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PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH PADAT TPAS MANGGAR MENJADI PRODUK BIOPELLET (REFUSE-DERIVED FUEL) DENGAN MESIN PELLETIZER BERBASIS SISTEM PENGGERAK ROLLER Ernawati, Lusi; Ginting, Rizqy Romadhona; Lestari, Rizka; Raihan, Muhammad; Sianturi, Hizkia Gunawan Parulian; Kurniawati, Diniar Mungil; Amrullah, Apip; Farobie, Obie; Prawisudha, Pandji
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 9, No 3 (2025): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v9i3.31314

Abstrak: Dinas Lingkungan Hidup (DLH) Balikpapan memperingatkan bahwa kapasitas Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir Sampah (TPAS) Manggar diperkirakan akan mencapai batas maksimal pada tahun 2026 apabila tidak dilakukan upaya pengelolaan yang lebih optimal. Beberapa cara mengkonversi limbah padat menjadi bahan bakar telah dilakukan untuk mengurangi volume sampah padat yang semakin meningkat. Namun, tidak menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan, sehingga upaya pengolahan sampah padat terus dilakukan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan masyarakat, khususnya komunitas pengelola sampah TPAS Manggar, dengan melatih mereka membuat produk biopellet menggunakan mesin pelletizer yang berbasis sistem penggerak roller. Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan dengan melibatkan 25 peserta dari komunitas pengelola sampah TPAS Maggar. Kegiatan ini mencakup penyampaian materi teori, yang meliputi sosialisasi mengenai sampah padat, pemilahan sampah, dan manajemen pengolahannya. Selain itu, dilakukan demonstrasi penggunaan alat pelletizer, praktik langsung pembuatan biopellet, serta evaluasi melalui pre-test dan post-test. Dengan menggunakan analisis statistik Paired Two Sample for Means, terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan dalam tingkat pengetahuan serta keterampilan anggota kelompok pelatihan. Perbedaan rerata skor pre-test dan post-test yang secara statistik signifikan mengindikasikan bahwa program pelatihan tersebut memiliki dampak yang positif terhadap kemampuan para peserta. Dengan hasil evaluasi ini, pelatihan serupa diharapkan dapat direplikasi di komunitas lain sebagai upaya peningkatan kesadaran lingkungan dan penerapan teknologi ramah lingkungan dalam pengelolaan sampah.Abstract: The Balikpapan Environmental Agency (DLH) has issued a warning that the Manggar Final Waste Processing Site (TPAS) may reach full capacity by 2026 unless more effective waste management strategies are implemented. Although various methods of converting solid waste into fuel have been attempted to address the growing waste volume, these efforts have yet to produce significant results. Consequently, solid waste processing initiatives remain ongoing.In response, a community service program was initiated to enhance the capabilities of local residents, particularly members of the Manggar TPAS waste management team. This initiative focused on training participants in the production of biopellets using a pelletizer machine equipped with a roller drive system. A total of 20 community members took part in this program. The training included the presentation of theoretical material covering topics such as solid waste management, sorting procedures, and waste processing techniques. It also featured hands-on sessions where participants practiced operating the pelletizer and producing biopellets. To assess the program’s effectiveness, participants underwent pre- and post-training evaluations. Using the Paired Two Sample for Means statistical method, the data revealed a significant improvement in the participants’ knowledge and skills. The measurable increase in average test scores demonstrates the positive impact of the training. Based on these findings, it is advisable to implement similar initiatives in other communities to encourage environmental awareness and the use of sustainable waste management technologies.

