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Judicial Reasoning on Force Majeure in Banking Credit Agreements Following Natural Disasters Moh. Nur Rahmat Cono; Nirwan Junus; Mohamad Taufiq Zulfikar Sarson
Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Law, Human Rights, Immigration, and Corrections
Publisher : Yayasan Cerdas Pedia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65101/lawric.v1i3.323

Abstract

This article examines judicial reasoning in determining whether a debtor’s failure to perform obligations under a banking credit agreement following a natural disaster constitutes force majeure or breach of contract. It applies normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, with a comparative analysis of Decision Number 9/Pdt.G/2019/PTA.Gtlo of the Gorontalo Religious High Court and Decision Number 97/Pdt.G/2020/PA.Pal of the Palu Religious Court. The study finds that the Gorontalo decision recognized relative overmacht and restricted collateral execution, whereas the Palu decision rejected force majeure because the contractual object remained usable and the debtor lacked sufficient good faith. These differing approaches create uncertainty for creditors in debt recovery, restructuring, and collateral execution. The article proposes assessment indicators based on causation, the condition of the collateral, the temporary or permanent nature of the impediment, debtor good faith, restructuring efforts, and proportional creditor action.
From Protection to Justification: Distorting Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah in Child Marriage Kamba, Sri Nanang Meiske; Thalib, Mutia Cherawaty; Mustika, Waode; Sarson, Moh. Taufiq Zulfikar
AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah INSURI Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almanhaj.v8i1.9607

Abstract

This article investigates the distortion of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah within the practice of child marriage in Indonesia, where a normative framework intended to safeguard protection is increasingly reinterpreted as a mechanism for social legitimation. This research seeks to critically examine the selective deployment of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah in judicial decisions on marriage dispensation and to uncover internal tensions among the objectives of Islamic law concerning child welfare protection. We employ a normative legal research design using conceptual and case-based approaches drawing upon statutory regulations, court rulings, and both classical and contemporary maqāṣid literature. The findings reveal that judicial reasoning in dispensation cases tends to overemphasize the protection of honor (ḥifẓ al-‘ird) while marginalizing essential safeguards such as life (ḥifẓ al-nafs) and intellect (ḥifẓ al-‘aql). This pattern produces a pseudo-maqāṣid phenomenon and reflects underlying power relations in legal construction shaped by prevailing social pressures. This study concludes that a methodological reconstruction is required for the application of maqāṣid through a hierarchical and contextual framework that prioritizes child protection, ensuring that Islamic law operates as an instrument of substantive justice rather than mere normative legitimacy within the Indonesian judicial practice.