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All Journal JPMS (Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan Sains) Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi (BioEdu) LenteraBio EDUSAINS QUANTUM: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Sains Scholaria: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Jurnal Bidang Pendidikan Dasar JURNAL EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT Biota JPBIO (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi) JUDIKA (JURNAL PENDIDIKAN UNSIKA) Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE) PENSA E-JURNAL: PENDIDIKAN SAINS International Journal of Emerging Research and Review
Raharjo, Raharjo
Department Of Biology, Faculty Of Science Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences Other

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The Potential of Creative Thinking in STEAM Based Science Learning: Supporting Factors and Implementation Challenges Dini Fatrisia Hasniati; Raharjo Raharjo; Elok Sudibyo; Muhammad Satriawan
Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE) Vol 7 No 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/jee.v7i1.2711

Abstract

Purpose of the study: This study aim to examine the factors causing low creative thinking skills in STEAM-based science learning, including indicators of creative thinking and various challenges in its implementation. Methodology: The research method used is a systematic literature review (SLR). Data collection uses the PRISMA flow. Data were obtained from the Sinta-indexed Google Scholar database for national journals and, for international journals, there were no restrictions; all journals were accessed through the Publish Or Perish (PoP) application. Data analysis used bibliometrics related to keyword accuracy and was visualized using VOS Viewer software. A total of 500 articles were obtained, of which 18 articles were used as primary data and as material for analysis in the discussion. Main Findings: The results showed that there were four indicators relevant to Guilford's theory regarding creative thinking skills in STEAM learning. Factors contributing to low creative thinking skills included lack of motivation, monotonous methods, models, and tasks, as well as the implementation of learning activities. Additionally, challenges in improving creative thinking skills in STEAM learning included long duration and the difficulty of improving fluency indicators. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is novel because it structuredly examines the supporting factors and various implementation challenges in developing creative thinking skills through STEAM-based science learning. This research combines pedagogical, contextual, and professional perspectives from teachers, resulting in empirical findings that enrich STEAM studies and strengthen the application of creative thinking development strategies in science education.
Effectiveness of the ICARE-Modification Model in Training Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Rita Makdalena; Rudiana Agustini; Raharjo Raharjo
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56707/ijoerar.v4i2.168

Abstract

Objective: Developing students’ critical thinking skills remains a central challenge in higher education, particularly in teacher education programs that demand higher-order cognitive competencies. This study investigates the effectiveness of the ICARE-Modification model—an extended instructional framework integrating Introduction, Connection, Application-modification, Reflection, and Extension stages with AI problem-solving activities—in enhancing undergraduate students’ critical thinking skills. Method:  A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was employed involving 60 undergraduate students enrolled in a teacher education program. The experimental group received instruction using the ICARE-Modification model, while the control group experienced conventional lecture-based learning. Data were collected through a validated open-ended critical thinking test assessed using an analytical rubric covering questioning, analysis, evaluation, logical reasoning, and solution formulation. Data were analyzed using independent samples t-tests and Cohen’s d effect size.  Results: The findings suggest that the ICARE-Modification model creates a more interactive and cognitively engaging learning environment that supports the development of students’ critical thinking skills. Through structured stages of learning that involve exploration, discussion, and reflection, students are encouraged to actively construct knowledge and evaluate their own reasoning processes, which ultimately leads to better learning outcomes in critical thinking. Novelty: This study introduces the ICARE-Modification model, an extended instructional framework that integrates the traditional ICARE stages with AI-assisted problem-solving activities to foster students’ critical thinking skills in teacher education. Unlike previous studies that apply ICARE as a conventional instructional model, this research incorporates structured cognitive scaffolding and AI-supported reflective learning to enhance higher-order thinking processes.
Co-Authors ?Aini, Nurul Ais Agustining Syamsiar Alvian Novita Damayanti Anindita Rahadinar Kinanti Asaduddin Al Hawari Aulia Firdauzi Hasanah Dian Nur Khayati Dini Fatrisia Hasniati Dody Tisna Amijaya Dyah Hariani E Susantini Elok Sudibyo Endang Susantini Endang Susantini Endang Susantini Erlix Rakhmad Purnama Faradillah Asri Fida Rachmadiarti Fida Racmadiarti Fitriani, Herdiyana Flaviana Claudia Andayani Hunaepi, Hunaepi Indiarti Dwi Fina Karina Trimawati Khaleyla, Firas L Firdaus Laras Firdaus Laras Firdaus laras firdaus Mahiaka Dwi Atmaja Mas Al Fath Imru'ul Qais As-Syauqi MOHAMMAD BUDIYANTO Muslimin Ibrahim Nisa Rahmasari Pranutasani Parameswari Putri Rifanissa Eka Pratiwi Rita Makdalena Rossanita Truelovin Hadi Putri Rudiana Agustini Satriawan, Muhammad Siti Aisyah T Samsuri Taufik Samsuri Tjandra Kirana Tjandrakirana . Utiya Azizah Vita Agusti Ningrum WIDOWATI BUDIJASTUTI Winda Nur Ainun Yeny Erawati Yuliani Yuliani Zaida Fithrotul Ilma