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MOF-199 and Ni-BTC: Synthesis, Physicochemical Properties, and Catalytic Activity in Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Herlina, Idra; Krisnandi, Yuni Krisyuningsih; Ridwan, Muhammad
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2023: BCREC Volume 18 Issue 4 Year 2023 (December 2023)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20060

Abstract

Platform chemical 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) has potential applications to replace petroleum-based chemicals. Metal Organic Framework (MOF) can be used as a catalyst to oxidize 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), producing FDCA. MOF-199 and Ni-BTC were synthesized using solvothermal method with trimesic acid (benzene 1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid/H3BTC) as a linker and Cu or Ni as a metal nod. The physical and chemical properties of catalysts were discovered through characterization using  X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra Red  (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), and Ammonia Temperature-programmed Desorption (NH3-TPD). FDCA and its intermediate compounds were produced by converting HMF to FDCA in a small glass batch reactor. The yields of products were then determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). HPLC results indicated that there was no DFF (2,5-diformylfuran) signal, indicating that FDCA was formed by FFCA (5-formylfuroic acid) and HMFCA (5-hydroxymethylfuroic acid) formation reaction pathway. The maximum conversion (71%) was obtained using Ni-BTC as a catalyst at 130 °C for 5 h, with FDCA yield of 61.8%. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Increasing energy density of vanadium redox flow batteries: A comprehensive review Ahmed, Sabeel; Abdullah, Iman; Krisnandi, Yuni Krisyuningsih
Environmental and Materials Vol. 3 No. 2: (December) 2025
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v3i2.2025.1828

Abstract

Background: Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFBs) represent a leading energy storage technology for renewable integration due to their long cycle life, high safety, and flexible scalability. However, their low energy density and high cost continue to limit widespread adoption. This study aims to synthesize and critically evaluate recent advances in enhancing VRFB performance through innovations in electrode materials, electrolyte chemistry, and membrane design. Methods: This study adopts a comprehensive literature review approach, analyzing theoretical and experimental research published in recent years. The review focuses on advancements in nanostructured electrode surfaces, optimized electrolyte formulations, and functional hybrid membranes. Theoretical insights from materials science and electrochemistry were integrated to establish the correlation between structure, performance, and efficiency. Findings: The reviewed studies reveal that nanostructured and heteroatom-doped electrodes enhance redox kinetics and minimize side reactions, while optimized electrolytes with mixed acids and stabilizers improve vanadium solubility and thermal stability. Hybrid polymer–inorganic membranes effectively reduce vanadium ion crossover and maintain high proton conductivity, thereby increasing coulombic and energy efficiencies. Collectively, these advancements improve power output, reduce self-discharge, and enhance long-term cycling performance, moving VRFBs closer to economic feasibility. Conclusion: Advancements in material design and system optimization are pivotal in overcoming the limitations of conventional VRFBs. Continued research on scalable, low-cost materials, electrolyte recycling, and hybrid integration will further promote sustainable energy storage. Novelty/Originality of this article: This review uniquely integrates material-level and system-level perspectives, offering a holistic understanding of how innovations across components collectively advance high-efficiency, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable VRFB technology for next-generation renewable energy systems.
Optimizing vanillin and phenol production from benzyl phenyl ether using CoMoO4/H-ZSM-5: A Box-Behnken design approach Khatrin, Irena; Amanullah, Duha Rushida; Wibowo, Rahmat; Howe, Russell Francis; Krisnandi, Yuni Krisyuningsih
Environmental and Materials Vol. 3 No. 2: (December) 2025
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v3i2.2025.2161

