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All Journal PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Jurnal Selat PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law Jurnal Karya Abdi Masyarakat JUPEMA
Sipahutar, Bernard
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The Legal Status of Shipwreck Cargoes as Underwater Cultural Heritage from National and International Standpoints Arifin, Ridwan; Riyanto, Sigit; Putra, Akbar Kurnia; Wicaksono, Sonny Saptoajie; Sipahutar, Bernard
PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW) Vol 11, No 3 (2024): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Shipwreck cargo or Benda Muatan Kapal Tenggelam (BMKT) in Indonesia, often referred to as underwater cultural heritage (UCH), holds significant economic potential for Indonesia, a nation prosperous in UCH sites. However, the preservation and management of these assets frequently encounter legal challenges at both national and international levels. This study examined the complex legal landscape surrounding shipwreck cargo in Indonesia, highlighting the divergent perspectives of national legislation and international norms. Indonesia's domestic laws allow for the auctioning of shipwreck cargo, which presents an opportunity for economic advancement. However, this approach clashes with the principles outlined in the Convention on Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage 2001, which underscore the collective heritage value of UCH objects and discourages their commercialization. This legal divergence underscores the need for Indonesia to balance its national interests with its international commitments in managing shipwreck cargo. By examining these legal intricacies, this study reveals the challenges of the coexistence of conflicting legal frameworks. It provides insights into potential strategies for harmonizing preservation efforts with commercial interests, thereby facilitating a balanced approach to the management of shipwreck cargo. By navigating these complexities, Indonesia can effectively leverage its underwater cultural heritage while fulfilling its obligations as a member of the international community.
Sexual Violence on Campus: Between Power Relations and Law Enforcement Putra, Akbar Kurnia; Ardianto, Budi; Sipahutar, Bernard; Siregar, Elizabeth
Jurnal Karya Abdi Masyarakat Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Karya Abdi Masyarakat
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jkam.v8i2.38351

Abstract

Addressing sexual violence in higher education must be a top priority for several critical reasons. First, it causes serious harm to victims—physically, socially, and psychologically. Second, many incidents go unreported due to stigma or pressure from perpetrators, forcing victims into silence. Third, sexual violence is often normalized and not seen as requiring urgent action. Behaviors like catcalling, loud sexual remarks, whistling, or inappropriate physical contact—such as touching or poking—are frequently overlooked as forms of sexual violence. To tackle this, continuous and structured legal education must be promoted. This is especially vital for partner institutions like undergraduate students at the Midwifery Academy of the Health Polytechnic under the Ministry of Health in Jambi Province. Raising awareness and strengthening understanding of sexual violence prevention should be embedded in educational environments. Additionally, establishing a dedicated task force at Poltekkes Kemenkes Jambi is an essential preventive step. This task force would help ensure a safe and supportive academic atmosphere, where all members of the campus community can participate in learning and other activities without fear of harassment or violence. These efforts aim to build a campus culture that fully rejects and prevents all forms of sexual violence.
Perdagangan Karbon: Mendorong Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim Diantara Mekanisme Pasar Dan Prosedur Hukum Azizi MJ, Nur; Kurnia Putra, Akbar; Sipahutar, Bernard
Jurnal Selat Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Selat
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Hukum Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31629/selat.v10i2.4853

Abstract

Artikel ini membahas mengenai perdagangan karbon (carbon trading) sebagai suatu bentuk mekanisme berbasis pasar dalam upaya mitigasi dan adaptasi terhadap dampak perubahan iklim. Dengan merujuk pada Paris Agreement to the UNFCCC 2015 sebagai instrumen hukum internasional terkait perdagangan karbon, didapati bahwa belum terdapat aturan yang secara eksplisit mengatur mengenai mekanisme penetapan harga karbon (carbon pricing) secara global. Hal tersebut berdampak pada persaingan pasar yang tidak sehat, terutama antara negara-negara maju dan negara berkembang. Selain itu, mekanisme perdagangan karbon dalam Paris Agreement menggunakan sistem kerjasama sukarela yang juga menyerahkan target penurunan emisi pada masing-masing negara, sehingga rentan terhadap rendahnya partisipasi negara dalam penurunan emisi GRK global. Hal inilah yang kemudian memunculkan pertanyaan : apakah perdagangan karbon benar-benar efektif untuk menekan laju perubahan iklim global? Adapun solusi yang ditawarkan adalah melalui pembentukan instrumen hukum internasional baru yang mengikat secara hukum bagi negara-negara pihak serta memuat ketentuan mengenai mekanisme penetapan carbon pricing secara global.
Underwater Drone: Aset Militer, Perangkat Penelitian dan Kedaulatan Putra, Akbar Kurnia; Faradilla, Afrilia; Sipahutar, Bernard
PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum Vol 15 No 2 (2021): PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/progresif.v16i2.2509

