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All Journal Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Language Circle : Journal of Language and Literature ELTIN Journal: Journal of English Language Teaching in Indonesia KEMBARA IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia BASIS (BAHASA DAN SASTRA INGGRIS) Journal of Dedicators Community English Language and Literature International Conference (ELLiC) Proceedings PHILOSOPHICA Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Jurnal Onoma: Pendidikan, Bahasa, dan Sastra Tonil, Jurnal Kajian Sastra, Teater dan Sinema Abdimas Universal Pioneer: Journal of Language and Literature Varia Humanika Journal of English Language and Education Jurnal Abdimas Indonesia : Jurnal Abdimas Indonesia Bookchapter Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Semarang Proceeding of International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology Proceedings of English Linguistics and Literature Journal of English Language Teaching and Literature (JELITA) Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Language Circle : Journal of Language and Literature ELT Echo: The Journal of English Language Teaching in Foreign Language Context
Thohiriyah, Thohiriyah
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DETERMINANTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CONFLICT IN JO PIAZZA’S EVERYONE IS LYING TO YOU Muhammad Naufal Ammar Mu'ammar; Thohiriyah
Philosophica: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): June 2026 (on Progress)
Publisher : English Literature Department, Faculty of Economics, Law, and Humanities

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35473/pho.v9i1.4814

Abstract

Psychological conflict is a central concern in contemporary literary studies because it reveals how individuals negotiate identity, desire, and control within increasingly complex social environments. However, existing literary analyses often privilege intrapsychic tension while giving limited attention to how external forces, particularly domestic oppression and digital influencer culture, actively shape and intensify psychological struggle. Addressing this gap, this study examines the internal and external psychological determinants that shape Rebecca Sommers's psychological conflict in Jo Piazza’s Everyone Is Lying to You. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, using the novel as primary data in the form of narration, dialogue, and character actions. The data are analyzed through Freudian psychoanalytic theory, focusing on the interaction of the Id, Ego, and Superego, while situating these psychic structures within the socio-cultural context of patriarchal domestic control and influencer-driven digital culture. The findings indicate that Rebecca’s psychological conflict arises from an ongoing struggle between instinctual desires for autonomy, ego-driven strategies of self-regulation, and superego-based moral pressure, all of which are significantly intensified by domestic oppression, social media pressure, and social isolation. These external determinants operate as active psychological forces that enforce self-surveillance, regulate behavior, and perpetuate repression rather than functioning merely as background conditions. This study concludes that psychological conflict in contemporary literary narratives cannot be fully understood without integrating intrapsychic dynamics with external socio-digital determinants, demonstrating how influencer culture and domestic power structures reshape individual psychology.
NEGOTIATING IDENTITY UNDER THE CULTURAL SUPEREGO IN ON EARTH WE’RE BRIEFLY GORGEOUS Indra Cahyo Nugroho; Thohiriyah
Philosophica: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): June 2026 (on Progress)
Publisher : English Literature Department, Faculty of Economics, Law, and Humanities

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35473/pho.v9i1.4830

Abstract

Diasporic individuals often face complex identity formation that involves psychological tension driven by conflicting cultural moralities. In Ocean Vuong’s On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous, this tension is illustrated through the protagonist, Little Dog, whose identity is shaped by familial obligations, cultural expectations, and social marginalization. This study aims to explore how the cultural superego influences Little Dog’s identity formation and how he navigates cultural pressures within a Vietnamese-American diaspora context. Using a qualitative descriptive method, this research draws on Freudian psychoanalysis, particularly Freud’s concept of the cultural superego. The data consists of selected narrative passages, dialogues, and character reflections that expose themes of moral regulation, guilt, repression, and cultural pressure. The analysis employs thematic textual analysis to interpret how internalized cultural authority influences identity negotiation. The findings suggest that the cultural superego functions through various mechanisms, including familial duty, guilt, social discrimination, norms of masculinity, and the cultural gaps between Vietnamese and American values. These mechanisms act as internal moral regulators, shaping desires, emotional expressions, and self-perception. As a result, identity is recognized as a continuous negotiation rather than a stable construct. This study contributes to psychoanalytic literary studies by demonstrating how Freud’s concept of the cultural superego can be applied to diasporic literature. It explains identity formation as a psychologically regulated process influenced by collective moral authority rather than solely by individual autonomy.
Exploring Manipulative Traits in Veronica Roth’s Divergent Novel Ivan Yosua Perangin Angin; Thohiriyah
IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Lite
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v13i2.7332

