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All Journal Poetika: Jurnal Ilmu Sastra Jurnal Adabiyah Jurnal Al-Tadzkiyyah Eralingua : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Asing dan Sastra JENTERA: Jurnal Kajian Sastra TSAQOFIYA : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Journal of Arabic Literature (Jali) Jurnal Media dan Komunikasi Indonesia Deskripsi Bahasa Indonesian Research Journal on Education Khidmat : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Sosial Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia
Hasanah, Ummi
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Framing of Hamas Attacks on Israel in Al-Jazeera and BBCCoverage Zawawi, Moh; Jambak, Mellinda Raswari; Hasanah, Ummi; Basid, Abdul; Anas, Khoirul
Eralingua: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Asing dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2024): ERALINGUA
Publisher : Makassar State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/eralingua.v8i1.59353

Abstract

Abstract. Digital media provides the latest news on global issues, particularly in the realm of religion, attracting a broad audience. This research explores how international mass media outlets Al-Jazeera and BBC frame their coverage of Hamas' attack on Israel on October 7. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive research method, the study aims to comprehensively depict the framing processes employed by Al-Jazeera and BBC in reporting on the Hamas-Israel conflict. Primary data includes Al-Jazeera's article "Why the Palestinian group Hamas launched an attack on Israel? All to know" and BBC News Indonesia's piece titled "What is Hamas and why is it fighting with Israel in Gaza?" Secondary data from relevant scholarly studies supports the research. Data collection involves reading and note-taking, while data analysis follows Miles and Huberman's model—data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Findings reveal that Al-Jazeera defines Hamas' attack on Israel as a defensive measure, emphasizing its causes and making moral judgments by comparing Hamas' damage to Israel's actions. Al-Jazeera recommends characterizing Israel's actions against Palestine as genocide. On the other hand, BBC portrays Hamas' assault as sudden terrorism, neglecting Israel's criminal history. In its moral assessment, BBC focuses on Hamas' crimes to support a terrorist narrative. Treatment recommendations by BBC attempt to legitimize Israel's colonization efforts by highlighting that Palestine lacks recognition as an independent state by the UN. Differences in framing in the reporting of the Hamas-Israel conflict can affect diplomacy and peace efforts in the region as well as international support for one of the parties. International mass media are not always objective in reporting conflicts because they are influenced by political and ideological interests. This can lead to criticism of media objectivity and fairness and raises questions about the media's responsibility in shaping public opinion that can influence the development of conflicts.Keywords: Framing, Mass Media, Hamas Attack, Israel, Robert Entman
Diqqatu Tarjamat Nushush al-Akhbaar al-'Arabiyyat Ilaa al-Induuniisiyyat Bistikhdaami Bing Translator Hasanah, Ummi; Zawawi, Moh
TSAQOFIYA : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab
Publisher : Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab IAIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/tsaqofiya.v6i1.553