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the regulation of the use of underwater drones in international law from the perspective of Indonesian law. This article concludes that the regulation regarding the use of underwater drones that cross national borders has not been specifically regulated both in international law and in national law. Therefore, it is necessary to make special arrangements regarding the use of underwater missiles in terms of attack, spying, and collecting marine data so that foreign countries do not freely operate underwater drones in the territorial sea of ​​other countries and do not violate the right of peaceful passage as regulated. in UNCLOS 1982. In the future, the government needs to strengthen the maritime security system in Indonesian territory and take firm action against persons involved in the entry of foreign military assets into Indonesian territory. Key Words: International Law, UNCLOS 1982, Underwater Drone
Sosialisasi dan Pendampingan Masyarakat Suku Anak Dalam Jambi dalam Memperoleh Hak Administrasi Kependudukan Sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013: (Socialization and Assistance for the Suku Anak Dalam Community in Jambi in Obtaining Civil Administration Rights in Accordance with Law Number 24 of 2013) Simaremare, Tohap Pandapotan; Sipahutar, Bernard; Simatupang, Gugun Manosor; Norawati, Rosinta; Harianja, Sri Indriani; Purba, Andiopenta; Kolo, Adriana; Indrayana, Boy
Jurnal JUPEMA Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Laboratorium Pembelajaran FKIP Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jupema.v4i2.49006

Abstract

The Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) community in Jambi, who largely live nomadically, face serious obstacles in accessing public services and social development. The main cause is the lack of essential population administration documents, such as ID cards (KTP), Family Cards (KK), and birth certificates. This condition limits their civil rights, even though Law No. 24 of 2013 concerning Population Administration clearly guarantees these rights for all citizens. This community service program was designed to address this problem by aiming to broaden the SAD's understanding of their population administration rights and to facilitate the process of obtaining these documents. This activity was implemented by the Universitas Jambi community service team, which also involved student participation through the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) program. The program was focused in Sekaladi, Pelempang Village, Mestong District, Muaro Jambi Regency. The implementation methods included intensive socialization, personal assistance, and direct administrative support. The program's results show an increased understanding among the SAD community regarding the importance of population documents. Furthermore, the program successfully assisted many community members in obtaining ID cards, Family Cards, and birth certificates. The positive impact of possessing these documents is evident in their increased access to basic services such as healthcare, education, and social assistance programs. This program provides a tangible contribution to strengthening the civil rights of the SAD and supports the achievement of their social welfare. Abstrak. Masyarakat Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) di Jambi, yang sebagian besar hidup nomaden, menghadapi kendala serius dalam mengakses layanan publik dan pembangunan sosial. Penyebab utamanya adalah ketiadaan dokumen administrasi kependudukan esensial, seperti KTP, Kartu Keluarga (KK), dan akta kelahiran. Kondisi ini membatasi hak sipil mereka, meskipun Undang-Undang No. 24 Tahun 2013 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan secara jelas menjamin hak tersebut bagi seluruh warga negara. Program pengabdian ini dirancang untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dengan tujuan memperluas wawasan SAD mengenai hak administrasi kependudukan dan memfasilitasi proses perolehan dokumen. Kegiatan ini diimplementasikan oleh tim pengabdian Universitas Jambi, yang turut melibatkan partisipasi mahasiswa melalui program Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM). Lokasi kegiatan difokuskan di Sekaladi, Desa Pelempang, Kecamatan Mestong, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Metode pelaksanaan mencakup sosialisasi intensif, pendampingan personal, dan bantuan administratif secara langsung. Hasil program menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat SAD mengenai pentingnya dokumen kependudukan. Lebih lanjut, program ini berhasil membantu banyak anggota komunitas dalam memperoleh KTP, KK, dan akta kelahiran. Dampak positif dari kepemilikan dokumen ini terlihat dari peningkatan akses mereka terhadap layanan dasar seperti kesehatan, pendidikan, dan program bantuan sosial. Program ini memberikan kontribusi nyata dalam penguatan hak sipil SAD dan mendukung pencapaian kesejahteraan sosial mereka.
Pengaruh Penerapan Ketentuan Special and Differential Treatment dalam World Trade Organization Terhadap Pembangunan dan Perdagangan Internasional Hasanie, Annisa; Sipahutar, Bernard
Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law Vol 1 No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/up.v1i3.10035

Abstract

Abstract Globalization and liberalization have caused many economic actors from developing countries to be eliminated because they cannot compete with economic actors from developed countries. Developing countries are increasingly dependent on developed countries and international economic institutions such as the IMF and World Bank. The World Trade Organization as a world trade organization pays special attention to the interests of developing countries through the provisions of Special and Differential Treatment (S&D). Developing countries under certain conditions can be given special treatment that is more beneficial in their trade relations with developed countries. However, the provisions of S&D to date are still unfair and have a significant impact on the development progress of developing countries as expected. If seen based on MDGs Report data, many developing countries are still in a low level of economic prosperity.
Harmonisasi Prinsip Perdagangan Internasional pada GATT dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2014 tentang Perdagangan Pangestu, Yudha; Sipahutar, Bernard; Ardianto, Budi
Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law Vol 2 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/up.v2i1.10352