Abstract

Roth’s novel Divergent depicts a dystopian society where faction-based identities determine social roles. Using a qualitative descriptive analysis approach, this study explores the character of Peter Hayes, an antagonist whose actions reflect deliberate psychological manipulation. This study uses E. Dotsenko's theory of manipulation. In this study, Peter only employs 4 of 6 traits, consisting of operational object manipulation, conventional manipulation, inference-oriented manipulation, and personality structure manipulation. The data was gathered from dialogues and narratives between Peter and other characters in the novel. The study findings show that Peter consistently uses negative manipulation to achieve what he wants. This article also explores how Peter's manipulative behaviour impacts the other characters and the group represented by the faction. This study contributes to young adult literature discourses by showing how antagonistic characters reflect deeper psychological and social issues. It offers insights into the intersection of literature and psychology and underscores how manipulative dynamics in fiction can shape readers’ views of power, morality, and relationships.
Childhood trauma and its effect on adult relationships in It Ends with Us Zefanya Aurora Magdalena Simatupang; Thohiriyah Thohiriyah
Pioneer: Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Letters, Universitas Abdurachman Saleh Situbondo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36841/pioneer.v17i2.6412

Abstract

It Ends with Us by Colleen Hoover is a novel inspired by the author’s personal experience witnessing her mother endure domestic violence. The story follows Lily Bloom, a woman who grew up in an abusive household and later faces similar patterns in her adult romantic relationship. This study analyzes Lily’s psychological development using Anna Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, particularly focusing on defense mechanisms. The objective is to explore how Lily’s unresolved childhood trauma influences her thought processes and decision-making in adulthood. Through a qualitative method, the study examines narrative passages and character dialogues from the novel to identify psychological patterns. The analysis focuses on five of Anna Freud’s defense mechanisms: repression, denial, rationalization, displacement, and suppression, highlighting how Lily both consciously and unconsciously relies on these strategies to cope with trauma. The findings reveal that Lily’s exposure to domestic violence as a child profoundly impacts her adult emotional responses, making it difficult for her to confront abuse, assert boundaries, or think rationally in her relationship. Ultimately, the study emphasizes how defense mechanisms serve as psychological tools to shield individuals from the lasting effects of childhood trauma, as reflected in Lily’s behavior and emotional struggles throughout the novel.
Reconstruction of Richard Matheson’s Button, button Haqiqi Ranu Antariksa Saputra; Thohiriyah
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.29944

Abstract

This study analyzes how the story reveals hidden systems of control. It shows how modern economic system trick people into thinking they're making free choices, when they're actually being manipulated. The method in this research is using close reading approach as well as the triadic form of construction-deconstruction-reconstruction, it work by establishing themes and binary oppositions in a story first, then deconstruct it by flipping the binary oppositions, and then reconstruct it by creating a new interpretation of the story based from deconstructed binary oppositions and themes. The triadic analysis uncovers contradictions, where Pandora's myth attributes evil to divine forces, Matheson's story attributes it to a systems that tempt and make Norma, the main character, into thinking that she got a free will over her choice. This research concludes that Norma thinks she's making a real choice, just like Pandora gave in to curiosity. But the shocking ending shows she was never really in control, the system had already decided her fate. This exposes how those in power fake 'freedom' to keep people under their thumb.
Challenging Hegemonic Masculinity: The Resistance of Black Woman Battalion in The Six Triple Eight (2024) Film Za'imah Afifah Marzuqah; Thohiriyah
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.57459