Abstract

Nowadays, sophisticated technology makes it easier for humans to do their work. Like Bing Translator, it is a translation machine that is popular with many people. Makes it easy for humans to translate documents into any language. However, we need to know that the accuracy of machine translation results and human translation results are very different. Therefore, the aims of this research are to analyze the results of accurate, less accurate and inaccurate translations of Arabic news texts on the Arabiya News site using Bing Translator. Data comes from 3 paragraphs of Arabic news text with the themes of health, politics and economics. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques use reading and note-taking techniques. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman model, namely data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. Based on 16 data obtained from 4 health news text data, 10 political news text data, and 4 economic news text data, it can be concluded that there are 5 accurate data, 9 less accurate data, and 4 inaccurate data. الملخص في الوقت الحاضر، تسهل التكنولوجيا المتطورة على البشر القيام بعملهم. مثل وجود Bing Translator، فهي آلة ترجمة تحظى بشعبية كبيرة لدى الكثير من الأشخاص. يجعل من السهل على البشر ترجمة المستندات إلى أي لغة. ومع ذلك، علينا أن نعرف أن دقة نتائج الترجمة الآلية ونتائج الترجمة البشرية مختلفان تمامًا. ولذلك فإن أهداف هذا البحث هي تحليل نتائج الترجمات الدقيقة وأقل دقة وغير الدقيقة للنصوص الإخبارية العربية على موقع العربية الإخبارية باستخدام Bing Translator. تأتي البيانات من 3 فقرات من النص الإخباري العربي مع موضوعات الصحة والسياسة والاقتصاد. هذا البحث هو بحث وصفي نوعي. تستخدم تقنيات جمع البيانات تقنيات القراءة وتدوين الملاحظات. وفي الوقت نفسه، تستخدم تقنية تحليل البيانات نموذج مايلز وهوبرمان، أي تقليل البيانات، وعرض البيانات، واستخلاص النتائج. بناءً على ستة عشر بيانات تم الحصول عليها من أربع بيانات نصية لأخبار صحية، وعشر بيانات نصية لأخبار سياسية، و أربع بيانات نصية لأخبار اقتصادية، يمكن استنتاج أن هناك خمس بيانات دقيقة، وتسع بيانات أقل دقة، وأربع بيانات غير دقيقة
Fokalisasi pada Novel Ranah 3 Warna Karya Ahmad Fuadi: Kajian Naratologi Gerard Genette Jambak, Mellinda Raswari; Masadi, M. Anwar; Hasanah, Ummi
JENTERA: Jurnal Kajian Sastra Vol 12, No 2 (2023): Jentera: Jurnal Kajian Sastra
Publisher : Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/jentera.v12i2.6019

Abstract

Very often, focalization in the study of narratology is neglected in its use in literary works. The point of view in a short story or novel is one of the basics for understanding literary works. Based on this, focalization becomes one of the most important elements in the intrinsic structure of literary works. This study aims to describe the forms of internal and external focalization in the novel Ranah 3 Warna by Ahmad Fuadi. The method used is narrative method and structural approach. The theory used as a knife of analysis is Gerard Genette's theory of narratology. Words, phrases, sentences in the novel Ranah 3 Warna related to relevant theories will be the focus of the study. Data was collected by reading and note technique. The results of this study found three internal focalization data from the novel Ranah 3 Warna which represent other data. Alif describes several figures, namely Rusdi, Wira, and Agam. While on external focalization, Alif received information from several figures, namely Mr. Etek Gindo, Ustad Salman and Asti, his classmate at FISIP AbstrakSering sekali fokalisasi dalam kajian naratologi diabaikan penggunaannya dalam karya sastra. Sudut pandang dalam sebuah cerpen atau novel menjadi salah satu dasar tercapainya pemahaman karya sastra. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, fokalisasi menjadi salah satu elemen terpenting dalam struktur intrinsik karya sastra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan bentuk fokalisasi internal dan fokalisasi eksternal dalam novel Ranah 3 Warna karya Ahmad Fuadi. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode naratif dan pendekatan struktural. Teori yang dipakai sebagai pisau analisis adalah teori naratologi Gerard Genette. Kata, frasa, kalimat pada novel Ranah 3 Warna yang berkaitan dengan teori yang relevan akan menjadi fokus kajian. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik baca dan catat. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan tiga data fokalisasi internal dari novel Ranah 3 Warna yang mewakili data-data lainnya. Alif mendeskripsikan beberapa tokoh yaitu Rusdi, Wira, dan Agam. Sedangkan pada fokalisasi eksternal, Alif mendapatkan informasi dari beberapa tokoh yaitu Pak Etek Gindo, Ustad Salman dan Asti kakak kelasnya di FISIP.
Kritik Sosial Dalam Karikatur Serangan Idf Terhadap Rumah Sakit As-Syifa Palestina An shori, Alam; Hasanah, Ummi; Jambak, Melinda Raswari; Wargadinata, Wildana
Jurnal Media dan Komunikasi Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2024): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmki.93142

