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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia Teknika: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi JITIPARI (Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi dan Industri Pangan UNISRI) Jurnal Pengolahan Pangan Jurnal Kartika Kimia Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia FoodTech: Jurnal Teknologi Pangan Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Prosiding Simposium Nasional Rekayasa Aplikasi Perancangan dan Industri Prosiding University Research Colloquium Jurnal Ilmu Multidisplin Abdi Teknoyasa Jurnal Ekonomi, Teknologi dan Bisnis Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Jurnal Teknologi Bahan Alam JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN
Sugiharto, Agung
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences

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Techno-economic Review of Isolation of Eugenol from Clove Oil with Batch Distillation Sugiharto, Agung; Harismah, Kun; Sekarwati, Erni; Widayatno, Tri
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 19, No 2 (2024): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (December, 2024)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v19i2.34859

Abstract

All parts of the clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum L.), including roots, stems, leaves and flowers, can be processed into clove oil. One of the important compounds in clove oil is Eugenol. Pharmaceutical grade eugenol has a very high selling value, however conventional refining without a purification process only produces clove oil with a eugenol content of 78-80%. In this research, the purification of eugenol from clove oil refined by clove farmers was carried out by comparing two methods, namely the reactive extraction process and batch distillation. Analysis of the final products from both processes was carried out by GC-MS. The eugenol isolation process using a reactive extraction method with various variations in NaOH purity obtained optimum results at 2 N NaOH levels where clove oil was produced with a eugenol content of 75.33% with a product recovery of 40%. Meanwhile, eugenol was isolated using batch distillation with constant reflux and atmospheric pressure to obtain pure clove oil with a eugenol content of 97.02% with a product recovery of 28.25%.
Efficiency of Phosphate Concentration Reduction in Laundry Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation Method Yuniar, Dhara; Sugiharto, Agung
Jurnal Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tjst.v21i1.32615

Abstract

Laundry wastewater contains high levels of phosphates derived from detergent additives, such as sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), which can trigger eutrophication and degrade water quality if discharged directly into water bodies without treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the electrocoagulation method in reducing phosphate concentrations in laundry wastewater and to assess its potential as a practical and environmentally friendly solution for wastewater management. The electrocoagulation process utilized aluminum electrodes with varying voltages (10, 20, and 30 volts) and contact times (30, 60, and 90 minutes). The results showed that the highest efficiency was achieved at 30 volts and a contact time of 90 minutes, with a phosphate concentration reduction of 96.61%, from 0.277 mg/L to 0.009 mg/L. These findings indicate that increasing voltage and contact time accelerates floc formation and enhances phosphate precipitation efficiency. Thus, electrocoagulation proved to be an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional coagulation, as it requires no additional chemicals and produces less sludge.
N-Doped and Chemically Activated Carbons Derived from Shrimp Shells Waste as Potential Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Supercapacitors Khuzaimah, Siti; Mujiburohman, Muhammad; Sugiharto, Agung; Widayatno, Tri; Fuadi, Ahmad M.
Molekul Vol 20 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2025.20.2.11050

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Supercapacitors are widely recognized as energy storage solutions due to their high-power densities and long cycle life. Furthermore, there is growing scientific and technological interest in converting biomass waste into carbon materials for manufacturing supercapacitor electrodes. In addition to their abundance and cost-effectiveness, the appeal of carbons derived from biomass lies in their tuneable porosity, which enables the rational design of carbon materials to achieve the desired performance of supercapacitors. This work presents the synthesis of activated carbons from shrimp shells waste and its application for supercapacitor electrodes, with an activation treatment using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and nitrogen doping (N-doped). The activator concentration was varied at 3, 6, and 9 M; while the N-doped ratios were 1:3, 1:5, and 1:7. The characteristics of activated carbon and supercapacitor electrodes was analysed with BET, SEM, CV, and GCD. The resulting materials exhibited amorphous and predominant microporous structures. Increasing the activation concentration gave smaller specific surface area, from 17.522 to 9.509 m2 g−1. The electrochemical properties of these activated carbons for supercapacitor applications were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, with KOH electrolyte. The best activated carbon produced was mesoporous with the highest specific surface of 17.522 m2/g, obtained at 3 M H3PO4 and a nitrogen doping ratio of 1:3. At the same activator concentration and nitrogen doping ratio (3 M; 1:3), the highest capacitance was obtained 16.320 Farad, with current charging and discharging stop at 475 seconds and 1235 seconds, respectively. This work showcases the efficient and sustainable utilization of shrimp shells waste as a carbon source for supercapacitor applications and highlights their value in a circular economy. Keywords: Activated carbon, Activator H3PO4, Nitrogen doping, Shrimp shell, Supercapacitor
Optimization of Ethanol Isolation From Molasses Fermentation Mesh Using Batch Distillation: Simulation With Secondary Data Verification Gibson, Gibson; Fatikhah, Maulifah Rofidatul; Mahdi, Naufal; Sugiharto, Agung
Jurnal Ekonomi Teknologi dan Bisnis (JETBIS) Vol. 2 No. 11 (2023): Jurnal Ekonomi, Teknologi dan Bisnis
Publisher : Al-Makki Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57185/jetbis.v2i11.75