UTILISASI LIMBAH MINYAK JELANTAH MENJADI PRODUK SABUN PADAT DAN LILIN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENERAPAN ZERO WASTE Ernawati, Lusi; Lestari, Rizka; Yuniar, Rizka Ayu; Putri, Nita Ariestiana; Hariyadi, Asful
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 8, No 5 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v8i5.25997

Abstrak: Limbah minyak goreng merupakan salah satu limbah rumah tangga yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Residu dari proses penggorengan ini banyak mengandung asam lemak yang memiliki potensi untuk diolah menjadi produk sabun padat dan lilin. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini ditujukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mitra baik hard skill dan soft skill yakni mencakup: (1) mitra mampu memahami prosedur pembuatan sabun dan lilin dengan bahan dasar minyak jelantah, (2) terbentuknya ketrampilan mitra dalam membuat produk berupa sabun padat dan lilin aroma terapi, (3) mengasah kemampuan komunikasi mahasiswa ITK yang terlibat dalam tim panitia kegiatan pengabdian melalui presentasi dan hubungan sosial dengan peserta pelatihan. Selain itu kegiatan ini menjadi salah satu bentuk upaya penerapan zero waste untuk mengubah limbah menjadi produk yang memiliki nilai guna dan bernilai ekonomi. Adapun metode pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan melalui transfer of knowledge dan technology dengan langkah-langkah: (1) persiapan, (2) pelaksanaan, dan (3) evaluasi kegiatan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan di kampus ITK sebagai host kegiatan berlokasi di lab kimia dasar dengan peserta siswa dan guru SMP 5 Balikpapan sebanyak 20 orang. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui beberapa metode yaitu ceramah, tanya jawab dan diskusi kemudian dilanjutkan praktik pembuatan sabun padat dan lilin. Kegiatan ini berjalan dengan baik dan disambut antusias oleh peserta pelatihan. Perubahan pemahaman peserta sebelum dan setelah pelaksanaan kegiatan tentang proses pembuatan sabun dan lilin dari limbah minyak minyak jelantah menjadi indikator keberhasilan kegiatan. Sebanyak 90% peserta (termasuk guru dan para siswa) belum mengetahui bagaimana cara pembuatan sabun padat dan lilin aroma terapi dari minyak jelantah sebelum mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan. Setelah dilakukan pelatihan dan praktik pembuatan, seluruh peserta telah mengetahui cara pembuatan sabun maupun lilin dari minyak jelantah serta diharapkan peserta pelatihan memiliki keterampilant memanfaatkan limbah minyak goreng di rumah.Abstract: One of the household pollutants that might contaminate the environment is cooking oil waste. Many fatty acids found in the frying residue have the ability to be converted into solid soap and wax compounds. This community service project aims to enhance partners' abilities, both hard and soft skills. These abilities include: (1) partners' comprehension of the steps involved in creating soap and candles from used cooking oil; and (2) partners' development of skills in creating solid soap and candle products. aromatherapy; (3) through presentations and interpersonal interactions with training participants, ITK students participating in the committee team for the service activity will improve their communication abilities. Aside from that, this activity is an attempt to achieve zero waste by turning rubbish into useful and valuable goods. The method for implementing activities is carried out through the transfer of knowledge and technology with the steps: (1) preparation, (2) implementation, and (3) evaluation of activities. Twenty students and teachers from SMP 5 Balikpapan participated in the program, which was hosted on the ITK campus in the basic chemistry lab. A variety of techniques were used to carry out this activity, including lectures, Q&A sessions, and group discussions. The process of creating solid soap and candles was the next step. The training participants eagerly welcomed and the activity proceeded smoothly. An indicator of the activity's success is how participants' knowledge of how to make soap and candles from leftover used cooking oil changed before and after the activity. Prior to taking part in the training session, up to 90% of participants—including teachers and students—did not know how to produce solid soap and aromatherapy candles out of spent cooking oil. All participants learned how to produce soap and candles from spent cooking oil after completing training and manufacturing practice, and it is anticipated that training participants would be able to use leftover cooking oil at home.

