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Implementasi asas keamanan dan keselamatan konsumen dalam perjanjian asuransi kecelakaan penumpang ojek online (Studi kasus PT. Jasa Raharja, Medan) Munthe, Muhammad Asdon; Sativa, Annisa
Cessie : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Cessie: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum
Publisher : ARKA INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55904/cessie.v4i2.1649

Abstract

Perkembangan transportasi berbasis aplikasi menuntut adanya perlindungan hukum yang lebih komprehensif bagi penumpang ojek online, khususnya dalam aspek keamanan dan keselamatan. Penelitian ini menganalisis implementasi asas keamanan dan keselamatan konsumen dalam perjanjian asuransi kecelakaan penumpang ojek online berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, dengan fokus pada kebijakan PT. Jasa Raharja di Medan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terdapat ketentuan perlindungan asuransi, implementasinya masih menghadapi kendala, seperti minimnya sosialisasi, keterbatasan akses data dari aplikator, serta belum adanya regulasi spesifik mengenai asuransi transportasi online. Selain itu, cakupan perlindungan belum menjangkau pengemudi non-mitra dan perjalanan di luar sistem aplikasi. Implikasi praktis dari temuan ini adalah perlunya regulasi khusus, penguatan sinergi antara pemerintah, aplikator, dan perusahaan asuransi, serta edukasi yang lebih luas kepada masyarakat guna menjamin kepastian hukum dan perlindungan konsumen yang adil, efektif, dan menyeluruh dalam ekosistem transportasi daring.
Keabsahan Hukum Perjanjian Jual Beli melalui Whatsapp Bisnis berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen Alfatunisah, Alfatunisah; Sativa, Annisa
Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): Legal Standing
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24269/ls.v9i4.12137

Abstract

The rise of digital technology has driven business actors to use WhatsApp Business as a platform for buying and selling transactions, which in turn increases the risk of breach of contract (wanprestasi) against consumers. This study aims to identify the causes of business actors' breach of contract through WhatsApp Business, analyze legal protection for consumers based on Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection (UUPK), and evaluate the application of legal sanctions against business actors who commit breaches. The research uses a normative juridical approach, relying on statutory regulations, legal principles, and relevant literature, along with document-based analysis. The findings show that agreements made through WhatsApp can be legally binding if they meet the valid elements of a contract as stipulated in the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata). Consumers who suffer losses are entitled to protection and compensation in accordance with Article 19 of the UUPK, and business actors can be subjected to civil, administrative, or criminal sanctions if proven to have committed a breach. Transactions via WhatsApp Business fall within the scope of formal legal protection, and electronic evidence such as chats and payment proofs are legally admissible in court as guaranteed by the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law).
Royalty Fee Penggunaan Merek pada Sistem Franchise UMKM Kebab Goceng di Kota Medan Persfektif Fatwa DSN MUI No.114/dsn mui/ix/2017 Hafsari, Vita; Sativa, Annisa
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1148

Abstract

A franchise is an agreement regarding how to distribute products and services to customers. The party providing the license called the Franchisor, permits another party, called the Franchise, to run a product and service distribution business using the Franchisor's name in a certain area for a certain period of time. This business must be operated in accordance with the procedures and methods determined by the Franchisor. The Franchisor also provides support to the Franchisee, and in return, the Franchisee pays initial fees and royalties. In order to create a franchise business model that is in line with Islamic principles, it is necessary to apply the sharia value system as an ethical basis for business, aimed at preventing ethical violations in business (moral hazard). This research aims to examine the process of determining royalty fees for brand use within the framework of a franchise system, with a focus on the perspective explained in the DSN MUI Fatwa No:114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017. A review of the MUI's (Indonesian Ulema Council) fatwa and views on intellectual property rights and franchise practices shows the importance of complying with sharia principles in franchise agreements. These principles include clear profit calculations, profit sharing based on proportional ratios, and commitment to risks and losses. This case study focuses on the Kebab Goceng Franchise in Medan City, using a qualitative approach, including in-depth interviews and document analysis as data collection methods. The research results show that the Kebab Goceng franchise in Medan City has not implemented the DSN MUI Fatwa No: 114/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 in determining royalties. This determination is based on the criteria of fairness, mutual agreement and business sustainability. However, there are challenges regarding the interpretation and practical application of this fatwa.
Wanprestasi Akad Gadai Emas pada Pegadaian Syariah Sibuhuan Kecamatan Barumun Kabupaten Padang Lawas Berdasarkan Fatwa DSN Nomor 25/DSN-MUI/III/2002 Siregar, Hajijah Rizkinami; Sativa, Annisa
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1166