Abstract

This study focuses on the optimization of ethanol isolation from molasses fermentation mash through batch distillation, employing a simulation approach with secondary data verification. Molasses, a byproduct of sugar production, serves as an economical feedstock for ethanol production. The aim is to enhance the efficiency of the distillation process, maximizing ethanol yield while minimizing energy consumption. The research employs process simulation software to model and analyze the batch distillation of ethanol from molasses fermentation mash. The simulation incorporates secondary data verification, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the model against experimental results from previous studies. This iterative process allows for the refinement of simulation parameters, ultimately improving the predictive capability of the model. Key factors such as reflux ratio, distillation time, and temperature profile are systematically varied to identify optimal conditions for ethanol isolation. The study also considers the impact of impurities present in the fermentation mash on the distillation process. Through sensitivity analysis, the influence of different variables on ethanol yield and purity is assessed, aiding in the identification of critical parameters for process optimization. Results obtained from the simulation and verified against experimental data reveal insights into the optimal operational conditions for ethanol isolation. The findings contribute to the development of more efficient and sustainable practices in ethanol production from molasses, offering potential economic and environmental benefits. In conclusion, this research bridges the gap between theoretical simulations and practical applications by optimizing the batch distillation process for ethanol isolation from molasses fermentation mash. The incorporation of secondary data verification enhances the reliability of the simulation, providing valuable insights for process engineers and researchers working towards the advancement of ethanol production technologies
PENYEDIAAN PAKAN TERNAK KAMBING BERKUALITAS MELALUI TEKNOLOGI FERMENTASI DAN DIVERSIFIKASI HIJAUAN Widayatno, Tri; Hamid, Hamid; Sugiharto, Agung
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 8th University Research Colloquium 2018: Bidang Teknik dan Rekayasa & Bidang Tekni
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

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Abstract

Animal welfare untuk ternak hewan sudah menjadi tuntutan bagi peternak di era modern saat ini. Peternak kambing tradisional dan konvensional kebanyakan belum memperhatikan hal tersebut dengan sebaik-baiknya. Disamping itu, peternak masih menghadapi permasalahan yang menjadi kendala besar dalam pengembangan usaha peternakan mereka termasuk diantaranya adalah penyediaan pakan ternak yang berkulaitas. Pemanfaatan teknologi untuk penyediaan pakan berkualitas dan diversifikasi hijauan akan membantu para peternak mengurai masalah tersebut. Pengembangan kemampuan penyediaan dan pengelolaan pakan ternak kambing ini dilakukan di desa Demangan, kec. Sambi kab. Boyolali. Solusi yang ditawarkan untuk membantu permasalahan mitra adalah mengupayakan pemenuhan asupan pakan yang berkualitas dan terjamin ketersediaannya sepanjang tahun baik musim penghujan maupun kemarau dengan teknologi fermentasi dan budidaya tanaman indigofera sebagai diversifikasi hijauan.Peternak telah berhasil membudidayakan tanaman indigofera untuk diversifikasi penyediaan pakan hijauan dan mengaplikasikan teknologi fermentasi sehingga ketersediaan pakan usaha ternak kambing dapat ditingkatkan dan proses budidaya ternak kambing di desa Demangan kecamatan Sambi kabupaten Boyolali dapat dilakukan lebih optimal.
Efektivitas Penurunan Kandungan Besi (Fe) dalam Air Tanah Menggunakan Reaktor Gelembung Damayanti, Annisa; Pratiwi, Pratiwi; Salsabila, Nadya Dara; Sugiharto, Agung
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 11th University Research Colloquium 2020: Bidang Sains dan Teknologi
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