Abstract

This study examines the portrayal of hegemonic masculinity and the forms of resistance demonstrated by the all-Black women’s 6888th Battalion in the film The Six Triple Eight (2024) by Tyler Perry. This research focuses on the analysis of hegemonic masculinity, which perpetuates discrimination and marginalization within the gender hierarchy experienced by the 6888th Battalion. Primary data were collected from selected scenes in The Six Triple Eight (2024), including dialogue, character interactions, and visual representations related to hegemonic masculinity in the military. The data were analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach that focuses on the narrative and visual elements of selected scenes, adopting Connell’s concept of hegemonic masculinity as a theoretical framework to interpret the findings. The findings reveal that hegemonic masculinity is reproduced through interconnected institutional practices, including unequal assumptions regarding competence, institutional surveillance, unequal institutional support, and the denial of female authority within the military. The film also portrays the resistance of the 6888th Battalion through professionalism, discipline, and collective solidarity, which challenge these institutional mechanisms. This study contributes to discussions of gender and military representation by demonstrating how hegemonic masculinity is maintained and contested through institutional practices in the film, extending previous studies that primarily emphasize intersectional discrimination.
Duality of Ernest Burhart in Killers of the Flower Moon: The Osage Murders and the Birth of the FBI by David Grann Ringgo Ageng Pramana; Thohiriyah
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.57479

Abstract

This study examines the fragmentation of self and the profound psychological contradictions of Ernest Burkhart's character in David Grann's novel Killers of the Flower Moon (2017). Filling the gap in previous research that mostly focused on the issues of postcolonialism, systemic exploitation, and racial violence at a macro level, this study specifically dissects the intrapsychic mechanisms of individuals experiencing personality splitting. This study is a descriptive qualitative study using a psychoanalytic literary criticism approach and Cartesian dualism. Data were taken from the main novel text and collected through close reading techniques, then classified the data to interpret the character's internal contradictions. The results of the study through the lens of Cartesian dualism show a distance between Ernest's mind (Res Cogitans)—which harbors affection, empathy, and genuine emotional dependence on his wife, Mollie—and the actions of his physical body (Res Extensa) that mechanically facilitate the conspiracy of the Osage family massacre. Furthermore, Freudian psychoanalysis diagnoses that this mind-body fragmentation is caused by the failure of the Ego's function in mediating the Id's material greed drive and the Superego's demands distorted by moral submission to William Hale's authority. The Ego's failure to compartmentalize these roles triggers a split in the ego, so that ethical consciousness loses its executive power and leads to total moral collapse. This research asserts that human emotions and morality will lose their ethical significance if the Ego is completely paralyzed in mediating the clash between internal desires and the pressures of external reality.
Class Anxiety: A Marxist Analysis of Mrs. Bennet in Pride and Prejudice Davina Putri Wiendien; Thohiriyah
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.57496

Abstract

This study aimed to examine how socio-economic structures shape Mrs. Bennet’s psychological disposition and social behavior in Pride and Prejudice (1813). The analysis drew on Marxist literary criticism as its primary framework, supported by Bourdieu's concept of habitus, to investigate how material conditions produce class anxiety as both a psychological and behavioral phenomenon. The results showed that Mrs. Bennet's behavior is not a matter of personal character but a direct response to the material conditions that govern her existence. Her nervous temperament, obsessive concern with her daughters' marriages, need for social recognition, and fear of downward mobility reflect the internalized pressures of a class position that is economically precarious and socially uncertain. These findings suggest that class anxiety, as experienced by Mrs. Bennet, is a product of structural inequality rather than individual failing, revealing how deeply material conditions shape the way individuals think, feel, and act in Austen's depiction of Regency-era England.
Emotional Denial as a Self-Defense Mechanism in Daisy’s Character in Picking Daisies on Sundays Tyana Putri Utami; Thohiriyah
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i2.57497

