma, peer support, and social support. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: Quality of life of PLWH increased with involvement in peer support group (b= 3.40; 95% CI= 0.71 to 6.10; p=0.001), social support (b= 0.70; 95% CI= 0.01 to 1.40; p=0.046), and healthy behavior (b=9.33; 95% CI= 5.30 to 13.36; p<0.001). Quality of life of PLWH decreased with stigma (b= -1.10; 95% CI=-1.84 to -0.36; p=0.003), and depression (b=-4.23; 95% CI=-6.62 to -1.83; p=0.001). Quality of life of PLWH was indirectly affected by income (b=0.06; 95% CI=10.14 to 18.61; p<0.001).Conclusion: Quality of life of PLWH is affected by healthy behavior, depression, stigma, peer support group, social support, and income.Keywords: Quality of life, PLWH, stigma, peer support group, social support Correspondence: Yuli Lutfatul Fajriyah. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36 A, 57126, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: yuli.luth.15@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285712200298.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2018), 3(1): 27-36https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2018.03.01.03

Factors Associated with Pre-Marital Sexual Behavior Among Adolescents in Bima, West Nusa Tenggara: Theory of Planned Behavior Mulya Tarmidi; Argyo Demartoto; Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 3 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

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Background: Adolescent reproductive health is a major global challenge. Studies have reported around 16 million women 15

Socioeconomic Factors and Sexual Behavior Associated with HIV Infection in Population, in Kebumen District, Central Java Tri Subaeti; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 3 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (403.191 KB)

Background: Globally, the number of people infected with Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) was estimated at 36.7 million. This study aimed to examine the social economic determinants of HIV status in Kebumen district community.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational with a case-control design. This study was conducted in Kebumen District, Central Java, from January to February 2018. A sample of 81 HIV positive cases and 162 negative controls were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was HIV status. The independent variables were age, sex, marital status, income, education, ignorance of the HIV status, health worker support, number of sexual partners, and sexual transmitted infection (STI). Data on HIV status were taken from medical record. The data of other variables were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by logistic regression.Results: HIV positive status increased with higher income (OR= 2.94; 95% CI= 1.04 to 8.26; p= 0.041), age ?24 years (OR=4.33; 95% CI= 1.19 to 15.8; p= 0.026), ignorance of HIV status (OR=0.21; 95% CI= 0.09 to 0.51; p= 0.001), lack of health worker support (OR= 5.62; 95% CI= 0.88 to 35.58; p= 0.067), multiple sexual partner (OR= 6.59; 95% CI= 2.69 to 16.18; p<0.001), and presence of STI (OR= 14.19; 95% CI= 5.06 to 39.85; p<0.001).Conclusion: HIV positive status increases with higher income, age ?24 years, ignorance of HIV status, lack of health personnel support, multiple sexual partner, and presence of STI.Keywords: socioeconomic, determinant, HIVCorrespondence:

Health Belief Model on the Predictors of Healthy Sex Behavior among Commercial Female Sex Workers in Surakarta, Central Java Syarifah Syarifah; Argyo Demartoto; Ruben Dharmawan
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (244.691 KB)

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases that are now a global issue because they are the entrance to HIV transmission. Female sex workers (WPS) have a high risk of contracting and transmitting STIs and HIV / AIDS due to unsafe sex behavior. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of safe sex behavior for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections in female sex workers in Surakarta.Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducetd in Surakarta, Central Java, from December 2017 to January 2018. A sample of 105 female sex workers was selected by fixed disease sample. The dependent variable was safe sex behavior. The independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceive threat, cues to action, and self-efficacy. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression.Results: Safe sex behavior among female sex worker increased with strong perceived benefit (b= 0.18; 95% CI= 0.74 to 0.28; p= 0.001) and strong self-efficacy (b=0.51; 95% CI=0.25 to 0.76; p<0.001). Safe sex behavior decreased with strong perceived barrier (b= 0.15; 95% CI= -0.27 to

Perceived Benefit of Condom Use Domination on the Perceived Benefit of Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening on Queer in Yogyakarta Fika Lilik Indrawati; Argyo Demartoto; Ari Natalia Probandari
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (160.513 KB)