Environmental Impact Evaluation of Tofu Production using Life Cycle Assessment Lestari, Rizka; Rahmawati, Dian; Binti Ibrahim, Khairul Nadiah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v8i1.5069

Tofu is one of the products made from soybeans that a sizable portion of people in a larger society consume. There are several ways to make tofu, from conventional to modern. The conventional tofu production process generates a lot of waste. Many of the researchers have explored numerous strategies to handle tofu waste in a way that minimizes its harmful influence on the environment. However, in many cases, the environmental impact is simply transferred from one process to another during the treatment of tofu waste. As a result, the whole tofu-making process requires an evaluation of the effects. Among these approaches is life cycle assessment (LCA). The study discovered that energy use was the primary factor leading to environmental impacts. Burning firewood for energy resulted in 55.61 kg of carbon dioxide equivalent. The emission value has been reduced to 32 kg CO₂ eq and 28 kg CO₂ eq, respectively, according to the findings of simulations by utilizing biogas and natural gas as fuels.

Microalgae as A Bioremediation Agent for Palm Oil Mill Effluent: Production of Biomass and High Added Value Compounds Putri, Nita Ariestiana; Dewi, Resti Nurmala; Lestari, Rizka; Yuniar, Rizka Ayu; Ma'arif, Luluk Majidah; Erianto, Ricky
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 18, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (December, 2023 )
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v18i2.34018

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is high strength wastewater obtained from palm fruit processing, which contains high chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and other contaminants. The pollutant load in POME can serve as a source of nutrients for microalgae growth. As a result, the goal of this work was to utilize Spirulina sp. and Nannochloropsis oculata to reduce the nutritional content of POME while producing biomass rich in high-value chemicals. The cultivation was conducted in a batch reactor using various POME fractions (0-20%) under 5,000 lux light intensity and continuous aeration at a temperature of 22-28C and a salinity of 30 ppt for 14 consecutive-days. The results demonstrate that Spirulina sp. produced the most biomass at 15% POME, accounting for 4.670.95 g/L with 0.570.11 1/day of growth rate and 3.33% of COD reduction efficiency. Meanwhile, Nannochloropsis oculata thrived in 20% POME, producing 4.430.36 g/L biomass, 1.180.31 1/day growth rate, and 14.43% COD reduction efficiency. In the proximate analysis. Spirulina sp. and Nannochlorpsis oculata provided 0.87%; 1.11% lipid and 1.03%; 0.86% protein, respectively.

INOVASI SABUN BERKELANJUTAN BERBAHAN DASAR MINYAK JELANTAH Lestari, Rizka; Purwanto, Mochammad; Sari, Thalia Winda; Khairunnisa, Aulia; Gunawan, M. Irwan
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 9, No 1 (2025): Februari
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v9i1.27911

Abstrak: Pengolahan limbah minyak jelantah merupakan salah satu metode yang digunakan sebagai upaya mengurangi jumlah buangan sampah organik. Limbah minyak jelantah yang langsung dibuang melalui sink dan berakhir ke badan air di selokan akan mengakibatkan banyak dampak negatif baik bagi masyarakat ataupun lingkungan. Pengolahan limbah minyak jelantah menjadi sabun memiliki dampak langsung dalam mengurangi volume sampah organik sekaligus bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan warga. Hal ini dapat mendorong pengembangan ekonomi kreatif secara berkelanjutan bagi masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian dihadiri oleh seluruh anggota PKK RT.40, Gunung Samarinda, Kota Balikpapan, dengan jumlah peserta sekitar ± 25 orang. Selama kegiatan, metode yang diterapkan adalah praktik langsung yang dilanjutkan dengan evaluasi dan monitoring pasca pelatihan bersama warga. Kuesioner digunakan sebagai alat evaluasi untuk mengukur peningkatan keberhasilan kegiatan yang dilakukan. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner, terjadi peningkatan pemahaman serta keterampilan warga sebesar 30%. Selain itu 80% warga menyatakan bahwa proses pembuatan sabun dari minyak jelantah sangat menarik, mudah dipraktikkan dan bahan-bahannya mudah didapatkan dipasaran. Abstract: The processing of used cooking oil waste is one of the following methods used as an effort to reduce the amount of organic waste disposal. Direct disposal of used cooking oil waste through sinks and into water bodies or sewers can have significant negative impacts on both the community and the environment. Processing used cooking oil waste into soap has a direct impact on reducing the volume of organic waste as well as improving the skills of the community. The process aims to enhance the skills of the residents. This can encourage the development of a sustainable creative economy for the community. All members of PKK RT.40, Gunung Samarinda, Balikpapan City, attended the community service activity, with a total of approximately 25 participants. The activity employed a hands-on practice method, followed by a post-training evaluation and community monitoring. We used questionnaires as an evaluation tool to gauge the success of the activities we carried out. The questionnaire showed a 30% increase in community understanding and skills. In addition, 80% residents stated that the process of making soap from used cooking oil is very interesting, easy to practice and the ingredients are easily available in the market.