Abstract

The IDF raid on As-Syifa hospital is a serious matter because it is related to international humanitarian rules regarding civilian objects. Emad Hajjaj in his Instagram account criticizes this behavior with a caricature. This study aims to (1) reveal the representation of social criticism in Emad Hajjaj's caricatures on Instagram and (2) reveal the factors behind the making of caricatures. Primary data sources come from two caricatures in Emad Hajjaj's Instagram account, while secondary data come from books, journals, news, and articles relevant to this study. This type of research is qualitative research using the semiotic approach of Roman Jakobson's perspective. The data collection techniques used are screenshots, reading, and notes. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman technique which consists of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The result of this study is that researchers succeeded in revealing the forms of political criticism contained in two caricatures uploaded by @hajjaj_cartoons with six elements in the form of sender, context, contact, code, message and recipient. Meanwhile, the background of the criticism is a response to the IDF's actions.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Sekolah Terhadap Materi Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SD IT Robbani Hasanah, Ummi
Khidmat Vol 2 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : CV Edu Tech Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan sekolah terhadap pengetahuan dan nilai siswa di SD IT Robbani. Lingkungan sekolah penting dalam membentuk sikap, nilai, dan keyakinan keagamaan siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan survei terhadap siswa dari beberapa sekolah di satu kota besar. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket yang berisi pertanyaan tentang persepsi siswa terhadap kualitas lingkungan sekolah, partisipasi siswa dalam kegiatan keagamaan di sekolah, dan tradisi keagamaan mereka. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara variabel lingkungan sekolah dengan nilai-nilai agama siswa dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor lain yang mungkin mempengaruhi hasil tersebut. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan sekolah mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keyakinan agama siswa. Siswa yang merasa lingkungan sekolahnya mendukung dan mendorong pengembangan nilai-nilai keagamaan akan lebih besar kemungkinannya untuk memiliki nilai-nilai keagamaan. Selain itu, partisipasi siswa dalam kegiatan keagamaan di sekolah juga dikaitkan dengan praktik keagamaan. Temuan ini penting tidak hanya bagi perencanaan dan pengelolaan lingkungan sekolah, namun juga bagi pengembangan program pendidikan agama di sekolah. Dengan menciptakan lingkungan sekolah yang mendukung, menerima, dan mendorong praktik keagamaan, sekolah memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk memperluas pengetahuan dan pemahaman agamanya, dan pada akhirnya dapat membentuk karakter dan moral keagamaan.
Puisi At-Ṭumaʻnīnah dalam Antalogi Puisi Hams Al-Jufūn Karya Mikhail Nuaimah: Analisis Semiotik Riffaterre Hasaniyah, Nur; Zen, Regina Aulia; Hasanah, Ummi; Muhamad Husain Rifa’i; Genta Ardytama Yudha; Fares Albadr Mohammed
TSAQOFIYA : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Tsaqofiya: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab
Publisher : Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab IAIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/167xgz61