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Abstract

Penurunan kadar besi (Fe2+) terlarut dalam air bersih yang dipakai untuk keperluan domestik dengan sistem aerasi udara bebas menggunakan reaktor gelembung telah dipelajari dalam penelitian ini. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan variasi kerapatan jumlah lubang per satuan luas penampang reaktor, diameter lubang aerasi dan lamanya waktu aerasi. Reaktor dioperasikan sesuai dengan model reaktor mixed flow, dengan diameter 22 cm tinggi 24,5 cm. Efektivitas penurunan kadar besi tertinggi sebesar 86,89% dari kadar mula-mula sebelum aerasi, diperoleh pada konfigurasi reaktor gelembung dengan jumlah lubang 100/0,0177 m2 luas penampang reaktor, diameter lubang aerasi 2 mm dan lamanya waktu aerasi 3 jam. Pengujian kadar besi dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 480 nm.
Pembuatan Briket dari Campuran Sampah Organik dan Blotong Dengan Perekat Tepung Tapioka dan Tepung Jagung Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Triasmoro, Rimadani Choirunnisa; Anggraeni, Vanila; Sugiharto, Agung
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 11th University Research Colloquium 2020: Bidang Sains dan Teknologi
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

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Abstract

Briket adalah bahan bakar padat yang diperoleh dari bahan organik maupun limbah industri yang diolah dengan proses karbonisasi, dan dicetak dengan tekanan tertentu. Bahan baku yang digunakan yaitu sampah organik dan blotong. Blotong merupakan limbah produksi guladari pemurnian nira yang sangat mengganggulingkungan bila tidak dimanfaatkankeberadaannya. Perekat yang digunakan adalah tepung tapioka dan tepung jagung masing-masing sebanyak 2 gram. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel bebas sampah organik (12;9;6) dan blotong (6;9;12). Tahapan proses pembuatan briket yaitu persiapan bahan baku, tahap karbonisasi, tahap pencampuran, tahap pembuatan perekat, tahap pembriketan, tahap pengeringan dan tahap uji briket. Dan pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu uji nilai kalor, kadar air, kadar karbon, kadar abu dan volatile matters.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa briket campuran sampah organik dan blotong dengan perekat tepung tapioka mempunyai nilai kalor 5000,778 kal/gram dan pada briket dengan perekat tepung jagung mempunyai nilai kalor 5054.6783 kal/gram. Hasil penelitian ini sesuai dengan standar mutu SNI No.1/6235/2000 yaitu ?5000 kal/gram.
Uji Efektifitas Koagulan Kapur (CaO), Ferri Klorida (FeCl3), Tawas (Al2(SO4)3) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar PO4 dan COD Pada Limbah Cair Domestik (Laundry) Dengan Metode Koagulasi Nugti, Maghfiroh Alifia; Dwi Cahyani, Silvia Mei; Latifah, Lusty; Sugiharto, Agung
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 11th University Research Colloquium 2020: Bidang MIPA dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

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Abstract

Koagulasi merupakan suatu proses pencampuran koagulan dengan pengadukan secara cepat untuk menstabilkan koloid dan solid tersuspensi yang kemudian membentuk jonjot mikro (mikro flok). Dalam proses koagulasi digunakan istilah koagulan, dimana koagulan adalah zat pengendap. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektifiktas koagulan dalam menurunkan kadar PO4 dan COD limbah cair laundry. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti memanfaatkan Kapur, Ferri Klorida, dan Tawas sebagai koagulan. Karena selama ini, ketiga bahan tersebut biasa digunakan dalam proses penjernihan air. Pada penelitian pengujian efektifitas koagulan ini, terbagi menjadi 3 tahap yaitu pengujian pretreatment, proses koagulasi (treatment) dan pengujian pretreatment. Variabel bebas yang digunakan adalah dosis koagulan CaO (0,5 gram, 0,65 gram, 0,8 gram, 0,95 gram dan 1,05 gram), FeCl3 (0,5 gram, 0,6 gram, 0,7 gram, 0,8 gram, 0,9 gram) dan Tawas (0,5 gram, 0,7 gram, 0,9 gram, 1,1 gram, 1,3 gram) sedangkan variabel terikat yang digunakan dalam penelitian kadar PO4 dan COD dalam air limbah laundry. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koagulan yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan kadar COD yaitu FeCl3 pada dosis 0,9 gram sebesar 150 mg/L dengan efisiensi 91,43%. Sedangkan koagulan yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan kadar PO4 yaitu kapur dengan rata-rata kadarnya 0,024 mg/L. Dari kedua parameter dilakukan perlakuan waktu koagulasi yang sama yaitu 30 menit.
Optimization of Essential Oil Production from Clove Leaves and Clove Handles (Syzgium Aromaticum) Using UAP Distillation Method: Optimasi Produksi Minyak Atsiri dari Daun Cengkeh dan Gagang Cengkeh (Syzgium Aromaticum) Menggunakan Metode Destilasi UAP Sugiharto, Agung; Kinanda, Amalia; Nugroho, Aris Tri
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 18th University Research Colloquium 2023: Bidang Teknik dan Rekayasa
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