INOVASI EKSTRAKTOR PEWARNA ALAMI BATIK KHAS KALIMANTAN UNTUK PEMBERDAYAAN PUSAT KERAJINAN BATIK Ernawati, Lusi; Ginting, Rizqy Romadhona; Lestari, Rizka; Reza, Mutia
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 8, No 3 (2024): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v8i3.23388

Abstrak: Banyak produk adat dan kebudayaan lokal terkenal di Kalimantan Timur, selain kekayaan sumber daya alam, salah satunya adalah pabrik kain batik Shaho. Berdasarkan hasil survei, pusat kerajinan batik Shaho sampai saat ini masih menggunakan pewarna kimia sintetis yang bersifat genotoksik, karsinogen dan merupakan polutan berkategori B3. Tujuan dari kegiatan adalah memperkenalkan rancangan alat ekstraktor untuk produksi pewarna alami kain batik dengan bahan baku serbuk kayu khas hutan Kalimantan (Ulin dan Bangkirai) serta memberikan wawasan dan pengetahuan kepada mitra melalui pengenalan teknologi ekstraksi modern untuk pembuatan pewarna alami kain batik. Mitra pada pengabdian ini adalah pemilik usaha batik Shaho yang berlokasi di kelurahan Batu Ampar, jalan LKMD RT. 5, No. 45 Balikpapan. Peserta terdiri dari pekerja mitra Batik shaho sebanyak 10 orang, pemilik usaha batik 2 orang dan masyarakat sekitar sebanyak 8 orang. Dari kuesioner yang terdiri dari 10 pertanyaan kepada 20 peserta menunjukkan bahwa wawasan pekerja pusat kerajinan batik meningkat tentang pembuatan ekstrak pewarna alami dari serbuk kayu dengan alat ekstraktor sebelum demonstrasi dengan indeks capaian sebesar 60 % naik menjadi 90% sesudah demonstrasi. Peserta memberikan respon positif terutama pada inovasi alat ekstraktor dan produk pewarna kain alami. Produk pewarna cair alami dari ekstrak serbuk kayu ini diharapkan dapat dikembangkan menjadi produk pewarna padat alami dari serbuk kayu yang pemanfaatannya lebih tahan lama serta dari segi pengemasan lebih ekonomis. Abstract: Many traditional and local cultural products are famous in East Kalimantan, in addition to the wealth of natural resources, one of which is the Shaho batik cloth factory. Based on the survey results, the Shaho batik craft center is still using synthetic chemical dyes that are genotoxic, carcinogenic and are B3 category pollutants. The purpose of the activity is to introduce the design of an extractor tool for the production of natural batik dyes with raw materials from Kalimantan forest sawdust (Ulin and Bangkirai) and to provide insight and knowledge to partners through the introduction of modern extraction technology for making natural batik dyes. The partners in this service are the owners of the Shaho batik business located in Batu Ampar Village, Jalan LKMD RT. 5, No. 45 Balikpapan. Participants consisted of 10 Batik shaho partner workers, 2 batik business owners and 8 people from the surrounding community. From the questionnaire consisting of 10 questions to 20 participants, it showed that the insight of the batik craft center workers increased about making natural dye extracts from sawdust with an extractor tool before the demonstration with an achievement index of 60% increasing to 90% after the demonstration. Participants gave positive responses especially to the innovation of extractor tools and natural fabric dye products. Natural liquid dye products from sawdust extract are expected to be developed into natural solid dye products from sawdust which are more durable and more economical in terms of packaging.

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