Abstract

The best literary work of Mikhail Nuaimah is Hams al-Jufūn which is in the form of a poetry anthology. This work contains 44 poem titles depicting three major themes, namely personality, society, and nature. One of the poems featured in the anthology is titled At-Ṭumaʻnīnah. This study aims to examine (1) the outcomes of heuristic reading, (2) hermeneutic reading, and (3) the matrices, models, and hypograms within the poem At-Ṭumaʻnīnah by Mikhail Nuaimah through the lens of Michael Riffaterre's semiotic analysis. This literature study employs a qualitative descriptive research methodology. Data were sourced from Hams al-Jufūn by Mikhail Nuaimah. The data collection method involved reading and note-taking techniques, while data analysis was conducted using Miles and Huberman's framework, encompassing data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing through systematic heuristic and hermeneutic reading techniques. The findings of this study are as follows: (1) heuristic reading reveals that the poem depicts a person's resilient home, capable of withstanding various adversities; (2) hermeneutic reading indicates that the poem narrates an individual's attainment of profound peace of mind, fortified by a strong shield to confront life's challenges and fears; (3) the matrix of this poem conveys a sense of calm, while the model represents a strong shield of the heart, underscored by faith in qada and qadar, which cultivates inner tranquility. The hypogram of this poem connects to the hadith of Imam Thabrani from Abu Umamah. Abstrak Karya sastra terbaik dari Mikhail Nuaimah ialah Hams al-Jufūn yang berbentuk Antalogi puisi. Karya ini memuat 44 judul puisi dengan menggambarkan tiga tema besar yaitu ketokohan, sosial, dan alam. Salah satu judul puisi dari antalogi tersebut adalah At-Ṭumaʻnīnah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan bagaimana (1) hasil pembacaan heuristik,  (2) pembacaan herme-neutik, dan (3) matriks, model serta  hipogram dalam puisi yang berjudul At-Ṭumaʻnīnah karya Mikhail Nuaimah dengan analisis semiotic Michael Riffaterre. Ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data diambil dari antologi puisi Hams al-Jufun karya Mikhail Nuaimah. Metode pengumpulan data berupa teknik baca dan catat, dan analisis data menggunakan analisis Miles dan Huberman berupa reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan melalui teknik pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik secara sistematis. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) hasil pembacaan heuristik puisi ini menceritakan rumah seseorang yang kokoh, dapat menahan untuk setiap bencana yang dihadapi; (2) hasil pembacaan hermeneutik dalam puisi ini adalah menceritakan seseorang mencapai ketentraman hati yang hebat dengan tameng yang kokoh untuk menghadapi segala macam kesulitan sampai pada ketakutan hidup; (3) matriks dari  puisi  ini  adalah rasa ketenangan, model dari puisi ini adalah tameng hati yang kuat dan percaya akan qada dan qadar membuat hati menjadi penuh ketenangan, dan hipogram  dari  puisi  ini berhubungan dengan hadist Imam Thabrani dari Abu Umamah
القيم الفلسفية في كتاب الأدب الصغير والكبير لابن المقفع: Philosophical Values in Ibn Al-Muqaffa’s Kitab Al-Adab Al-Shagir and Al-Adab Al-Kabir Kholil, Ahmad; Ainin, Moh; Faisol, M; Hasanah, Ummi; Wirmansyah, Aulia Fadhila
Jurnal Adabiyah Vol 25 No 1 (2025): June (Islamic Humanities)
Publisher : Faculty of Adab and Humanities - Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/jad.v25i1a3