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Abstract

Clove oil is one of the essential oils from the clove tree (syzygium aromaticum) which is abundant in Indonesia. Essential oil can be made from the leaves and handles of deciduous cloves. The composition of the oil produced varies depending on the state of the leaves and the method of distillation. The quality of essential oil is largely determined by the properties and chemical compounds contained therein. This study uses the steam distillation method to extract oil from clove leaves and clove handles. Clove leaves are dried according to variations in drying time. The variation of drying time used is 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 14 days. Clove leaves were chopped until slightly fine and then weighed as much as 2000 grams. While the study distilled 2000 grams of clove handle into a distillation kettle with a variety of feeds, namely 2 mesh and 8 mesh. This study aims to determine the optimization of the length of leaf drying time used, the effect of distillation process time, and the most optimal yield that can be produced, density analysis and refractive index analysis. The results of this study are expected to provide more knowledge related to clove leaf oil production.
Comparison the Effectiveness of Silica Sand and Resin Filter Media on Reducing Phosphate Levels of Wastewater of PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surakarta Asharani, Regita; Sugiharto, Agung; Khuzaimah, Siti; Estiyantara, Nurhadi
Jurnal Teknologi Bahan Alam Volume 3, Issue 1, April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jtba.v3i1.3710

Abstract

Liquid waste containing phosphates has an effect on human health. Phosphate levels based on the results of preliminary tests carried out at the PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Surakarta were 5.7 mg/L; these results exceeded wastewater quality standards. There are many ways to reduce phosphate levels to comply with wastewater quality standards, including adding PAC coagulants, alum, and others. However, this is less effective when applied to hospital wastewater, so the researchers used the filtration method to reduce phosphate levels. The filtration method is a filtering process that separates particles or sediment so that they are not carried away with the treated water ready for discharge. The filter media used include zeolite, activated carbon, resin, silica sand, and many more. In this research, only two filter media were used, comparing the effectiveness of silica sand and resin filter media. Processing used variations in column height of 60 cm, 80 cm, and 100 cm, employing slow filter filtration experimental methods and laboratory tests to reduce phosphate levels in wastewater from PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surakarta.
Co-Authors Ahmad Fadli Arya Ghifari Al-mu’tashim, Mas’ud Fajar Alfandi, Rochmad Anggraeni, Vanila Annisa Damayanti Asharani, Regita Azizah, Putri Rizki Nur Budiawan, Ilham Damayanti, Annisa Deviana Cahyaningsih Dustin Nurcahya Putra Kurniawan Dwi Cahyani, Silvia Mei Estiyantara, Nurhadi Fatikhah, Maulifah Rofidatul Fuadi, Ahmad M. Ghifari, Ahmad Fadli Arya Gibson Gibson Gibson, Gibson Hamid Hamid Hamid Hamid Handayani, Nindita Haryana, Riswana Stiana Hoyali, Imam Ilham Aji Nugroho Imam Hoyali Indah Dwi Lestari Indah Pratiwi Indriyani, Lusi Jannah, Nabilah Miftachul Kamaratih, Azzahra Ardya Khusna, Laila Al Kinanda, Amalia Kun Harismah Kurnia, Dicky Kusmiyati Kusmiyati Kusmiyati Kusmiyati Latifah, Lusty Lusty Latifah Maghfiroh Alifia Nugti Mahdi, Naufal Mahendra, Rizky Maulifah Rofidatul Fatikhah Maulinasari, Dhita Monica Novia Ardani Mujiburohman, Muhammad Nabilla, Tasya Hudani Nadya Dara Salsabila Naufal Mahdi Nugroho, Aris Tri Nugti, Maghfiroh Alifia Nur Aklis Okkan Abinata R Pratiwi Pratiwi Pratiwi Pratiwi Rakotoarisoa, Solofo Roger Revita Mulfi Mefiana Rimadani Choirunnisa Triasmoro Riza, Ramzul Irham Salsabila, Nadya Dara Sekarwati, Erni Silvia Mei Dwi Cahyani Siti Khuzaimah Siti Prihatin Sukardi, Risa Wahida Istiqomah Syarifa, Adilla Tasya Hudani Nabilla Tri Widayatno Triasmoro, Rimadani Choirunnisa Vanila Anggraeni Wardhana, Krisna Wisnu Yuniar, Dhara Zidni ‘Ilma Firdaus