Abstract

Emotional denial is one of the psychological defense mechanisms that individuals use to cope with distressing emotions and threatening realities. This study examines emotional denial as a self-defense mechanism in Daisy’s character in the novel Picking Daisies on Sundays by Liana Cincotti. The objective is to analyze the forms of Daisy's emotional denial and explain how it functions as a self-defense mechanism. By using a qualitative descriptive method with a textual analysis approach, data were collected through close reading and documentation techniques, focusing on relevant dialogues, narrations, and character actions. The collected data were then analyzed using Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory, focusing on the concept of defense mechanisms as the theoretical framework. The findings reveal that Daisy’s emotional denial manifests through verbal rejection, avoidant behavior, and minimization of conflict, triggered by internal trauma, low self-worth, and external relational threats. This study concludes that emotional denial does not operate as a single reaction, but as a structured strategy combining verbal, behaviour, and thoughts. While this mechanism temporarily protects the character’s mind, it operates maladaptively by creating a continuous loop emotional avoidance that stops her personal growth and negatively affects her relationship with Levi. 
Unveiling Narcissistic Tendencies Through Vulnerability and Vanity in Howl Jenkins in Howl’s Moving Castle by Diana Wynne Jones Via Agustina; Thohiriyah Thohiriyah
KEMBARA: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/kembara.v11i2.40926

Abstract

This study begins with the problem of the representation of narcissistic traits in literary works, which are often perceived narrowly only through arrogant and exhibitionist behavior, while the dimension of emotional vulnerability is often overlooked. This study aims to analyze the character of Howl Jenkins in Diana Wynne Jones's novel Howl's Moving Castle by emphasizing two main aspects, namely vulnerability (vulnerability) and arrogance (self-conceit), and connecting them with the theoretical framework of self-psychology. The study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a careful reading technique. Primary data is presented in the form of a novel text, explained through quotations, interactions, and narratives that display Howl's narcissistic traits. In contrast, secondary data is obtained from relevant articles, journals, and books on narcissism and emotional vulnerability. The results show that Howl's narcissism cannot be understood singly, but rather exists as a dialectic between vulnerability and arrogance. His emotional vulnerability is manifested in fear of anxiety, anxiety, and realizing identity. At the same time, arrogance serves as a protective mechanism to cover his fragility, manifesting as flamboyance and an obsession with appearance. These findings demonstrate that literary works can be an effective medium for illustrating multidimensional psychological dynamics and make theoretical contributions to the development of the concept of narcissism in contemporary psychology. This research also makes practical contributions to literature teaching by opening a reflective space for readers to understand the complexity of human emotions through fictional narratives.
Co-Authors Abdillah, Dicky Ahmad Abu Rifai Alfunisa, Genis Naila Amanda, Tiara Fany Arsiyana, Marliza Aryarta, Anggih Restu Atho, Muhammad Zainal Darmawan, Ruly Indra Davina Putri Wiendien Dicky Abdillah Erny Wahyuni Fatma Hetami Fatma Hetami Fatma Hetami Hapsari Dwi Putri Ariyanti Hapsari, Christianti Tri Haqiqi Ranu Antariksa Saputra Indra Cahyo Nugroho Intan Andalas I. R. P Ivan Yosua Perangin Angin Izzati Gemi Seinsiani Izzati Gemi Seinsiani Karina Hanum Luthfia Maria Johana Ari Widayanti Mohamad Ikhwan Rosyidi Mohamad Ikhwan Rosyidi Mohammad Ikhwan Rosyidi Muhammad Naufal Ammar Mu'ammar Nadia Sigi Prameswari Ni Gusti Ayu Intarini, Ni Gusti Ayu Intarini Novyana, Novyana Prasetya, Alvionita Zyahwalian Rahayu Puji Haryanti Rahma Ari Widihastuti Rahmawati, Yusi Rasta Bilqiis, Ritya Ringgo Ageng Pramana Rini Susanti Wulandari Rosyidi, Mohamad Ikhwan Ruly Indra Darmawan Santi Rahayu Setiowati, Titik Shafa, Nadian Sri Sumaryani Sri Wahyuni Tegar, Firza Therresia Maria Magdalena Morais Tyana Putri Utami Via Agustina Wahyuni, Erny Yazid, Syamira Yuni Dwi Susanti Za'imah Afifah Marzuqah Zefanya Aurora Magdalena Simatupang