Abstract

Perkembangan kehidupan masyarakat semakin hari semakin meningkat, yang kemudian menjadi permasalahan bagi sebagian orang yang tidak memiliki cukup uang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Untuk memenuhi hal tersebut, sebagian masyarakat melakukan gadai emas miliknya untuk mendapatkan pinjaman uang dan memenuhi kehidupan sehari-hari ataupun modal dalam membuka usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bentuk wanprestasi dan penyelesaian secara hukum wanprestasi akad gadai emas berdasarkan fatwa DSN No. 25/DSN-MUI/III/2002. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wanprestasi gadai emas yakni pihak nasabah tidak membayar kewajibannya hingga telah jatuh tempo. Upaya penyelesaian wanprestasi nasabah tersebut dilakukan dengan teguran, negoisasi, dan berakhir dengan lelang.
Tinjauan Hukum Pidana Islam terhadap Tindak Pidana Penipuan Hasibuan, Nahda; Panjaitan, Budi Sastra; Sativa, Annisa
Jurnal Hukum dan Demokrasi (JHD) Vol 24 No 4 (2024): Hukum dan Demokrasi (HD)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Prof Gayus Lumbuun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61234/hd.v24i4.52

Abstract

Islam forbids all forms of criminal acts including all forms of criminal acts of fraud. Fraud is a crime committed by someone by lying to other people or deception. When viewed from the point of view of the actions and elements contained in fraud, there are similarities between criminal acts of fraud and criminal acts regulated in Islamic law, namely: ghulul, treason, and lying. The research approach used is normative legal research. The purpose of this research is to find out the views of Islamic criminal law on fraud crimes with the following conclusions: In Islamic criminal law the punishment given to perpetrators of fraud is jariman ta'zir because ta'zir is a punishment handed over to the government (ulul amri) especially the judge who imposed the criminal sentence, the judge can determine the type of punishment according to his ijtihad such as the crime of fraud which has been regulated in Article 378 of the Criminal Code. Keywords: Islamic Criminal Law and Fraud.
Legal Protection for T-Shirt Design Owners from the Perspective of the MUI Fatwa No. 1 MUNAS VII/MUI/5/2005 (A Study of the Shopee Marketplace) Yusri, Lisa; Sativa, Annisa
Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE) Vol 7 No 3 (2024): Sharia Economics
Publisher : Sharia Economics Department Universitas KH. Abdul Chalim, Mojokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31538/iijse.v7i3.5673

Abstract

In creating a clothing design, it takes a long process to obtain inspiration and careful consideration accompanied by research first. However, this time-consuming process causes many people to not appreciate the process of creating a clothing design. So many people decide to imitate other people's pre-existing designs. The violation of industrial design rights discussed by this author is that an unregistered mark imitates or plagiarizes a registered mark as determined in Article 54 of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 31 of 2000 concerning Industrial Design. In fact, this of course violates the copyright of the work created by the designer, where he does not get the commission rights that he should get. In this research, the author used a Normative research method, in legal research there are several statutory approaches which are carried out by examining the laws and regulations that are related to the issue at hand. The results of this research show that there is imitation of t-shirt designs in the market place shop. The imitation is in the same shape, image and lines. According to MUI Fatwa NUMBER 1 MUNAS VII/MUI/5/2005, protection for t-shirt designs is preventive or preventive in nature because violations of IPR are haram and according to the law will be subject to criminal or civil sanctions.
Analysis of Maslahah Mursalah Comparison of the Settlement of Sharia Insurance Contracts at National Sharia Arbitration Board and the Indonesian Insurance Mediation and Abitration Agency Sativa, Annisa; Ansari, Ansari; Panjaitan, Budi Sastra
JURNAL AKTA Vol 11, No 1 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v11i1.34091

Abstract

This paper aims to share knowledge and provide another point of view regarding the view of Maslahah Mursalah Analysis of Comparative Settlement of Sharia Insurance Contracts at National Sharia Arbitration Board and the Indonesian Insurance Mediation and Abitrase Agency. Insurance is defined as a reasonable (fair) transfer of the risk of loss, from 1 (one) entity to another entity. And to guarantee and resolve insurance disputes, of course, requires an institution that is willing to take over the risks of the community, both individual risks and group risks caused. The two institutions discussed are National Sharia Arbitration Board and Indonesian Insurance Mediation and Arbitration Agency. The problems to be discussed in this research are about how the comparison of the binding force of the decision of the National Sharia Arbitration Board and the Indonesian Insurance Mediation and Arbitration Board (Indonesian Insurance Mediation and Arbitration Agency) in the Settlement of Sharia Insurance Contract Disputes, and how the dispute resolution by Indonesian Insurance Mediation and Arbitration Agency and National Sharia Arbitration Board and the Maslahah Mursalah review of the nonlitigation mediation. In this research the author uses normative legal research. The research uses literature as a reference, namely books or journals and supporting materials that discuss these two institutions. And the results of the research in this paper are the two institutions intended to resolve insurance disputes, namely National Sharia Arbitration Board and Indonesian Insurance Mediation and Arbitration Agency. Disputes are resolved by National Sharia Arbitration Board if the dispute cannot be resolved by internal deliberation by the insurance company. While disputes are resolved by Indonesian Insurance Mediation and Arbitration Agency, namely if the insured has a dispute with the insurance company and cannot reach a settlement of the dispute. The two institutions have permanent legal force.