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to find out how the implementation of the principles of international trade of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and Law Number 7 of 2014 concerning Trade and to find out how the harmonization of the principles of international trade of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in Law No. 7 of 2014 concerning Trade. This type of research is normative legal research. The results of the research that have been carried out are the implementation of the principles of international trade of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT ) and Law Number 7 of 2014 concerning Trade, based on Law Number 7 of 1994 concerning Ratification of the Agreement Establishing The World Trade Organization. World Trade) contains content or material that contains GATT / WTO principle arrangements, namely in letters A, B, and C, as well as harmonization of the principles of international trade of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in Law Number 7 of 2014 concerning Trade, that In Law Number 7 of 2014 concerning Trade, there are several legal principles in international trade arrangements. The conclusion of this study is that based on Law Number 7 of 1994 concerning Ratification of the Agreement Establishing The World Trade Organization, there is content or material that contains the principles of GATT / WTO, namely in letters A, B, and C, as well as harmonization of the principles of international trade of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in Law Number 7 of 2014 concerning Trade, that in Law Number 7 of 2014 concerning Trade there are several legal principles in regulating international trade.  
Eksploitasi Awak Kapal Asing: Tanggung Jawab Negara Bendera terhadap ABK Indonesia di Kapal China Long Xing 629 Dharmawan, Yudi; Sipahutar, Bernard; Farisi, Mochammad
Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law Vol 3 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/up.v3i1.14819

Abstract

This article discusses the form of legal protection and the flag state's responsibility for Indonesian crew members who work on foreign ships against exploitation in terms of international law. This article uses a normative juridical method, which is a method carried out by researching library materials or secondary data. The results of this articel discovered,  that state flag responsibility for the legal protections for ship crews has to be done in a few ways such as conducting an investigation of the Long Xing 629 or the ship’s company.  If it proven that there had been a violation of human rights, the state flag have to prosecute the perpetrators of the crime that had committed on that ship. This responsibility have to done, cause the legal statue’s of protection for the ships crew who worked on foreign vessels has been regulated under general nor specific international law instruments, as well others forms of legal protection are also given by international organizations such as ILO that specifically handles unternational labor issues.
Legitimasi Hukuman Mati: Perlukah Mandatory Consular Notification Antar Negara? Fatriani, Lendra; Sipahutar, Bernard
Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law Vol 3 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/up.v3i2.17565

Abstract

This article questions how the Mandatory Consular Notification practice applied by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to Indonesia in rescuing workers sentenced to death. Mandatory Consular Notification is the right to obtain information and access related to state representatives for their citizens and citizens' rights to state representative staff. This is the main guideline in the management of international relations which has been regulated in Article 36 and Article 37 of the 1963 Vienna Convention. In its implementation, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia does not carry out Mandatory Consular Notification in accordance with applicable regulations. Therefore, Indonesia needs to ensure legal protection efforts for its workforce by conducting a Memorandum of Understanding with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In addition, Indonesia also needs to seek other legal steps, especially in the form of agreements in order to create legal certainty between the state parties.
Artificial Intelligence Dalam Autonomous Weapon Systems: Masalah Teknis atau Masalah Hukum? Yuwono, Teguh; Harahap, Rahayu Repindowaty; Sipahutar, Bernard
Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law Vol 3 No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/up.v3i3.19412

Abstract

This article discusses legal problems in the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). In its development, AI has built human existence in various fields including the military. There is a problem when an Autonomous Weapon System (AWS) uses AI instead of a non-human operator. It was found that, AWS was unable to fulfill the principle of distinction and principle of proportionality set forth in article 51 paragraphs (1-3) and paragraph (5) of Additional Protocol I 1977. These principles are two solid matters, as they relate to the technical requirements expected on performance. field that can only be carried out by humans. Although AWS uses sensors as a distinguishing tool, it provides an estimate that this weapon system can apply the principle of discrimination. A discriminatory attack will also violate the law if it is not adjusted to the principle of proportionality. This is where the important role of humans in preventing unnecessary losses. In addition, the use of AI on AWS has also led to the disconnection of supervisory responsibilities that require superiors and subordinates. This is clearly what AWS does and a commander who gives the order to carry out the attack. For this reason, special arrangements are needed to regulate AWS in the form of a new convention or the addition of a protocol to The United Nations Convention on Certain Weapons 1980 with the aim of limiting the use of AI so that human presence remains in every use of weapons.
Co-Authors Akbar Kurnia Putra Andiopenta Purba Azizi MJ, Nur Boy Indrayana Budi Ardianto Dharmawan, Yudi Faradilla, Afrilia Farisi, Mochammad Fatriani, Lendra Harianja, Sri Indriani Hasanie, Annisa Kolo, Adriana Kurnia Putra, Akbar Norawati, Rosinta Pangestu, Yudha Rahayu Repindowaty Harahap Ridwan Arifin Sigit Riyanto Simaremare, Tohap Pandapotan Simatupang, Gugun Manosor Siregar, Elizabeth Sonny Saptoajie Wicaksono Teguh Yuwono