Abstract

Background: Lignin valorization into high-value chemicals is crucial for sustainable development. This study focused on optimizing the catalytic conversion of benzyl phenyl ether (BPE), a lignin model compound, to vanillin and phenolic compounds. Methods: Hierarchical H-ZSM-5 was synthesized via a dual-template method and subsequently modified by wet impregnation with bimetallic cobalt and molybdenum oxides (CoMoO4/H-ZSM-5). Catalyst properties were thoroughly characterized using various techniques, including XRD, FTIR, XRF, N2-physisorption, and SEM-EDS mapping. Reaction conditions, specifically Co:Mo ratio, temperature, and reaction time, were optimized using the Box-Behnken design (BBD), and product yields were quantified by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Findings: Characterization confirmed successful catalyst synthesis, organic template removal, and bimetal oxide incorporation without significant structural damage. Catalytic tests demonstrated 100% BPE conversion. The highest experimental vanillin yield achieved was 54.69%. BBD analysis revealed that the interaction between Co:Mo ratio and temperature, as well as the quadratic effect of Co:Mo ratio, were the most influential factors impacting product yields. The optimal parameters for maximizing vanillin and phenolic yield were determined to be a Co:Mo ratio of 3:7, a temperature of 169 °C, and a reaction time of 31 minutes. While the phenolic model showed a reasonable fit (R² = 0.76), the vanillin model exhibited a lower fit (R² = 0.34) with significant lack-of-fit. Conclusion: This research provides crucial insights into the efficient production of high-value chemicals from BPE, offering a comprehensive optimization approach for the CoMoO4/H-ZSM-5 catalytic system. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study represents a novel contribution to lignin valorization.
One-pot catalytic conversion of glucose to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid over NiO-modified ZSM-5 zeolites: Effects of reaction temperature and solvent ratio Pratama, Arnia Putri; Mulyadi, Andita Junia; Wibowo, Rahmat; Krisnandi, Yuni Krisyuningsih
Environmental and Materials Vol. 3 No. 2: (December) 2025
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eam.v3i2.2025.2642

Abstract

Background: 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) has gained increasing attention as a key bio-based intermediate for the production of polyethylene furanoate (PEF) and other sustainable polyesters, offering a viable alternative to fossil-derived monomers. Although FDCA is conventionally produced via oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), direct one-pot conversion of glucose remains challenging due to the requirement for integrated catalytic functions and the strong influence of reaction conditions. Hierarchical zeolites modified with transition-metal oxides are promising for one-pot glucose-to-FDCA conversion; however, the effects of reaction temperature and solvent composition have not been systematically evaluated and are examined here using hierarchical ZSM-5, NiO-modified ZSM-5, and NiO catalysts. Methods: Hierarchical ZSM-5 was synthesized via a dual-template method and modified with NiO through an impregnation–spray technique to introduce redox-active sites. The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen physisorption, and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray to establish correlations between structural, compositional, and textural properties and catalytic performance. Catalytic reactions were conducted at varying temperatures using a γ-valerolactone–water solvent system with different volume ratios. Findings: NiO-modified hierarchical ZSM-5 exhibited superior catalytic performance compared to the parent zeolite and NiO, achieving a maximum FDCA yield of 2.36% at 150 °C with an optimal γ-valerolactone–water ratio of 1:1. Higher FDCA yield over NiO-modified hierarchical ZSM-5 reflects the combined effects of hierarchical porosity, NiO species, reaction temperature, and solvent ratio. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that NiO-modified hierarchical ZSM-5 can promote one-pot glucose-to-FDCA conversion, with reaction temperature and solvent ratio identified as key parameters for performance optimization. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides a systematic assessment of the effects of reaction temperature and γ-valerolactone–water solvent ratio on FDCA formation over NiO-modified hierarchical ZSM-5 in a one-pot glucose conversion system, establishing catalyst and process design principles.
Bimetallic Ni–Cu/ZSM-5 Catalysts for Enhanced Phenol and Vanillin Production from Benzyl Phenyl Ether and Lignin Pratama, Arnia Putri; Abdullah, Iman; Krisnandi, Yuni Krisyuningsih
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2026: BCREC Volume 21 Issue 1 Year 2026 (April 2026)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20559

Abstract

Bio-based phenolic chemicals from lignin represent a sustainable alternative to fossil aromatics. This study examines the catalytic conversion of benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) and compares its reactivity with isolated lignin from raw woody biomass waste (ILWB). Hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts were synthesized and modified with bimetallic Ni–Cu and monometallic (Ni⁰ and Cu⁰) species. Catalyst characterization by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope - Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface area confirmed distinct physicochemical features for each catalyst. Catalytic reactions were conducted in a batch reactor at 100–300 °C for 30 minutes. Products were analyzed by HPLC, identifying phenol and vanillin as key products. The bimetallic Ni–Cu/ZSM-5 catalyst exhibited alloy formation, producing a synergistic effect that enhanced catalytic activity. BPE conversion reached 94.29%, with a phenol yield of 32.25% at 250 °C. Additionally, ILWB lignin was readily converted, achieving 75.31% conversion and a vanillin yield of 15.85% at 200 °C. These findings confirm that Ni–Cu-modified hierarchical ZSM-5 demonstrates superior catalytic behavior for the valorization of lignin and its model compound into high-value chemical products. Copyright © 2026 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).