Abstract

This research aims to identify and to analyze the philosophical values contained in Ibn al-Muqaffa’s Kitab al-Adab al-Shagir and al-Adab al-Kabir. The main focus of this research is to explore how moral philosophy or ethical concepts are reflected in these two literary works and their relation to divine values, cosmology and humanism. This research is a literature study using a qualitative-descriptive analysis method. The primary data sources are texts from these two works as primary sources, as well as books and other references discussing philosophy and literature as secondary sources. The qualitative-descriptive method is used to systematically and deeply elaborate the data. The approach employed is content analysis with a philosophical perspective. This analysis is based on two ways of understanding: first, understanding the content within literary works and second, understanding communication as an interaction between the works and the readers. The findings of this research indicate that the philosophical values in Kitab al-Adab al-Shagir and al-Adab al-Kabir are related to the teachings of moral philosophy, encompassing God as the source of all existence, the universe as a reflection of God's existence and humans as beings possessing freedom and moral responsibility. الملخص يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحديد وتحليل القيم الفلسفية الواردة في كتاب "الأدب الصغير" و"الأدب الكبير" لابن المقفع. ويركز البحث بشكل رئيسي على استكشاف كيفية انعكاس مفاهيم الفلسفة الأخلاقية أو القيمية في هذين الكتابين، وعلاقتها بالقيم الإلهية والكونية والإنسانية.يُعَدُّ هذا البحث دراسة مكتبية تعتمد على منهج التحليل الوصفي النوعي. تستند مصادر البيانات الأساسية إلى نصوص الكتابين كمصدر أولي، بالإضافة إلى الكتب والمراجع الأخرى التي تتناول الفلسفة والأدب كمصادر ثانوية. ويُستخدم المنهج الوصفي النوعي لتحليل البيانات بشكل منهجي وعميق.المنهج المستخدم هو تحليل المحتوى من منظور فلسفي، حيث يعتمد هذا التحليل على طريقتين في الفهم: الأولى، فهم محتوى الأعمال الأدبية، والثانية، فهم عملية التواصل باعتبارها تفاعلاً بين العمل الأدبي والقارئ. وتشير نتائج البحث إلى أن القيم الفلسفية في "كتاب الأدب الصغير" و"الأدب الكبير" ترتبط بتعاليم الفلسفة الأخلاقية، والتي تشمل الله باعتباره مصدر الوجود، والكون باعتباره انعكاساً لوجود الله، والإنسان باعتباره كائناً يمتلك الحرية والمسؤولية Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis nilai-nilai filosofis yang terkandung dalam Kitab al-Adab al-Shagir dan al-Adab al-Kabir karya Ibnu al-Muqaffa‘. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah menggali konsep-konsep filsafat moral atau etika yang tercermin dalam kedua kitab tersebut serta keterkaitannya dengan nilai-nilai ketuhanan, kosmologi, dan humanisme. Penelitian ini merupakan studi pustaka dengan metode analisis kualitatif-deskriptif. Sumber data utama berasal dari teks dalam kedua kitab tersebut sebagai sumber primer, serta buku-buku dan referensi lain yang membahas filsafat dan sastra sebagai sumber sekunder. Metode kualitatif-deskriptif digunakan untuk menguraikan data secara sistematis dan mendalam. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah analisis isi dengan perspektif filsafat. Analisis ini didasarkan pada dua cara pemahaman: pertama, pemahaman terhadap isi karya sastra, dan kedua, pemahaman komunikasi yang terjadi antara karya dan pembaca. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai filsafat dalam kedua kitab tersebut berkaitan dengan ajaran filsafat moral yang mencakup Tuhan sebagai sumber segala wujud, alam semesta sebagai refleksi eksistensi Tuhan, dan manusia sebagai makhluk yang memiliki kebebasan serta tanggung jawab moral.
TAMTSIL AL-HUWIYYAH WA AT-TAHMISY FI SYI’R AS-SALAMU ’ALAIKUM LI ANIS CHOUCHÈNE Qomariyah, Dzurrotul; Hasaniyah, Nur; Hasanah, Ummi
Journal of Arabic Literature (JaLi) Vol 6, No 1 (2024): Journal of Arabic Literature (JaLi)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/jali.v6i1.29365

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the representation of identity and marginalization in Anis Susan’s poem "As-salaam ‘alaikum" using Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic theory. Adopting a qualitative approach with content analysis, this study examines symbols and meanings that reflect identity and marginalization. The poem is the primary data source, while secondary sources include academic references on identity, marginalization, and Peirce’s semiotics. Data collection involves document analysis and identifying words, phrases, and sentences as symbolic elements. These symbols are categorized into three types: (1) Identity Symbols, representing cultural, religious, and ethnic aspects; (2) Marginalization Symbols, highlighting social discrimination and oppression; and (3) Social Criticism Symbols, addressing systemic or ideological issues. The study applies Peirce’s triadic model, analyzing the representamen (symbolic form), object (referenced concept), and interpretant (derived meaning). Findings reveal that the poem employs linguistic and semiotic symbols to reflect a collective identity deeply rooted in cultural and social contexts. Identity is expressed through religious and cultural references, while marginalization appears in language structures conveying victimization and protest. The poem also critiques social injustice through poetic imagery, emphasizing oppression within the existing system
Akurasi Hasil Terjemahan Puisi Nizar Qabbani “Asyhadu An La Imraatan Illa Anti” Menggunakan Deepl Translator Hasanah, Ummi; Aprilia, Lulu Eka; Fahmi, Muhammad; Hidayat, Rifki Maulana; Wirmansyah, Aulia Fadhila
Deskripsi Bahasa Vol 8 No 1 (2025): 2025 - Issue 1
Publisher : Department of Languages and Literature, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/db.13977