Background: The negative stigma is inherent in transvestites because it is referred to as one of the sources of the spread of STIs and HIV/ AIDS viruse. In their position as a sex worker who was considered very low and lack of knowledge about reproductive health, the transvestites were infected with STIs and the HIV virus from their sexual partners. This happened because of a lack of information about reproductive health and access to health services for queer. This study aimed to analyze perceived benefit of condom use domination on the perceived benefit of sexually transmitted infection screening on queer.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study with phenomenological approach. Seven representative informants were selected by purposive sampling. The data were collected by in-depth interview and focus group discussion. The number of informants at the focus group discussion was eight people.Results: Most of the informants believed that they were able to avoid or recover from STIs by using safety, namely condoms. They are more convinced that by applying condoms to their partners, it will be more useful as prevention of STIs compared to STI screening, on the grounds that practical condoms are easy to carry and do not hurt when having sexual intercourse.Conclusion: All transvestites believe that STI screening can be beneficial to their health, but the reality in their behavior is that they believe in condoms as a means of preventing STIs.Keywords: condom, STI screening service, queerCorrespondence:

Meta-Analysis: The Effect of Social Support on Medication Treatment Adherence in Tuberculosis Patients Lily Nabillah; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 7 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Background: Tuberculosis is a disease that can be cured by various methods of treatment. However, tuberculosis treatment is often not carried out properly and completely. The importance of medication adherence as a top priority in the effectiveness of treatment of tuberculosis patients through social support. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of social support on medication adherence in tuberculosis patients.Subjects and Method: This meta-analysis study used the PRISMA flowchart guideline with PICO, Population= Tuberculosis patients. Intervention= social support. Comparison= without social support. Outcome= medication adherence. The search process was carried out between 2017 and 2022 using Google Scholar, PubMed, Sci-Hub, and Science Direct databases. The keywords used were "Medication Adherence" OR "Drug Adherence" OR "Adherence" OR " treatment adherence" AND "Tuberculosis" OR "multidrug resistant tuberculosis*" OR "Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection" AND "Social Support" OR "Social Support System" OR "Psychosocial Support System" OR "Support System". Based on the database, there are 10 articles that fulfill the inclusion criteria. Study analysis was using review manager 5.3 software.Results: There were 10 articles from the continents of Asia and Africa selected in this meta-analysis, the results showed that the presence of social support has the possibility to increase adherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment compared to without social support in tuberculosis patients and it was statistically significant (aOR= 2.10; CI 95%= 1.76 to 2.52; p< 0.001).Conclusion: Tuberculosis patients who have strong social support about tuberculosis adherence are more likely to adhere to anti-tuberculosis treatment.Keywords: tuberculosis, social support, medication adherence, meta-analysis.Correspondence:Lily Nabillah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: lilynabillah09@gmail.com. Mobile: +62 821-1135-6435.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2022), 07(03): 250-261DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2022.07.03.07

Application of Social Cognitive Theory in Promoting Tertiary Prevention Behavior among Hypertensive Patients in Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia Anggie Rahmatul Azizah; Ratih Puspita Febrinasari; Bhisma Murti; Okid Parama Astirin; Argyo Demartoto
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.04.07

Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that can affect individuals across all age groups, including the productive age population, largely due to changes in lifestyle. The implementation of tertiary prevention behaviors is essential to prevent disease complications such as coronary heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and liver disease. This study aimed to analyze the application of Social Cognitive Theory in relation to tertiary prevention behaviors among patients with hypertension. Subjects and Method: This analytic observational study employed a cross-sectional design. The study subjects were patients with hypertension of productive age (15–64 years) in Tulungagung Regency, selected using a non-proportional random sampling technique, with a total sample of 220 participants. Data were collected using a research questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Multivariate data analysis was conducted using path analysis to examine both direct and indirect effects among variables. Results: There were direct and statistically significant effects of observational learning (b = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.24; p = 0.028), self-efficacy (b = 0.20; 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.35; p = 0.008), and attitude (b = 0.31; 95% CI= 0.17 to 0.45; p < 0.001) on tertiary prevention behaviors. Education was not significantly associated with tertiary prevention behaviors. Age (b = 0.17; 95% CI= 0.05 to 0.29; p = 0.005) and tertiary prevention behaviors (b= −0.38; 95% CI = −0.49 to −0.27; p < 0.001) showed direct and significant effects on blood pressure. Sex was not significantly associated with blood pressure. Social support, outcome expectations, and age had indirect effects on tertiary prevention behaviors through self-efficacy. Conclusion: There are direct effects of observational learning, attitude, and self-efficacy on tertiary prevention behaviors, as well as indirect effects of social support, outcome expectations, age, and education on tertiary prevention behaviors. In addition, age, sex, and tertiary prevention behaviors have direct effects on blood pressure.

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