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Ridlo, Muhammad Rosyid
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Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary

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Vaginal Cytological Changes and Estrus Response Following Estrus Synchronization Using a Double Prostaglandin-F₂α and Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone in Pasundan Heifers Rini Widyastuti; Azis, Azhar Abdul; Setiawan, Rangga; Hilmia, Nena; Lubis, Alkaustariyah; Ridlo, Muhammad Rosyid
Jurnal Veteriner Vol. 27 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19087/

Abstract

Pasundan cattle, an indigenous breed native to West Java, Indonesia, demonstrate significant adaptability and reproductive potential. However, their declining populations pose a threat to genetic conservation. Effective estrus synchronization is essential for enhancing reproductive efficiency and supporting fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) programs. Vaginal cytology profiling offers a reliable, noninvasive method for assessing estrus by evaluating the dynamics of epithelial and leukocyte cells, which reflect hormonal fluctuations. This study was aimed to investigate the cytological dynamics of vaginal epithelial, leukocyte cells and estrus response in Pasundan heifers subjected to double injection of prostaglandin F₂α (PGF₂α) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) synchronization. Nine Pasundan heifers, aged 1.5–2.0 years, were treated with PGF₂α with 2.75 μg/kg BW on days 0 and 11, followed by 2 μg/kg BW GnRH on day 12. Vaginal smears were collected daily from days 0 to 15, stained with 5% Giemsa, and examined microscopically to determine the proportions of parabasal, intermediate, superficial, keratinized, and leukocyte cells. The results indicated that the initial cytology showed a luteal phase dominated by parabasal (31.2%) and intermediate (30.6%) cells. Following hormonal treatment, superficial cells peaked at 70.9% on day 13, indicating estrus and estrogen dominance. By days 14–15, keratinized and parabasal cells had increased, confirming post-ovulatory luteal activity. The protocol achieved complete (100%) estrus synchronization among all heifers. It can be concluded that the double PGF₂ α-GnRH protocol effectively synchronized estrus in Pasundan heifers. Vaginal cytology has proven to be a sensitive and practical tool for monitoring reproductive phases, thereby supporting breeding management and conservation of this native genetic resource.
Co-Authors Arafat, Asrori Ariyanti, Febri Aziizah, Bunga Shafa Azis, Azhar Abdul Bidaraswati, Arsy Fransiska Desiana Setyaningsih Habibullah, Muhammad Raihan Rafi Handayati, Norvi Heri, Edwar Andiko Hidayah, Nurulia Kalandara, Dhinta Maulidya Khotimah, Anisatun Khusnul Kurnianudin, Dimas Laraswati, Maria Intan Ayu Lilis Sulistyorini Lubis, Alkaustariyah Lutfi, Alfian Ibnu Mastura, Disa Muhammad Taufik Hidayat Munawaroh, Astin Lya Nena Hilmia Novemyanto, Alfin Dwi Nugraha, Raden Septiarani Jati Nur, Rismawati Prasetyo, Mario Aditya Pratama, Imam Agi Prayudha, Muhammad Rokhim Akbar Rangga Setiawan Rini Widyastuti Rizki Saga Putra Rizky, Dinda Khalifa Ryanto, Richard Renaldy Sevidiana Khuduluvi, Era Widyartanto, Anggara Wijayanti, Princess Alberta Dewi