Abstract

The rapid advancement of machine translation today is influenced by the progress in human intelligence. For instance, DeepL, as a translation machine, is considered highly accurate. The aim of this research was to analyze the accuracy of the translation of Nizar Qabbani's poem “Asyhadu An La Imra’atan Illa Anti” using Nababan's and Paul Ricoeur's theories. This study is qualitative in nature and employs a reading and note-taking method. Data analysis techniques followed Miles and Huberman's methods. Based on the research results, conclusions were drawn according to the research questions. Out of 18 datasets based on the 18 stanzas of Nizar Qabbani's poem “Asyhadu An La Imra’atan Illa Anti” translated using the AI-based DeepL Translator, 7 translations were categorized as low quality, 9 translations were categorized as less quality, and 2 translations were categorized as high quality. These results were obtained using Nababan's theory of translation accuracy. The translations produced by DeepL Translator for the poetry texts tended to be inconsistent, with many repeated words translated differently even in the same context. Further analysis using Paul Ricoeur's hermeneutic theory to examine the ideology within the text revealed that the translations tended to be very rigid for poetic texts.
Voices of Resistance from Africa: Analysis of “Huwa Summu” and “Sa’anhadlu” Hasaniyah, Nur; 'Aidin, Tusamma Salsa Bila; Hasanah, Ummi; Mohammed, Fares Albadr
POETIKA Vol 13, No 1 (2025): Issue 1
Publisher : Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/poetika.v13i1.102285

Abstract

African literature reflects the continent’s rich tapestry of ethnic groups, languages, and cultures while offering complex perspectives on social realities including war, oppression, and discrimination. Literary sociology provides a valuable framework for comparative studies, revealing how different works represent these pressing social issues. This study examines how the poems “Huwa Summu” by Afnan Samir and the poem “Sa’anhadlu” by Noémia de Sousa represent both objective and subjective forms of social reality. The article explores and compares the social realities depicted in these two African poets’ works. Using a qualitative approach, the study draws on primary data from internet sources and secondary data from relevant journals and books. Data collection involved library research employing three primary techniques: reading, translation, and note-taking. The findings reveal that Afnan Samir’s “Huwa Summu” portrays objective social realities of oppression and religious themes while expressing subjective realities of sadness, confusion, lamentation, weakness, and disappointment. Noémia de Sousa’s “Sa’anhadlu” presents a contrasting, more optimistic perspective that emphasizes resistance, courage, and self-confidence despite addressing colonial oppression. This study contributes to scholarship through its comparative analysis of two Arabic-language African poems from different geographical, historical, and gender perspectives—an approach rarely explored in Indonesian literary studies. Future research should adopt an interdisciplinary approach, including deeper exploration of local political, cultural, and historical contexts.
Co-Authors 'Aidin, Tusamma Salsa Bila AA Sudharmawan, AA Ahmad Kholil An Shori, Alam Anas, Khoirul Aprilia, Lulu Eka Bahri, Saiful Baking, Aad Nur Sayyidus Syuhuur Faisol, M Fares Albadr Mohammed Genta Ardytama Yudha Hidayat, Rifki Maulana Jamal Fakhri Jambak, Melinda Raswari Jambak, Mellinda Raswari M. Anwar Masadi Moh. Ainin Mohammed, Fares Albadr Muhamad Husain Rifa’i MUHAMMAD FAHMI Nur Hasaniyah Nurlita, Nurlita Qomariyah, Dzurrotul Ria Novianti Rifai, Muhamad Husain Wildana Wargadinata Wirmansyah, Aulia Fadhila Wulandari, Betty Ayunda Zakaria, Alif Zawawi, Moh Zen, Regina Aulia